Experiment 7

Aim: Practice the following Queries

1. Display Unique PNR_NO of all Passengers

SQL> select PNR_NO from Passenger;

PNR_NO

----------

7 rows selected.

2. Display all the names of male Passengers

SQL> select Name from Passenger where Sex='m';

NAME

--------------------

SACHIN

rahul

rafi

salim

riyaz

3. Display Ticket numbers and names of all Passengers

SQL> select Ticket_NO,Name from Passenger;

1
 TICKET_NO NAME

---------- --------------------

1 SACHIN

2 rahul

3 swetha

23 rafi

12 salim

34 riyaz

21 neha

7 rows selected.

4. Display the source and destination having journey time more than 10 hours.

SQL> select source, destination from Ticket where Journey_Dur>10;

SOURCE DESTINATION

---------- --------------------

HYD BAN

SEC BAN

HYD MUM

5. Find the ticket number of passenger whose name starts with ‘S’ and ends with ‘H’

SQL> select Ticket_NO from Passenger where Name like'S%'and name like'%N';

TICKET_NO

----------

6. Find the names of the passenger whose age is between 20 and 40

SQL> select Name from Passenger where age between 20 and 40;

2
 NAME

--------------------

swetha

rafi

riyaz

neha

7. Display all the name of the passengers beginning with ‘r’

SQL> select Name from Passenger where Name like 'r%';

NAME

--------------------

rahul

rafi

riyaz

8. Display the sorted list of Passenger Names

SQL> select Name from Passenger ORDER BY Name;

NAME

neha

rafi

rahul

riyaz

salim

swetha

6 rows selected.

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 Experiment 8

Aim: Practice queries using Aggregate functions, Group by, having and Creation and Dropping
of views

1. Write a query to Display the information present in the Cancellation and Reservation Tables

SQL> select * from Reservation UNION select * from Cancellation;

PNR_NO NO_OF_SEATS ADDRESS CONTACT_NO STATUS

---------- - ---------- -------------------- ---------- --- --------------

1 2 sdfgh 1234543 s

1 3 msbtnk 123456789 s

2 2 ldkp 234567891 s

2 2 wertgfds 12212121 n

3 4 dskng 345678912 n

3 5 azxsdcvf 13243546 s

4 2 ddfdsfsdfdsf 3456789 s

4 5 abids 567891234 s

5 2 allbd 891234567 s

5 11 liopujth 43256787 s

6 1 koti 231456781 s

PNR_NO NO_OF_SEATS ADDRESS CONTACT_NO STATUS

---------- -- --------- -------------------- ----------

6 31 swebnht 453212345 s

7 2 dbdhfdbhf 90876543 s

7 3 jklhg 2345671 s

14 rows selected.

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2. Find the distinct PNR_NO that are present

SQL> SELECT PNR_NO, COUNT (*) AS NoOccurances FROM Passenger GROUP BY

PNR_NO HAVING COUNT (*)>0;

PNR_NO NOOCCURANCES

---------- ------------

1 1

2 1

3 1

4 1

5 1

6 1

7 1

7 rows selected.

3. Find the No of Seats booked for each PNR_NO using GROUP BY Clause.

SQL> select PNR_NO, sum (No_of_seats) from Reservation group by PNR_NO;

PNR_NO SUM(NO_OF_SEATS)

---------- ----------------

1 3

6 1

2 2

4 5

5 2

3 6

7 3

7 rows selected.

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4. Find the number of seats booked in each class where the number of seats is greater than 1.

SQL> select class, sum (No_of_seats) from Reservation where class='a 'or class='b' or class=

'c' group by class having sum(No_of_seats)>1;

CLASS SUM (NO_OF_SEATS)

---- ---------------

a 13

b 7

c 2

5. Find the total number of cancelled seats.

SQL> select sum(No_of_seats) from Cancellation;

SUM(NO_OF_SEATS)

----------------

22

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 Experiment 9
Creating and dropping views

a) CREATE VIEW

SQL> create view male_pass as select PNR_NO,age from Passenger where sex='m';

View created.

SQL> select * from male_pass;

PNR_NO AGE

---------- ----------

1 12

2 43

4 22

5 45

6 32

Create a view from two tables with all columns.

SQL> create view v1 as select * from Passenger full natural join Reservation;

View created.

b) INSERT

SQL> insert into male_pass values (&PNR_NO,&age);

Enter value for pnr_no: 12

Enter value for age: 22

old 1: insert into male_pass values(&PNR_NO,&age)

new 1: insert into male_pass values(12,22)

1 row created.

c) DROP VIEW

SQL> drop view male_pass; View dropped.

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 Experiment 10

Aim: Create of insert trigger, delete trigger and update trigger.

1. To write a TRIGGER to ensure that Bus table does not contain duplicate of null values in
Bus_No column.

a) CREATE OR RELPLACE TRIGGER trig1 before insert on Bus for each row
DECLARE a number;
BEGIN
if(:new.Bus_No is Null) then
raise_application_error(-20001,'error:: Bus_No cannot be null');
else
select count(*) into a from Bus where Bus_No =:new. Bus_No;
if(a=1) then
raise_application_error(-20002,'error:: cannot have duplicate Bus_No ');
end if;
end if;
END;
RESULT:
SQL> @trigger
Trigger created.
SQL> select * from Bus;
BUS_NO SOURCE DESTINATION
----- -------------------- --------------------
110 hyd ban
221 hyd chn
412 hyd mum
501 hyd kol
SQL> insert into Bus values(&Bus_No,'&source','&destination');
Enter value for Bus_No: null
Enter value for source: Chen
Enter value for destination: hyd

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old 1: insert into Bus values(&Bus_No, '&source', '&destination')
new 1: insert into Bus values(null,Chen','hyd')
insert into Bus values(null,’Chen','hyd')
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-20001: error::Bus_No cannot be null
35
ORA-06512: at "SYSTEM.TRIG1", line 5
ORA-04088: error during execution of trigger 'SYSTEM.TRIG1'
SQL> /
Enter value for Bus_No: 110
Enter value for source:KOL
Enter value for destination: hyd
old 1: insert into Bus values(&Bus_No, '&source', '&destination')
new 1: insert into Bus values(110,KOL','hyd')
insert into Bus values(110,’KOL','hyd')
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-20002: error:: cannot have duplicate Bus_No
ORA-06512: at "SYSTEM.TRIG1", line 9
ORA-04088: error during execution of trigger 'SYSTEM.TRIG1'

b) Create Trigger updchek before update on Ticket

For Each Row
Begin
If New.Ticket_No>60 Then
Set New.Ticket_No=Ticket_No;
Else
Set New.Ticket_No=0;
End If
End.

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SQL> @trigger
Trigger created.

c) CREATE OR RELPLACE TRIGGER trig1 before insert on Passenger for each row
DECLARE a number;
BEGIN
if(:new.PNR_NO is Null) then
raise_application_error(-20001,'error:: PNR_NO cannot be null');
else
select count(*) into a from Passenger where PNR_NO =:new. PNR_NO;
if(a=1) then
raise_application_error(-20002,'error:: cannot have duplicate PNR_NO ');
end if;
end if;
END;
SQL> @trigger
Trigger created.

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 Experiment 11

Aim: Creation of stored procedures, Execution of procedure and modification of procedure.

Create procedure myproc()
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(Tickets) from ticket where age>=20;
END;
PL/SOL procedure successfully completed
Create procedure myproc(in_customer_id INT)
BEGIN
DECLARE V_id INT;
DECLARE V_name VARCHAR(30);
DECLARE c1 CURSOR FOR SELECT stdid,stdfirstname FROM students WHERE
stdid=in_customer_id;
OPEN c1;
FETCH c1 into V_id,V_name;
CLOSE c1;
END;
/
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

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 Experiment 12
Aim: To write a Cursor to display the list of Male and Female Passengers.
Analyst.
DECLARE
cursor c(jb varchar2) is select Name from Passenger where Sex=m;
pr Passenger.Sex%type;
BEGIN
open c('m');
dbms_RESULT.put_line(' Name of Male Passenger are:');
loop
fetch c into pr;
exit when c%notfound;
dbms_RESULT.put_line(pr);
end loop;
close c;
open c('f');
dbms_RESULT.put_line(' Name of female Passengers are:');
loop
fetch c into em;
exit when c%notfound;
dbms_RESULT.put_line(em);
end loop;
close c;
END;
RESULT:
Name of Male Passenger are:
SACHIN
rahul
rafi
salim
riyaz

12
Name of female Passengers are:
swetha
neha
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

b) To write a Cursor to display List of Passengers from Passenger Table.

DECLARE
cursor c is select PNR_NO, Name, Age, Sex from Passenger ;
i Passenger.PNR_NO%type;
j Passenger.Name%type;
k Passenger.Age%type;
l Passenger.Sex%type;
BEGIN
open c;
dbms_RESULT.put_line('PNR_NO, Name, Age, Sex of Passengers are:= ');
loop
fetch c into i, j, k, l;
exit when c%notfound;
dbms_RESULT.put_line(i||' '||j||' '||k||' '||l);
end loop;
close c;
END;
RESULT:
SQL>@Passenger
PNR_NO NAME AGE SEX
---------- -------------------- ---------- ----------
1 SACHIN 12 m
2 rahul 43 m
3 swetha 24 f
4 rafi 22 m
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

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