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Files Commands

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Hamza Fawad
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11 views

Files Commands

Uploaded by

Hamza Fawad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Files Commands

1. ls - List directory contents

 ls - Lists all files and directories in the current directory.


 ls -l - Lists files and directories with detailed information (permissions, owner, size, etc.).

2. cd - Change directory

 cd /home/user - Moves to the /home/user directory.


 cd .. - Moves up one directory level.

3. pwd - Print working directory

 pwd - Displays the current directory path.

4. cp - Copy files and directories

 file2.txt - Copies file1.txt to file2.txt.


 cp -r dir1/ dir2/ - Copies the directory dir1 to dir2.

5. mv - Move or rename files and directories

 mv file1.txt file2.txt - Renames file1.txt to file2.txt.


 mv file1.txt /home/user/ - Moves file1.txt to /home/user/.

6. rm - Remove files or directories

 rm file1.txt - Deletes file1.txt.


 rm -r dir1/ - Deletes the directory dir1 and its contents.

7. touch - Change file timestamps or create empty files

 touch newfile.txt - Creates an empty file named newfile.txt.


 touch file1.txt - Updates the timestamp of file1.txt if it already exists.

8. cat - Concatenate and display file content

 cat file1.txt - Displays the content of file1.txt.


 cat file1.txt file2.txt - Displays the content of file1.txt followed by file2.txt.

9. chmod - Change file modes or Access Control Lists

 chmod 644 file1.txt - Sets read and write permissions for the owner, and read-only permissions for others.
 chmod u+x script.sh - Adds execute permission for the file owner on script.sh.

10. chown - Change file owner and group

 chown user file1.txt - Changes the owner of file1.txt to user.


 chown user:group file1.txt - Changes the owner of file1.txt to user and the group to group.

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