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Python 084145

Python

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5 views

Python 084145

Python

Uploaded by

ans78hu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PYTHON

THIS PRESENTATION IS CREATED BY MOHIT KUMAR PRAMANIK


INTRODUCTION TO PYTHON

• PYTHON IS A DYNAMICALLY TYPED, GENERAL PURPOSE PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE


THAT SUPPORTS AN OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING APPROACH AS WELL AS A
FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING APPROACH.
• PYTHON IS AN INTERPRETED AND A HIGH-LEVEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE.
• IT WAS CREATED BY GUIDO VAN ROSSUM IN 1989.
FEATURES OF PYTHON

• PYTHON IS SIMPLE AND EASY TO UNDERSTAND.


• IT IS INTERPRETED AND PLATFORM-INDEPENDENT WHICH MAKES DEBUGGING VERY EASY.

• PYTHON IS AN OPEN-SOURCE PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE.


• PYTHON PROVIDES VERY BIG LIBRARY SUPPORT. SOME OF THE POPULAR LIBRARIES INCLUDE
NUMPY, PANDAS, ETC.
FUNCTIONS IN PYTHONS
• A FUNCTION IS A BLOCK OF CODE THAT PERFORMS A SPECIFIC TASK WHENEVER IT IS CALLED. IN
BIGGER PROGRAMS, WHERE WE HAVE LARGE AMOUNTS OF CODE, IT IS ADVISABLE TO CREATE OR USE
EXISTING FUNCTIONS THAT MAKE THE PROGRAM FLOW ORGANIZED AND NEAT.

• THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF FUNCTIONS:

1. BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS

2. USER-DEFINED FUNCTIONS

• BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS:

• THESE FUNCTIONS ARE DEFINED AND PRE-CODED IN PYTHON. SOME EXAMPLES OF BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS
ARE AS FOLLOWS:

• MIN(), MAX(), LEN(), SUM(), TYPE(), RANGE(), DICT(), LIST(), TUPLE(), SET(), PRINT(), ETC.

• USER-DEFINED FUNCTIONS:

• WE CAN CREATE FUNCTIONS TO PERFORM SPECIFIC TASKS AS PER OUR NEEDS. SUCH FUNCTIONS ARE
CALLED USER-DEFINED FUNCTIONS.
LISTS IN PYTHON

• LISTS ARE ORDERED COLLECTION OF DATA ITEMS.


• THEY STORE MULTIPLE ITEMS IN A SINGLE VARIABLE.
• LIST ITEMS ARE SEPARATED BY COMMAS AND ENCLOSED WITHIN SQUARE
BRACKETS [].
• LISTS ARE MUTABLE.

• EX : LST1 = [1,2,2,3,5,4,6]
SETS IN PYTHON

• SETS ARE UNORDERED COLLECTION OF DATA ITEMS.


• THEY STORE MULTIPLE ITEMS IN A SINGLE VARIABLE.
• SET ITEMS ARE SEPARATED BY COMMAS AND ENCLOSED WITHIN CURLY BRACKETS {}.
• SETS ARE IMMUTABLE.
• EX : INFO = {"CARLA", 19, FALSE, 5.9, 19}
DICTIONARY IN PYTHON

• DICTIONARIES ARE ORDERED COLLECTION OF DATA ITEMS.


• THEY STORE MULTIPLE ITEMS IN A SINGLE VARIABLE.
• DICTIONARY ITEMS ARE KEY-VALUE PAIRS THAT ARE SEPARATED BY COMMAS AND
ENCLOSED WITHIN CURLY BRACKETS {}.
• EX : INFO = {'NAME':'KARAN', 'AGE':19, 'ELIGIBLE':TRUE}
TUPLE IN PYTHON

• TUPLES ARE ORDERED COLLECTION OF DATA ITEMS.


• THEY STORE MULTIPLE ITEMS IN A SINGLE VARIABLE.
• TUPLE ITEMS ARE SEPARATED BY COMMAS AND ENCLOSED WITHIN ROUND
BRACKETS ().
• TUPLES ARE IMMUTABLE.
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING IN PYTHON

• IN PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES, MAINLY THERE ARE TWO APPROACHES THAT ARE


USED TO WRITE PROGRAM OR CODE.
• 1). PROCEDURAL PROGRAMMING
• 2). OBJECT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

• THE MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN BOTH TYPES OF PROGRAMMING IS THAT


PROCEDURAL PROGRAMMING DIVIDES THE PROGRAM INTO SMALL PROGRAMS AND REFERS TO
THEM AS FUNCTIONS. WHEREAS OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING DIVIDES THE PROGRAM
INTO SMALL PARTS AND REFERS TO THEM AS OBJECTS.
CLASS AND OBJECTS

• CLASS : A CLASS IS A BLUEPRINT OR TEMPLATE FOR CREATING OBJECTS. IT DEFINES THE


PROPERTIES AND METHODS THAT AN OBJECT OF THAT CLASS WILL HAVE. PROPERTIES ARE
THE DATA OR STATE OF AN OBJECT, AND METHODS ARE THE ACTIONS OR BEHAVIORS THAT
AN OBJECT CAN PERFORM.

• OBJECT : AN OBJECT IS AN INSTANCE OF A CLASS, AND IT CONTAINS ITS OWN DATA AND
METHODS. FOR EXAMPLE, YOU COULD CREATE A CLASS CALLED "PERSON" THAT HAS
PROPERTIES SUCH AS NAME AND AGE, AND METHODS SUCH AS SPEAK() AND WALK(). EACH
INSTANCE OF THE PERSON CLASS WOULD BE A UNIQUE OBJECT WITH ITS OWN NAME AND
AGE, BUT THEY WOULD ALL HAVE THE SAME METHODS TO SPEAK AND WALK.
CONSTRUCTOR

• A CONSTRUCTOR IS A SPECIAL METHOD IN A CLASS USED TO CREATE AND


INITIALIZE AN OBJECT OF A CLASS.
• CONSTRUCTOR IS INVOKED AUTOMATICALLY WHEN AN OBJECT OF A CLASS IS
CREATED.
• THE MAIN PURPOSE OF A CONSTRUCTOR IS TO INITIALIZE OR ASSIGN VALUES TO
THE DATA MEMBERS OF THAT CLASS.
• IT CANNOT RETURN ANY VALUE OTHER THAN NONE.
• SYNTAX : DEF __INIT__(SELF):
# INITIALIZATIONS
MODULES IN PYTHON

• MODULE IS LIKE A CODE LIBRARY WHICH CAN BE USED TO BORROW CODE WRITTEN BY
SOMEBODY ELSE IN OUR PYTHON PROGRAM. THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF MODULES IN
PYTHON:
1.BUILT IN MODULES - THESE MODULES ARE READY TO IMPORT AND USE AND SHIPS WITH
THE PYTHON INTERPRETER. THERE IS NO NEED TO INSTALL SUCH MODULES EXPLICITLY.
2.EXTERNAL MODULES - THESE MODULES ARE IMPORTED FROM A THIRD PARTY FILE OR
CAN BE INSTALLED USING A PACKAGE MANAGER LIKE PIP OR CONDA. SINCE THIS CODE
IS WRITTEN BY SOMEONE ELSE, WE CAN INSTALL DIFFERENT VERSIONS OF A SAME
MODULE WITH TIME.
OS MODULE

• THE OS MODULE IN PYTHON IS A BUILT-IN LIBRARY THAT PROVIDES FUNCTIONS


FOR INTERACTING WITH THE OPERATING SYSTEM. IT ALLOWS YOU TO PERFORM A
WIDE VARIETY OF TASKS, SUCH AS READING AND WRITING FILES, INTERACTING
WITH THE FILE SYSTEM, AND RUNNING SYSTEM COMMANDS.
• HERE ARE SOME COMMON TASKS YOU CAN PERFORM WITH THE OS MODULE:
• READING AND WRITING FILES THE OS MODULE PROVIDES FUNCTIONS FOR
OPENING, READING, AND WRITING FILES.
NUMPY MODULE

• NUMPY IS A PYTHON LIBRARY USED FOR WORKING WITH ARRAYS.


• IT ALSO HAS FUNCTIONS FOR WORKING IN DOMAIN OF LINEAR ALGEBRA,
FOURIER TRANSFORM, AND MATRICES.
• NUMPY WAS CREATED IN 2005 BY TRAVIS OLIPHANT. IT IS AN OPEN
SOURCE PROJECT AND YOU CAN USE IT FREELY.
• NUMPY STANDS FOR NUMERICAL PYTHON.
MATH MODULE

Python has a built-in module that you can use for mathematical tasks.
The math module has a set of methods and constants.
SKIPY MODULE

• SCIPY IS A SCIENTIFIC COMPUTATION LIBRARY THAT


USES NUMPY UNDERNEATH.
• SCIPY STANDS FOR SCIENTIFIC PYTHON.
• IT PROVIDES MORE UTILITY FUNCTIONS FOR OPTIMIZATION, STATS AND
SIGNAL PROCESSING.
• LIKE NUMPY, SCIPY IS OPEN SOURCE SO WE CAN USE IT FREELY.
• SCIPY WAS CREATED BY NUMPY'S CREATOR TRAVIS OLLIPHANT.
STATISTICS MODULE

Python has a built-in module that you can use to calculate mathematical
statistics of numeric data.
The statistics module was new in Python 3.4.
LAMBDA FUNCTION IN PYTHON

• IN PYTHON, A LAMBDA FUNCTION IS A SMALL ANONYMOUS FUNCTION WITHOUT A


NAME. IT IS DEFINED USING THE LAMBDA KEYWORD AND HAS THE FOLLOWING
SYNTAX:
LAMBDA ARGUMENTS: EXPRESSION
LAMBDA FUNCTIONS ARE OFTEN USED IN SITUATIONS WHERE A SMALL FUNCTION IS
REQUIRED FOR A SHORT PERIOD OF TIME. THEY ARE COMMONLY USED AS
ARGUMENTS TO HIGHER-ORDER FUNCTIONS, SUCH AS MAP, FILTER, AND REDUCE.
THANK YOU FOR WATCHING

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