Scribd
Upload
22 views

Electronics - Value Reading

This is a presentation for BTLED students studying Introduction to industrial arts (Electronics)

Uploaded by

von ryan berja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
22 views

Electronics - Value Reading

This is a presentation for BTLED students studying Introduction to industrial arts (Electronics)

Uploaded by

von ryan berja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 27

ELECTRONICCOMPONENTS' VALUE

READING ANDTESTING
Picture Analysis
COMPUTER NOT
WORKING

Video Analysis
ELECTRONIC
COMPONENTS'
VALUEREADING
ANDTESTING
LEARNINGOBJECTIVES
Carry out the value reading of different electronic
Identify the test condition of electronic components

Perform the use of multitester in testing electronic


components

RESISTOR
An electronic component that has a fixed value of resistance in it is used in
the circuit to minimize, restrict and limit the current passing through the
circuitry. Resistance is expressed in ohms (Ω) and is made up of carbon,
cement, wire wound, or metal films. Resistor values can be measured using
an ohmmeter, but sometimes have codes to decode to easily read their
respective resistance value to double-check its meter reading. In contrast,
some have its values printed in its body.
A. READING RESISTOR VALUE

CARBON-TYPE RESISTOR
Most commonly used type of resistor
Has colors painted in its body,
indicating the resistors’ value in ohms;
Usually has four colored bands around
its body;
Start reading with the color that is
nearest to one of the resistor’s end;
B. Testing Resistor's Condition with Ohmmeter

TEST CONDITIONS:
A. Good Resistor - measured value is within the highest and lowest allowed
(tolerances)
B.Open Resistor - no defection of the ohmmeter pointer in any setting C.
Shorted Resistor - ohmmeter pointer defects to zero resistance in any setting D.
High Resistance - measured value is more than the highest allowed value E.
Low Resistance - measured value is less than the lowest allowed value.

CAPACITOR
An electronic component that
stores or charges voltage with its
two insulated plates inside its case
known as “dielectric", holds and
releases or discharges it when
needed in the circuit.

A. READING CAPACITANCE VALUE

CERAMIC DISC CAPACITOR


- Most commonly used type of capacitor
- Has numbers and letter printed in its body,
indicating the capacitance values in picofarad (pF)
or microfarad (uF)
- A whole number marking indicates capacitance
values in picofarad (pF) while a decimal number
indicated capacitance values in microfarad (uF)
1 microfarad (uF) = 1,000,000 picofarad (pF)
1st number/digit

2nd number/digit

multiplier/number of zeroes

NUMBER CODE
1st significant figure is the 1st number/digit
2nd significant figure is the 2nd number/digit
3rd significant figure is the multiplier/number
of zeros
TESTING CAPACITOR:
1. Use multitester (VOM) to test the condition of a capacitor
2. Set the tester to the ohmmeter range, as indicated below:
VOM SETTING:
0.001 uF - 0.9 uF - set to R x 10k
1 uF - 100 uF - set to R x 1k
101 uF - 1000 uF - set to R x 10
1001 uF - 6800 uF - set to R x 1

3. When testing polarized capacitors (electrolytic), make sure that the right
test prod touches the correct polarity. The longer lead is the positive
terminal (for red test prod), while the shorter lead is the negative terminal (
for black test prod)

TEST CONDITIONS:

TEST CONDITIONS POINTER


GOOD CAPACITOR Deflect to the right and deflect back

OPEN CAPACITOR No deflection

SHORTED CAPACITOR Deflect to zero and does not deflect back

LEAK CAPACITOR Deflect to the right but does not deflect back

DIODE
An electronic component that
allows the flowing or passing
through of current in the circuit
in only one direction, with its two
terminals;
ANODE (+ terminal)
CATHODE (- terminal)
TESTING DIODES:
1.
Use multitester (VOM) to test the condition of a
resistor. 2.
Set the tester to the ohmmeter, Range x1 or x10
TEST CONDITIONS:
TEST CONDITIONS FORWARD BIAS REVERSE BIAS Deflect to a certain

GOOD DIODE deflect back


point and does not No deflection
OPEN DIODE No deflection No deflection SHORTED DIODE Deflect to

zero Deflect to zero

Deflect to a certain point


LEAK DIODE Deflect to a certain
point

TRANSISTOR
an electronic device that oscillates (moves
back and forth), amplifiers (increases or
intensifies), switches and rectifier (convert)
electrical current that passes through the
circuits.

TWO KINDS OF TRANSISTOR

NPN-(negative germanium layer,


positive germanium slab, negative
germanium layer)

PNP- (positive silicon layer, negative


silicon slab, positive silicon layer)
TESTING A TRANSISTOR:
1.
Use multitester (VOM) to test the condition of a
transistor.
2.
Set the tester to the ohmmeter, Range x10
TEST CONDITIONS:
1.
GOOD TRANSISTOR - VOM pointer deflects to a certain point when one of the
test prods (either red or black depending on the typeof transistor) is
maintained in contact with the identified based and the other test prod
touches one of the remaining two leads; and still deflects to a certain point
when the other test prod touches the remaining lead.
2.
OPEN TRANSISTOR - If it's an NPN transistor, VOM pointer stays at infinity or does
not deflect to the right when the positive test prod(red) is connected to the
identified base and the negative test prod (black) is connected to the
identified emitter (forward bias); and still stays at infinity when positives test
prod (red) is connected to the identified emitter and the negative test prod
(black) is connected to the identified base (reverse bias).
- If it's an PNP, VOM pointer stays at infinity or does not deflect to the right when the
negative test prod(black) is connected to the identified base and the positive test
prod red is connected to the identified emitter (forward bias); and still stays at infinity
when negative test prod black is connected to the identified emitter and the positive
test prod (red) is connected to the identified base (reverse bias)

3. SHORTED TRANSISTOR - If it's an NPN transistor, VOM pointer deflects to zero


ohms when the positive test prod(red) is connected to the identified base and the
negative test prod (black) is connected to the identified emitter (forward bias); and
still stays at infinity when positives test prod (red) is connected to the identified
emitter and the negative test prod (black) is connected to the identified base (reverse
bias).
- If it's an PNP, VOM pointer stays at infinity or does deflect to the zero ohms when
the negative test prod(black) is connected to the identified base and the positive
test prod red is connected to the identified emitter (forward bias); and still stays at
infinity when negative test prod black is connected to the identified emitter and the
positive test prod (red) is connected to the identified base (reverse bias)

4. LEAKY TRANSISTOR - If it's an NPN transistor, VOM pointer show a low


reading when the positive test prod(red) is connected to the identified base and the
negative test prod (black) is connected to the identified emitter (forward bias); and
still shows a low reading when positives test prod (red) is connected to the
identified emitter and the negative test prod (black) is connected to the identified
base (reverse bias).
- If it's an PNP transistor, VOM pointer show a low reading when the negative test
prod(black) is connected to the identified base and the positive test prod (red) is
connected to the identified emitter (forward bias); and still shows a low reading
when negative test prod (black) is connected to the identified emitter and the
positive test prod (red) is connected to the identified base (reverse bias).
PRACTICE 1: KNOWING THE PHASE
1.
What electronic component that has a fixed value of
resistance used in the circuit to minimize, restrict, and limit the
current passing through the circuit?
PRACTICE 1: KNOWING THE PHASE

2. What electronic component that stores or charge voltage with its


two insulated plates inside its case known as “dielectric” holds and
releases or discharges it when needed in the circuit?
PRACTICE 1: KNOWING THE PHASE
3. What electronic component that allows the following or passing
through of current in the circuit in only one direction, with its two
terminals?
PRACTICE 1: KNOWING THE PHASE

4. What electronic device that oscillates, amplifies, switches, and


rectifies electrical current that passes through the circuit?
PRACTICE 1: KNOWING THE PHASE
5. What is most commonly used type of resistor?
PRACTICE 1: KNOWING THE PHASE

6. What is most commonly used type of capacitor?


PRACTICE 1: KNOWING THE PHASE 7.
What are the two terminals in Diode?

PRACTICE 1: KNOWING THE PHASE 8. What

are the two kinds of transistors?


PRACTICE 1: KNOWING THE PHASE 9. What

are the three parts of transistors?

PRACTICE 1: KNOWING THE PHASE

10. What are the four test conditions of electronic components?


PRACTICE 2: UNDERSTANDING PHASE
Direction: Decode the following resistors and give its value and tolerance.
blue, green,
1. 2.
orange, gold
gray, blue,
red, silver

Direction: Write down the color values of the following resistors on the blanks
provided.
1. 2. 5% 33
100 ohms ± 2
ohms ± %

Direction: Write down the coded value of the following ceramic capacitor.
33
1.
4
2.
10 2
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!

You might also like