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Fundamental Steps of DIP

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14 views13 pages

Fundamental Steps of DIP

Uploaded by

S Premkumar ECE KIOT
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Fundamental steps in Digital Image

Processing
• Image Acquisition
This is the first step or process of the
fundamental steps of digital image processing.
Image acquisition could be as simple as being
given an image that is already in digital form.
Generally, the image acquisition stage involves
preprocessing, such as scaling etc.
• Image Enhancement
Image enhancement is among the simplest
and most appealing areas of digital image
processing. Basically, the idea behind
enhancement techniques is to bring out detail
that is obscured, or simply to highlight certain
features of interest in an image. Such as,
changing brightness & contrast etc.
• Image Restoration
Image restoration is an area that also deals
with improving the appearance of an image.
However, unlike enhancement, which is
subjective, image restoration is objective, in
the sense that restoration techniques tend to
be based on mathematical or probabilistic
models of image degradation
• Color Image Processing
Color image processing is an area that has
been gaining its importance because of the
significant increase in the use of digital images
over the Internet. This may include color
modeling and processing in a digital domain etc.
• Wavelets and Multiresolution Processing
Wavelets are the foundation for representing
images in various degrees of resolution. Images
subdivision successively into smaller regions for
data compression and for pyramidal
representation.
• Compression
Compression deals with techniques for
reducing the storage required to save an
image or the bandwidth to transmit it.
Particularly in the uses of internet it is very
much necessary to compress data.
• Morphological Processing
Morphological processing deals with tools
for extracting image components that are
useful in the representation and description of
shape.
• Segmentation
Segmentation procedures partition an
image into its constituent parts or objects. In
general, autonomous segmentation is one of
the most difficult tasks in digital image
processing. A rugged segmentation procedure
brings the process a long way toward
successful solution of imaging problems that
require objects to be identified individually.
• Representation and Description
Representation and description almost always
follow the output of a segmentation stage, which
usually is raw pixel data, constituting either the
boundary of a region or all the points in the
region itself. Choosing a representation is only
part of the solution for transforming raw data
into a form suitable for subsequent computer
processing. Description deals with extracting
attributes that result in some quantitative
information of interest or are basic for
differentiating one class of objects from another.
• Object recognition
Recognition is the process that assigns a label, such
as, “vehicle” to an object based on its descriptors.
• Knowledge Base:
Knowledge may be as simple as detailing regions of
an image where the information of interest is known to
be located, thus limiting the search that has to be
conducted in seeking that information. The knowledge
base also can be quite complex, such as an interrelated
list of all major possible defects in a materials
inspection problem or an image database containing
high-resolution satellite images of a region in
connection with change-detection applications.
Components of Image Processing System

• Image Processing System is the combination


of the different elements involved in the
digital image processing.
• Digital image processing is the processing of
an image by means of a digital computer.
• Digital image processing uses different
computer algorithms to perform image
processing on the digital images.
Components of Image Processing System
Components of Image Processing System
• Image Sensors:
Image sensors senses the intensity, amplitude, co-ordinates
and other features of the images and passes the result to
the image processing hardware. It includes the problem
domain.
• Image Processing Hardware:
Image processing hardware is the dedicated hardware that
is used to process the instructions obtained from the image
sensors. It passes the result to general purpose computer.
• Computer:
Computer used in the image processing system is the
general purpose computer that is used by us in our daily
life.
Components of Image Processing System
• Image Processing Software:
Image processing software is the software that includes all the
mechanisms and algorithms that are used in image processing
system.
• Mass Storage:
Mass storage stores the pixels of the images during the
processing.
• Hard Copy Device:
Once the image is processed then it is stored in the hard copy
device. It can be a pen drive or any external ROM device.
• Image Display:
It includes the monitor or display screen that displays the
processed images.
• Network:
Network is the connection of all the above elements of the
image processing system.
Text & Reference Books

• Rafael C. Gonzalez & Richard E. Woods,


“Digital Image Processing”, Pearson Education.
• A.K. Jain, “Fundamental of Digital Image
Processing”, PHI.

Weeks 1 & 2 13

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