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Unit-III Summing Amplifier

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74 views14 pages

Unit-III Summing Amplifier

Uploaded by

kiran kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Summing Amplifier

NOTE:
• Summing amplifier is also known as adder
• Summing amplifier is also known as summer
Summing Amplifier

Summing Amplifier
• Summing amplifier is an amplifier that amplifies the SUM of the input voltages
• An op-amp can be used obtain a summing amplifier
• Any number of input signal can be summed using an op-amp.

VO = A (V1+V2+V3)
Adder
• The output voltage of a adder is equal to the sum of the input voltages.

VO = V1+V2+V3
Averager
• The output voltage of an averager is equal to the average of the input voltages.
𝑉1+𝑉2+𝑉3
VO =
3
Summing Amplifier

• If the inputs are given to the • If the inputs are given to the
inverting input, then the non-inverting input, then the
configuration is an inverting configuration is a non-inverting
summing amplifier. summing amplifier.

Inverting Summing Amplifier Non-inverting Summing Amplifier


Circuit details Inverting Summing Amplifier

• The figure shows a three-input


summing amplifier circuit.

• Input voltages V1, V2, and V3 are


connected to the inverting input
terminal through the resistors R1, R2
and R3 respectively.

• Since the input voltages are connected


to the inverting terminal, this summing
amplifier is known as inverting
summing amplifier.
Figure: Inverting summing amplifier
• The resistor Rf is connected between
the output and the inverting terminal.
Rf is the feedback resistor
Derivation of expression for the output voltage
• The point B is grounded. So,

• Op-amp is ideal. So, voltage gain is


infinite. Because of the infinite
voltage gain, the potential at point A is
same as that at point B.

• So, the point A is at virtual


ground

• Therefore, we have
Figure: Inverting summing amplifier
Consider the resistor R2
• The current flowing through the resistor
R2 is I2. This current I2 is given by

• Since VA = 0, I2 can be written as

Consider the resistor R3


Consider the resistor R1
• The current flowing through the resistor
• The current flowing through the resistor R3 is I3. This current I3 is given by
R1 is I1. This current I1 is given by

• Since VA = 0, I3 can be written as


• Since VA = 0, I1 can be written as
• The total current ‘I’ arriving at the point
A is given by

Consider the feedback resistor Rf


• The current flowing through the
feedback resistor Rf is If. This current If
is given by

Figure: Inverting summing amplifier


• Since VA = 0, If can be written as
• The input resistance of an ideal op-amp
infinite. So, op-amp input current is zero.
Hence, the total current I will be forced
to flow through the feedback resistor Rf.

• Therefore,

• Substituting the values of these currents,


Figure: Inverting summing amplifier we get
• The output voltage in terms of the
input voltages can be written as

[2]
R

R • The output voltage is the sum of the


input voltages, multiplied by 𝑹𝒇/R

R • The output voltage is proportional to


(not equal to) the sum of the
three input voltages
R

• The output voltage is equal to the


R negative of the sum of the input
R
voltages.

R • Thus, the circuit acts as an inverting


summer.
If all the resistors in a summing amplifier are the
R same, output voltage will be the sum of the
input voltages.
Average Circuit • The output voltage of an inverting
amplifier witch 3 input voltages is given
by equation [2]
• The output voltage is equal to
the average of the 3 input
voltages. So, the circuit acts like
an averager.
END

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