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Sentence Structure

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162 views13 pages

Sentence Structure

Uploaded by

Naveed Khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Semester : 4th

Course Code: ENG203


Credit Hours : 02
Lecturer : Miss Shahida

Email: [email protected]
What is a Sentence?
 To express our thoughts, beliefs, ideas, or expressions, we
need some groups of words arranged in a specific way that
helps us to communicate easily. In English Grammar, A
sentence is defined as a group of words containing a
subject and a verb expressing the complete sense of a
statement, or a question. A subject in a sentence
provides information about the noun and a verb tells about
the action of the noun. A sentence when written always
begins with a capital letter and ends with a full stop or
question marks or marks of exclamations. The use of these
marks at the end of a sentence depends on the type of
sentence.
Types of Sentence
Different types of sentences express different emotions,
and thoughts in various ways. Sentences are classified on
the basis of Function and structure. If we talk about the
classification of sentences on the basis of function, then
there are mainly 4 types of sentences that describe the
intention of the sentence and these are:

 1. Declarative Sentence
 2. Interrogative Sentence
 3. Exclamatory Sentence
 4. Imperative Sentence

 If we talk about the classification of sentences on the
basis of structure, i.e how many clauses are used to
form a sentence, then there are also 4-types of
sentences, and these are:
 1. Simple sentence
 2. Compound Sentence.
 3. Complex sentence
 4. Compound-Complex sentence.
Types of Sentence on the basis of
Function
 Declarative Sentence (Statement):
 Declarative sentences are the most commonly used sentences and it is the most
basic sentence among all 4-types of sentences on the basis of function. We use
them to convey any message, facts, and ideas, in other words, they are used to
declare something and forward the information.

 In our day-to-day life, we mostly use these sentences to communicate. To


provide any information to someone, we use declarative sentences. All
declarative sentences end with a period or full stop.(.)
 Examples:

 1. He enjoys reading these articles.
 2. I am the boss of this company.
the above sentences are used only for providing some information and facts
and all sentences are ending with full stop also.
Interrogative Sentence ( Question)
 Interrogative sentences are used to ask questions,
interrogate, or to do some inquiry. It ends or is punctuated
with a question mark (?).
 The 3-main types of questions that are covered under an
interrogative sentence are:
 1. WH- word question
 2. Choice question
 3. Yes/No question
 Examples:
 1. Do you want to top over your pizza?
 2. Where do you live?
Exclamatory Sentence
(Exclamation)
 Exclamatory sentences express strong emotions such
as happiness, anger, grief, sadness, etc. An exclamatory
sentence always ends with a sign of exclamations (!).
These sentences will be helpful in expressing inner
feelings and excitement.
 Examples,
 1. It’s a beautiful building!
 2. We won the match yesterday!
Imperative Sentence
 Imperative sentences are used to give some command,
order, or instructions, or to make any request or plea. These
types of sentences generally end with a full stop. When
there is any strong emotion involved while making a
request or giving any command then in that case
imperative sentences will end with a mark of exclamations
(!)
 Examples:
 1. Shut the door, please!
 2. Start opposing violence.
3. Don’t go outside in the afternoon.
 4. Switch off the light, please!
 5. Submit your assignment as soon as possible.
Sentence Structure
Simple Sentence Structure
 A simple sentence consists of one independent clause.
(An independent clause contains a subject and verb
and expresses a complete thought.)
 Examples:
 I like coffee.
 Mary likes tea.
 The earth goes round the sun.
 Mary did not go to the party.
Compound Sentence Structure
 A compound sentence is two independent clauses
joined by a conjunction or semicolon. Each of these
clauses could form a sentence alone.
 Examples:
 I like coffee and Mary likes tea.
 Mary went to work but John went to the party.
 I want to lose weight, yet I eat chocolate daily .
 We had a meeting; we came late .
 There are seven coordinating conjunctions:
 And, but, or, nor, for, yet, so
Complex Sentence Structure
 A complex sentence consists of an independent clause plus a
dependent clause. (A dependent clause starts with a subordinating
conjunction or a relative pronoun, and contains a subject and verb, but
does not express a complete thought.)
 Examples:
 We missed our plane because we were late.
 Although she was considered smart, she failed all her exams.
 Our dog barks when she hears a noise.
 He left in a hurry after he got a phone call.
 Do you know the man who is talking to Mary?
 Here are some common subordinating conjunctions:
 After, although, as, because, before, how, if, once, since, than, that,
though, till, until, when, where, whether, while
 Here are the five basic relative pronouns:
 That, which, who, whom, whose
Compound-Complex Sentence
Structure
 A compound-complex sentence consists of at least two
independent clauses and one or more dependent
clauses.
 Examples:
 John didn’t come because he was ill so Mary was not
happy.
 I will get to watch television, but first, I have to clean
up the dishes after we finish eating.
 He left in a hurry after he got a phone call but he came
back five minutes later.
 Thank You

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