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21 views14 pages

MC 1

Uploaded by

jericacecilia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Cognitive

Theory
Cognitive
Theory and
The
Classroom
Jean William Fritz
Piaget (1896-
1980)
•He developed
cognitive theory
Cognitive Theory

•Stems from traditional


psychological concepts of
thinking.
Background Information
•Cognitive theory came about as a
reaction to behaviorism.
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•Cognitivist and Behaviorist have


conflicting views.
•A “cognitive revolution” took place in
the 1950s which led to a collection of
cognitive sciences studied present day.
Key Cognitive Theory Concepts
•Cognitive psychology focuses on how
people think, understand and know.
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•Emphasis on learning how people


comprehend and represent the world
around them.
•Focus on conscious thinking.
•Emphasis on individuals active
construction of understanding.
Important Cognitive Theorist
1. Allan Paivio (1925-present)
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•Dual Coding Theory- believed people
process information in two ways: processing
images and processing language.
•His dual coding theory formed the beginning
of subsequent educational theories.
•Paivio placed an equal importance on verbal
and non-verbal processing.
Important Cognitive Theorist

2. Robert Gagne (1916-2002)


Enter title Enter title
•Psychologist and Educator
•Known for contributions to cognitive learning
hierarchies.
•Identify (5) major categories of learning
outcome (verbal, information, intellectual skills,
cognitive strategies, motor skills and attitude)
•Also known for his “nine events of instruction”.
Important Cognitive Theorist
3. Howard Gardner (1943-present)
•Focus on understanding and defining
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intelligence.
•Developed a theory of multiple intelligences.
•Professor at Harvard University where he
conducted research on his regular, gifted and
adult students.
•Believed educators need to take into account the
student’s multiple intelligences and use them to
guide themselves while instructing.
Important Cognitive Theorist
4. Benjamin Bloom (1913-1999)
•Educational psychologist who focused on
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student’s learning domains.


•Classified learning into three domains:
Cognitive, Effective, Psychomotor.
•Created Bloom’s Taxonomy which is made
up of six levels that can be used to acquire
knowledge on a topic.
Teacher Applying Cognitive Theory
Expository Teaching:
•Teachers gives the students a tool to
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organize information for easier encoding,


storage and retrieval.
•Teachers exposes students to underlying
and selective interrelationships in
cognitive learning to help students come
up with the correct conclusion.
Teacher Applying Cognitive
Theory
Meaningful Learning Method:
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•When presenting new


information the teachers use old
informatio to introduce new
information and make connection.
Teacher Applying Cognitive Theory
Dual Coding:
•Using both text and pictures or sound
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while instructing gives students a better


chance of remembering and encoding the
information.
•Technology can easily be used to
enhance the lesson and the dual coding
method.
Students Applying Cognitive Theory
•Students use sensory, short term and long term
memory to store information learning
Enter title Enter title
in class.
•Students come up with mnemonic devices to
remember facts with ease.
•Using existing schemas to connect new
information to help students retain information.
•Technology can be used to organize information
into charts, graphs , concept maps and etc.

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