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Image Segmentation

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11 views2 pages

Image Segmentation

Uploaded by

myperson.kruthi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Define Segmentation.

What are the Classifying ways of Segmentation Algorithm in


Image Processing?
Segmentation in image processing refers to the process of partitioning an image into multiple segments or
regions based on certain characteristics such as color, intensity, texture, or spatial proximity. The goal of
segmentation is to simplify the representation of an image into meaningful or semantically interpretable
parts.
Classifying Ways of Segmentation Algorithms in Image Processing:
1. Thresholding:
- Definition: Thresholding segments an image based on pixel intensity values.
- Approach: A threshold value is chosen, and pixels are classified as foreground (object) or background
based on whether their intensity values are above or below this threshold.
- Types: Simple thresholding, adaptive thresholding (where the threshold varies across the image), and
multi-level thresholding (segmenting into more than two levels based on multiple thresholds).

2. Region-based Segmentation:
- Definition: Groups pixels into regions based on certain homogeneity criteria (e.g., intensity, color).
- Approach: Typically involves merging pixels or regions that satisfy certain similarity measures until all
pixels in the image are assigned to a region.
- Techniques: Region growing (starts from seed points and merges regions based on similarity), region
splitting and merging (divides and then merges based on homogeneity), and watershed segmentation (based
on the image's gradient or intensity).

3. Edge-based Segmentation:
- Definition: Detects edges (sharp changes in intensity) and then links related edges into object boundaries.
- Approach: Typically involves detecting gradients and then applying edge linking techniques to form
continuous boundaries.
- Techniques: Edge detection algorithms like Sobel, Prewitt, Canny, and linking methods such as Hough
transform or active contours (snakes).

4. Clustering-based Segmentation:
- Definition: Groups pixels into clusters based on feature similarity.
- Approach: Utilizes clustering algorithms to partition pixels into clusters where intra-cluster similarity is
maximized and inter-cluster dissimilarity is minimized.
- Techniques: K-means clustering, fuzzy C-means clustering, and mean shift clustering.

5. Pixel-based Segmentation:
- Definition: Assigns each pixel to a class based on its features without considering the spatial context
explicitly.
- Approach: Uses statistical methods or machine learning techniques to classify pixels into predefined
classes based on feature vectors extracted from pixels.
- Techniques: Support Vector Machines (SVM), Random Forests, and neural networks can be applied for
pixel-wise classification.

6. Model-based Segmentation:
- Definition: Uses predefined models or shapes to segment objects in an image.
- Approach: Fits models (such as geometric shapes or deformable models) to image data to delineate
object boundaries.
- Techniques: Active shape models, active appearance models, and level sets are examples of model-based
segmentation methods.

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