Internal Combustion Engines

Seat No.
: _____
Enrolment No.______
GUJARAT TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

B E Sem-VI Examination May 2011 Subject code: 161902 Subject Name: Internal Combustion Engines
Date:17/05/2011 Time: 10.30 am 01.00 pm Total Marks: 70
Instructions:
1. Attempt all questions. 2. Make suitable assumptions wherever necessary. 3. Figures to the right indicate full marks. Q.1 (a) Explain with neat sketch Combustion stages in S. I .Engine. Also define 07 Auto ignition Temperature. (b) Explain with neat sketch Detonation in C. I. Engine. Also mention the 07 Factor affecting the detonation. Q.2 (a) Prove that e Air fuel Ratio for Simple Carburettor if air is assumed to be 07 incompressible is equal to A.F. Ratio = Cda Aa 2a.(p) _______________________ Cdf Af 2f [(p) h g f] (b) A simple carburettor has the venture of throat diameter of 8 cm and the 07 coefficient of discharge is 0.94. The fuel orifice has the diameter of 0.5 cm and its coefficient of discharge of 0.7. find the air-fuel ratio if pressure drop amounts to 0.14 bar when (a) nozzle lip is neglected (b) nozzle lip is taken in to account and it is equal to 0.5 cm. Assume density of fuel as 780 kg/m3, approach factor as 1 and density of air as 1.293 kg/m3. OR (b) A:F ratio of mixture supplied to an engine by carburettor is 15:1. The 07 fuel consumption of engine is 7.5 kg/hour. The diameter of venture is 2.2 cm find the diameter of fuel nozzle if tip of nozzle is 4 mm. Take the following specification for calculation. Q.3 (a) A Petrol engine using a compression ratio 7and A/F ratio of 15:1 has the 07 pressure and temperature at the end of suction stroke 1 bar and 57oC respectively. The fuel used has a calorific value of 44000 kJ/kg. compression follows the law PV1.33 = C and specific heat at constant volume is given by the relation Cv = 0.718 + 2.1 x 10-4 T, where T is in degree Kelvin. Determine the maximum Pressure and Temperature in the cylinder. Also compare this value with that of constant specific heat, Cv = 0.718. (b) Explain with neat sketch working Simple Carburettor. Also explain 07 Drawback and application of simple Carburettor. OR Q.3 (a) Explain with neat sketch Stages in Combustion of C. I. Engine. Also give classification of Combustion chambers for C. I. Engine. 07
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(b) Explain with neat sketch Valve timing diagram for Diesel engine. Also 07 explain deviation of an actual cycle from an ideal cycle. Q.4 (a) The following observations were made during the test on an oil engine. 07 B.P. of the engine = 31.5 kW. Fuel used = 10.5 kg/hr, CV of Fuel = 43000 kJ/kg, Jacket circulating water = 540 kg/hr. Rise in temperature of cooling water = 56oC. Exhaust gases are passed through the exhaust gas calorimeter for finding the heat carried away by the exhaust gases. Water circulated through the exhaust gas calorimeter = 545 kg/hr. Rise in temperature of water passing through calorimeter = 36oC. Temperature of exhaust gas leaving exhaust gas calorimeter = 82oC. A/F ratio is 19:1. Ambient temperature = 17 oC. Cp for exhaust gases = 1kJ/kg K. Cp of water = 4.186 kJ/kg K. Draw up the heat balanced sheet on minute and Percentage basis. (b) Explain the Methods of obtaining Friction Power and explain any one of 07 them in details. OR (a) Explain Ignition Requirement. Also Give Types of Ignition Systems and 07 explain in detail any one of them. (b) What is Variable Compression Ratio(VCR) Engine and explain methods 07 of obtaining VCR and performance of VCR Engine. (a) Define Supercharging and give its advantages. Also explain the methods 07 of Supercharging and explain any of them. (b) In SI engine works on Otto cycle with compression ratio 6. The initial 07 Pressure and Temperature of the cycle are 1 bar and 37o C. The maximum pressure in the cycle is 30 bar. For unit mass flow calculate (1) Pressure volume and Temperature at various sailent Point in the cycle and (2) Ratio of heat supplied to heat rejected and efficiency. Assume = 1.4 and R = 8.314 kJ/kmol K. OR Q.5 (a) Define EURO and INDIAN(Bharat) Norms. The petrol used in an SI 07 engine is assumed to have a chemical formula C7H16. Determine : (a) the stoichiometric A:F ratio and (b) If 50% excess air si supplied then find the volumetric composition of dry exhaust products. Air contains 23% of O2 and 77% of N2 by Mass. (b) Explain alternative fuels for I. C. Engine and explain any one of Fuel in 07 details. Also Define Octane and Cetane No.
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Internal Combustion Engines

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