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2.IO Operations

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11 views19 pages

2.IO Operations

Uploaded by

aswith Reddy. Atla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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I/O Operations

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Agenda

Console Operations

2 File Operations

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Objectives
At the end of this module, you will be able to:

– Understand Console operations


– Understand File operations

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Reading & Printing to Console

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Reading Console Input - Stream Wrapping

• The preferred method of reading console input in Java 2 is


to use a character stream

• InputStreamReader class acts as a bridge between byte


and character streams

• Console input is accomplished by reading from System.in

• To get a character-based stream, you wrap System.in in a


BufferedReader object

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Reading Console Input - Stream Wrapping
• The BufferedReader class supports a buffered input stream.
Its most commonly used constructor is shown as follows:

• BufferedReader(Reader inputReader)

• Here inputReader is the stream that is linked to the instance of


BufferedReader that is being created. Reader is an abstract
class. One of its concrete subclasses is InputStreamReader,
which converts bytes to characters. To obtain an
InputStreamReader object that is linked to System.in, use the
following constructor:

• InputStreamReader(InputStream inputStream)

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Reading Console Input - Stream Wrapping

Because System.in refers to an object of type InputStream, it


can be used for inputStream. Putting it all together, the following
line of code creates a BufferedReader that is connected to the
keyboard, and which in turn enables character input from a byte
stream InputStream that is System.in).

BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new


InputStreamReader(System.in));

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Reading Characters
package m10.io;
import java.io.*;

public class BRRead{

public static void main (String args[ ]) throws IOException {


char c;
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println(“Enter Characters, ‘q’ to quit”);
do {
c = (char) br.read( );
System.out.println( c );
}while (c != ‘q’);
} Refer documentation for
} BufferedReader and
InputStreamReader

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Reading Characters

• int read( ) throws IOException

• Whenever the read( ) method is called, it reads a character


from the input stream and returns an integer value. If the end
of the stream is encountered, -1 is returned.

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Reading Strings

package m10.io;
import java.io.*;

public class BRReadLine{

public static void main (String args[]) throws IOException {


String str;
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(System.in));
System.out.println(“Enter Characters, ‘stop’ to quit”);
do {
str = br.readLine( );
System.out.println ( str );
}while (!str.equals( “stop”));
}
}
The above program reads and displays lines of text until you enter the
word “stop”.
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Writing Console Output
• print( ) and println( ) are console output
methods defined in PrintStream class

• System.out is a byte stream used to write bytes

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Writing & Reading From File

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Reading & Writing to File using FileReader & FileWriter

The File class is a convenience class for writing character files.


The File class deals directly with files and the file system. The
File class does not specify how information is retrieved from, or
stored in files, it describes the properties of a file itself. A File
object is used to obtain or manipulate information associated
with a disk file, such as the permissions, time, date and directory
path.

public int read() throws IOException (Read a single character)

public int read(char[] cbuf,int off,int len) throws IOException

public void write(int c) throws IOException (Write a single charac


ter)

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Reading & Writing to File using FileReader & FileWriter
package m10.io;
import java.io.*;

public class Copy {

public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

File inputFile = new File(”Source.txt");


File outputFile = new File(”Target.txt");
FileReader in = new FileReader(inputFile);
FileWriter out = new FileWriter(outputFile);
int c;
while ((c = in.read()) != -1)
out.write(c);

in.close(); Refer documentation for


out.close(); FileReader and FileWriter
}
}
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Copy image
import java.io.*;

class CopyFile{

public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException{


int i;
FileInputStream fin;
FileOutputStream fout;

try{
fin = new FileInputStream(args[0]);
}
catch(FileNotFoundException e){
System.out.println("File Not Found");
return;
}
Why can’t we use FileReader and FileWriter here?

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Copy image (Contd.).
try{
fout = new FileOutputStream(args[1]);
}
catch(IOException e){
System.out.println("Error Opening Output File");
return;
}
try{
do {
i=fin.read();
if(i!=-1)
fout.write(i);
} while (i!=-1);
}
catch (IOException e){
System.out.println("File Error");
}
fin.close();
fout.close();
}
}
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Copy image (Contd.).

• To run this program

• C:\java CopyFile source.bmp dest.bmp

• It will copy image from source.bmp to dest.bmp

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Thank You

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