Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols 687-691 (2014) pp 224-227 Submitted: 2014-09-27

© (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland Accepted: 2014-09-28

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.687-691.224 Online: 2014-11-27

Study of Resistance to Wear of P110 Casing Down-hole in Water Based

Mud

Guoliang Li1,a, Hongxue Mi1,b, Xiaozeng Wang 2,c, Yang Yu3,d, Yihua Dou3,e
1
CNPC Xibu Drilling Company Engineering Limited, Karamay, 834000, China
2
Jiaying University, Meizhou, 514015, China
3
Xi’an Shiyou University, Xi’an, 710065, China
a
[email protected], [email protected], [email protected],
d e
[email protected], [email protected]

Keywords: Wear Efficiency, Friction Coefficient, Wear Mechanism, P110 Casing

Abstract. The operation of drilling well leads to casing wear to some degree in cased well. The
reduced strength of worn casing threats to the safety of well test and completion. In order to calculate
casing wear depth and prevent the casing wear, the wear efficiency and friction coefficient is
measured in the different wear time, the contact force and the rotating speed. The wear efficiency
increases with the contact force and the rotating speed. And the bigger the rotating speed, the bigger
the friction coefficient. The wear efficiency of P110 casing is change from 2 to 8×10-13 1/Pa. The
rotating speed has less influence on the wear efficient. So it is reasonable that the wear efficiency
model is adopted to calculate the wear degree of P110 casing.

Introduction
In the process of drilling, the drill string is often drilling in the casing, which leads to the inner wall
of casings wear. So wall thickness of wear casing is thinner and tensile strength, the collapse strength
and internal pressure strength of wear casing decrease[1]. Clearly, it is the existence of defects that
weakens the acceptance of load of the pit shaft. In addition, due to long time of drilling for deep well
with casing and large lateral force between the casing and drill pipe in crooked hole, persistent friction
between drill pipe and casing makes casing wear seriously. Energy efficiency model is widely used to
predict the down-hole casing wear[2-3].Recent research shows that they are bigger influences on
casing wear such as normal pressure, contact stress, tool joint case hardening and
asperity[4-5].Nonlinear model is adopted to predict casing wear, which is in deep well or big
displacement well, and arc length of contact of tangential stress is one of elements affecting casing
wear[6]. Wear model is established, which is based on borehole energy to predict the wear volume
and wear depth[7].Casing wear is connected with contact stress and pressure. Wear model, casing
wear factors as the variables, is established to predict the wear volume and wear depth[8].
Supposed the positive pressure 200,400,600N, rotate speed 60,90,120r/min, and the density of the
water based mud 1.212g/cm3,we take P110 casing to conduct the casing wear experiment and then
analyze how the rotating speed, wear time and positive pressure to influence the casing material wear,
by measuring the friction coefficient and wear efficiency.

Equipment and materials to conduct the test of P110 casing in water based mud
P110 casing sample is made by the 9 5/8 "x 11.99 mm - P110 casing, shown in figure 1. The
drilling testing ring is shown in figure 2.The water based mud used for wear test is provided from oil
field and the density is 1.212g/cm3 as shown in figure 3.

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 Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 687-691 225

Fig.1 Casing pieces Fig.2 Drilling testing loop Fig.3 Water based mud

The experimental process of P110 casing wear in water based mud

Considering the relation between casing wear volume and the work by drill pipe surface [9], the
wear efficiency model, predicting casing wear, is established. The calculation formula about wear
efficiency is:

WF = ∆m / ( ρ w )
(1)
Where ∆m is the casing mass before and after, Kg. ρ is the P110 casing density, 7800Kg/m3. W is
the product of friction F(N) and slip distance of drilling testing loop l(m), J. The friction work W is
measured directly by the experimental machine. The weightlessness of casing specimen is measured
by high precision electronic scale in the process of wear. The friction coefficient µ, which is the
quotient of friction F divided by positive pressure N, is read directly from the experimental machine.
Supposed positive pressure 400 N, and rotating speed 90 r/min, in water base mud of density 1.212
g/cm3, we take the same P110 casing piece to conduct the casing wear experiment. After wear 10, 30,
90 and 150min, we respectively measure the P110 decreased mass and the coefficient of friction.
Then according to the formulas 1, the casing wear efficiency WF is calculated. On the basis of the
actual working conditions and the max force in the experiment, positive pressure between test coupon
and drilling pipe is respectively set 200,400 and 600 N. According to the actual drilling parameters
and the max rotate speed in the experiment, rotate speed of the test coupon is set at 60, 90 and 120
r/min, in water base mud of density 1.212 g/cm3.Make three experiments in each condition to obtain
the average value of wear efficiency and friction coefficient of P110 casing. The drilling testing loop
and casing testing piece after wear are showed in Fig.4.

(a) drilling testing loop (b) casing piece

Fig.4 Drilling and casing test after wear
226 Manufacturing Technology, Electronics, Computer and Information
Technology Applications

The result analysis of P110 casing wears experiment

The wear efficiency and coefficient of friction change with wear time when P110 in water base
mud. The wear efficiency of P110 changes, showed in Fig.5(a) and the coefficient of friction changes
over time, showed in Fig.5 (b).With the time increasing, the wear efficiency increases firstly, then
decreases and finally tends towards stability. The running-in wear in the first beginning leads to the
high wear efficiency. At the beginning of the wear, the small contact area and the great stress result in
the high wear efficiency at first. With the wear time further increasing, the friction coefficient of P110
decreases firstly, increases gradually. That is because that the contact surface, between the casing
piece and the drilling testing loop, extends and adhesive wear aggravates on the casing surface with
the increasing of wear time, which leads to the friction coefficient increasing as well.

(a) The wear efficiency (b) The coefficient of friction

Fig.5 The result of P110 casing wear at different time
The wear efficiency and coefficient of friction changing with positive pressure when P110 in
water base mud. The wear efficiency of P110 in water base mud changes, showed in Fig.6 (a) and the
coefficient of friction changes with different positive pressures, showed in Fig.6 (b). With the positive
pressure between testing casing coupon and testing drilling pipe increasing, the wear efficiency
increases gradually as well. When the positive pressure reaching a certain degree, the wear on the
surface of casing changes from abrasive wear to more serious adhesive wear, leading to the wear
efficiency increasing. The coefficient of friction between casing and drill pipe sample changes
between 0.140 and 0.155, a small difference.

(a) The wear efficiency (b) The coefficient of friction

Fig.6 The result of P110 casing wear at different positive pressure
The wear efficiency and coefficient of friction changing with rotating speeds when P110 in
water base mud. The wear efficiency of P110 changes, showed in Fig.7 (a) and the coefficient of
friction changes at different rotate speeds, showed in Fig.7 (b).As the glide speed between the casing
piece and the drilling testing loop increasing, wear efficiency of casing increases gradually. When the
glide speed reaching a certain degree, adhesive wear aggravating on the casing surface, the wear on
the surface of casing changes from abrasive wear to more serious adhesive wear, leading to the wear
 Applied Mechanics and Materials Vols. 687-691 227

efficiency on the casing surface increasing. The coefficient of friction between casing and drill pipe
sample changes between 0.149 and 0.165, a small difference.

(a) The wear efficiency (b) The coefficient of friction

Fig.7 The result of P110 casing wear at different rotating speeds

Conclusions
Supposed positive pressure 200, 400, 600 N, and rotating speed 60, 90, 120 r/min, and in water
base mud of density 1.212 g/cm3 ,we take P110 casing to conduct the casing wear experiment and
then analyze the SEM picture of the casing wear surface. The conclusion is that the wear efficiency of
P110 in water base mud increases with the positive pressure and the rotating speed increasing,
between 2×10-13 1/Pa and 8×10-13 1/Pa, slightly greater than the wear efficiency of the drilling
manual (the owner). However, the friction coefficient of casing is not in proportion to the wear
efficiency, high wear efficiency but low friction coefficient.

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Study of Resistance to Wear of P110 Casing Down-Hole in Water Based Mud

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