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    Farm Tractor

    Uploaded by

    hidielyn gammad
    for ag eng 11

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Farm Tractor

    Uploaded by

    hidielyn gammad
    4 views22 pages
    for ag eng 11

    Original Title

    FARM TRACTOR

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    for ag eng 11

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4 views22 pages

    Farm Tractor

    Uploaded by

    hidielyn gammad
    for ag eng 11

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 22

    FARM

    TRACTOR
    The tractor is a self-propelled power unit
    having wheels or tracks for operating
    agricultural implements and machines
    including trailers.
    - the ability of a machine or vehicle to
    move itself without external assistance
    CLASSIFICATION OF TRACTORS
    1. WHEEL TRACTOR:
    - It has 3 of four pneumatic wheel

    Use of compressed air or gas


    CLASSIFICATION OF TRACTORS

    (II) CRAWLER TRACTOR:


    - This is also called a track-type tractor or
    chain-type tractor.
    In such tractors, there is an endless chain or
    track in place of pneumatic wheels.
    CLASSIFICATION OF TRACTORS

    (III). POWER TILLER


    A power tiller is a walking-type tractor.
    The direction of travel and its controls for
    field operation are performed by the operator,
    walking behind the tractor.
    ❑ Three Classification of Wheeled Tractor
    (a)GENERAL-PURPOSE TRACTOR:
    - It is used for major farm operations; such as
    plowing, harrowing, sowing, harvesting,
    and transporting work.
    Such tractors have ;
    (i) low ground clearance
    (ii) increased engine power
    (iii) good adhesion and
    (iv) wide tires
    ❑ Three Classification of Wheeled Tractor
    (b) ROW CROP TRACTOR:
    - It is used for crop cultivation.
    - specifically designed for use in row-crop
    farming systems
    ❑ Three Classification of Wheeled Tractor

    (c) SPECIAL PURPOSE


    TRACTOR:
    - It is used for definite jobs like cotton
    fields, marshy land, hillsides, gardens etc.
    Special designs are there for special-
    purpose tractors.
    ❑ Vineyard and Orchard Tractors:
    These tractors are designed for use in
    vineyards and orchards where rows of
    crops are closely spaced.
    ❑ High-clearance Tractors:
    - designed to navigate over tall crops,
    such as maize (corn) or cotton,
    without damaging them.
    ❑ Narrow-track Tractors:
    - designed for use in confined spaces or on
    narrow roads and pathways.
    - They have a compact design with narrow
    wheelbases to maneuver through tight
    spaces ..
    ❑ Utility Tractors:
    - versatile machines designed for a wide range
    of tasks on farms, construction sites, and other
    industrial settings.
    ❑ Specialized Agricultural Tractors:
    - designed for specific agricultural tasks, such
    as transplanting rice seedlings, spraying
    pesticides in rice paddies, or harvesting
    specialized crops like sugarcane.
    ESTIMATING FARM
    POWER & MACHINERY
    COSTS
    Machinery Costs Farm machinery
    costs can be divided into two
    categories:
    (i) annual ownership costs
    i.e. Fixed cost, which occurs regardless of
    machine use,
    (ii) operating costs, which vary directly
    with the amount of machine use.
    1. Ownership costs (also called fixed
    costs) include depreciation, interest
    (opportunity cost), taxes, insurance, and
    housing facilities.
    A. Depreciation
    - is a cost resulting from wear,
    obsolescence, and age of a machine.

    𝑷𝑷 − 𝑺𝑽
    Depreciation =
    𝑨𝑮𝑬
    B. Interest
    For the example, we will assume an
    average interest rate (i) of 8-10 percent.

    𝑃𝑃+𝑆𝑉 𝑖
    Interest = 𝑥
    2 100
    C. Taxes and Insurance
    - This cost usually is much smaller than
    depreciation and interest, but they
    need to be considered.
    - A cost estimate equal to 1.0 percent
    of the purchase price often is used.
    D. Housing
    - Providing shelter, tools, and maintenance
    equipment for machinery will result in
    fewer repairs in the field and less
    deterioration of mechanical parts and
    appearance from weathering.
    - That should produce greater reliability in
    the field and a higher trade-in
    2. Operating costs (also called variable
    costs) include repairs and maintenance, fuel,
    lubrication, and operator labor.

    Total Operating Cost


    - Repair, fuel, lubrication, and labor costs are
    added to calculate total operating cost.
    EXAMPLE

    - The example uses a 15-


    horsepower diesel power tiller
    with a list price of 150,000. An
    economic life of 10 years is
    assumed, and the tiller is expected
    to be used 500 hours per year.
    Assumption :
    • Salvage value (SV): 10%
    • Interest rate: 10 %
    • Insurance & taxes: 1% of PP
    • Housing: 1 % of PP
    • Fuel consumption: 1lit/hour
    • Fuel Cost = 50 per lit
    • Lubrication cost: 150 per lit
    • Lubrication consumption: 5% of fuel
    • Repair and Maintenance: 5-8 %
    • Labour: 50 per hour

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