HART Communication and Hardware

02.05.2012, Kai Einecke

 Agenda

1 What is HART
2 Technology
3 Installations
4 Available HART Transmitters
5 Standard 4-20mA architecture
6 HART Protocol structure
7 Drivers
8 Available HART tools

2 | 44 HART Communication | Kai Einecke |

 Agenda

1 What is HART
2 Technology
3 Installations
4 Available HART Transmitters
5 Standard 4-20mA architecture
6 HART Protocol structure
7 Drivers
8 Available HART tools

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 What is HART?

HART is the acronym for “Highway Addressable Remote Transducer”

What is HART used for?

• Device Configuration or re-configuration

• Device Diagnostics
• Device Troubleshooting
• Reading the additional measurement values provided by the device
• Device Health and Status

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 What is HART?
History

• 1986 developed by Rosemount

• 1993 the HART Communication Foundation got all rights

• Open protocol, user are producer independent
• Today >160 producers with more than 600 products
• >50% off all 4-20mA devices are equipped with a HART interface
• HART devices for most process measurements and gas detection
systems available

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 What is HART
The beginning

80th
Smart transmitter developement and implemented in a digital
control, microprocessor environment.

Technology advantages

Advantages

• Self diagnostics
• Precise information by error codes or text
messages
• Provides digital communication interface
(HART)
• Supports digital sensor information e.g.
calibration data and gas library

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 Agenda

1 What is HART
2 Technology
3 Installations
4 Available HART Transmitters
5 Standard 4-20mA architecture
6 HART Protocol structure
7 Drivers
8 Available HART tools

7 | 44 HART Communication | Kai Einecke |

 Technology
Overview

• Master Slave system (poll/response)

• Max 2 masters and max. 15 slaves (multidrop mode)
• FSK (Frequency Shift Keying)
• Transmission rate 1200 Baud
• Communication: Master command → slave response → Master
• Burst mode: command to all devices (Broadcast) fast slave value
transfer (not supported by Dräger gas detectors)

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 Technology
How it works

Data transfer between network devices

•Master sends a command/

request to slave

•Slave answers only when

Master request is received
Slave answer

Master request

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 Technology
How it works

• HART is an overlaid modulated

current signal on top of the 4-20mA
signal!

• It’s a frequency shift keying

between 1200 Hz and 2200 Hz

Logic 0 = 2200 Hz
Logic 1 = 1200 Hz

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 Agenda

1 What is HART
2 Technology
3 Installations
4 Available HART Transmitters
5 Standard 4-20mA architecture
6 HART Protocol structure
7 Drivers
8 Available HART tools

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 Installations

Classic Remote I/O Fieldbus

Channel
Control
PLC
room
I/O Bus card Fieldbus card

Junct.
Box

F Junct.
i Box
e
l Field
d device

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 Installations

Known topologies beside the point to

point connection:

Typical HART topology

Daisy chaining is very common in

multi drop mode!

1 2 3 4

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 Installations
Multidrop mode

1 2 3 4

Regard HART

Transmitters are connected mainly by daisy chaining

• each transmitter has an own address 1…4 (max. 15)
• each transmitter is set to a static current <4mA
= 4-20mA is enabled = Pure HART communication

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 Installations
Max. cable length

Source: HART Communication Foundation

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 Agenda

1 What is HART
2 Technology
3 Installations
4 Available HART Transmitters
5 Standard 4-20mA architecture
6 HART Protocol structure
7 Drivers
8 Available HART tools

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 Available Dräger Hart Transmitters

• Dräger Polytron 8000

• Dräger PIR 7000
• Polytron 7000
• Polytron XP Tox/Ex
• Polytron Pulsar
• Polytron IR

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 Agenda

1 What is HART
2 Technology
3 Installations
4 Available HART Transmitters
5 Standard 4-20mA architecture
6 HART Protocol structure
7 Drivers
8 Available HART tools

18 | 44 HART Communication | Kai Einecke |

 Standard architecture 4-20mA
What we get
Available information from
a analogue controller
• Alarm
• Fault
• 4-20mA
HART information
serial number, part number, TAG, Unit,
gas name, measuring range, time, errors,
Alarm settings, pump information …..

4-20mA

HART

Whish: Access through full transmitter

information

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 Standard architecture 4-20mA
What we get

Available information depends

on the device capability.

The HART protocol provides

for Dräger devices the full
functionality!

HART content = same as the

menu content

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 Standard architecture 4-20mA

Point to point connection Regard HART

• Value
• Unit
• Range and some more

HART
4-20mA

Tools (HHT, AMS,

PACTware):
Transmitter information Full information
• Fault codes for precise analysis package, error codes
• Self controlled electronics calibration date, next
• Measurement value calibration and many more
• Next calibration date
• Temperature

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 Standard architecture 4-20mA
Signal requirements

Signal Requirements: Current

HART modem requires a

200mVpp voltage

R=U/I = 200mV:1mA = 200Ω

HART resistor specification

240Ω min. and 1100 Ω max. Time

1/1200 second

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 Standard architecture 4-20mA
What do we need to get Hart information

Standard 4-20mA connection + HART

HHT/
Multiplexer
+ 24V

Controller
250Ω 4-20mA

Signal 0 V (only for 3 wire

devices neccessary)

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 Agenda

1 What is HART
2 Technology
3 Installations
4 Available HART Transmitters
5 Standard 4-20mA architecture
6 HART Protocol structure
7 Drivers
8 Available HART tools

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 Hart Protocol Structure

Universal Commands:
Are implemented by all field devices. All devices using the HART
protocol recognize these commands.

Common-Practice Commands:
Provides functions implemented by most, but not necessarily all, smart devices.
These commands make up a library of functions commonly used by most field
devices

Device-Specific commands:
Represent the function that are unique to each field device. These commands
access information required for calibration, as well as information about the
construction of the device

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 Agenda

1 What is HART
2 Technology
3 Installations
4 Available HART Transmitters
5 Standard 4-20mA architecture
6 HART Protocol structure
7 Drivers
8 Available HART tools

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 Drivers
DD

The protocol contains the information which can be “encrypted” by use of the
Device specific driver called DD (device description).

There are mainly 2 important information blocks:

• Generic information
• Device or producer specific information

The DD can be downloaded on the HCF (HART Communication

Foundation) website or you can get it from Dräger

Generic information:
URV (upper range value), unit, temperature, TAG, analogue value mA =
these are only basic information

The generic information can be read without the device specific DD by using
a generic driver/DD which works with all HART devices

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 Drivers
Device specific DD

Device specific information depends on the device capabilities and the chose
HART profile:

Example: Polytron 7000

• Generic information as every HART device has

• Relay configuration, gas type settings, language settings, pump settings,
specific error information, date and time settings……..

To get full access to the data the specific DD is needed!

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 Drivers
Device specific DD

WWW.HARTcomm.org

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 Agenda

1 What is HART
2 Technology
3 Installations
4 Available HART Transmitters
5 Standard 4-20mA architecture
6 HART Protocol structure
7 Drivers
8 Available HART tools

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 Available HART tools
What do we need to read from a HART device?

Access to a single channel is easy but how to get

access to a complete system to enable to full power of our
Devices?

DD
+

HHT
+ 24V

Controller
250Ω

Signal

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 Available HART Tools
What do we need to read from a HART device?
EG: different HHTs (for Service
and maintenance for temporarily
access
Emerson 475

Meriam MFC450

i.roc

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 Available HART tools
Multiplexer Continuous Installation

Products:

FI-PFH-110469
e.g. Pepperl & Fuchs

Master KFD2-HMM-16

Slave KFD0-HMS-16

Termination module
FI-PFH-108874
= 16 channels

FI-PFH-110469
or the alternative as shown here
FI-PFH-110469
has a disadvantage because it
adds a resistance which may
cause shorter max. cable length!

RS485/ RS232
KFD2-HMM-16 KFD0-HMS-16

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 Available HART tools
Multiplexer system structure

16 channel/ termination board

Master
Ribbon cable Products:

e.g. Pepperl & Fuchs

Master KFD2-HMM-16

Slave KFD0-HMS-16

Converter Termination module

Ribbon cable Slave DIN rail FI-PFH-110469
= 16 channels

Up to 15 HART Multiplexer-Slaves on each Master

RS 485 Up to 31 HART Multiplexer-Master

connection

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 Available HART tools

What kind of tools are on the market to use HART?

HHT (Hand Held Terminal) like the Emerson 275/375/475 or Ecom i.roc
AMS (Asset Management Software) from Emerson
Different Host providers have different solutions like Siemens, ABB…

Are they all using the DD from the HCF?

No, their tools are using DD, DTMs and EDDs

Today the DTM solution is very often supported by the host systems and the DD
is used for the AMS from Emerson beside the other different HHT solutions
on the market.

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 Available HART tools
PACTware

What is PACTware?

A so called frame application

or data container

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 Available HART tools
PACTware

The frame application requires device

specific drivers.

1. Communication driver
(HART, Profibus,
Foundation Fieldbus ...)
2. Driver Name DTM
(Device Type Manager)
3. DTM is comparable with a printer driver
4. The FDT (Field Device TOOL) Group is
owner of this technology

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 Available HART tools
PACTware

Provides a nice
view and access to
the relevant transmitter
information.

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Thank you for
your attention.