Surface Area - Cone

SURFACE AREA AND VOLUME
OF A RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE

Examples of items that are cone-shaped or
conic in design are the waffle cone, paper
megaphone, traffic cone, funnel, Christmas
tree and party hat. Some decorative items,
such as lamp shades, earrings or brooches,
are also shaped like cones.
A cone is a three-dimensional shape in
geometry that narrows smoothly from a flat
base (usually circular base) to a
point(which forms an axis to the centre of
base) called the apex or vertex. We can also
define the cone as a pyramid which has a
circular cross-section, unlike pyramid
which has a triangular cross-section. These
cones are also stated as a circular cone.
The slant height of the cone(specifically
right circular) is the distance from the
vertex or apex to the point on the outer line
of the circular base of the cone. The formula
for slant height can be derived by
the Pythagoras Theorem
Slant Height, l = √(r2+h2)

Surface area of a right circular cone is equal
to the sum of its lateral surface area(πrl)
and surface area of the circular base(πr2).
Therefore,
Total surface area of the cone = πrl + πr2
Or
Area = πr(l + r)
Where r is the base radius of the cone
Derivation
 In order to calculate the curved surface area
and total surface area of a cone, we divide it
into a circular base and the top slanted part.
The area of the slanted part gives you the
curved surface area. Total surface area is the
sum of this circular base and curved surface
areas.
 Area of the circular base:

The base is a simple circle and we
know that area of a circle is given as:
Area of a circle=πr²
 Area of the curved surface:
Now if open the curved top and cut into small
pieces, so that each cut portion is a small
triangle, whose height is the slant height l of the
cone.
Now the area of each triangle =1/2× base of
each triangle × l.
∴Area of the curved surface = sum of the areas
of all the triangles
=12×b1×l+12×b2×l+12×b3×l+………+12×bn×1
=1/2 l (b1+b2+b3+……+bn)
=1/2 l (curved surface)
From the figure, we know that, the
curved surface is equivalent to the
perimeter of the base of the cone The
circumference of the base of the cone
= 2πr
∴ Area of the curved surface = 1/2 × l ×
2πr
Area of the curved surface= πrl
Total Surface Area of a Cone = Area of the
circular base + Area of the curved surface
Total Surface Area of a Cone = πr2+πrl
= πr (l + r)
Types of Cones
 Right Circular Cone
A cone which has a circular base and the axis from the
vertex of the cone towards the base passes through the
centre of the circular base. The vertex of the cone lies just
above the centre of the circular base. The word right is
used here because the axis forms a right angle with the
base of the cone or is perpendicular to the base. This is
the most common of the cones which are used in
geometry. See the figure below which is an example of a
right circular cone.
 Oblique Cone
A cone which has a circular base but the axis of the cone
is not perpendicular with the base, is called an Oblique
cone. The vertex of this cone is not located directly above
the centre of the circular base. Therefore, this cone looks
like a slanted cone or tilted cone.
Exercise 13.3
LETS RECAP!!!!!
1. Diameter of the base of a cone is 10.5 cm and
its slant height is 10 cm. Find its curved surface
area.
2. Find the total surface area of a cone, if its slant
height is 21 m and diameter of its base is 24 m.
(To be discussed and give as H.W)
3. Curved surface area of a cone is 308 cm2 and its slant height is
14 cm. Find
(i) radius of the base and (ii) total surface area of the cone.
Solution:
Slant height of cone l = 14 cm
Given: Curved surface area of a cone is 308 cm2
(308 ) = (22/7)×r×14
308 = 44 r
r = 308/44 = 7
Radius of a cone base is 7 cm.
(ii) Total surface area of cone = CSA of cone + Area of base
Total surface area of cone = 308+(22/7)×72 = 308+154
Therefore, the total surface area of the cone is 462 cm2.
4. A conical tent is 10 m high and the radius of its base is 24 m.
Find
(i) slant height of the tent.
(ii) cost of the canvas required to make the tent, if the cost of 1
m2 canvas is Rs 70.
Solution:
(i) Height of conical tent, h = 10 m
Radius of conical tent, r = 24m
Let the slant height of the tent be l.
l2 = h2+r2= (10)2+(24)2= 676 = 26
Therefore, the slant height of the tent is 26 m.
(ii) CSA of tent = πrl
= (22/7)×24×26 m2
Cost of 1 m2 canvas = Rs 70
Cost of (13728/7)m2 canvas is equal to Rs (13728/7)×70 = Rs
137280
Therefore, the cost of the canvas required to make such a tent is Rs
137280.
5. What length of tarpaulin 3 m wide will be required to make conical
tent of height 8 m and base radius 6m? Assume that the extra length of
material that will be required for stitching margins and wastage in
cutting is approximately 20 cm. [Use π=3.14]
Solution:
Height of conical tent, h = 8m
Radius of base of tent, r = 6m
Slant height of tent, l2 = (r2+h2)= (62+82) = (36+64) = (100) = 10
Again, CSA of conical tent = πrl
= (3.14×6×10) m2
= 188.4m2
Let the length of tarpaulin sheet required be L
As 20 cm will be wasted, therefore,
Effective length will be (L-0.2m).
Breadth of tarpaulin = 3m (given)
Area of sheet = CSA of tent
[(L–0.2)×3] = 188.4
L-0.2 = 62.8
L = 63
Therefore, the length of the required tarpaulin sheet will be 63 m.
6. The slant height and base diameter of conical tomb are 25m
and 14 m respectively. Find the cost of white-washing its curved
surface at the rate of Rs. 210 per 100 m2.
Solution:
Slant height of conical tomb, l = 25m
Base radius, r = diameter/2 = 14/2 m = 7m
CSA of conical tomb = πrl
= (22/7)×7×25 = 550
CSA of conical tomb= 550m2
Cost of white-washing 550 m2 area, which is Rs (210×550)/100
= Rs. 1155
Therefore, cost will be Rs. 1155 while white-washing tomb.
7. A joker’s cap is in the form of right circular cone of base radius 7
cm and height 24 cm. Find the area of the sheet required to make
10 such caps.
Solution:
Radius of conical cap, r = 7 cm
Height of conical cap, h = 24 cm
Slant height, l2 = (r2 + h2)
= (72 + 242)= ( 49 + 576)= (625)
Or l = 25 cm
CSA of 1 conical cap = π r l
= 22/7 x 7 x 24
= 550
CSA of 10 caps = (10 x 550) cm2 = 5500 cm2
Therefore, the area of the sheet required to make 10 such caps is
5500 cm2 .
8. A bus stop is barricaded from the remaining part of the road, by using 50
hollow cones made of recycled cardboard. Each cone has a base diameter
of 40 cm and height 1 m. If the outer side of each of the cones is to be
painted and the cost of painting is Rs. 12 per m2, what will be the cost of
painting all these cones? (Use π = 3.14 and take √(1.04) = 1.02)
Solution:
Radius of cone, r = diameter/2 = 40/2 cm = 20 cm = 0.2 m
Height of cone, h = 1 m
Slant height of cone is l, and l2 = (r2 + h2)
Using given values, l2 = (0.22 + 12)
= (1.042)
l = 1.02
Slant height of the cone is 1.02 m
Now,
CSA of each cone = πrl
= (3.14 x 0.2 x 1.02)
= 0.64056
CSA of 50 such cones = (50 x 0.64056) = 32.028
CSA of 50 such cones = 32.028 m2
Cost of painting 1 m2 area = Rs 12 (given)
Cost of painting 32.028 m2 area = Rs (32.028 x 12)
= Rs.384.336
= Therefore, the cost of painting all these cones is Rs.
384.34(approximately)
CONES IN ARCHITECTURE

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SURFACE AREA AND VOLUME

OF A RIGHT CIRCULAR CONE

Slant Height, l = √(r2+h2)

 Area of the circular base:

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