Scribd
Upload
16 views8 pages

RCC Institute of Information Technology Continuous Assessment - 1 (CA1) Academic Session: 2023-24 (Odd Sem)

Uploaded by

sreejitmondal1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views8 pages

RCC Institute of Information Technology Continuous Assessment - 1 (CA1) Academic Session: 2023-24 (Odd Sem)

Uploaded by

sreejitmondal1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

RCC Institute of Information Technology

Continuous Assessment -1(CA1)


Academic Session: 2023-24 (Odd Sem)

Subject: Basic Electrical


Title: No Load Operation of Transformer
Name: Sreejit Mondal
Year: 1st
Semester: 1st
College Roll Number: EE2023026
University roll number: 11701623036
Paper code: ES-EE101
Academic Session: 2023-24
CO Number: 5
Module Number: 3
Bloom’s taxonomy level : understanding
CONTENT

• Introduction
• No load equivalent circuit of a transformer
• Losses in the transformer
• Phasor diagram of no-load current
• No load component of equivalent circuit
INTRODUCTION
The performanceof a transformerat no load and at load is influencedby mutual flux, the leakage
fluxes, the winding resistances and the iron losses.For the purpose of performance evaluation, the
effect of theseis representedon an electricalcircuit, in the form of resistancesand reactances .
Suchan electrical circuitis called “equivalent circuit.” In this section,we will develop the equivalent
circuitof a single-phasetransformerin the following steps:
(a) Equivalent circuitof an ideal transformer at no load
(b) Equivalent circuitof an ideal transformer on load
(c) Equivalent circuit at load
(d) Equivalent circuit referred to primary side
(e) Approximate equivalent circuit .
Equivalent Circuit of an Ideal Transformerat No Load
• Under certain conditions, the transformer can be treated as an ideal transformer. Theassumptions
necessaryto treat it as an ideal transformerare :
(a) Primaryand secondarywindings have zero resistance.This meansthat ohmic loss(I2R loss),and
resistivevoltage drops inwindingsare zero.
(b) There is no leakage flux, i.e. the entire flux is mutual flux that links both
the primary and secondary windings.
(c) Permeability of the core isinfinite this means that the magnetizing current needed for establishing the
flux is zero.
(d) Core loss(hysteresisas well as eddy current losses)are zero.
We know that ,
E2/E1= N 2 /N 1 = k ; N 1 /N 2 = a
(k is a constant,knownas voltage transformationratio or turns ratio).

For an ideal transformer,V1 = E1 and E2 = V2.


∴ V 1 /V 2 = E1/E2 = N 1 /N 2
Evenat no load, a transformerdrawssome active power from the sourceto provide the following
lossesin the core :
(a) eddy-current loss,and
(b) hysteresisloss.
(a) Phasordiagram at no load
equivalent transformer

The currentresponsible for the active power is nearly in phase with V1


(applied voltage)and is knownascore-losscurrent.A transformer Iω
when connected to supply,draws a current to produce the flux in the
core. At no-load, thisflux lags nearly by 90o behind the applied
voltage V1. The magnetizing current,denoted by Iµ is in phasewith
the flux φ and thus, lags behind the applied voltage by nearly90°. Iµ
The phasor sumof the core losscomponent of current Iω and the
magnetizing current Iµ is equal to the no-load current I0 .

Fromthe diagram, Core loss = P0 = V1 I0 cos φ0 =V 1 Iµ watt


Iµ = I0 cosφ 0 Magnetizing loss= V1I0sin φ0 VA
Iω = I0 sin φ 0 =V1 Iω VA
Iµ =√(Iµ2 + Iω2)
cosφ 0 = Iµ/ I0

Where φ0 is the phaseangle between V1


and I0 , and, (cosφ0) is the no load power
factor. The phase relationship between
applied voltage V1 , no-load current I0 , and
itscomponentsIω , Iµ is shownin Figure (a) .
In the form of equivalent circuit, this can be represented as Figure (b),
• In which R0 is a resistance representing core loss and X0 is an inductive reactance (called
magnetizing reactance).
• Note that the current in the resistance is in phase with V1 and X0 being an inductive reactance, the
current Iµ in this branch lags V1 by 90° as shown in the phasor diagram of Figure (A).
• The representation in Figure (A) , assumes that V1 = – E1 ( E1 equal to but in opposite side of V1).
• Similarly, in the secondary winding of transformer mutually induced emf is antiphase with V1 and
its magnitude is proportional to the rate of change of flux and the number of secondary turns .

R0 = V1 /P0 ,
Iω =V/R0 , P0=Iω2R0
Also, X0=V1/Iµ or,
Iµ=V1/X0

No-loadEquivalentCircuit

You might also like