Community Colleges of the Philippines

301 Mabini Street Quezon District, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija

Tel. no. (044) 600-1487 E-mail: [email protected]

HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Module 2: EN12Lit-Ib-22
General Instruction: Read and understand each statement included in the module. Use black
ink to answer each of the questions.

Overview:
Literature is humanity itself. This is perhaps even an understatement considering how
literature has become the key connection to the world as it help recognize the nature of
humanity in different times and places. Matthew Arnold, an English poet and cultural critic
(1822-1888), even describes literature as a “criticism of life” because connection with it provides
an objective base for understanding of life. Given the all-encompassing nature and scope of
literature, many people find it a tall order to reach a perfect and adequate definition for literature.
However, the attempts of great minds to look into what comprises literature help to define it
more clearly.

Performance Standard:
A written close analysis and critical interpretation of a literary text in terms of form and
theme, with a description of its context derived from research.

Content Standard:
The learner will be able to understand and appreciate the elements and contexts of 21st
century Philippine literature from the regions.

Objectives:
 Identify representative texts and authors from each region;
 construct a written close analysis and critical interpretation of a literary text in
terms of form and theme.
 Community Colleges of the Philippines
301 Mabini Street Quezon District, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija
Tel. no. (044) 600-1487 E-mail: [email protected]

HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Luzon is comprised of seven politicala regions: Cordillera Administrative

Region (CAR), Ilocos (Region 1), Cagayan Valley (Region 2), Central
Luzon (Region 3), CALABARZON (CAvite, LAguna, BAtangas, Rizal,
QueZON) (Region 4-A), MIMAROPA (Mindoro, MArinduque, ROblon,
PAlawan) (Region 4-B), Bicol Region (Region 5), and National Capital
Region (NCR).

All of those political regions from Luzon have their own literary
piece that they are known for. In 21st Century Literature from the
Philippines and the World, we will analyze those literary pieces by the
famous authors from the different regions of Luzon.

Some forms of literary piece are presented in Northern Luzon, particularly in Ilocos
Province. Worth mentioning among these are the chants dallot and dung-aw.

Dallot is a chant recited during weddings while “dung-aw”

narrates the pain and joy of the departed.

In the different regions in Luzon, printing of religious works such as those on cathechism,
life and passion of Jesus Christ, lives of saints, and devotion exercises almost happened one
after the other to help promote Catholicism.

Catholicism is influenced by the Spaniards. Spaniards

brought us the Bible (Doctrina Christiana)

These are depicted in literary works that will help you see Luzon lingering in its varied
shapes, colors, and moods as translated in the experiences of characters and personas in the
works of F. Sionil Jose, Mar Anthony Simon Dela Cruz, Gabriela Lee, Raven Guerrero, Aida
Campos Tiama, Jim Pascual Agustin, Merlinda Bobis, Atty. Aleta Tolentino, and Casiano P.
Mayor.
These were the writers that became famous in Luzon because of their literary pieces that became known
 Community Colleges of the Philippines
301 Mabini Street Quezon District, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija
Tel. no. (044) 600-1487 E-mail: [email protected]

HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Visayas is subdivided into three political regions. These are Western

Visayas (Region VI), Central Visayas (Region VII), and Eastern Visayas
(Region VIII).

Western Visayas (Region VI)

The regional center is Iloilo City. The region is dominated by the native speakers of four Visayan languag

Central Visayas (Region VII)

Major islands are the eponymous Cebu, Bohol, and Siquijor, together with the eastern part

Eastern Visayas (Region VIII)

It consists of three main islands, Samar, Leyte and Biliran.

Hiligaynon, Ilongo, Kinaray-a and Aklanon are the languages used as medium in
Western Visayas Literature. Their literature includes indigenous forms, pieces influenced by the
Spaniards, works seeking for reform and revolution, and the contemporary forms.

Hiligaynon, Ilongo, Kinaray-a and Aklanon are the major languages used in Western Visayas on the
Ex. Good Morning (Maayong-aga) (Hiligaynon & Ilongo) Ball (Bula) (Kinaray-a)
Good afternoon (Mayad nga hapon) (Aklanon)

The following writters made a name in Western Visayas literature:

 Milagros Geremia
 John Paul B. Tia
 Community Colleges of the Philippines
301 Mabini Street Quezon District, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija
Tel. no. (044) 600-1487 E-mail: [email protected]

HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

 Aleks Santos
 Alice Tan Gonzales

In Cebu, Bohol, and Negros Oriental, Cebuano is the predominant language. This
language, therefore, has become the medium in composing balak.

Balak is the generic term for Cebuanos

poems which became part of people’s
way of life as it is the means of
expression in everyday life and social
occasion.
The literature of Eastern Visayas is likewise referred to as Waray literature whose oral lore
includes folk songs, riddles, and tales.
The literary pieces that represent Eastern Visayas were written by:
 Noel Tuazon
 Janis Claire Salvacion
 Genevieve Asenjo
 Victor N. Sugbo

Mindanao, which is one of the major island of the Philippines, is divided

into the following political regions: Zamboanga Peninsula (Region IX),
Northern Mindanao (Region X), Davao Region (Region XI), SOCSARGEN
(Region XII), Caraga (Region XIII), and Autonomous Region in Muslim
Mindanao (ARMM).

Mindanao has its own indigenous literature, Bendigan, a collective

term for two epics of Manobos which are Ulahinga and Tulalangan.
But the more popular epic of Mindanao is Darangen.

 Mindanao is also known as “The Promised Land” or And

Lupang Ipinangako.
 Mindanao is also known for its version of a ballad or narrative
song known as Parang Sabil which is about an “outlaw” or a
“bandit”.
 There are two revolution songs from Cotabato, “O Papanok” (O
Bird) and “Bangasamoro” suggest the decades-old struggle for
peace in Mindanao.
 Mindanao literature is more on freedom.
 Community Colleges of the Philippines
301 Mabini Street Quezon District, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija
Tel. no. (044) 600-1487 E-mail: [email protected]

HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

The Language used by the writers in this unit varies from Filipino, English, and Chabacan

Reference/s:
 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World (Abiva) page/s 7-8
 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World (Abiva) page/s 55-56
 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World (Abiva) page/s 91
 Community Colleges of the Philippines
301 Mabini Street Quezon District, Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija
Tel. no. (044) 600-1487 E-mail: [email protected]

HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

Worksheet
(Week 2)
21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World

Name: Date:
Grade level & Section:

Directions: Answer the following. (10 points each)

 Write your analysis in literary history on three (3) major places of the Philippines
(Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao).
 Where does literary history of Luzon focused?

 Where does literary history of Visayas focused?

 Where does literary history of Mindanao focused?