Grade X : Biology Control and coordination

Assertion Reason Practice Question for Unit test -2 (2024-2025)

(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false. (d) A is false but R is true.

1. Assertion: Insulin regulates blood sugar level.

(R): Insufficient secretion of insulin will cause diabetes.

2. Assertion (A): Animals can react to stimuli in different ways.

Reason (R) : All animals have a nervous system and an endocrine system involving hormones.

3. Assertion (A): The effect of auxin hormone on the growth of root is exactly opposite to that on a stem.
Reason (R): Auxin hormone increases the rate of growth in root and decreases the rate of growth in stem.

4. Assertion (A): A receptor is a specialized group of cells in a sense organ that perceive a particular type of
stimulus.
Reason (R): Different sense organs have different receptors for detecting stimuli.

5. Assertion (A): Cyton region of nerve fibre collects information for the brain.
Reason (R): Nerve fibres can either have or lack myelin sheath.

6. Assertion (A): The brain is also known as the central nervous system.
Reason (R): Central nervous system controls and regulates the voluntary actions.

7. Assertion (A): The spinal nerves are 31 in number.

Reason (R): Spinal nerves only have sensory neurons in them

8. Assertion: Transmission of the nerve impulse across a synapse is accomplished by neurotransmitters.

Reason: Transmission across a synapse usually requires neurotransmitters because there is small space i.e.
synaptic cleft, that seperates one neuron from another.

9. Assertion: Medulla oblongata causes reflex actions like vomiting, coughing and sneezing
Reason: It has many nerve cells which control autonomic reflexes.

10. Assertion: After hearing a sound, nerve impulse passes from neurons to the brain.
Reason: The neurons which pass nerve impulses from the body organ to the brain is called afferent neuron.

11. Assertion: Cerebrospinal fluid is present throughout the central nervous system.
Reason: CSF has no such function.
12. Assertion : All motor neurons are efferent neurons.
Reason : Motor neurons conduct nerve impulses from the spinal cord to the brain.

13. Assertion : Tonque is a gustatoreceptor .

Reason : Receptors for gustatory sensations are located in the taste bud .

14.Assertion : Nerve fibre can become excited through touch , smell , pressure and chemical changes and
there is a change in polarity .
Reason : It is called active potential

15. Assertion: Gustatory receptors detect taste.

Reason: Olfactory receptors are present in cerebellum.

16. Assertion: Cytokinins are in highest concentration in fruits and seeds.

Reason: Cytokinins are responsible for promoting cell division.

17. Assertion: Abscisic acid is responsible for wilting of leaves. Reason: It is a growth inhibitor.

18. Assertion (A) : Phototropism is caused by auxin.

Reason (R) : When light is coming from one side of the plant, auxin diffuses towards the shady side of the
shoot.

19. Assertion (A) : Abscisic acid is a stress hormone.

Reason (R) : Stimulation of ABA occurs in adverse conditions.

20. Assertion (A) : Nerve impulse is a one way conduction.

Reason (R) : Nerve impulse is transmitted from dendrite to axon terminals.

21. Assertion (A) : Our body maintains blood sugar level.

Reason (R) : Pancreas secretes insulin which helps to regulate blood sugar levels in the body.

22. Assertion (A) : Failure of secretion of growth hormone from an early age causes dwarfism in the patient.
Reason (R) : Growth hormone stimulates the body growth and elongation of long bones.

23. Assertion (A) : Males have more stature than femlaes during puberty.
Reason (R) : This is because of presence of thyroxin in the blood of females.

24. Assertion (A): Amount and timing of hormones released are regulated by feedback mechanisms.
Reason (R): Hypersecretion or hyposecretion of any hormone has a harmful effect on our body.

25. Assertion: Reflex arc works faster than the thinking process of the brain
.[1] Reason: Reflex Arc works in case of those animals that do not have thinking process.

26. Assertion(A) - Senescence can be delayed in plants by applying cytokinin.

Reason(R) - Cytokinin prevents breakdown of chlorophyll, proteins and so on.

27. Assertion(A) - Sunflower plant has long internodes with leaves that are far apart.
Reason(R) - Sunflower produces gibberlins for its growth.

28. Assertion(A) - A person has lost most of his/her intelligence, memory and judgement.
Reason(R) - The person has undergone an operation of a tumour located in the cerebrum.

29. Assertion :The sight, smell and presence of food in the oral cavity can stimulate secretion of saliva.
Reason: The activities of the gastro-intestinal tract are only under neural control for proper coordination of
different parts.

30. Assertion: Motor neurons are efferent neurons.

Reason: Motor neurons conduct nerve impulses from effector organs to the brain.

31 Assertion :Seismonastic movement shown by 'Touch me not' or Mimosa pudica plant.

Reason: It is due to change in turgdity of cells of the pulvinus.

32. Assertion : The brainstem contains centres for controlling activities.

Reason: Brainstem is very sensitive.

33. Assertion (A): Stimulus is interpreted by the brain and not by sense organs.
Reason (R): Sense organs act as transducers, transforming the stimulus energy.

34. Assertion: Plants have hormones called phytohormones.

Reason: They always increase the rate of reactions &thus always accelerate growth and other related changes.

35. Assertion :Auxins help to prevent fruits and leaves drop at early stages.
Reason: Auxins promote the abscission of older mature leaves and fruits.

36. Assertion : Plants usually bend towards the source of light

Reason :Shoot apex shows positive phototropism because of differential growth caused due to unequal
distribution of auxin.

37. Assertion (A): Phototropism is caused by auxin.

Reason (R): When light is coming from one side of the plant, auxin diffuses towards the shady side of the
shoot.

38. Assertion : Gibberellins induce flowering in long day plants.

Reason : Genetically tall plant become dwarf by application of Gibberellin.
39. Assertion: Phytohormones are the plant compounds that can promote and inhibit the plant growth.
Reason: There are some phytohormones like auxin, cytokinins which play a role in plant growth and some
phytohormones like abscisic acid which inhibit the plant growth.

40. Assertion : Cytokinin are antisenescent.

Reason : Effects of cytokinins is antagonistic to ethylene.

41. Assertion (A): Abscisic acid is a stress hormone.

Reason (R): Stimulation of ABA occurs in adverse conditions.

42. Assertion :Ethylene induces ripening.

Reason: Ethylene is a gaseous hormone

43. Assertion: Ethylene helps the plants to increase their absorption surface.
Reason: Ethylene promotes root growth and root hair formation.

44. Assertion:- Plants show both tropic nastic responses.

Reason:- Nastic response are of one type always whereas tropic response are towards or away from stimulus.

45. Assertion: "Touch" responses in Mimosa is an example of nastic movement.

Reason : Nastic movements occur in the direction of stimulus.

46. Assertion : Phototropism is a directional growth movement.

Reason : Phototrophic movement occur in the direction of light

47. Assertion: Estrogen produces wide ranging actions such as stimulation of growth and activities of female
secondary sex organs, appearance of female secondary sex characters, development of growing ovarian
follicles and mammary gland development.
Reason: Progesterone acts on the mammary glands and stimulates the formation of alveoli (sac-like structure
which store milk) and milk secretion.

48. Assertion :Adrenaline is called an emergency hormone. Reason: It acts on the cells of skeletal, cardiac,
smooth muscles, blood vessels and fat cells.

49. Assertion: The dietary deficiency of iodine causes goitre.

Reason: Reduced iodine intake decreases thyroxine production.

50 Assertion [A]: Glucagon lowers the blood sugar level

Reason [R]: Glucagon increases the cellular uptake of glucose.

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Answer key
1. A Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

2. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

3 (c) A is true but R is false.

4 (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

5. (d) A is false but R is true.

6. (d) A is false but R is true.

7. . (c) A is true but R is false.

8. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

9.(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

10(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

11. (c) A is true but R is false.

12. (c) A is true but R is false.

13. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

14.(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

15(c) A is true but R is false.

16. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

17. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

18. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

20. (c) A is true but R is false.

21(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

22(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

23. (c) A is true but R is false.

24. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

25. (c) A is true but R is false.

26. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

27. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

28. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
29. (c) A is true but R is false.

30. (c) A is true but R is false.

31. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

32. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
33(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

34. (c) A is true but R is false.

35. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

36. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

37. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

38. (c) A is true but R is false.

39. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

40. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

41. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

42. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
43. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

44. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

45. (c) A is true but R is false.

46. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
47. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

48. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

49. (b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

50. Both A and R are false.