22ME401

XX
Model Question Paper-1with effect from 2022-23 (CBCS Scheme)
USN

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination

APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS
TIME: 03 Hours Max. Marks: 100
Note: 01.Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing at least ONE question from each MODULE.
02. M: Marks, L: Blooms Level, C: Course outcomes
03. Use of thermodynamics data hand book and steam table are permitted
04. Assume missing data suitably

Module-1 M L C

Q.01 a Derive an expression for the thermal efficiency of an air standard diesel cycle
8 L3 CO1
in terms of cutoff ratio and compression ratio.
b For same state of air before compression and same maximum pressure and
temperature in both the cycles, using appropriate P-V and T-S diagrams, 4 L2
CO1
compare the performance of air standard Otto and Diesel cycle
c An engine 200 mm diameter and 300mm stroke length works on diesel cycle.
The initial pressure and temperature are 1bar and 270C. The cutoff is 8% of the
stroke and the compression ratio is 15. Find (i) pressure and temperature at all 8 L3 CO1
salient points of the cycle (ii) theoretical air standard efficiency (iii) MEP (iv)
power developed if there are 400 working strokes per cycle.
OR
Q.02 a Describe how the frictional power of an engine is determined using Morse test. 8 L2 CO1
b In a test on a three cylinder 4-stroke internal combustion engine with 22cm
bore and 26cm stroke, the following were the observations during a trial
period of one hour: Fuel consumption = 8kg, Calorific value = 45000kJ/kg,
Total revolutions of the crank shaft = 12000, MEP = 6bar, Net load on brake =
1.5kN, Brake drum diameter = 1.8m, Rope diameter = 3cm, Mass of cooling
12 L3 CO1
water = 550kg, Inlet temperature of water = 270C, Exit temperature of water =
550C, Air consumed = 300kg, Ambient temperature = 300C, Exhaust gas
temperature = 3100C, Specific heat of exhaust gases = 1.1 kJ/kgK. Calculate
(i) Indicated and Brake power in kW (ii) Mechanical efficiency (iii) Indicated
thermal efficiency. Also draw a heat balance sheet in kJ/min.
Module-2
Q.03 a With a neat P-V and T –S diagram, derive an expression for the efficiency of
6 L3 CO2
a Brayton cycle
b With a neat sketch and T-S diagram, explain how ‘regeneration’ increase
6 L2 CO2
thermal efficiency of a gas turbine plant.
c In a gas turbine plant, the intake temperature and pressure are 180C and 1 bar
respectively. Air is compressed to a pressure of 4.2 bar by a compressor. The
8 L4 CO2
isentropic efficiency of the compressor is 84%. The gas is heated to 6500C in
the combustion chamber, where there is a pressure drop of 0.086 bar. The

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 22ME401
expansion of gas occurs to atmospheric pressure in the turbine. The thermalXX
efficiency of the plant is 18%. Draw the T-s diagram and find the isentropic
efficiency of the turbine. Neglect the mass of the fuel and take properties of
gas as that of air. Take γ=1.4.
OR
Q.04 a State the working difference between turbo jet and turbo propeller engines. 6 L2 CO2
b With a neat sketch explain the principle of rocket propulsion.
6 L2 CO2
c In a gas turbine plant, air pressure and temperature before compression are 1
bar and 270C. The maximum pressure is 3.5 bar and temperature of the gas
before expansion is 7000C. If the isentropic efficiency of compressor and
8 CO2
turbine are 0.8 & 0.85 respectively. Determine: (i) overall efficiency (ii) L3
percentage change in efficiency of the plant if the regenerator of 0.6
effectiveness is added to the plant.
Module-3
Q.05 a With a neat schematic and T-S diagram, derive an expression for the thermal
6 L3 CO3
efficiency of the Rankine cycle
b With a neat diagram, explain the effect of boiler pressure and condenser
6 L2 CO3
pressure on the Rankine cycle performance
c In a boiler house, steam from steam generator enters the turbine at 20 bar and
condenser pressure of 0.2 bar. Determine Rankine cycle efficiency (i) when
8 L3 CO3
the steam is 85% dry at the turbine inlet (ii) when the steam is superheated at
turbine inlet at 37.60C.
OR
Q.06 a Why is Carnot cycle not practical for steam power plant? Explain briefly 6 L2 CO3
b With a neat schematic and T-S diagram, briefly explain the regenerative
vapour power cycle with single open feed water heaters. Derive an expression 6 L3 CO3
for its thermal efficiency.
c The steam is a working fluid in an ideal Rankine cycle with super heat and
reheat. The Steam enters the first stage turbine at 8 MPa and 480 0C and
expands to 0.7MPa. It is then reheated to 4400C before entering the second
8 L4 CO3
stage turbine where it expands to condenser pressure of 0.08MPa. The net
power output of cycle is 100MW. Determine (i) Thermal efficiency (ii) Mass
flow rate of steam (iii) Specific steam consumption (SSC).

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 22ME401
Module-4 XX
Q.07 a What are the thermodynamic and thermo physical properties of good
6 L1 CO4
refrigerant?
b Explain the working principle of Ammonia vapour absorption refrigeration
6 L2 CO4
system.
c A 10 ton Ammonia ice plant operates between an evaporator temperature of
-150C and condenser temperature of 350C. The ammonia enters the
compressor as dry saturated vapour. Assuming isentropic compression,
determine: i) mass flow rate of ammonia ii) COP of the plant iii) power input 8 L3 CO4
in KW iv) tons of ice at -100C produced from water at 250C in a day. Enthalpy
of fusion of ice = 334 KJ/Kg, Cp = 4.187 KJ/KgK for water and Cp =
2.1KJ/KgK for ice.
OR
Q.08 a Show the following processes on psychometric chart: (i) sensible heating (ii)
sensible cooling (iii) Adiabatic humidification (iv) cooling with 6 L1 CO4
dehumidification
b With a neat sketch, describe the working of summer air conditioning system
6 L2 CO4
for hot and dry weather.
c Saturated air at 20C is required to be supplied to a room where the temperature must be held at
200C DBT with 55% RH. The air is heated and then the water at 100C is sprayed to give the
required humidity. Determine: (i) the mass of spray water required per m3 of air at room 8 L3 CO4
conditions (ii) the temperature to which the air must be heated. Neglect fan power. Assume
that the total pressure is constant as 1.0132 bar.
Module-5
Q.09 a Explain the following term as referred to an air compressor (i) Volumetric
6 L2 CO5
efficiency (ii) Adiabatic efficiency (iii) Mechanical efficiency
b Derive an expression for work done in reciprocating air compressor with
6 L3 CO5
clearance volume.
c Air at 1 bar and 270C is compressed to 7 bar by a single stage reciprocating
compressor according to the law PV 1.3 = C. The free air delivered was
1m3/min. Speed of the compressor is 300rpm. Stroke to bore ratio is 1.5:1.
8 L4 CO5
Mechanical efficiency is 85% and motor transmission efficiency is 90%.
Determine: (i) indicated power and isothermal efficiency (ii) cylinder
dimensions and power of the motor required to drive the compressor.
OR
Q.10 a Discuss the various types of nozzles. Explain why nozzles are made
6 L2 CO5
convergent – divergent?
b Derive an expression for critical pressure ratio which gives maximum
6 L3 CO5
discharge through the nozzle.
c Calculate the throat and exit diameter of convergent and divergent nozzle.
Which will discharge 820 kg of steam per hour at a pressure of 8 bar super-
heated to 2200C in to the chamber having a pressure of 1.5 bar. The friction 8 L3 CO5
loss in the divergent portion of nozzle may be taken as 0.15 of isentropic
enthalpy drop.

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 22ME401
XX
Model Question Paper-2with effect from 2022-23 (CBCS Scheme)
USN

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination

APPLIED THERMODYNAMICS
TIME: 03 Hours Max. Marks: 100
Note: 01.Answer any FIVE full questions, choosing at least ONE question from each MODULE.
02. M: Marks, L: Blooms Level, C: Course outcomes
03. Use of thermodynamics data hand book and steam table are permitted
04. Assume missing data suitably

Module-1 M L C

Q.01 a Derive an expression for the air standard efficiency of a limited pressure cycle
10 L3 CO1
with assumptions.
b An engine working on constant volume cycle has a suction pressure of 1 bar and a pressure of
13.5 bar at the end of compression. For air take =1.4, find: (i) compression ratio (ii) the
percentage of clearance (iii) thermal efficiency (iv) temperature at the end of compression if 10 L3
CO1
initial temperature is 270C and (v) mean effective pressure if the pressure at the end of
combustion is 23 bar.
OR
Q.02 a Explain the phenomenon of combustion in S I Engines 5 L2 CO1
b Explain the Willian’s line method of determining the frictional power of an IC
5 L2 CO1
engine.
c The following data were obtained from a Morse test on a 4-cylinder 4-stroke
cycle SI engine coupled to a hydraulic dynamometer operating at a constant
speed of 1500rpm: Brake load with all 4 cylinders firing = 296N, Brake load
with cylinder1 not firing = 201N, Brake load with cylinder2 not firing = 206N,
Brake load with cylinder3 not firing = 192N, Brake load with cylinder4 not 10 L3 CO1
firing = 200N. The brake power in kW is calculated using the equation
WN
BP  , where W = Brake load in Newton and N = Speed of the engine
42300
in rpm. Calculate: (i) BP (ii) IP (iii) FP (iv) Mechanical efficiency.
Module-2
Q.03 a Derive an expression for the optimum pressure ratio for maximum work
10 L3 CO2
output in case of a Brayton cycle
b In an open cycle gas turbine plant, air enters the compressor at 1 bar& 270C.
The pressure after compression is 4 bar. The isentropic efficiency of turbine
and compressor are 85% and 80% respectively. The air – fuel ratio is 80: 1.
10 L3 CO2
Calorific value of fuel used is 42000kJ/kg. Mass flow rate of air is 2.5kg/s.
Determine the power output from the plant and the cycle efficiency. Assume
that Cp and γ to be same for both air and products of combustion.
OR
Q.04 a In a regenerative gas turbine cycle, air enters the compressor at 1 bar and
10 L3 CO2
150C. The pressure ratio is 6. The isentropic efficiencies of compressor and

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 22ME401
turbine are 0.8 and 0.85 respectively. The maximum temperature in the cycleXX
is 8000C. The regenerator efficiency is 0.78. Assume Cp = 1.1 KJ/KgK and  =
1.32 for combustion products and find the cycle efficiency.
b With a neat sketch explain the working of Ramjet and Turboprop engine.
10 L2 CO2
Module-3
Q.05 a Why is Carnot cycle not a realistic model for steam power plants? Explain
4 L2 CO3
with appropriate T-S diagram.
b What is the effect of following on Rankine cycle efficiency: (i) Boiler pressure
6 L2 CO3
(ii) Super heating (iii) Condenser pressure.
c A Rankine cycle operates between a pressure of 80 bar and 0.1 bar. The
maximum cycle temperature is 6000C. If the steam turbine and condensate
10 L3 CO3
pump efficiency are 0.9 and 0.8 respectively, calculate net specific work
output and thermal efficiency.
OR
Q.06 a Draw the schematic diagram and show the actual regenerative vapour power
6 L2 CO3
cycles. Also derive an expression for its efficiency.
b In a reheat cycle, the initial steam pressure and maximum temperature are 150
bar and 5500C respectively. If the condenser pressure is 0.1 bar and the
6 L3 CO3
moisture at the condenser inlet is 5% and assuming ideal processes, determine:
(i) the reheat pressure (ii) the cycle efficiency (iii) the steam rate.
Module - 4
Q.07 a Define the following terms with respect to refrigeration:
(i) Refrigerating effect
06 L2 CO4
(ii) Unit of refrigeration
(iii) C.O.P.
b Explain with the aid of T-S and P-h diagram, the effect of under cooling the
04 L2 CO4
refrigerant in a Vapour compression refrigeration cycle.
b For a food storage purpose, a refrigeration plant of 10.5 TR is required at an
evaporation temperature of -120C and condenser temperature of 270C. The
refrigerant is ammonia. It is sub cooled by 60C before entering the expansion
valve. The vapour is 0.95 dry as it leaves the evaporator coil. The compression 10 L3 CO4
is adiabatic. Using p-h chart, Calculate (i) Condition of vapour at outlet of
the compressor (ii) condition of vapour at entrance to evaporator (iii) COP
(iv)power required in kW .Neglecting throttling and clearance effect
OR

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 22ME401
Q.08 a Explain the following processes by showing them on the Psychrometric chart: XX
(i) Sensible Cooling
(ii) Humidification
10 L2 CO4
(iii) Cooling and Dehumidification
(iv) Heating and Humidifying
(v) Adiabatic mixing of two streams of air
b For a hall to be air conditioned, the following conditions are given: Outdoor
conditions = 400C DBT, 200C WBT, Required comfort conditions =200C DBT
and 60% RH. Seating capacity of the hall = 1500, Amount of air supplied =
10 L3 CO4
0.3m3/ min/person. If the required condition is achieved first by adiabatic
humidification and then by cooling, estimate: i) the capacity of the cooling coil
in tons ii) the capacity of the humidifier in kg/hr.
Module-5
Q.09 a Derive an expression for minimum work input by two stage compressor with
10 L3 CO5
inter cooler between the two stages
b A single stage single acting reciprocating compressor has bore of 200 mm and
stroke of 300 mm. It receives air at 1bar and 200C and delivers it at 5.5 bar .If
the compression following the law PV1.3=C and clearance volume is 5% of 10 L3 CO5
stoke volume, Determine (i) Mean effective pressure (ii) Power required to
drive the compressor if it runs at 500 rpm
OR
Q.10 a What are types of nozzles? Explain with neat sketches. 5 L2 CO5
b Derive an expression for condition of maximum discharge through a nozzle. 5 L3 CO5
c Dry saturated steam enters a steam nozzle at a pressure of 15 bar and the
discharged at a pressure of 2 bar. If the dryness fraction of discharge steam is
10 L3 CO5
0.96, what will be the final velocity of steam? If 10% of heat drop is lost in
friction, find the percentage reduction in final velocity.

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