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Class 09 - Mathematics
Statistics - 01

1. In a bar graph if 1 cm represents 30 km, then the length of bar needed to represent 75 km is
a. 3.5 cm
b. 2.5 cm
c. 2 cm
d. 3 cm
2. In a histogram the area of each rectangle is proportional to
a. the class size of the corresponding class interval
b. cumulative frequency of the corresponding class interval
c. the class mark of the corresponding class interval
d. frequency of the corresponding class interval
3. Following table shows a frequency distribution for the speed of cars passing through at a particular
spot on a high way :
Class interval km/h Frequency

30-40 3
40-50 6
50-60 25

60-70 6
50-60 25
60-70 65

70-0 14
Draw the frequency polygon representing the above data without drawing the histogram.
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4. The frequency distribution
Marks 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-100

Number of students 10 15 20 25
has been represented graphically as follows :

Do you think this representation is correct? Why?

5. The following table gives the route length (in thousand kilometres) of the Indian Railways in some of
the years:

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Year 1960-61 1970-71 1980-81 1990-91 2000-2001

Route length (in

56 60 61 74 98
thousand km)
Represent the above data with the help of a bar graph.
6. The distribution of weights (in kg) of 100 people is given below:
Weight (in kg) 40-45 45-50 50-55 55-60 60-65 65-70 70-75 Total
Frequency 13 25 28 15 12 5 2 100
Construct a histogram and frequency polygon for the above data.
7. The following table gives the distribution of IQ (intelligence quotient) of 60 pupils of Class VIII in a
School :
IQ 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100 100-110 110-120 120-130 Total

Number of pupils 2 3 5 16 14 13 7 60
Draw a frequency polygon for the above data.
8. The following data shows the average age of men in various countries in a certain year:
Country India Nepal China Pakistan U.K. U.S.A.
Average age
55 52 60 50 70 75
(in years)
Represent the above information by a bar graph.
9. The marks scored by 750 students in an examination are given in the form of a frequency
distribution table.
Marks: 600-640 640-680 680-720 720-760 760-800 800-840 840-880
No. of
16 45 156 284 172 59 18
Students:
Represent this data in the form of a histogram and construct a frequency polygon.
10. The monthly profits (in Rs) of 100 shops are distributed as follows:
Profits per
0-50 50-100 100-50 150-200 200-250 250-300
shop:
No. of shops: 12 18 27 20 17 6
Draw a histogram for the data and show the frequency polygon for it.
11. Below are the scores of two groups of Class IV students on a test of reading ability :

Class interval Group A Group B

50-52 4 2
47-49 10 3

44-46 15 4
41-43 18 8
38-40 20 12

35-37 12 17
32-34 13 22

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Total 92 68
Construct a frequency polygon for each of these groups on the same axes.
12. The following data gives the amount of manure (in thousand tonnes) manufactured by a company
during some years:
Year 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997
Manure
(in thousand 15 35 45 30 40 20
tonnes)
i. Represent the above data with the help of a bar graph.
ii. Indicate with the help of the bar graph the year in which the amount of manufactured by the
company was maximum.
iii. Choose the correct alternative :
The consecutive years during which there was maximum decrease in manure production are:
a. 1994 and 1995
b. 1992 and 1993
c. 1996 and 1997
d. 1995 and 1996
13. The lengths of 62 leaves of a plant are measured in millimetres and the data is represented in the
following table:
Length (in mm) Number of leaves
118 - 126 8
127 - 135 10

136 - 144 12
144 - 153 17
154 - 162 7

163 - 171 5
172 - 180 3
Draw a histogram to represent the data above.
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14. Read the bar graph given in Figure and answer the following questions:

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i. What information does it give?
ii. In which part the expenditure on education is maximum in 1980?
iii. In which part the expenditure has gone up from 1980 to 1990?
iv. In which part the gap between 1980 and 1990 is maximum?
15. The following table gives the distribution of students of two sections according to the marks
obtained by them:
Section A Section B
Marks Frequency Marks Frequency

0-10 3 0-10 5

10-20 9 10-20 19
20-30 17 20-30 15

30-40 12 30-40 10

40-50 9 40-50 1
Represent the marks of the students of both the sections on the same graph by frequency polygons.

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Class 09 - Mathematics
Statistics - 01

Solution

1. (b) 2.5 cm
Explanation: 1 cm = 30 km
So for 75 km
75

30
= 2.5 cm
2. (d) frequency of the corresponding class interval
Explanation: A histogram is a display of statistical information that uses rectangles to show the
frequency of data items in successive numerical intervals of equal size. In the most common form of
histogram, the independent variable is plotted along the horizontal axis and the dependent variable
is plotted along the vertical axis.
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3. The frequency polygon is given below.

4. It is clear from figure that This represesntatation is not correct. The classes 0-20, 20-40, 40-60 and
60-100 are not of uniform width but of varying widths.

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5. A bar graph of given data shown below,

6.

7.

8. To represent the given data by a vertical bar graph, we first draw horizontal and vertical axes. Let
us consider that the horizontal and vertical axes represent the years and the amount of loan in
Crores of rupees respectively. We have to draw 5 bars of different lengths given in the table.
At first, we mark 5 points in the horizontal axis at equal distances and erect rectangles of the same
width at these points. The heights of the rectangles are proportional to the amount of loan
disbursed by the bank.

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(1) The vertical bar graph of the average age of men in various countries in a certain year is

9. In Figure, a histogram and a frequency table of the above frequency distribution are drawn on the
same scale.

To construct a frequency polygon without using the histogram of a given frequency distribution, we
use the following algorithm.
STEP-I: Obtain the frequency distribution.
STEP-II: Compute the mid-points of class intervals i.e. class marks.
STEP-III: Represent class marks on X-axis on a suitable scale.
STEP-IV: Represent frequencies on Y-axis on a suitable scale.
STEP-V: Plot the points, where x denotes class mark and f corresponding frequency.
STEP-VI: Join the points plotted in step V by line segments.
STEP-VII: Take two class intervals of zero frequency, one at the beginning and the other at the end.
Obtain their mid-points.
These classes are known as imagined classes.
STEP-VIII: Complete the frequency polygon by joining the mid-points of first and last class intervals
to the mid-points of the imagined classes adjacent to them.

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10. Monthly profits (in Rs) of 100 shops

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11. Frequency polygon for group A and B representing the scores of two groups of Class IV students in a
test of reading ability.

Let us convert the given distributions in such a manner that the intervals are continuous. It is shown
below

Class interval Group A Group B

49.5-52.5 4 2
46.5-49.5 10 3
43.5-46.5 15 4

40.5-43.5 18 8
37.5-40.5 20 12
34.5-37.5 12 17

31.5-34.5 13 22
Total 92 68

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12. i. The bar graph is given below.

ii. Max. is shown by yellow colour.

iii. (c) 1996 and 1997

13. The given table is in inclusive form. So, we will first convert it into an exclusive from as given below:
Length (in mm) Number of leaves
117.5 – 126.5 8
126.5 – 135.5 10
135.5 – 144.5 12
144.5 – 153.5 17
153.5 – 162.5 7
162.5 – 171.5 5
171.5 – 180.5 3
A histogram for this table is shown in the figure given below:

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14. From the bar diagram,we have the following observations:
i. It gives information about the public expenditure on education by various states subcontinents.
ii. In Africa, the expenditure on education is maximum in 1980.
iii. In East Africa the expenditure has gone by from 1980-90
iv. In Africa the gap between 1980 and 1990 is the maximum.
15. For section A
Classes Class-Marks Frequency
0-10 5 3

10-20 15 9
20-30 25 17
30-40 35 12

40-50 45 9
For section B
Classes Class-Marks Frequency
0-10 5 5

10-20 15 19
20-30 25 15
30-40 35 10

40-50 45 1

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