Sample Questions

Academic Year 2023 -24

Subject :-Data Communication and Computer network(22414)

Questions (2 marks)
State the function of repeater and modem.
Following are the functions of:
Repeater: Repeater is a network device that amplifies and restores signals for long distance transmission.
A repeater operates at physical layer. It is a two-port device.

Modem: A modem (modulator-demodulator) is an electronic Device that enables a computer to transmit

data over telephone line. A modem converts analog signal to digital signal and digital signal to analog signal
and this is called as modulation and demodulation.

List mobile generations.

First Generation (1G)
Second Generation (2G)
Third Generation (3G)
Fourth Generation (4G) or LTE
Fifth Generation (5G)

Draw the following topology with five host.

i) Ring

ii) Star
Draw a neat labelled diagram of co-axial cable

List IEEE 802 X standards for networks

1. 802.3: Ethernet
2. 802.4:Token Bus
3. 802.5:Token Ring
4. 802.11:Wi Fi (Wireless Fidelity)

Define multiplexing. List types of multiplexing. /State its types.

Multiplexing is the set of techniques that allows the simultaneous transmission of multiple
signals across a single data link. Multiplexing divides the physical line or a medium into
logical segments called channels.

Following are the types of multiplexing:

1. Frequency-Division Multiplexing
2. Wavelength-Division Multiplexing
3. Time-Division Multiplexing
a) Synchronous Time-Division Multiplexing
b) Asynchronous Time-Division Multiplexing

Define Error. Name types of Errors.

In Communication system any distortion of transmitted signal before reaching its
destination is called Error.
Errors types are:
1.Content errors:
i. Single-bit error
ii. Burst error
2. Flow Integrity errors
List advantages and disadvantages of packet switched network.

Compare STP & UTP on basis of noise, ease of handling, cost and speed.

UTP{ Unshielded twisted pair} STP{ Shielded twisted pair}

➢ UTP cables are noisier ➢ STP cables are less noisy
➢ Installation of UTP cables is easy ➢ Installation of STP cable is quite
as they are lighter, small in size, difficult as compared to the UTP.
and flexible. Its heavy, size is bigger, and stiffer.
It required maintenance. It does not require much
maintenance.
➢ The cost of UTP is lower as ➢ The cost of STP is much costlier than
compared to the STP. UTP.
➢ Data rate in UTP is slow compared ➢ Data rate in STP is high.
to STP.

Draw a neat labelled diagram of Fiber-Optic cable

List any four Unguided Transmission Media.
(a) Radio wave
(b) Microwave
(c) infrared
(d) Satellite

Compare
LRC{ longitudinal redundancy check} and VRC{ Vertical Redundancy Check}

What are different ways to correct errors?

➢ Send additional information so incorrect data can be corrected and accepted.
➢ Error correction is the additional ability to reconstruct the original, error-free data.
There are two basic ways for an error correcting system
• Automatic Repeat-Request (ARQ)
• Forward Error Correction (FEC)

write a short note on: Cyclic Redundancy check (CRC).

Questions (4 marks)
Draw and explain the architecture of wireless LAN 802.11?
IEEE has defined the specifications for a wireless LAN, called IEEE 802.11, which covers the
physical and data link layers.
IEEE 802.11 defines two types of services which are
1) Basic Service Set (BSS)
2) Extended Service Set (ESS)

1) Basic Service Set (BSS)

IEEE 802.11 defines the basic service set (BSS) as the building block of a wireless LAN.
➢ The basic services set contain stationary or mobile wireless station and central base
station called access point (AP)
➢ The use of access point is optimal
➢ If the access point is not present, it is known as standalone network.
These types of architecture are known as Ad-Hoc architecture.
➢ The BSS in which an access point is present is known as infrastructure network.

2) Extended Service Set (ESS)

➢ An extended service set (ESS) is made up of two or more BSSs with APs.
➢ In this case, the BSSs are connected through a distribution system, which is usually a
wired LAN.
➢ The distribution system connects the APs in the BSSs. Note that the extended service
set uses two types of stations: mobile and stationary.
➢ The mobile stations are normal stations inside a BSS.
➢ The stationary stations are AP stations that are part of a wired LAN.
Extended service set (ESS)
When BSSs are connected, the stations within reach of one another can communicate
without the use of an AP. However, communication between two stations in two different
BSSs usually occurs via two APs.
Design and explain in brief architecture for a network using tree topology for an
office in a 3-storeys building.
A tree topology is a special type of structure in which many connected elements are
arranged like the branches of a tree
Here in the diagram the main switch is connected with three separate switches.
For each floor separate switch is connected with multiple terminals.

Explain any four factors to be considered while selecting a cable to establish a

network.
Compare different techniques of switching on the basis of Orientation, Flexibility,
Technology, and Layer.

Explain satellite communication with the help of neat diagram

1. Satellite is a manmade system which is kept in continuous rotation around the earth in a
specific orbit at a specific height above the earth and with specific speed.
2. In satellite communication, signal transferring between the sender and receiver is done
with the help of satellite.
3. In this process, the signal which is basically a beam of modulated microwaves is sent
towards the satellite called UPLINK (6 GHz).
4. Then the satellite amplifies the signal and sent it back to the receiver’s antenna present on
the earth’s surface called as DOWNLINK (4Ghz), as shown in the diagram given
5 . As the entire signal transferring is happening in space. Thus this type of communication
is known as space communication. The satellite does the functions of an antenna and the
repeater together. If the earth along with its ground stations is revolving and the satellite is
stationery, the sending and receiving earth stations and the satellite can be out of sync over
time.

6. Therefore Geosynchronous satellites are used which move at same RPM as that of the
earth in the same direction.

7. So the relative position of the ground station with respect to the satellite never changes.

8. However 3 satellites are needed to cover earth’s surface entirely.

Explain Bluetooth architecture technologies.

Bluetooth architecture defines two types of networks:
1. Piconet
2. Scatternet
1. Piconet
• Piconet is a Bluetooth network that consists of one primary (master) node and seven
active secondary (slave) nodes.
• Thus, piconet can have up to eight active nodes (1 master and 7 slaves) or stations within
the distance of 10 meters.
• There can be only one primary or master station in each piconet.
• The communication between the primary and the secondary can be one-to-one or one-to-
many.
• All communication is between master and a slave. Salve-slave communication is not
possible.
• In addition to seven active slave station, a piconet can have upto 255 parked nodes. These
parked nodes are secondary or slave stations and cannot take part in communication until
it is moved from parked state to active state.

2. Scatternet
• Scatternet is formed by combining various piconets.
• A slave in one piconet can act as a master or primary in other piconet.
• Such a station or node can receive messages from the master in the first piconet and
deliver the message to its slaves in other piconet where it is acting as master. This node is
also called bridge slave.
• Thus a station can be a member of two piconets.
• A station cannot be a master in two piconets.
Compare guided transmission and unguided transmission media

Select layer of OSI reference model in which following device operate: hub, bridge
,router , repeater , gateway , switch
Compare Hub & switch on the basis of layer, ports, device type, speed.
HUB SWITCH
Hub is operated on Physical While switch is operated on
layer of OSI model. Data link layer of OSI Model.
Hub have 4/12 ports. Switch can have 24 to 48 ports.
Hub is not an intelligent device While switch is an intelligent
that sends message to all ports device that sends message to
hence it is comparatively selected destination, so it is
inexpensive. Hub cannot be expensive. Switch can be used
used as a repeater as a repeater
Speed of original hub 10Mbps and Maximum speed is 10Mbps to
modern internet hub is 100Mbps 100Mbps.

Describe working of Mesh topology. Give its advantages and disadvantages.

Mesh Topology:
➢ In mesh topology, every device has a dedicated point-to-point link to every other device.
➢ The tern dedicated means that the link carries traffic only between the two devices it
connects.
➢ A mesh network has n(n-1)/2 physical channels to link n devices.
➢ Every device on the network must have n-1 input/output (I/O) ports.

Advantage
1. Less traffic.
2. Robust.
3. Secure.
4. Easy Fault isolation
Disadvantage
1. Need more resource (cable and ports).
2. Expensive
Example: Telephone regional offices.