GEOMETRY

Polygon (cgqHkqt)
A polygon is a ‘n’ sided closed figure formed Diagonal of a polygon/cgqHkqt dk fod.kZ
by line segments.
If you join any 2 (non-adjacent) vertex of a
cgqHkqt] js[kk[kaMksa n}kjk
Hkqtkvksa
cuk }kjk cuh can polygon then that is a diagonal.
vkÑfr gksrh gSA ;fn ge fdlh cgqHkqt ds nks vlaxr 'kh"kks± dks feyk,¡ rks
;g fod.kZ dgykrk gSA
Regular Polygon/le cgqHkqt  No. of diagonals in a polygon of n sides
A polygon in which :/,slk cgqHkqt ftlesa n Hkqtkvksa okys cgqHkqt ds fod.kks± dh la[;k
all sides are equal/lHkh Hkqtk,¡ cjkcj gksa n (n  3)

r
all angles are equal/lHkh dks.k cjkcj gksa =
2
, n> 3

si
 Sum of all internal angles of a polygon of n  Area of a regular polygon of n sides where
sides = (n – 2) 180° a2 180

an by
n Hkqtkvksa okys cgqHkqt ds lHkh vkarfjd dks.kksa
;ksxiQy= (n – 2) 180°
dk of each side is a : n 4 cot n
length

n Hkqtkvksa okys le cgqHkqt dk {ks=kiQy tgk¡ izR;sd Hk

n
 Sum of all exterior angles of a polygon of n
sides = 360°
n Hkqtkvksa okys cgqHkqt ds lHkh oká dks.kksa dk ;ksxiQy a2 180
ja dh yackbZ a gS %n cot
R s
= 360° 4 n
 Each interior angle of a regular polygon of n  Perimeter of regular polygon =n×a
a th

(n  2)180 le cgqHkqt dk ifjeki= n × a

sides =
n where a is the length of the side
n Hkqtkvksa okys cgqHkqt dk izR;sd vkarfjd dks.k tgk¡n Hkqtk dh yackbZ gSA
ty a

(n  2)180  No. of side in a regular polygon

=
n le cgqHkqt esa Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k
di M

 Each exterior angle of a regular polygon of

360º
360 = = 2(x  1)
n sides = exterior angle
n
360 interior angle
n Hkqtkvksa okys cgqHkqt dk izR;sd oká= dks.k where x =
exterior angle
n

No. of Name of Sum of all Sum of all No. of Regular polygon

Sides Polygon interior exertior angles diagonals
(n) angles Name Each Each
Interior exterior
A

3 Triangle 180º 360º 0 Eq.D 60º 120º

4 Quadrilateral 360º 360º 2 Square 90º 90º
5 Pentagon 540º 360º 5 Regular 108º 72º
Pentagon
6 hexagon 720º 360º 9 Regular 120º 60º
Hexagon
n (n  3) (n  2)180º 360º
n (n 2) 180º 360º
2 n n

[1]
 Ratio of the measure of an interior angle Star/flrkjk
of a polygon of n-sides to the measure of
Star is formed by extendending sides of a
n  regular polygan.
its exterior angle is given by  – 1 : 1
2 le cgqHkqt dh Hkqtkvksa dks c<+kus ij flrkjk curk
gSA
n Hkqtk okys le cgqHkqt ds var% vkSj oká dks.kksa
Sum of outer angle /oká dks.kksa dk ;ksxiQy
n  = n × 180 – two times sum of exterior angle
dh eki dk vuqikr =  2 – 1 : 1
= n × 180 – 2 × 36
 If each interior angle of a regular polygon = 180(n – 4)
of n sides is m times it exterior angle, Where n be the number of outer triangles
then number of sides of the polygon (n) = in star.
2 (m + 1). tgk¡ n oká f=kHkqtksa dh la[;k gSA
;fn n Hkqtkvksa okys ,d le cgqHkqt dk çR;sd vkarfjd
dks.k] cká dks.k lsm xquk gS] rks cgqHkqt dh Hkqtkvksa

r
dh la[;k (n) = 2 (m + 1) gSA

si
 If the sum of the interior angles of a regular
polygon of n sides is m times the sum of

an by
its exterior angle, then number of sides of
the polygon (n) = 2 (m + 1). (I) n = 6 (I) n = 5

n
;fn n Hkqtkvksa okys ,d le cgqHkqt ds vkarfjd
Ex. Find the value of P + Q + R + S +
dks.kksa dk ;ksx mlds cká dks.k ds ;ksxm dk T in the given figure :
fn;s x;s vkÑfr esaP + Q + R + S + T
ja
xquk gS] rks cgqHkqt dh Hkqtkvksa(n)dh =la[;k
R s
2 (m + 1) dk eku Kkr dhft,A
a th

 The difference between the each interior T S

and each exterior angles of a regular
polygon of n sides is given by
ty a

o
 n – 4  
  n  ×180  R
 
di M

P
n Hkqtkvksa okys ,d le cgqHkqt ds çR;sd vkarfjd
vkSj çR;sd cká dks.k ds chp dk varj=
Q
o
 n – 4   (a) 180 (b) 270
  n  ×180 
  (c) 300 (d) 360
A

[2]
 Practice Exercise
1. The sum of the interior angles of a 5. How many diagonals are there in a 12
polygon is 1440º. The number of sides of sided polygon.
the polygon is : 12 Hkqtkvksa okys cgqHkqt esa fod.kks± dh la[;k fdruh gS\
fdlh cgqHkqt ds vkarfjd dks.kksa dk ;ksxiQy
1440º (a) 48 (b) 54
gSA cgqHkqt esa Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k gS % (c) 60 (d) 72
(a) 6 (b) 9 6. A polygon has 35 diagonals. The number
(c) 10 (d) 12 of sides in the polygon is :
2. Each interior angle of a regular polygon fdlh cgqHkqt esa
35 fod.kZ gSaA cgqHkqt esa Hkqtkvk
is 144º. The number of sides of the dh la[;k gS %
polygon is :
(a) 6 (b) 9
fdlh le cgqHkqt dk izR;sd dks.k
144º gSA cgqHkqt (c) 10 (d) 12
esa Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k gS % 7. If each interior angle of a regular polygon

r
(a) 8 (b) 9 is 135o, then the number of diagonals of

si
(c) 10 (d) 11 the polygon is equal to :
3. If a regular polygon has 16 sides, then ;fn fdlh le cgqHkqt dk izR;sd var% dks.k
135º

each interior angle?an by

what is the measure (in degrees) of its dk gks] rks cgqHkqt esa fod.kks± dh la[;k cjkcj gS %
(a) 54 (b) 48

n
;fn ,d fu;fer cgqHkqt ds 16 Hkqtk,¡ gSa] rks blds (c) 20 (d) 18
izR;sd vkarfjd dks.k dk eki (fMxzh esa) D;k gS\
8. In a polygon, the interior and exterior

ja angles are in the ratio 4 : 1. The number

R s
CGL 2019 Tier II 16/11/2020 of sides of the polygon is :
a th

(a) 155 (b) 157

1 fdlh cgqHkqt esa var% vkSj oká dks.kksa dk vuqikr
2 4 : 1 gSA cgqHkqt esa Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k gS %
1 (a) 8 (b) 10
(c) 159 (d) 154
2
ty a

(c) 9 (d) 15
4. ABCDE is a regular pentagon. Its sides are 9. The difference between the interior angle
extended as shown in the figure. The and the exterior angle at a vertex of a
di M

ABC + 2EGD + 3BAJ regular polygon is 150º. The number of

value of is : sides of the polygon is :
6
,d le cgqHkqt ds fdlh 'kh"kZ ij vkarfjd rFkk cká
ABCDE ,d fu;fer iapdks.k gSA tSlk fd fp=k esa
dks.k esa varj
150º gSA cgqHkqt esa Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k gS %
fn[kk;k x;k gS bldh Hkqtk,¡ foLrkfjr gSA
(a) 10 (b) 15
ABC + 2EGD + 3BAJ
dk eku gS (c) 24 (d) 30
6 10. If each interior angle of a regular polygon
º
J I  4
is 128  , then what is the sum of the
 7
B number of its diagonal and the number of
A

C its sides?
A
H ;fn fdlh le cgqHkqt dk izR;sd vkarfjd dks.k
F D º
E  4
128  gS] rks blds fod.kks± dh la[;k vkSj
7
G bldh Hkqtkvksa dk ;ksx Kkr djsaA
CHSL 14/10/2020 (Shift- 02) SSC CGL Tier II 11/09/2019
(a) 45º (b) 30º (a) 15 (b) 19
(c) 75º (d) 66º (c) 17 (d) 21

[3]
11. The sum of the interior angles of a regular 15. Number of sides of 2 polygons are in the
polygon A is 1260 degrees and each ratio 5 : 2 and difference between the
interior angle of a regular polygon B is interior angles is 27°. Find the number of
sides in the 2 polygons.
128
4
degrees. The sum of the number of nks le cgqHkqtksa esa Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k dk vuqik
7 5 %2 gS vkSj muds izR;sd vkarfjd dks.k esa varj
sides of polygons A and B is: 27º gSA Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k gSa %
,d lkekU; cgqHkqtA ds vkarfjd dks.kksa dk ;ksx (a) 20, 8 (b) 15, 6
1260 va'k gS vkSj ,d lkekU; cgqHkqt
B dk izR;sd (c) 10, 4 (d) 25, 10
16. The ratio of sides of two regular polygon
4
vkarfjd dks.k128 va'k gSA cgqHkqt A vksj B is 1 : 2 and ratio of their internal angles
7 is 2 : 3, what is the number of sides of
dh Hkqtkvksa dh la[;kvksa dk ;ksx fdruk gksxk\ polygon having more sides?
SSC CGL MAINS 29/01/2022 nks le cgqHkqtksa ds Hkqtkvksa dk 1 : vuqikr
2 rFkk
(a) 18 (b) 16 muds var% dks.kksa dk vuqikr
2 : 3 gSA vf/d Hkqtk
(c) 19 (d) 17 okys cgqHkqt esa Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k gS %

r
12. A1 and A2 are two regular polygons. The (a) 4 (b) 8
sum of all the interior angles of A1 is 1080°. (c) 6 (d) 12

si
Each interior angle of A 2 exceeds its 17. The side BA and DE of a regular pentagon
exterior angle by 132°. The sum of the are produced to meet at F. What is the

an by
number of sides A1 and A2 is:
A1 vkSjA2 nks le cgqHkqt gSaAA1 ds lHkh vkarfjd
measure of EFA?
,d fu;fer iapdks.k ds BA vkSjDE Hkqtkvksa dks

n
dks.kksa dk ;ksx 1080
° gSA A2 dk izR;sd vkarfjd F rd c<+k;k tkrk gSAEFA dk eki D;k gS\
dks.k] blds ckÞ; dks.k ls 132° vf/d gSA A1 vkSj CGL 2019 Tier II 15/11/2020

ja
R s
A2 dh Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k dk ;ksx fdruk gksxk\ (a) 72º (b) 36º
SSC CGL MAINS 03/02/2022 (c) 60º (d) 54º
a th

18. If one of the interior angles of a regular

(a) 21 (b) 22
polygon is found to be equal to (9/8) times
(c) 23 (d) 24 of the interior angles of a regular hexagon,
13. The sum of the interior angles of a regular then the number of sides of the polygon is:
ty a

polygon is 1260º. What is the difference

;fn ,d le cgqHkqt ds vkarfjd dks.kksa esa ls ,d
between an exterior angle and an interior
angle of the polygon? dks.k fdlh le "kV~Hkqt ds vkarfjd dks.kksa ds (9@8)
di M

,d le cgqHkqt ds vkarfjd dks.kksa dk ;ksx º1260 xquk gS] rks cgqHkqt ds Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k gS%
(a) 4 (b) 5
gSA bl cgqHkqt ds ,d cká rFkk ,d vkarfjd dks.k
(c) 7 (d) 8
esa varj Kkr djsaA 19. If one of the interior angles of a regular
SSC CGL Tier II 12/09/2019 7
(a) 105º (b) 100º polygon is equal to times one of the
6
(c) 120º (d) 90º interior angles of a regular hexagon, then
14. If the measure of each exterior angle of what is the number of sides of the polygon?
º ;fn ,d le cgqHkqt ds vkarfjd dks.kksa esa ls ,d
 3 7
a regular polygon is  51  , then the
 7 dks.k fdlh le "kV~Hkqt ds vkarfjd dks.kksa
xq.kk
ds
6
ratio of the number of its diagonals to the ds cjkcj gS] rks cgqHkqt dh Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k D;k gS\
A

number of its sides is : (a) 7 (b) 8

;fn fdlh le cgqHkqt ds izR;sd cká dks.k dk eku (c) 9 (d) 10
20. If each interior angle of a regular polygon
º
 3 is 11 times its exterior angle, the number
 51  gS] rks blds fod.kks± dh la[;k rFkk bldh of sides of the polygon is.
7
;fn ,d le cgqHkqt dk çR;sd vkarfjd dks.k mlds
Hkqtkvksa dh la[;k esa vuqikr Kkr djsaA cfg"dks.k dk 11 xquk gS] rks cgqHkqt dh Hkqtkvks
SSC CGL Tier II 13/09/2019 dh la[;k gSA
(a) 5 : 2 (b) 13 : 6 (a) 22 (b) 24
(c) 3 : 1 (d) 2 : 1 (c) 18 (d) 11

[4]
 Answer Key

1.(c) 2.(c) 3.(b) 4.(d) 5.(b) 6.(c) 7.(c) 8.(b) 9.(c) 10.(d)

11.(b) 12.(c) 13.(b) 14.(d) 15.(a) 16.(b) 17.(b) 18.(d) 19.(c) 20.(b)

r
si
an by
n
ja
R s
a th
ty a
di M
A

[5]