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Assignment SetA 1

Assignment for ode

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12 views

Assignment SetA 1

Assignment for ode

Uploaded by

Saikat Duari
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ordinary Differential Equations

Dr. Subhra Bhattacharya


Department of Mathematics
Presidency University

Problem Set A

1. Draw the direction field and integral curves for the following ODE:
dy
(a) dx
= 3y 2/3
dy
(b) dx
=y−x
dy
(c) dx
= (y − 2)(y + 1)
dy
(d) dx
= 3x + y
dy
(e) dx
= x − 2y
dy
(f) dx
= y2

2. State whether y(x) = xe−x + xe−x is a solution of y ′′ + 2y ′ + y = 0.

3. Find the local existence and uniqueness of the given initial value problems at the
prescribed initial point:
dy
(a) dx
= 4 + y 3 , y(0) = 1
dy √
(b) dx
= y, y(1) = 0
dy x
(c) dx
= y−2
, y(0) = 2
dy x
(d) dx
= y−2
, y(2) = 0
dy
(e) dx
= x tan y, y(1) = 0
dy y
(f) dx
= x
+ 2x, y(0) = 1

4. Discuss the existence and uniqueness of solution for the IVPs:


dy √
(a) dx = 4x y, y(x0 ) = y0
dy
(b) dx
= |y − 1|, y(x0 ) = y0 . Discuss how your results differ for Lipschitz test and
by existence and uniqueness theorem.

5. Using Lipschitz condition discuss the uniqueness of solution for


dy
(a) dx
= xy 1/3 , y(0) = 0.
dy √
(b) dx
= 2 y, y(0) = 0.
dy
6. Discuss the existence of solution and corresponding uniqueness of x dx = y, y(x0 ) = y0 .
Further validate your result graphically by direction field constructed around suitable
initial points.

7. Consider y ′ = 2 sin(3xy), y(0) = y0 . Show that this has unique solution for x ∈
(−∞, ∞).

8. Show that f (x, y) = x2 |y| satisfies the Lipschitz condition on the rectangle R :=
{|x| ≤ 1; |y| ≤ 1} but ∂f
∂y
fails to exist in R.

9. Show that f (x, y) = xy


(a) Satisfies Lipschitz condition on any rectangle {a ≤ x ≤ b; c ≤ y ≤ d}
(b) Satisfies Lipschitz condition on the strip {a ≤ x ≤ b; −∞ < y < ∞}
(c) Does not satisfy Lipschitz condition on R × R.

10. Consider y ′ = |y|, y(x0 ) = y0 . For what values of x0 , y0 ) does the IVP has a unique
solution? Discuss using both the Lipschitz condition and the continuity of ∂f ∂y
.

11. For what values of (x0 , y0 ) does the IVP y ′ = y|y|, y(x0 ) = y0 has a unique solution?

12. (a) Is y(x) = 1 a solution for y ′′ + 2y ′ + y = x? Justify your answer.


(b) Is y = ln x a solution for xy ′′ + y ′ = 0 in (−∞, ∞)? Justify your answer.
(c) Discuss the existence and uniqueness of solution for y ′ + 2xy 2 = 0 in the interval
i) (0, 1) and ii) (0, 2) with initial conditions a) y(0) = −1, b) y(0) = 1.

13. Verify that the following functions are solutions of the corresponding differential equa-
tions:
(a) y = x tan x and xy ′ = y + x2 + y 2
(b) x + y = tan−1 y and 1 + y 2 + y 2 y ′ = 0
xy
(c) x2 = 2y 2 log y and y ′ = x2 +y 2

(d) y = A sinh 2x + B cosh 2x and y ′′ − 4y = 0


(e) y = cey/x and y ′ (xy − y 2 ) = y 2

14. Obtain the differential equations by eliminating the arbitrary constants:


(a) c(y + c)2 = x3
(b) xy = aex + be−x
(c) Obtain the differential equation for all parabolas of latus rectum 4a and axex
parallel to the x axis.
(d) y = (x3 + c)e−3x

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15. Solve the following first order equations to obtain the general solution (method: sep-
arable functions)
(a) y ′ sin y = x2
(b) (1 + x2 )y ′ = x
(c) (1 + x2 )dy + (1 + y 2 )dx = 0
(d) xyy ′ = y − 1
(e) y ′ + y tan x = 0

16. Find an integral curve (particular solution) corresponding to the given problems:
(a) y ′ = xex , y(1) = 3
(b) xdy = (2x2 + 1)dx through the point (1,1)
(c) (x + 1)(x2 + 1)y ′ = 2x2 + x, y(0) = 1.
(d) xyy ′ = (x + 1)(y + 1) through the point (1,0)
(e) y ′ = − xy , y(3) = 4
y2
(f) y ′ = x−2
, y(3) = 2

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