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Logical Gates

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11 views4 pages

Logical Gates

Uploaded by

tharani devi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LOGICAL GATES

logic gate being used and the combination of inputs, the binary output will differ. A
logic gate can be thought of like a light switch, where in one position the output is off (0),
and in another, it is on (1). Logic gates are commonly used in integrated circuits (IC). logic
gates work based on a combination of digital signals coming from its inputs. Most logic gates
have two inputs and one output, and they are based on Boolean algebra. At any given
moment, every terminal is in one of the two binary conditions: true or false. False represents
0, and true represents 1.
AND Gate
An AND gate has a single output and two or more inputs.

1. When all of the inputs are 1, the output of this gate is 1.


2. The AND gate’s Boolean logic is Y=A.B if there are two inputs A and B.
An AND gate’s symbol and truth table are as follows:

Input Output

A B A AND B

0 0 0

Therefore, in And gate, the output is high when all the


0 1 0 inputs are high.

1 0 0

1 1 1

OR Gate
Two or more inputs and one output can be used in an OR gate.

1. The logic of this gate is that if at least one of the inputs is 1, the output will be 1.
2. The OR gate’s output will be given by the following mathematical procedure if
there are two inputs A and B: Y=A+B
Input Output

A B A OR B

0 0 0

0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 1

Therefore, in the OR gate, the output is high when any of the inputs is high.
NOT Gate
The NOT gate is a basic one-input, one-output gate.

1. When the input is 1, the output is 0, and vice versa. A NOT gate is sometimes
called an inverter because of its feature.
2. If there is only one input A, the output may be calculated using the Boolean
equation Y=A’.

Outpu
Input
t

A Not A

0 1

1 0

A NOT gate, as its truth table shows, reverses the input signal.
Universal Logic Gates
NOR Gate
A NOR gate, sometimes known as a “NOT-OR” gate, consists of an OR gate followed by a
NOT gate.

1. This gate’s output is 1 only when all of its inputs are 0. Alternatively, when all
of the inputs are low, the output is high.
2. The Boolean statement for the NOR gate is Y=(A+B)’ if there are two inputs A
and B.

Input Output

A B A NOR B

0 0 1

0 1 0

1 0 0

1 1 0

By comparing the truth tables, we can observe that the outputs of the NOR gate are the
polar opposite of those of an OR gate. The NOR gate is sometimes known as a universal
gate since it may be used to implement the OR, AND, and NOT gates.

NAND Gate
A NAND gate, sometimes known as a ‘NOT-AND’ gate, is essentially a Not gate followed
by an AND gate.

1. This gate’s output is 0 only if none of the inputs is 0. Alternatively, when all of
the inputs are not high and at least one is low, the output is high.
2. If there are two inputs A and B, the Boolean expression for the NAND gate is
Y=(A.B)’
Input Output

A B A NAND B

0 0 1

0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 0

By comparing their truth tables, we can observe that their outputs are the polar opposite of
an AND gate. The NAND gate is known as a universal gate because it may be used to
implement the AND, OR, and NOT gates.

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