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Class 09 - Mathematics
Quadrilaterals - 01

1. If ∠A, ∠B, ∠C and ∠D of a quadrilateral ABCD, taken in order, are in the ratio 3 : 7 : 6 : 4 then
ABCD is a
a. kite
b. rhombus
c. trapezium
d. parallelogram
2. In given figure, ABCD is a parallelogram, M is the mid-point of BD and BM bisects ∠B. Then, ∠AMB
=

a. 80°
b. 10°
c. 90°
d. 100°
3. In figure, ABCD and AEFG are both parallelograms if ∠C = 80°, then ∠DGF is

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a. 60°
b. 80°
c. 120°
d. 100°
4. M,N and P are the mid-points of AB, AC and BC res. If MN = 3 cm, NP = 3.5 cm and MP = 2.5 cm,
calculate BC, AB and AC

a. 2cm, 3cm, 11cm

b. 5cm, 6cm, 7cm
c. 5cm, 6cm, 8cm

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d. 9cm, 8cm, 11cm
5. In fig if DE = 8 cm, DE ∥ BC and D is the mid-Point of AB, then the true statement is

a. E is the mid-Point of AC
b. AB = BC
c. DE = BC
d. DE and BC meet at some point if we extend both of them indefinitely.
6. In the given figure, ABCD is a parallelogram. Find x and y

7. ABCD is a parallelogram. If its diagonals are equal, then find the value of ∠ABC.
8. Can all the angles of a quadrilateral be right angles? Give reason for your answer.
9. The sides BA and DC of quad. ABCD is produced as shown in fig. Prove that a + b = x + y

10. In figures given below, ABCD is a rectangle. Find the values of x and y:

11. The angles of a quadrilateral are in the ratio 3:5:9:13. Find all the angles of the quadrilateral.
1 1
12. In figure D is mid-points of AB. P is on AC such that PC = 2 AP and DE ∥ BP, then show that AE = 3 AC.

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13. Show that is diagonals of a quadrilateral bisect each other at right angles, then it is a rhombus.
14. Show that the quadrilateral formed by joining the midpoints of the pairs of adjacent sides of a
square is a square.
15. Show the diagonals of a square are equal and bisect each other at right angles.

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Class 09 - Mathematics
Quadrilaterals - 01

Solution

1. (c) trapezium
Explanation: Let the angles be 3x, 7x, 6x, 4x
then 3x + 7x + 6x + 4x = 360
360
x= 20
= 18
so angles are
54o, 126o, 108o & 72o
hence it is a trapezium
2. (c) 90°
Explanation: ABCD is a parallelogram. BD is the diagonal and M is the mid point of BD. BD is a
bisector of ∠B.
We know that, diagonals of the parallelogram bisect each other.
∴ M is the mid point of AC.
AB ∥ CD and BD is the transversal,
∴ ∠ABD = ∠BDC ...(1) (Alternate interior angles)
∠ABD = ∠DBC ...(2) (Given)
From (1) and (2), we get
∠BDC = ∠DBC
In Δ BCD,
∠BDC = ∠DBC
⇒ BC = CD ...(3) (In a triangle, equal angles have equal sides opposite to them)
AB = CD and BC = AD ...(4) (Opposite sides of the parallelogram are equal)
From (3) and (4), we get
AB = BC = CD = DA
∴ ABCD is a rhombus.
⇒ ∠AMB = 90° (Diagonals of rhombus are perpendicular to each other)
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3. (b) 80°
Explanation: As angle A = 80° opposite angles of a parallelogram are equal and angle DGF = 80° as GF
is parallel to AB, corresponding angles are equal.
4. (b) 5cm, 6cm, 7cm
Explanation: AB = 7 cm ( by mid-point theorm )
AC = 5 cm ( by mid-point theorm )
BC = 6 cm ( by mid-point theorm )
5. (a) E is the mid-Point of AC
Explanation: By the converse of Mid Point Theorem, which states that," If a line segment is drawn
passing through the midpoint of any one side of a triangle and parallel to another side, then the line
segment bisects the remaining third side.

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6. AB‖DC (Opposite sides of parallelogram)
∴ 8y = 32o and 3x = 27o (Alternate angles)
⇒ y = 4o and x =9o
7. As diagonals of the parallelogram ABCD are equal, hence it is a rectangle. We know that, each angle
of the rectangle is 90° .
∴ ∠ABC = 90o
8. Yes the angles of the quadrilateral can be right angles because the angle sum of a quadrilateral is
360o.
9. From the given figure,we have
b + ∠1 = 180o (Linear pair)
∠1 = 180o - b ...(i)
Again a + ∠2 = 180o (Linear pair)
∠2 = 180o - a ...(ii)
But ∠1 + x+ y + ∠2 = 360o (Angle sum property of quad.)
180o - b + x + y + 180o - a = 360o [From (i) and (ii)]
x+y=a+b
10. Here, ABCD is rectangle.
We know that the diagonals of a rectangle are congruent and bisect each other.
∴ In △AOB, we have OA = OB
This means that △AOB is isosceles triangle.
We know that base angles of isosceles triangle are equal.
1
∴ ∠​OAB = ∠OBA = × (180o - 110o) = 35o
2
∴ ​y = ∠BAC = 35° … alternate angles with transversal AC
Also, x = 90o - y … [ ∵ ∠C = 90o = x + y]
∴ ​x = 90o - 35o = 55o
Hence, x = 55o and y = 35°
11. Suppose angles of quadrilateral ABCD are 3x, 5x, 9x, and 13x.
We know that,
∠A + ∠B + ∠C + ∠D = 360o [sum of angles of a quadrilateral is 360o]
or, 3x+5x+9x+13x=360o
or, 30x = 360o
or, x = 12o
Now putting the value of x , we get,
∴ ∠A = 3x = 3 × 12 = 36o
∠B = 5x = 5 × 12 = 60o
∠C = 9x = 9 × 12 = 108o
∠D = 13x = 13 × 12 = 156o
12. In △ABP
D is mid points of AB and DE ∥ BP
∴ E is midpoint of AP
∴ AE = EP
Therefore,AP=2AE

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1
Also PC = 2
AP
2PC = AP
2PC = 2AE
⇒ PC = AE
∴ AE = PE = PC
∴ AC = AE + EP + PC
AC = AE + AE + AE
1
⇒ AE = AC
3
Hence Proved.
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13. Given: Let ABCD is a quadrilateral.
Let its diagonal AC and BD bisect each other at right angle at point O.

∴ OA = OC, OB = OD
And ∠AOB = ∠BOC = ∠COD = ∠AOD = 90 ∘
To prove: ABCD is a rhombus.
Proof: In △AOD and △ BOC,
OA = OC [Given]
∠AOD = ∠BOC [Given]
OB = OD [Given]
∴ △AOD ≅ △COB [By SAS congruency]
⇒ AD = CB [By C.P.C.T.]……….(i)
Again, In △AOB and △COD,
OA = OC [Given]
∠ AOB = ∠COD [Given]
OB = OD [Given]
∴ △AOB ≅ △COD [By SAS congruency]
⇒ AB = CD [By C.P.C.T.]……….(ii)
Now In △AOB and △BOC,
OA = OC [Given]
∠ AOB = ∠BOC [Given]
OB = OB [Common]
∴ △AOB ≅ △COB [By SAS congruency]
⇒ AB = BC [By C.P.C.T.]……….(iii)
From eq. (i), (ii) and (iii),
AD = BC = CD = AB

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And the diagonals of quadrilateral ABCD bisect each other at right angle.
Therefore, ABCD is a rhombus.

14.

Let ABCD be the square and P, Q, R and S be the midpoints of AB, BC, CD and DA, respectively.
Join diagonals of the square.
In △ABC, we have, by midpoint theorem,
1
∴ PQ | | AC and PQ = AC
2
1
Similarly, SR | | AC and SR = AC.
2
As, PQ | | AC and SR | | AC, then also PQ ∣∣ SR
1
Also, PQ = SR, each equal to 2
AC …(1)
So, PQRS is a parallelogram
Now, in △SAP and △QBP, we have,
AS = BQ
∠A = ∠B = 90°
AP = BP
∴ By SAS test of congruency,
△SAP ≅ △QBP​
Hence, PS = PQ …by cpct …(2)
Similarly, △SDR ≅ △QCR
∴ SR = RQ … by cpct …(3)
Hence, from 1, 2 and 3 we have,
PQ = PQ = SR = RQ
We know that the diagonals of a square bisect each other at right angles.
∴ ∠EOF = 90o
​Now, RQ | | DB
⇒ RE | | FO
Also, SR | | AC
⇒ FR | | OE
∴ OERF is a parallelogram.
So, ∠FRE = ∠EOF = 90o​(Opposite angles are equal)
Thus, PQRS is a parallelogram with ∠R = 90o and PQ = PS = SR = RQ.
This means that PQRS is square.
Hence, the quadrilateral formed by joining the midpoints of the pairs of adjacent sides of a square is
a square.

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15. Given: A square ABCD.

To Prove : (i) AC = BD and (ii) Diagonals bisect each other at right angles.
Proof :
i. In △ADB and △BCA, we have
AD = BC ...[As sides of a square are equal]
∠BAD = ∠ABC ...[All interior angles are of 90o]
AB = BA ...[Common]
△ADB ≅ △BCA ...[By SAS rule]
AC = BD ...[c.p.c.t.]
ii. Now in △AOB and △COD, we have
AB = CD ...[Sides of a square]
∠AOB = ∠COD ...[Vertically opp. angles]
∠OBA = ∠ODC ...[Alternate interior angles are equal]
△AOB ≅ △COD ...[By ASA rule]
OA = OC and OB = OD ...[c.p.c.t.] ...(1)
Now consider △s AOD and COD.
AD = CD ...[Sides of square]
OA = OC ...[As proved above]
OD = OD ...[Common]
△AOD ≅ △COD ...[By SSS rule]
∠AOD = ∠COD ...[c.p.c.t.]
But ∠AOD + ∠COD = 180° ...[linear pair]
or ∠AOD + ∠AOD = 180° ...[As ∠AOD = ∠COD]
or 2∠AOD = 180° ∴ ∠AOD = 90° ...(2)
From equation (1) and (2) it is clear that diagonals of a square bisect each other at right angles.

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