Machine Design Test 6

Number of Questions 25Time:60 min.

Directions for questions 1 to 25: Select the correct alterna- 10. Which of these bearings have the least starting coef-
tive from the given choices. ficient of friction?
1. Which of these welding processes is similar to casting (A) Full journal bearing
process? (B) Partial journal bearing
(A) Fusion welding (B) Electric arc welding (C) Boundary lubricated bearing
(C) Thermit welding (D) Gas welding (D) Radial ball bearing
2. In design of circumferential lap joint for boilers, the 11. In riveted joints, why are butt joints preferred over lap
number of rivets can be calculated by considering joints for heavy load transmission?
(A) Bending failure (B) Shearing failure (A) Due to the couple formed by forces in lap joints.
(C) Tearing failure (D) Crushing failure (B) Due to the caulking in lap joints.
(C) Due to the fullering in butt joints.
3. The pressure angle is maximum in cycloidal teeth gears
(D) Due to the couple formed by forces in butt joints.
mating, at
(A) Pitch point 12. The efficiency of single strap single riveted butt joint is
(B) In between pitch point and end of engagement 60% when the pitch is twice the thickness of the plate.
(C) Start of engagement If tearing resistance is considered as least for calculat-
(D) In between pitch point and start of engagement. ing the efficiency, what is the thickness of the plate in
terms of the diameter of the rivet hole (d)?
4. The objective of providing backlash on spur gears is
d d
(A) To compensate for thermal expansion (A) (B)
(B) To prevent jamming 0.2 1.2
(C) To compensate for machining errors d d
(C) (D)
(D) All of the above 0.8 1.8
5. In a single block brake if the frictional force adds up to 13. In a single riveted lap joint the rivet diameter and the
the moment applied and helps in braking then they are thickness of plates are 25 mm and 15 mm respectively.
called as The ultimate stresses are 350 MPa in tension and 280
(A) Anti lock brakes (B) Self-locking brakes MPa in shear of the plate material. What is the effi-
(C) Self-energizing brakes (D) Anti skid brakes ciency of the riveted joint for a pitch of 80 mm, neglect-
6. The actual coefficient of friction and the angle of a shoe ing crushing of the rivets?
7 (A) 68.75% (B) 41.25%
brake are 0.4 and p rad. What is the equivalent coef- (C) 60.7% (D) 65.5%
18
ficient of friction of the shoe brake? 14. A metal of allowable tensile stress of 70 MPa and
(A) 0.4 (B) 0.596 allowable shear stress of 50 MPa is joined in two differ-
(C) 0.301 (D) 0.487 ent cases:
(1) Double transverse fillet weld.
7. Which of these riveted joints produces a double shear (2) Double parallel fillet weld.
in the rivets? If the size and length of welds are equal for both the
(A) Single rivet lap joint cases, what is the ratio of strength of the joints of the
(B) Double rivet lap joint first case to the second?
(C) Double cover single rivet butt joint
(A) 1.4 (B) 0.71
(D) Single cover single rivet butt joint (C) 0.4 (D) 2.5
8. The life of a ball bearing at a speed of 500 rpm is
15. A single transverse and double parallel fillet weld has
27,000 hours. What is the life of bearing in million
allowable shear load per mm as 500 N. What is the
revolutions?
length of the parallel fillet if the size of the fillet is 7 mm?
(A) 81 (B) 810
(C) 8.1 (D) 8100 ℓ

9. A sliding contact bearing which has an angle of contact

of 120o and the diameters of the journal and the bearing 300 kN 50 mm 300 kN
are equal is known as
(A) Full journal bearing (B) Fitted bearing
(C) Thick film bearing (D) Hydrostatic bearing
 Machine Design Test 6 | 3.93

(A) 250 mm (B) 275 mm l

(C) 300 mm (D) 325 mm
300 mm
16. The interference points of two involute gears in motion
(mating) lie on the
500 N
(A) Common tangent of the base circles
(B) Common tangent of the pitch circles O
(C) Common tangent of the Maximum addendum
circles. 700 N
125 mm
(D) Common normat at the pitch point.
1500 N
17. The permissible bending stress of a gear material is 150
MPa with a radial load of 100 N acting upon it. What is
the magnitude of the resultant load acting on the tooth 100 mm
for the given dimensions?
20
(A) 900 mm (B) 935 mm
(C) 865 mm (D) 820 mm
21. A shoe brake of shoe width 150 mm has a bearing pres-
30 sure on shoe of 3 bar. What is the amount of the force P
All dimensions
for the given dimensions in the figure?
are in mm 800

8 400

(A) 1066.67 N (B) 1166.67 N

(C) 1071.34 N (D) 1171.34 N
P
18. Match List-I with List-II
List-I List-II O
P. Static load 1. Minimum number of teeth on pinion 60

Q. Contact ratio 2. Deflections of teeth on loading

R. Interference 3. Arc of contact, Circular pitch 200

S. Dynamic load 4. Lewis equation All dimensions

on teeth are in mm

P Q R S
(A) 3 4 2 1 (A) 2250 N (B) 4500 N
(B) 3 4 1 2 (C) 9000 N (D) 7795 N
(C) 4 3 1 2 22. A band brake operates a drum of 300 mm diameter
(D) 4 3 2 1 using a lever (AB) of 500 mm long. What is the ratio of
19. A motorcycle moving on an inclined road with a veloc- tensions in the band AC when the drum rotates clock-
ity of 30 m/s is of total mass 300 kg. The change in wise and anticlockwise for a coefficient of friction of
inclination of the vehicle when it comes to rest within 0.25?
a distance of 100 m is 5 m. What is the minimum coef- 100 mm P
A
ficient of friction between the tyres and the road so that O
the tyres do not skid if the vehicle is moving downhill? B
(Assume that total energy is observed by the brake) T2 T1
(A) 0.5 (B) 0.46
(C) 0.4 (D) 0.56 A is the fulcrum

20. A single block brake has the dimensions as given in C D

the figure. What is the length of the lever when there is 195°
uniform normal pressure acting in between the block
and the wheel?
3.94 | Machine Design Test 6

(A) 0.182 (B) 5.48 bearing pressure of 2 N/m2 is 0.018 kg/m-s. What is the
(C) 0.463 (D) 0.364 coefficient of friction if the journal is rotating at 900
23. The angle of contact of a square bearing of 50 mm rpm? (Neglect the end leakage factor)
diameter is 360o which is rotating at 900 rpm. If the (A) 0.0055 (B) 0.0045
coefficient of friction is 0.005 and the bearing pressure (C) 0.0035 (D) None
is 1.5 N/mm2 what is the amount of heat generated? 25. A roller bearing and a ball bearing have the dynamic
(A) 44.178 W (B) 34.698 W load rating and equivalent dynamic load as 80 kN and
(C) 4.417 W (D) 3.469 W 7.5 kN. What is the ratio of working life in hours of the
24. Sommerfeld number of a hydrodynamic journal bear- ball bearing to the roller bearing?
ing is 14.3 × 106. The viscosity of the lubricant at a (A) 2.201 (B) 0.454
(C) 1.082 (D) 0.924

Answer Keys
1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. D
11. A 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. C 19. A 20. B
21. B 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B

Hints and Explanations

1. A mixture called thermit is ignited and poured into a 10. The rolling contact bearings offer low starting friction,
mould made around the joint in thermit welding which ball bearings are a type of rolling contact bearings.
is similar to melting and casting process. Choice (C)  Choice (D)
2. Since it is a lap joint the rivets will be in single shear. 11. In lap joint, the forces acting are not in the same
 Choice (B) straight line. These forces form a couple which may
3. The pressure angle is maximum at the beginning of bend the joint. On the other hand, the forces act in a
engagement, reduces to zero at the pitch point and same straight line in butt joint, therefore there will be
again becomes maximum at the end of engagement. no couple. Hence butt joints are preferred for heavy
 Choice (C) loads. Choice (A)
4. Choice (D) 12. Tearing resistance = Pt = (P – d).t σt
5. Choice (C) Efficiency, η =
Pt
=
( P − d ) t.st
7  P.t .st P.t .st
6. As the angle of contact is  p = 70 o  > 60o uniform
 18 
∴ h = 0.6 =
(2t − d ) t (∵ P = 2t)
wear of the brake lining occurs. 2t 2
The equivalent coefficient of friction is ∴ 1.2t = 2t – dt
2 2

4 m Sin q ⇒ dt = 0.8 t2
m1 = d
2q + Sin 2q ⇒ t=  Choice (C)
0.8
7
µ = 0.4, q = p 13. Tearing resistance = Pt = (P – d).t. σt
18
Pt = (80 – 25).15.350 = 288750 N
⇒ 2θ = 140o ⇒ θ = 70o p 2
4 × 0.4 × Sin 70 Shearing resistance = Ps = n × d ×τ
∴ m1 = = 0.487  Choice (D) 4
7 n=2
p + Sin140
9 ∵ Single riveted lap joint
7. The shearing takes place at two cross-sections of a rivet p
∴ Ps = 2 × × 252 × 280 = 274889.3572 N
in double cover butt joint. Choice (C) 4 Least of P , P t s
8. L = 60 N LH ∴ Efficiency of the joint =
P.t .st
LH = 27000 hours, N = 500 rpm
∴ L = 60 × 500 × 27000 274889.3572
∴ h= = 0.655
L = 810 × 106 revolutions Choice (B) 80 × 15 × 350
9. Choice (B) ∴ η = 65.5% Choice (D)
 Machine Design Test 6 | 3.95

14. 1. Double transverse fillet weld. Frictional force Ft = µ × RN ⇒ µ = 0.467

P1 = strength = 1.414 × s × t × σ­t ∴ (1500 × 0.3) + (700 × 0.025) = 500 × l
∴ P1 = 1.414 × s × t × 70 MN ⇒ l = 0.935 ⇒ l = 935 mm Choice (B)
2. Double parallel fillet weld 21. The angle of contact, 2θ = 60o
P2 = strength = 1.414 × s × t × τ ⇒ θ = 30o < 60o
∴ P2 = 1.414 × s × t × 50 MN ∴ Uniform pressure is acting between the block and
70 the wheel.
∴ P1:P2 = = 1.4 Choice (A) R
50
∴ Pb = 3 bar = 3 × 105 Pa = N
15. Total length of weld = 2ℓ+ 50 mm A
Allowable load on the weld = (2ℓ+ 50) × 500 N A = w (2r Sin θ)
∴ 300 × 103 = (2ℓ + 50)500 w = width of shoe = 150 mm = 0.15 m
ℓ = 275 mm Choice (B) r = radius of wheel = 200 mm = 0.2 m
16. The points on the common tangent to the base circles ∴ A = 0.15 × 2 × 0.2 × Sin 30 = 0.03 m2
of the two mating gears upto which the diameters of ∴ RN = Pb × A = 3 × 105 × 0.03 = 9000 N
the addendum circles can be increased without interfer- ∴ By taking moments around 0.
ence are called interference points. Choice (A) RN × 0.4
RN × 0.4 = P × 0.8 ⇒ P =
17. σ = 150 MPa = 150 N/mm 2 0.8
By Lewis equation ∴ P = 4500 N Choice (B)
Wt = σ.b.t2/6.h 22. µ = 0.25, θ = 195o = 3.403 rad
Here, b = 20 mm, t = 8 mm, h = 30 mm T
150 × 20 × 82 ∴ 1 = e mq , when the drum is rotating clockwise
∴ Wt = = 1066.67 N T2
6 × 30
∴ T1 = T2 e0.25 × 3.403
Wr = radial load = 100 N ⇒ T1 = 2.341.T2
∴ Resultant load = Wt + Wr = 1066.67 + 100
2 2 2 2 Taking moments about A,
T1 × 0.1 = P × 0.5
= 1071.344 N Choice (C) ⇒ T1 = 5P
18. Choice (C) ⇒ Tension in band AC = T2 = 2.136.P
19. As the motor cycle is moving downhill the energy When the drum rotates anticlockwise
absorbed E = Ek + Ep T2 > T1
1 T2
Ek = mv2 ⇒ = e mq ⇒ T = 2.341.T
2 T1 2 1

m = 300 kg, v = 30 m/s Taking moments about A,

1 T1 × 0.1 = P × 0.5 ⇒ T1 = 5P
∴ Ek = × 300 × 302 = 135000 J ⇒ T2 = 11.705.P (anti clockwise)
2
EP = mgh = 300 × 9.81 × 5 = 14715 J Tclock 2.136
∴ = = 0.1825 Choice (A)
∴ E = 135000 + 14715 = 149715 J Tanticlock 11.705
The vehicle is stopped in a distance of 100 m, 23. A square bearing has the journal diameter equal to the
therefore tangential braking force is journal length.
E ∴ W = Load on the bearing = P.(d × l) = P.d2
Ft = = 1497.15 N
100 P = 1.5 N/mm2, d = 50 mm
∴ Tangential force = µ RN ∴ W = 1.5 × 502 = 3.75 kN
µ = coefficient of friction between the tyres and Hg = Heat generated = µ.W.V
−3
the road. pdN p × 50 × 10 × 900
V= = = 2.3562 m s
RN = Normal force/weight of the motor cycle 60 60
∴ 1497.15 = µ × 300 × 9.81 ⇒ µ = 0.509 ∴ Hg = 0.005 × 3.75 × 103 × 2.3562
 Choice (A) Hg = 44.178 W Choice (A)
20. As there is uniform pressure between the wheel and the 2
block by considering moments about point 0 we get  ZN   d 
24. Sommerfeld number = 
RN = 1500 N, Ft = 700 N, P = 500 N, a = 25 mm  P   C 
x = 300 mm, a = (125 – 100) = 25 mm Z = 0.018 kg/m-s, N = 900 rpm, P = 2 N/m2
∴ RN × x + Ft × a = P × l
3.96 | Machine Design Test 6

0.018 × 900  d  2 where k = 3 for ball bearings

∴   = 14.3 × 106 k = 10/3 for roller bearings.
2 C
C = 80 kN, W = 7.5 kN
d Working life in hours is
∴ = 1328.7
C L
LH =
The coefficient of friction is given by the Mckee 60. N
equation: Lball
∴ (LH)ball =
33  ZN   d  60. N
µ= 8    +k
10  P   C  L
(LH)roller = roller
33 0.018 × 900 60. N
∴ m= × × 1328.7 (here, k = 0)
108 2 ∴ (LH)ball:(LH)roller = Lball:Lroller
µ = 3.55 × 10–3 = 0.0035 Choice (C) 3
10
C C3
25. Bearing life in revolutions is =  :  
k
W  W 
C
L =   × 10
6 10
W  3
 80   80  3
= : = 0.4543 Choice (B)
 7.5   7.5 