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Database Management System

Basic Knowledge on DBMS

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5 views

Database Management System

Basic Knowledge on DBMS

Uploaded by

wiredtrovert
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is a Database Management System

A database management system (DBMS) is a software application that enables users to create,
manage, and interact with databases. It provides an interface for users to store, retrieve,
update, and analyze data efficiently. DBMS also ensures data integrity, security, and
consistency, and offers various features for data manipulation and administration. It acts as an
intermediary between the user and the database, allowing users to access and manage data
without having to navigate the underlying data structures directly.
5 commonly used DBMS
• MySQL
• MongoDB
• PostgreSQL
• Oracle Database
• Microsoft SQL Server
Five (5) key components of a database system
1. Data: The data component of a database management system refers to the actual
information stored within the database. This includes structured data such as tables, records,
and fields, as well as unstructured data such as documents, images, and multimedia files.

2. Database: The database component is the collection of related data organized into a
structured format that can be easily accessed, managed, and manipulated. Databases typically
consist of tables or collections that store data in a structured manner to facilitate efficient data
retrieval and storage.

3. Database Engine: The database engine component of a DBMS is the core software that
directly interacts with the data stored in the database. It manages data storage, retrieval,
updating, and indexing, as well as enforces data integrity constraints, security policies, and
transaction management within the database.

4. Database Schema: The database schema component defines the structure of the database,
including the organization of data into tables, relationships between tables, constraints, and
indexes. It serves as a blueprint for how data is stored, queried, and manipulated within the
database.
5. Query Processor: The query processor component of a DBMS is responsible for processing
user queries and generating the most efficient execution plan to retrieve data from the
database. It optimizes query performance through query optimization techniques such as
indexing, join strategies, and query rewriting to ensure fast and accurate data retrieval

Five (5) reasons why normalization is important in database management


1. Data Integrity: Normalization helps reduce data redundancy and inconsistency by organizing
data into separate tables, thereby ensuring that each piece of information is stored in only one
place. This helps in maintaining data integrity and accuracy.

2. Efficient Data Retrieval: Normalized databases are structured in a way that ensures data is
stored logically, making it easier to retrieve specific information without having to search
through redundant or duplicate data. This can improve query performance and reduce data
retrieval time.

3. Space Efficiency: By eliminating redundant data through normalization, databases require


less storage space, which helps in optimizing storage resources and reducing storage costs.

4. Flexibility and Scalability: Normalized databases are more flexible and scalable as changes to
the database schema can be easily accommodated without affecting the entire database
structure. This makes it easier to adapt to changing data requirements and business needs.

5. Ease of Maintenance: Normalization simplifies database maintenance tasks such as


updating, inserting, and deleting data by reducing data redundancy and improving data
organization. This makes it easier to manage and maintain the integrity of the database over
time.

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