CHAPTER 4

GEE-LIVING IN THE IT ERA

Chapter 4. Information Technology in Personal, Professional, Social Advancement,
Modern Living and Human Relationships
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Course Pack compiled by: Prof. Frances Jay B. Pacaldo, LPT | Faculty, Department of Mathematics and Statistics |
[email protected]
Course Learning Outcome for the Lesson
1.
integrate the role of technology into personal, professional, social advancement, modern living and human
relationships
2.
3.

4.

Intended Learning Outcome

1.
Explain the uses of IT in everyday-life.
2.
3.
Discuss the Internet of things and its influence on the society, and
4.
5.
Understand the innovation of technology in our society
6.
Introduction
All manner of technology surrounds us. From our personal laptops, tablets, and phones to behind-the-scenes
technology that furthers medicine, science, and education. Technology is here to stay, but it’s always morphing and
expanding. As each new technology enters the scene, it has the potential to improve lives either in personal,
professional, social advancement, modern living and human relationships.

In this lecture note we will tackle the effect (positive and negative) of Information Technology in the human aspect: IT in
Education; Business; Infrastructure; Travel; Food Industry; Banking; Communication and Services. In addition, Internet
of things, Smartphones, Mobile Technology and Social media will be given an emphasis. This lecture note also includes
the importance of e-Commerce and e-Operations in the modern living and human relationships. At the end of this
lecture notes, you are expected to integrate the role of technology into personal, professional, social advancement,
modern living and human relationships.
Lesson 4.1 IT in Education; Business; Infrastructure; Travel; Food Industry; Banking;
Communication and Services.
Over the last two decades, our lives have been slowly taken over by technology. Take a moment to look around you.
How many screens do you see? Did you include the one you’re reading this on?

Our Wi-Fi-enabled gadgets have changed the way we work, play, and even raise our children. Today’s offices would be
unrecognizable to workers of the past and thanks to the proliferation of emails, video conferencing, tablets, laptop
computers, and other relatively recent innovations. Meanwhile, more and more of our personal time is influenced by our
gadgets with each passing day.
Information Technology in Education

We have been using technology so much these days in each and every domain of our lives, be it education or the
regular household work, that have we ever taken out a second to wonder if it’s leaving a positive impact on our work or
it’s just that we have been relying too much on it that we’ve become habitual to it, ignoring the direction of its impact?
Say, for instance, is technology causing education to improve over time or have we just been catching up with the trend
of educational technology.
Earlier, technology in education was a debatable topic amongst society. Everyone had their own views on modernizing
education and making it technology aided. There were a huge number of positives and negatives to education
technology. But, gradually as technology was embraced by the educational institutes, they realized the importance of
technology in education. Its positives outnumbered the negatives and now, with technology, education has taken a
whole new meaning that it leaves us with no doubt that our educational system has been transformed owing to the
ever-advancing technology. Technology and education are a great combination if used together with a right reason and
vision.

With technology, educators, students and parents have a variety of learning tools at their fingertips. Here are some of
the ways in which technology improves education over time:

• Teachers can collaborate to share their ideas and resources online: They can communicate with others across
the world in an instant, meet the shortcomings of their work, refine it and provide their students with the best.

• Students are easy to remain updated. Smartphone are also beneficial in keeping students constantly updated
on all those things that are presently happening in the world. By simply opening up the application, they can keep
themselves updated about all the major happenings in the areas of sports, current events and politics. This
instant availability of information enables them to become more and more informed, aware and educated. This
immediate access has changed the way students will process information and form decisions.

• Students can develop valuable research skills at a young age: Technology gives students immediate access to
an abundance of quality information which leads to learning at much quicker rates than before. With the
introduction of smartphone, they can access to any knowledge at their fingertips. Google serves to be the best
and the most reliable information sources that provides them information within seconds.

• Students and teachers have access to an expanse of material: There are plenty of resourceful, credible
websites available on the Internet that both teachers and students can utilize. The Internet also provides a variety
of knowledge and doesn’t limit students to one person’s opinion. Use of latest technology-based learning aids
greatly helps student to improve their knowledge daily at school. Students are able to retrieve all different types of
information quickly than ever before.

• Online learning is now an equally credible option: Face-to-face interaction is huge, especially in the younger
years, but some students work better when they can go at their own pace. Online education is now accredited
and has changed the way we view education.
Over the past years, a number of studies have shown benefits from the use of technology in education. The role of
technology in education is vital but let us not forget that negative effect of Technology in education also exist most
especially when it is used inappropriately.

Classroom teachers are using technology in the classroom more frequently than ever before. Students who are
exposed to a high volume of technology perform as well as expected on standardized test, however technology can
potentially do students a disservice if used inappropriately. When teaching using technology, instructors must be aware
of the potential hindrances technology can bring to the learning process. Some negative effects of technology in today’s
classroom are that it can take away valuable learning time, it can be overused, and it can also turn educational
experiences into games for students who may miss the point of the lesson.

The following are some of the negative effects of Technology in education when used inappropriately:

Lost Learning Time

In today’s classroom, teachers are pressed to make every minute count. If the teacher and students are not
experienced with technology in the classroom, valuable time is often wasted on technical troubles. In addition, the
teacher faces the difficulty of having a class full of students who are all at different skill levels. In many schools, most
students will have a computer and Internet access, but schools that are located in impoverished areas may have a
large portion of their student body with little to no computer experience. While it is important to educate these children in
technology, it must be done at a pace that meets every individual’s needs or more learning time will be wasted.

Overuse and Distraction

In some classrooms technology is overused. This can lead to a variety of problems. Many students learn best by
physically and mentally interacting with what they are studying. Computers cannot substitute for hands on experience
with art supplies, science equipment or musical instruments. If most of the teaching is done with computer images or
PowerPoint lectures, students’ needs are not being met. Technology should be used to supplement the classroom
curriculum, but should not be used as the sole source of learning. Further, students can become overly impressed with
the sophistication of new technology and not pay attention to the information being communicated with splashy visuals
and sound effects.

Game Mentality
One problem that many classroom teachers face is that students often use computers primarily for games. Because of
this, many students associate computers and technology with game playing. Though some teachers can use this to
their advantage, if this issue is not addressed, some students may get distracted and off task easily. Because students
associate computers with game playing, they may try their skills at hacking, without thinking through the consequences.
Surfing the internet just for can result in children finding sites that are not age appropriate.

Kills their creativity

As a student can find any amount of information on the web, they don’t do research on their own. They simple look up
or answers to their questions and write them word for word without actually understanding the concept. They don’t
apply their brain in solving questions and simply rely on web for answers. Their sole focus has changed from learning to
securing good grades. This mere copying of information without learning gaining clarity about the concept has killed
creativity in students. In this way, if they use technology, then it is not going to be useful for them.

No practical learning

Due to less analytical approach towards learning, students later become graduates who are very good on paper but
don’t possess skills and knowledge in their selected area of study. They aren’t talented to solve technical issues even
after being degree holders. This is the saddest negative impact of technology in the field of education.

Misinformation

It is not necessary that whatever is being presented on the web is authentic and genuine. Misinformation is one of the
biggest issues that technology present to modern age students. Anyone has the power to post anything over the
Internet. This makes it extremely tough to distinguish between the right and wrong. Here comes the role of parents and
school authorities to take necessary action to ensure that their students are making the right use of technology.

With the dramatic advancement in technology, the way education is delivered has changed a lot in both positive and
negative sense. With the continuous change in the technology, the mode of teaching adopted by teachers in using the
classroom has also changed. Technology has greatly helped in maximizing what a student can learn, and the rate at
which it can be learned. But, as improper use of anything can result in an adverse impact, same is the case with
technology.
Information Technology in Business

Today's businesses rely more heavily on technology than ever before. From improved telecommunications to online
payment options, most modern businesses could not function as effectively or efficiently without technology. Even the
ability to accept credit or debit card payments at retail stores requires a complex system of bank exchanges and
telecommunications in order to operate smoothly and reliably. The application of information technology in management
provides opportunities to work outside the office and have increased access to important information regardless of
location.

Innovation is the great way to success in this digital age. The path of innovation in business means doing something
different, smarter or better that will make a positive difference in terms of value, quality or productivity by using
emerging or proved technologies of the world. The technology which has already proved itself in last two decades is of
course the information technology (IT). It has dramatically changed the lives of the individuals and organizations.
Currently online shopping, digital marketing, social networking, digital communication and cloud computing etc. are the
best examples of change which came through the wave of information technology. Now accurate business planning,
effective marketing, global sales, systematic management, real time monitoring, instant customer support and long term
business growth cannot be achieved at the optimum level without IT.

The success of every business depends on certain factors. Some of which are accurate analysis, choosing the right
technology and the future vision. Research from the last two decades has proved that those organizations that do
invest in technology and choose the path of innovation increase their market share, financial figures and overall
competitiveness. Information technology is the only technology which provides you the opportunity to analyses specific
data and plan your business journey accordingly. It also provides you many tools which can solve complex problems
and plan the scalability (future growth) of your business. In the modern age, it is proved that digital marketing is a great
tool which let you promote your products or services to the global market while sitting in the comfort of your remote
office or home. And thanks to the cloud computing and modern communication which enable you to form a global
organization, manage and monitor its virtual offices all over the world. Now let us explore how information technology
plays a vital role in different phases of business.

Decision Making

Speed and accuracy are at the heart of making right decision for your business. Every successful organization has to
go through a comprehensive market research process which enables management to make the right decision. Market
research can be done in many ways through online surveys, forums, blogs, group discussions using World Wide Web
and of course through in-person interviews as well. Currently Big data, Google Analytics and Microsoft CRM Dynamics
are also great tools to extract useful information which can impact on decision making. These online tools not only
provide real time responses from the potential audience but also ensure the accuracy of data by minimizing the risk of
human errors.

Marketing and Business Growth

The heart of the business success lies in its marketing which enables the management to identify its target audience
first and then observe their trends and needs. The overall marketing covers public relation, advertising, promotion and
sales which subsequently impact on business growth. Many types of marketing can help you reach your potential
customers. But I will briefly explain digital marketing here which was the dream in the past without Internet technology.
Digital Marketing is a modern phenomenon which let you promote your products or services all over the world. It is a
broad term which includes many concepts like search engine optimization (SEO), pay per click (PPC), blogging,
discussion forum, email shot, SMS, MMS, social media marketing and Smartphone app advertisement etc. Currently
web market is booming at a very fast pace because most of the entrepreneurs have understood that the long term
success in business is not possible without digital presence on the internet. Millions of new websites are being added
on the internet every year.

Customer Support and Satisfaction

Higher level of customer satisfaction is the key to success which cannot be achieved without a real time customer
support process. Business success depends on knowing its customer’s needs, trends, behaviors and satisfaction level.
Effective communication is the best tool to understand the customer demands, problems and their solutions. Thanks to
the Internet Technology that has enabled us to communicate with millions of potential or existing customer in the real
time. IT provides many channels to communicate with the customer without going out in snow or rain. Some of these
channels are email, webinar, social media, member portals, online newsletters and text or multimedia messaging
through the smart phone. Enterprise organizations normally use customer relationship management systems (CRM) to
hold valuable data for understanding customer behaviors and future needs.

Resource Management and Globalization

Resource management plays a crucial role in business success. When it comes to medium or large organization, it is
very hard for the top management to manage all the resources manually. These resources may include tangible,
financial or human resources etc. Information technology has played a vital role in automating such complex problems
by introducing user friendly solutions. A decade ago, most of the resource management solutions were desktop based.
Thanks to the internet and cloud technology which enables software engineers to introduce cloud based ERP
(Enterprise Resource Planning) solutions. Now, the managers can manage or monitor their organizational resources
virtually anywhere in the world by using their personal computer, laptops, tablets or Smartphone. This concept has
introduced the idea of globalization. Most of multinational companies (Microsoft, Google, Amazon, McDonalds etc.) in
the world use these cloud based solutions to manage their virtual or physical offices and staff worldwide.

Attaining long term business success is impossible without leveraging the benefits of information technology in this
digital age. The companies have to bear a reasonable cost to achieve this success because using an innovative
approach in business strategy, employing highly trained IT professionals and making right decisions at right time are
the prerequisite of business success. As IT solutions continue to increase the productivity, efficiency and effectiveness
of business operations and communication, business will continue to rely on Information Technology for success.
Information Technology in Tourism

Today, nobody doubts that technology and travel are the perfect combination. This joint force also plays a crucial role in
the way we travel: from the vacation destination we choose, all the way to what we do once we're there and even in the
time after we've come back from our adventure. It is so prevalent, that according to a Google Travel study, 74% of
travelers plan their trips on the Internet, while only 13% still use travel agencies to prepare them.

Millennials have also played a significant role in this paradigm shift. They love to travel and are also passionate about
new technology. This combined interested has given way to a new context where social media, apps, blogs, and so
more have an important part to play when it’s time to play a trip. By that same token, the industry, as it becomes
increasingly aware of this trend, has followed suit by adapting its business model and product offering to attract this
coveted target.

Take a look at some of the technological advances currently leaving their mark on the industry and will, according to
various studies, bring significant short-term changes to the sector.

Mobile Technology

This is undoubtedly the main character in the new ways of travel. The cell phone has become our tour guide, travel
agency, best restaurant locator, map, and more. It's by our side during the entire purchase journey. In fact, according to
TripAdvisor, 45% of users use their smartphone for everything having to do with their vacations.

This is why there’s a need to adapt corporate services and communications to these devices. KLM, for example, has
already created an information service for passengers using Facebook Messenger

This system, once someone has made a reservation, sends the user information regarding their ticket through
Facebook Messenger as well as their boarding pass or updates about the status of their flight. This way, the user has
all the pertinent information about their trip in the palm of their hand using an app that they already use, eliminating the
need to download anything else.

Augmented Reality
Augmented reality (AR) or virtual reality (VR) have also entered the travel world, and the truth is that it’s a trend due to
all the possibilities they can offer. More and more companies use it to show users a cabin on a cruise ship or transport
them, for a few seconds, to the Great Wall of China.

Today, it’s possible to “teleport” ourselves to the most remote corners of the globe without getting off the couch. That’s
what you can get using Everest’s EVEREST VR app, which lets you see the top of the world without having to climb to
the top. Or, if you would prefer, you can cross the Grand Canyon in a kayak enjoying the landmark’s sights and sounds.

Internet of Things (IoT)

The Internet of Things (IoT) promises to bring significant updates to the tourism industry. They include integrating
sensors connected to the Internet inside items like cars, suitcases, buildings, and more.

Some Hotel properties offer an app to their clients that lets them interact with the room’s thermostat or control the
television in the room. There are also suitcases that have devices that allow users to use their cell phones to follow
where their suitcase is at any time to avoid lost baggage at the airport or other public places.

Virtual Assistants

We’re all familiar with Siri and Alexa, the virtual assistants that meet all our needs: what’s the weather like today in my
city, turn the radio on, open my email, and more. Hotels are now starting to enlist this “help” thanks to the arrival of
virtual assistants that are specifically designed for this environment. IBM recently launched Watson Assistant, an AI-
powered virtual assistant that creates an interactive and personalized experience for consumers. This is the open
technology that firms can employ and adapt to their needs. This way, the virtual assistant won't be called Watson but
instead, have the name that the hotel chooses.

Big Data

There has been a lot of recent talk about Big Data, but they have yet to show all the opportunities it offers for the travel
industry. Nonetheless, many industry players are already using it. Some hotel chain uses information about their guests
to figure out what is the best target for marketing campaigns. Primarily, they examine their database to look at the
amount spent, the reason for the trip, the country of origin and cross-checks this information with public data from
government sources to develop the most appropriate customer profile and achieve a higher success rate. This way,
they make a better segmentation for their campaigns to increase their efficacy and optimize the investment required for
these campaigns.

Blockchain
Blockchain is a technology poised to transform the world as we know it. Although it’s mainly associated with finance, it
also appears that it can impact travel. While there has not been that much experimentation with it, it is possible that it
will be useful in identifying passengers at the airport, guaranteeing transparency in tourists' opinions, and easy and
secure payments.

5G Network

Travel technology becomes all the more powerful with help from 5G networks. They promise much faster loading and
downloading speeds, wider coverage, and more stable connections. Beyond downloading content 20 times faster than
before, 5G allows us to develop and deploy technology that 4G limited us. That means the connection between smart
devices will be more efficient and we’ll be able to start to truly enjoy the Internet of Things (IoT). Immersive tourism,
where technology turns travelers into the experience’s protagonist, will be a reality. Plus, augmented reality (AR) or
360° video will be more ubiquitous and accessible.

According to travel companies, the growth and progressions in technology have helped to enhance communication,
convenience, productivity, the speed of business, marketing and revenue.

The traditional travel companies and tour & packages operators no doubt will see further evolution as technology
continues to advance every single day. As long as demand for packaged travel remains, there will still be a place for
travel companies/OTAs both online and off. Technology will go a long way in fulfilling this demand for consumers at
both the ends.
Information Technology in Food Industry

When it comes to food, tech isn’t always the first thing that comes to mind. However, technology over the years has
changed how we produce and find our food through applications, robotics, data and processing techniques. According
to a recent report from ING, technology helps food manufacturers produce more efficiently for a growing world
population. There are 7.5 billion people in the world right now and that means a higher demand for food each year. By
using tech to improve processing and packaging, it can improve the shelf life and safety of food.

Robotics and Machines

The use of machines in the food industry also ensures quality and affordability. By using machines, it drives down the
costs of keeping the food fresh and increases productivity. According to the report, “The rise of robotics in the food
industry is a tangible example of food tech. Robotic machines can help to eliminate safety issues for the more
dangerous jobs in the food industry. In 2016, a tech company rolled out a program for butchery. By using robots to cut
the more difficult of the meats, they can save many work injuries. This is just one of the many ways technology can
improve the industry.

3D Printing

In the past few years, 3D printing has really taken off across many industries and the food industry is one of them.
There have been several applications of 3D printing food from NASA printing a pizza to creating soft foods for those
who cannot chew hard food to consume. It opens the door for innovation being able to create many things that we were
unable to before while also being able to help with food sustainability. There are many ways 3D printing is shaking up
the industry.

Drones

Precision agriculture is a major player when it comes to how technology can make a difference. It is the use of GPS
tracking systems and satellite imagery to monitor crop yields, soil levels, and weather patterns to increase efficiency on
the farm. Not only can they see all that is happening across the fields, but they can also use analysis from the findings
to test the soil and the health of the crops. A major way they are doing this is through the use of drones. These drones
can locate and identify diseased or damaged crops and tend to them immediately. The use of these robots does not
eliminate the need for food workers but helps them be more efficient with their work. With strict product requirements at
large volumes and demand for lower pricing, the robotic elements help create a faster environment to produce more
goods than regular labor.

Packaging and Waste

One of the biggest concerns for consumers right now is having healthy and sustainable goods. Consumers pay
attention to labels and harmful ingredients, especially with social media, there is not much that companies can get away
with anymore. Many companies use technology to help them “go green.” By using robotics and digitizing, companies in
the food industry are able to find alternatives to plastics and other harmful packaging to the environment. There are
many different ways we are using technology in packaging now from edible packaging, micro packaging and even
bacteria fighting packaging.

Consumers are also looking for where companies are sourcing their products and how they are handling their waste.
One app, Copia uses its extensive food waste reduction dashboard to connect businesses with surplus food to local
shelters, after-school programs, and other nonprofit organizations. Copia’s analytic software manages and tracks their
surplus to save money and reduce their overall food waste. With all these advancements in technology, there are so
many different ways that it can really change how we produce food. Evolving technology could be the key to eliminating
world hunger and solving our waste problem- we will just have to wait and see.
Information Technology in Banking Industry

Banking environment has become highly competitive today. To be able to survive and grow in the changing market
environment banks are going for the latest technologies, which is being perceived as an ‘enabling resource’ that can
help in developing learner and more flexible structure that can respond quickly to the dynamics of a fast changing
market scenario. It is also viewed as an instrument of cost reduction and effective communication with people and
institutions associated with the banking business. The early 90s saw the plummeting hardware prices and advent of
cheap and inexpensive but high powered PC’s and Services and banks went in for what was called Total Branch
Automation (TBA) packages. The middle and late 90s witnessed the tornado of financial reforms, deregulation
globalization etc. coupled with rapid revolution in communication technologies and evolution of novel concept of
convergence of communication technologies, like internet, mobile/cell phones etc. Technology has continuously played
on important role in the working of banking institutions and the services provided by them.

Safekeeping of public money, transfer of money, issuing drafts, exploring investment opportunities and lending drafts,
exploring investment being provided. Information Technology enables sophisticated product development, better
market infrastructure, implementation of reliable techniques for control of risks and helps the financial intermediaries to
reach geographically distant and diversified markets. Internet has significantly influenced delivery channels of the
banks. Internet has emerged as an important medium for delivery of banking products and services.

The customers can view the accounts; get account statements, transfer funds and purchase drafts by just punching on
few keys. The smart card’s i.e., cards with microprocessor chip have added new dimension to the scenario. An
introduction of ‘Cyber Cash’ the exchange of cash takes place entirely through ‘Cyber-books’. Collection of Electricity
bills and telephone bills has become easy. The upgradeability and flexibility of internet technology after unprecedented
opportunities for the banks to reach out to its customers. No doubt banking services have undergone drastic changes
and so also the expectation of customers from the banks has increased greater.

IT is increasingly moving from a back office function to a prime assistant in increasing the value of a bank over time. IT
does so by maximizing banks of pro-active measures such as strengthening and standardising banks infrastructure in
respect of security, communication and networking, achieving inter branch connectivity, moving towards Real Time
gross settlement (RTGS) environment the forecasting of liquidity by building real time databases, use of Magnetic Ink
Character Recognition and Imaging technology for cheque clearing to name a few. The key driver to charge has largely
been the increasing sophistication in technology and the growing popularity of the Internet. The shift from traditional
banking to e-banking is changing customer’s expectations.

E-Banking:
E-banking made its debut in UK and USA 1920s. It becomes prominently popular during 1960, through electronic funds
transfer and credit cards. The concept of web based banking came into existence in Europe and USA in the beginning
of 1980. Many banks have modernized their services with the facilities of computer and electronic equipment. The
electronics revolution has made it possible to provide ease and flexibility in banking operations to the benefit of the
customer. The e-banking has made the customer say good-bye to huge account registers and large paper bank
accounts. The ebanks, which may call as easy bank offers the following services to its customers:

• Credit Cards/Debit Cards

• ATM

• E-Cheques

• EFT (Electronic Funds Transfer)

• DeMAT Accounts

• Mobile Banking

• Telephone Banking

• Internet Banking

• EDI (Electronic Data Interchange)

Benefits of E-banking:

To the Customer:

• Anywhere Banking no matter wherever the customer is in the world. Balance enquiry, request for
services, issuing instructions etc., from anywhere in the world is possible.

• Anytime Banking — Managing funds in real time and most importantly, 24 hours a day, 7days a week.

• Convenience acts as a tremendous psychological benefit all the time.

 • Brings down “Cost of Banking” to the customer over a period a period of time.

• Cash withdrawal from any branch / ATM • On-line purchase of goods and services including online
payment for the same.

To the Bank:

• Innovative, scheme, addresses competition and present the bank as technology driven in the banking
sector market

• Reduces customer visits to the branch and thereby human intervention

• Inter-branch reconciliation is immediate thereby reducing chances of fraud and misappropriation

• On-line banking is an effective medium of promotion of various schemes of the bank, a marketing tool
indeed.

• Integrated customer data paves way for individualized and customized services.

Impact of IT on the Service Quality:

The most visible impact of technology is reflected in the way the banks respond strategically for making its effective use
for efficient service delivery. This impact on service quality can be summed up as below:

• With automation, service no longer remains a marketing edge with the large banks only. Small and relatively
new banks with limited network of branches become better placed to compete with the established banks, by
integrating IT in their operations.

• The technology has commoditizing some of the financial services. Therefore, the banks cannot take a lifetime
relationship with the customers as granted and they have to work continuously to foster this relationship and
retain customer loyalty

• The technology on one hand serves as a powerful tool for customer servicing, on the other hand, it itself results
in depersonalizing of the banking services. This has an adverse effect on relationship banking. A decade of
computerization can probably never substitute a simple or a warm handshake.
 • In order to reduce service delivery cost, banks need to automate routine customer inquiries through self-service
channels. To do this they need to invest in call centers, kiosks, ATM’s and Internet Banking today require IT
infrastructure integrated with their business strategy to be customer centric.

Impact of IT on Banking System:

The banking system is slowly shifting from the Traditional Banking towards relationship banking. Traditionally the
relationship between the bank and its customers has been on a one-to-one level via the branch network. This was put
into operation with clearing and decision making responsibilities concentrated at the individual branch level. The head
office had responsibility for the overall clearing network, the size of the branch network and the training of staff in the
branch network. The bank monitored the organization’s performance and set the decision making parameters, but the
information available to both branch staff and their customers was limited to one geographical location.

The modern bank cannot rely on its branch network alone. Customers are now demanding new, more convenient,
delivery systems, and services such as Internet banking have a dual role to the customer. They provide traditional
banking services, but additionally offer much greater access to information on their account status and on the bank’s
many other services. To do this banks have to create account information layers, which can be accessed both by the
bank staff as well as by the customers themselves. The use of interactive electronic links via the Internet could go a
long way in providing the customers with greater level of information about both their own financial situation and about
the services offered by the bank
Impact of IT on Privacy and Confidentiality of Data:

Data being stored in the computers, is now being displayed when required on through internet banking mobile banking,
ATM’s etc. all this has given rise to the issues of privacy and confidentially of data are:

• The data processing capabilities of the computer, particularly the rapid throughput, integration, and retrieval
capabilities, give rise to doubts in the minds of individuals as to whether the privacy of the individuals is being
eroded

• So long as the individual data items are available only to those directly concerned, everything seems to be in
proper place, but the incidence of data being cross referenced to create detailed individual dossiers gives rise to
privacy problems

• Customers feel threatened about the inadequacy of privacy being maintained by the banks with regard to their
transactions and link at computerized systems with suspicion.

Aside from any constitutional aspect, many nations deem privacy to be a subject of human right and consider it to be
the responsibility of those who concerned with computer data processing for ensuring that the computer use does not
revolve to the stage where different data about people can be collected, integrated and retrieved quickly. Another
important responsibility is to ensure the data is used only for the purpose intended.
Information Technology in Communication and Services
For as long as humans have been on this planet, we’ve invented forms of communication—from smoke signals and
messenger pigeons to the telephone and email—that have constantly evolved how we interact with each other.

One of the biggest developments in communication came in 1831 when the electric telegraph was invented. While post
existed as a form of communication before this date, it was electrical engineering in the 19th century which had a
revolutionary impact. Now, digital methods have superseded almost all other forms of communication, especially in
business.

When we look back at how communication has advanced over the years, it really is quite incredible:
The Telephone

In 1849, the telephone was invented and within 50 years it was an essential item for homes and offices, but tethering
impacted the flexibility and privacy of the device. Then, came the mobile phone. In 1973, Motorola created a mobile
phone which kickstarted a chain of developments that transformed communication forever. Early smartphones were
primarily aimed towards the enterprise market, bridging the gap between telephones and personal digital assistants
(PDAs), but they were bulky and had short battery lives. By 1996, Nokia was releasing phones with QWERTY
keyboards and by 2010, the majority of Android phones were touchscreen-only.

In 2007, Steve Jobs revealed the first iPhone to the world and Apple paved the way for the aesthetics of modern
smartphones. Before the iPhone, “flip phones”, and phones with a split keyboard and screen were the norm. A year
later, a central application store with an initial 500 downloadable ‘apps’ was launched. Currently, there are over two
million apps available in the Apple App Store.
The Internet

Since the mid-1990s, the Internet has had a revolutionary impact on communication, including the rise of near-instant
communication by electronic mail, instant messaging, voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) telephone calls, two-way
interactive video calls, discussion forums, blogs, and social networking.

The internet has made communication easier and faster, it’s allowed us to stay in contact with people regardless of time
and location. It’s accelerated the pace of business and widened the possibilities within the enterprise space. It’s allowed
people to find their voice and express themselves through social media, YouTube and memes. The internet has
connected and divided us like nothing before.
Email

As a byproduct of the World Wide Web, email was introduced to the world in 1991 (although it had been operating
years before) and it has vastly changed our lives— whether for better or worse depends on your viewpoint. The first
users of the messaging platform were educational systems and the military who used email to exchange information. In
2018, there were more than 3.8 billion email users—that’s more than half the planet. By 2022, it’s expected that we will
be sending 333 billion personal and business emails each day.

Wearable Technology

The first instance of wearable technology was a hands free mobile headset launched in 1999, which became a piece of
tech synonymous with city workers. It gave businesspeople the ability to answer calls on the go, most importantly, while
driving. Ten years ago, the idea that you could make a video call from an item other than a phone would have been a
sci-fi dream. Now, with smartwatches, audio sunglasses, and other emerging wearable technology, these capabilities
are a part of our daily lives.

Virtual Reality (VR)

The next generation of VR has only been around since 2016, but it’s already shaking up communications. The beauty
of VR—presence—means you can connect to someone in the same space at the same time, without the time sink and
cost of travel, even if participants are on different continents. VR also helps to facilitate better communication. In a
typical discussion, a lot of information is non-verbal communication which can be transcribed in VR. Voice tone,
hesitations, head and hand movements greatly improve the understanding of the participants' emotions and intents.
Plus in VR, all distractions are removed and people can be fully focused on what is happening around them. In fact,
MeetinVR claims that there is a 25% increase in attention span when meeting in virtual reality compared to video
conferencing. In addition, research suggests we retain more information and can better apply what we have learned
after participating in virtual reality. 3D is a natural communication language overcoming linguistic barriers as well as
technical jargon

5G Network

5G, the 5th generation of mobile network, promises much faster data download and upload speeds, wider coverage,
and more stable connections. These benefits will bring about significant improvements in communication.
Instantaneous communication will be possible and those patchy frustrating video calls will be a thing of the past. The
average 4G transmission speed currently available for our smartphones is around the 21 Mbps mark. 5G will be 100 to
1000 times faster. The Consumer Technology Association notes that at this speed, you could download a two-hour
movie in just 3.6 seconds, versus 6 minutes on 4G or 26 hours on 3G. The impact of 5G will go far beyond our
smartphones as it will allow millions of devices to be connected simultaneously.

Looking ahead, there is already buzz about 6G. Although it’s still in basic research and around 15-20 years away, it’s
interesting from an innovation point of view. 6G will form the framework of the connected utopia we aspire towards, and
with it will come untold improvements in the speed and consistency of our communication.
Lesson 4.2 Internet of Things (IoT)
The internet of things, or IoT, is a system of interrelated computing devices, mechanical and digital machines, objects,
animals or people that are provided with unique identifiers (UIDs) and the ability to transfer data over a network without
requiring humanto-human or human-to-computer interaction.

A thing in the internet of things can be a person with a heart monitor implant, a farm animal with a biochip transponder,
an automobile that has built-in sensors to alert the driver when tire pressure is low or any other natural or man-made
object that can be assigned an Internet Protocol (IP) address and is able to transfer data over a network. Increasingly,
organizations in a variety of industries are using IoT to operate more efficiently, better understand customers to deliver
enhanced customer service, improve decision-making and increase the value of the business.
How IoT works?
An IoT ecosystem consists of web-enabled smart devices that use embedded systems, such as processors, sensors
and communication hardware, to collect, send and act on data they acquire from their environments. IoT devices share
the sensor data they collect by connecting to an IoT gateway or other edge device where data is either sent to the cloud
to be analyzed or analyzed locally. Sometimes, these devices communicate with other related devices and act on the
information they get from one another. The devices do most of the work without human intervention, although people
can interact with the devices -- for instance, to set them up, give them instructions or access the data. The connectivity,
networking and communication protocols used with these web-enabled devices largely depend on the specific IoT
applications deployed. IoT can also make use of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning to aid in making data
collecting processes easier and more dynamic.
Why IoT is important?
The internet of things helps people live and work smarter, as well as gain complete control over their lives. In addition to
offering smart devices to automate homes, IoT is essential to business. IoT provides businesses with a real-time look
into how their systems really work, delivering insights into everything from the performance of machines to supply chain
and logistics operations. IoT enables companies to automate processes and reduce labor costs. It also cuts down on
waste and improves service delivery, making it less expensive to manufacture and deliver goods, as well as offering
transparency into customer transactions. As such, IoT is one of the most important technologies of everyday life, and it
will continue to pick up steam as more businesses realize the potential of connected devices to keep them competitive.
IoT benefits to organizations
The internet of things offers several benefits to organizations. Some benefits are industry-specific, and some are
applicable across multiple industries.

Some of the common benefits of IoT enable businesses to:

• monitor their overall business processes;

• improve the customer experience (CX);

• save time and money;

• enhance employee productivity;

• integrate and adapt business models;

• make better business decisions; and

• generate more revenue.

Generally, IoT is most abundant in manufacturing, transportation and utility organizations, making use of sensors and
other IoT devices; however, it has also found use cases for organizations within the agriculture, infrastructure and home
automation industries, leading some organizations toward digital transformation. IoT can benefit farmers in agriculture
by making their job easier. Sensors can collect data on rainfall, humidity, temperature and soil content, as well as other
factors, that would help automate farming techniques.

The ability to monitor operations surrounding infrastructure is also a factor that IoT can help with. Sensors, for example,
could be used to monitor events or changes within structural buildings, bridges and other infrastructure. This brings
benefits with it, such as cost saving, saved time, quality-of-life workflow changes and paperless workflow.
A home automation business can utilize IoT to monitor and manipulate mechanical and electrical systems in a building.
On a broader scale, smart cities can help citizens reduce waste and energy consumption.

IoT touches every industry, including businesses within healthcare, finance, retail and manufacturing.

Some of the advantages of IoT include the following:

• ability to access information from anywhere at any time on any device;

• improved communication between connected electronic devices;

• transferring data packets over a connected network saving time and money; and

• automating tasks helping to improve the quality of a business's services and reducing the need for human
intervention.

Some disadvantages of IoT include the following:

• As the number of connected devices increases and more information is shared between devices, the potential
that a hacker could steal confidential information also increases.

• Enterprises may eventually have to deal with massive numbers -- maybe even millions -- of IoT devices, and
collecting and managing the data from all those devices will be challenging.

• If there's a bug in the system, it's likely that every connected device will become corrupted.

• Since there's no international standard of compatibility for IoT, it's difficult for devices from different
manufacturers to communicate with each other.
Consumer and enterprise IoT applications
There are numerous real-world applications of the internet of things, ranging from consumer IoT and enterprise IoT to
manufacturing and industrial IoT (IIoT). IoT applications span numerous verticals, including automotive, telecom and
energy.
 • In the consumer segment, for example, smart homes that are equipped with smart thermostats, smart
appliances and connected heating, lighting and electronic devices can be controlled remotely via computers
and smartphones.

• Wearable devices with sensors and software can collect and analyze user data, sending messages to other
technologies about the users with the aim of making users' lives easier and more comfortable. Wearable
devices are also used for public safety -- for example, improving first responders' response times during
emergencies by providing optimized routes to a location or by tracking construction workers' or firefighters'
vital signs at life-threatening sites.

• In healthcare, IoT offers many benefits, including the ability to monitor patients more closely using an
analysis of the data that's generated. Hospitals often use IoT systems to complete tasks such as inventory
management for both pharmaceuticals and medical instruments.

• Smart buildings can, for instance, reduce energy costs using sensors that detect how many occupants are in
a room. The temperature can adjust automatically -- for example, turning the air conditioner on if sensors
detect a conference room is full or turning the heat down if everyone in the office has gone home.

• In agriculture, IoT-based smart farming systems can help monitor, for instance, light, temperature, humidity
and soil moisture of crop fields using connected sensors. IoT is also instrumental in automating irrigation
systems.

• In a smart city, IoT sensors and deployments, such as smart streetlights and smart meters, can help alleviate
traffic, conserve energy, monitor and address environmental concerns, and improve sanitation.
IoT security and privacy issues
The internet of things connects billions of devices to the internet and involves the use of billions of data points, all of
which need to be secured. Due to its expanded attack surface, IoT security and IoT privacy are cited as major
concerns.

In 2016, one of the most notorious recent IoT attacks was Mirai, a botnet that infiltrated domain name server provider
Dyn and took down many websites for an extended period of time in one of the biggest distributed denial-of-service
(DDoS) attacks ever seen. Attackers gained access to the network by exploiting poorly secured IoT devices.

Because IoT devices are closely connected, all a hacker has to do is exploit one vulnerability to manipulate all the data,
rendering it unusable. Manufacturers that don't update their devices regularly -- or at all -- leave them vulnerable to
cybercriminals
Additionally, connected devices often ask users to input their personal information, including names, ages, addresses,
phone numbers and even social media accounts -- information that's invaluable to hackers.

Hackers aren't the only threat to the internet of things; privacy is another major concern for IoT users. For instance,
companies that make and distribute consumer IoT devices could use those devices to obtain and sell users' personal
data. Beyond leaking personal data, IoT poses a risk to critical infrastructure, including electricity, transportation and
financial services
Why does IoT matter?
IoT provides businesses and people better insight into and control over the 99 percent of objects and environments that
remain beyond the reach of the internet. And by doing so, IoT allows businesses and people to be more connected to
the world around them and to do more meaningful, higher-level work.
Lesson 4.3 Smart phones and Mobile Technology
Smartphones have radically changed people’s lives. Before people have to take extra effort in sending messages or
they buy a camera just to take pictures. Today, these functionalities are integrated into one, rectangular – revolutionary
technology that keeps getting smarter and smarter every day. Since then, smartphones are never found out of reach
from people. According to statistics, almost half of the population owns a smartphone. In a 2016 survey conducted by
the Bank of America, 96% of the millennials aged 18 to 24 years old said that smartphones are very important for them.
93% of them even stated that smartphones are more important than deodorant and toothbrush. The survey also found
out that an individual checks his or her smartphone every 6.5 minutes. Everything has its advantages and
disadvantages. let us know how we can benefit from smartphones and at the same time, what the disadvantages of
smartphone technology are.
Advantages of Having Smartphones
Instant Communication

• Smartphones evolved from the earliest communication devices. Thus, it has been created to primarily improve
people’s way of communicating with each other. The advent of smartphone technology modernized communications. It
has paved the way to SMS, text messaging, call, video chat, and apps that allow people to instantly communicate to
everyone across the globe.
Web Surfing

• The smartphones also make it convenient for people to surf the web. These devices are integrated with mobile
browsers that enable them to research and access websites anytime and anywhere. According to a study, 10% of the
total time spent by people on smartphones is used in opening browsers to surf the internet. With this, people have easy
access to information.
Camera
• In this “selfie” generation, the camera is so important. It saves people from buying a separate digital camera to take
photos and videos. Especially now that the millennials are fond of posting photos in the social media. According to a
2014 Comtech study, the camera ranked third as the most important consideration for consumers in buying a
smartphone. With this, smartphone giants make sure their phones are equipped with the best camera.
Entertainment

• Smartphones are also viewed as a source of entertainment – games, music, movies, and books. Based on the 2016
statistics, there are more than 63.7 million people in North America use smartphones for gaming. Moreover, users can
listen to their favorite music with iTunes and Spotify, among others. Watching movies and reading e-books are also
convenient through smartphones
Education

• Smartphones also aid education, especially in children. With easy access to information and helpful content, children
can have a more interactive learning through watching education videos and playing education applications. They can
also easily surf the internet if they want to search something about a topic.
Productivity Apps

• Smartphones can do almost everything with the help of apps. There are over 2 million apps in Google Play Store while
over 1.5 million apps in Apple App Store. People spend 90% of their time accessing apps in which an average user
install 36 apps on their smartphone. The functionality of apps varies from each other – photo and video editor, ticket
booking, online store, payment system, data analysis, personal assistant, etc.
GPS

• Most smartphones now are equipped with Global Positioning System (GPS). This technology allows people to locate
certain addresses and area all around the world. This helped improved not just communication, but most especially,
transportation.
Privacy

• With smartphones, you can do whatever you want without anyone knowing it. You can snap photos of yourself and
secure your photo library with a password. You can also send messages to your loved ones without the fear of anyone
knowing it. Online transactions can also be done through smartphones.
Disadvantages of Having Smartphones
Costly

• Smartphones can be expensive, especially those high-end phones with great specs and features. Apart from the
smartphone itself, some applications require being purchased in order to fully use the other functionalities offered by the
app. If you also want data connectivity, you need to maintain a data plan.
Poor Social Interaction

• Based on the new data released by analytics firm Flurry, people use smartphones at least 5 hours a day. They also
added that people’s usage of apps increases to 69% last 2017. With this, the “real” social interaction degrades. People
no longer interact with people outside as they tend to spend more time with their smartphones.
Distraction

• Despite the productivity, smartphones can really be distracting. Applications notify you when there are messages,
updates, latest offerings, etc. These interrupt the momentum which can potentially affect your productivity. When you
attend to these notifications, you’ll find yourself attached to the phone.
Health Issues

• Smartphones are also found to have a negative impact on your health. Smartphones emit radiofrequency energy
which can be absorbed by the tissues in the body. Sleep deprivation is also one of the common bad effects of using
smartphones. Moreover, phones produce HEV light which can damage your eyes’ retina.
Addiction

• When you wake up in the morning, do you find yourself checking your phone first than anything else? If you do, this is
an early sign of smartphone addiction. This problem may lead to a serious addiction. This may include addiction to
games, social media, etc.
Privacy Threats

• Even if smartphones are made private, there are still security risks and threats everywhere. Hackers are always
present and virtual viruses are potent. Smartphones are vulnerable to these threats when you access the internet.
Thus, you need to be extra cautious of opening sites and links.
Extra Work

• With high-end smartphone comes…extra work. Smartphones are widely used in business. If you find yourself relying
on various apps, then you are working on extra workloads which are not even existent before. Moreover, your boss can
instantly call you even in the middle of the night.
Uncensored Content

• Lastly, there is a disadvantage in easy access to information and the internet. People, especially children can see,
intentionally or not, the uncensored content including violence, pornographic content, etc. If you have children, make
sure you regulate their use of smartphones.
Smartphones are not good or evil, but they are definitely scary. A good balance of freedom and restrictions up to and
through will help users learn to successfully manage their usage on their own.
Lesson 4.4 The Social Media
Social media has grown tremendously in the last few years. From 2006 onwards the growth rate is unexpectedly very
high. Specially Facebook and Twitter have grown much faster and captured millions of users in just a few years. The
way technology is growing, it is obvious that more and more people are going to grasp its benefits. It has brought a lot
of advantages for the society. From progressed nations to under-developed countries, every nation is utilizing the
power of social media to enhance life and use it for the bitterness of the people.

However, on the other hand it has also affected the society in the negative way. Just like anything which can be used
for both good and bad, social media have also provided the negative and positive ways for the people. It is all about the
usage and getting things done positively by using the power of social media. It is in the hands of the user to use to its
advantage. But willingly or unwillingly it can still have negative impacts on the users.

In this lecture note, the advantages and disadvantages of social media to the society will be discussed:
DISADVANTAGES OF SOCIAL MEDIA
Cyberbullying

• According to a report published by PewCenter.org most of the children have become victims of the cyberbullying over
the past. Since anyone can create a fake account and do anything without being traced, it has become quite easy for
anyone to bully on the Internet. Threats, intimidation messages and rumors can be sent to the masses to create
discomfort and chaos in the society.
Hacking

• Personal data and privacy can easily be hacked and shared on the Internet. Which can make financial losses and loss
to personal life. Similarly, identity theft is another issue that can give financial losses to anyone by hacking their
personal accounts. Several personal twitter and Facebook accounts have been hacked in the past and the hacker had
posted materials that have affected the individual’s personal lives. This is one of the dangerous disadvantages of the
social media and every user is advised to keep their personal data and accounts safe to avoid such accidents.
Addiction

• The addictive part of the social media is very bad and can disturb personal lives as well. The teenagers are the most
affected by the addiction of the social media. They get involved very extensively and are eventually cut off from the
society. It can also waste individual time that could have been utilized by productive tasks and activities.
Fraud and Scams

• Several examples are available where individuals have scammed and commit fraud through the social media. For
example, this list contains the 5 social media scams that are done all the time.
Security Issues
• Now a day’s security agencies have access to people personal accounts which makes the privacy almost
compromised. You never know when you are visited by any investigation officer regarding any issue that you
mistakenly or unknowingly discussed over the internet.
Reputation

• Social media can easily ruin someone’s reputation just by creating a false story and spreading across the social
media. Similarly, businesses can also suffer losses due to bad reputation being conveyed over the social media.
Cheating and Relationship Issues

• Most of the people have used the social media platform to propose and marry each other. However, after some time
they turn to be wrong in their decision and part ways. Similarly, couples have cheated each other by showing the fake
feelings and incorrect information.
Health Issues

• The excess usage of social media can also have a negative impact on the health. Since exercise is the key to lose
weight, most of the people get lazy because of the excessive use of social networking sites. Which in result brings
disorder in the routine life. This research by discovery will shock you by showing how bad your health can be affected
by the use of the social media.
Social Media causes death

• Not just by using it, but by following the stunts and other crazy stuffs that are shared on the internet. For example,
bikers doing the unnecessary stunts, people doing the jump over the trains and other life threatening stuffs.
Glamorizes Drugs and Alcohol

• One of the disadvantages of the social media is that people start to follow others who are wealthy or drug addicted
and share their views and videos on the web. Which eventually inspires others to follow the same and get addicted to
the drugs and alcohol.
ADVANTAGES OF SOCIAL MEDIA
Connectivity

• The first and main advantage of the social media is connectivity. People from anywhere can connect with anyone.
Regardless of the location and religion. The beauty of social media is that you can connect with anyone to learn and
share your thoughts.
Education
• Social media has a lot of benefits for the students and teachers. It is very easy to educate from others who are experts
and professionals via the social media. You can follow anyone to learn from him/her and enhance your knowledge
about any field. Regardless of your location and education background you can educate yourself, without paying for it
Help

• You can share your issues with the community to get help and giddiness. Whether it is helping in term of money or in
term of advice, you can get it from the community you are connected with.
Information and Updates

• The main advantage of the social media is that you update yourself from the latest happenings around in the world.
Most of the time, Television and print media these days are biased and does not convey the true message. With the
help of social media, you can get the facts and true information by doing some research.
Promotion

• Whether you have an offline business or online, you can promote your business to the largest audience. The whole
world is open for you, and can promote to them. This makes the businesses profitable and less expensive, because
most of the expenses made over a business are for advertising and promotion. This can be decreased by constantly
and regularly involving on the social media to connect with the right audience.
Noble Cause

• Social media can also be used for the noble causes. For example, to promote an NGO, social welfare activities and
donations for the needy people. People are using social media for donation for needy people and it can be a quick way
to help such people.
Awareness

• Social media also create awareness and innovate the way people live. It is the social media which has helped people
discover new and innovative stuffs that can enhance personal lives. From farmers to teachers, students to lawyers
every individual of the society can benefit from the social media and its awareness factor.
Helps Gov’t and Agencies Fight Crime

• It is also one of the advantages of the social media that it helps Governments and Security Agencies to spy and catch
criminals to fight crime.
Improves Business Reputation

• Just like it can ruin any business reputation, It can also improve business sales and reputation. Positive comments
and sharing about a company can help them with sales and goodwill. Since people are free to share whatever they
want on the social media, it can impact positively when good words are shared.
Helps in Building Communities

• Since our world has different religions and beliefs. Social media helps in building and participating in the community of
own religion and believes to discuss and learn about it. Similarly, people of different communities can connect to
discuss and share related stuffs. For example, Game lover can join games related communities, car lover can join
communities related to cars and so on.
Social media has its advantages and drawbacks as revealed in this lecture note. It is up to each user to use
social sites wisely to enhance our professional and social life, and exercise caution to ensure we do not fall
victim to online dangers.
Lesson 4.5 E-commerce and E-operations
E-operations

The area of e-operations encompasses the processes of how customer commitments get fulfilled through products and
services within companies. This includes procuring products, arranging shipping and transport, and handling production
—in short, developing fulfillment systems for handling the business that e-marketing and ecommerce generate. The
ability to fulfill orders and having the e-operations tools in place to handle them can spell the difference between
success or failure with online initiatives. One example of taking the e-operations approach first and then having the e-
marketing and e-commerce areas reflect the fulfillment capabilities of a company is exemplified in the evolution of
Amazon.com

Electronic commerce or e-commerce (sometimes written as eCommerce) is a business model that lets firms and
individuals buy and sell things over the internet. Ecommerce operates in all four of the following major market
segments:

• Business to business

When a business sells a good or service to another business (e.g. A business sells software-as-a-service for
other businesses to use)

• Business to consumer

When a business sells a good or service to an individual consumer (e.g. You buy a pair of shoes from an online
retailer).

• Consumer to consumer
 When a consumer sells a good or service to another consumer (e.g. You sell your old furniture on eBay to
another consumer).

• Consumer to business

When a consumer sells their own products or services to a business or organization (e.g. An influencer offers
exposure to their online audience in exchange for a fee, or a photographer licenses their photo for a business to
use).

E-commerce, which can be conducted over computers, tablets, or smartphones may be thought of like a digital version
of mail-order catalog shopping. Nearly every imaginable product and service is available through e-commerce
transactions, including books, music, plane tickets, and financial services such as stock investing and online banking.
As such, it is considered a very disruptive technology.

KEY TAKEAWAYS

• E-commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet.

• E-commerce can be a substitute for brick-and-mortar stores, though some businesses choose to
maintain both.

• Almost anything can be purchased through e-commerce today.

• E-commerce lets firms and individuals conduct business over the Internet.

Understanding Electronic Commerce (e-commerce)

E-commerce has helped businesses establish a wider market presence by providing cheaper and more efficient
distribution channels for their products or services. For example, the mass retailer Target has supplemented its brick-
and-mortar presence with an online store that lets customers purchase everything from clothes to coffeemakers to
toothpaste to action figures.

By contrast, Amazon launched its business with an e-commerce-based model of online sales and product delivery. Not
to be outdone, individual sellers have increasingly engaged in e-commerce transactions via their own personal
websites. Finally, digital marketplaces such as eBay or Etsy serve as exchanges where multitudes of buyers and sellers
come together to conduct business.

E-commerce offers consumers the following advantages:

• Convenience. E-commerce can occur 24 hours a day, seven days a week.

• Increased selection. Many stores offer a wider array of products online than they carry in their brick-and-mortar
counterparts. And many stores that solely exist online may offer consumers exclusive inventory that is
unavailable elsewhere.

E-commerce carries the following disadvantages:

• Limited customer service. If you are shopping online for a computer, you cannot simply ask an employee to
demonstrate a particular model's features in person. And although some websites let you chat online with a staff
member, this is not a typical practice.

• Lack of instant gratification. When you buy an item online, you must wait for it to be shipped to your home or
office. However, retailers like Amazon make the waiting game a little bit less painful by offering same-day delivery
as a premium option for select products

• Inability to touch products. Online images do not necessarily convey the whole story about an item, and so e-
commerce purchases can be unsatisfying when the products received do not match consumer expectations.
Case in point: an item of clothing may be made from shoddier fabric than its online image indicates.
Examples of Ecommerce

Ecommerce can take on a variety of forms involving different transactional relationships between businesses and
consumers, as well as different objects being exchanged as part of these transactions.

Retail:

• The sale of a product by a business directly to a customer without any intermediary.

Wholesale:
 • The sale of products in bulk, often to a retailer that then sells them directly to consumers

Drop shipping:

• The sale of a product, which is manufactured and shipped to the consumer by a third party.

Crowdfunding:

• The collection of money from consumers in advance of a product being available in order to raise the startup
capital necessary to bring it to market.

Subscription:

• The automatic recurring purchase of a product or service on a regular basis until the subscriber chooses to cancel.

Physical products:

• Any tangible good that requires inventory to be replenished and orders to be physically shipped to customers as sales
are made.

Digital products:

• Downloadable digital goods, templates, and courses, or media that must be purchased for consumption or
licensed for use.

Services:

• A skill or set of skills provided in exchange for compensation. The service provider’s time can be purchased for
a fee.
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https://www.techmaish.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-social-media-for-society/

https://www.business2community.com/social-media/impact-social-media-truly-society0974685

https://www.shopify.com/encyclopedia/what-is-ecommerce https://www.investopedia.com/terms/e/ecommerce.asp
FRANCES JAY B. PACALDO, LPT, MAED-MATHInstructor, Cebu Technological [email protected](032) 263 7315

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

klasrumNATOni
Disclaimer: This site does not collect any personal information of the users. This is for educational purposes only.
CHAPTER 5
GEE-LIVING IN THE IT ERA
Chapter 5. Video Blog (Vlogs)
Back
Course Pack compiled by: Prof. Frances Jay B. Pacaldo, LPT | Faculty, Department of Mathematics and Statistics |
[email protected]
Course Learning Outcome for the Lesson
1.
integrate the role of technology into personal, professional, social advancement, modern living and human
relationships .
2.

Intended Learning Outcome

1.
design a blog (vlog) that shows appreciation of the latest developments in information technology.
2.
Introduction
Making video blogs or vlogs has become popular to the point that it is a job for a lot of people. If we look back at when it
all started and when vlogging overpowered blogging, it appears that the shift started in 2005 when YouTube came into
being. Almost 5 billion videos are seen on YouTube every single day, which makes vlogging a pretty big deal. People
are preferring to watch more videos. It has become so popular that when kids were asked what they wanted to become
when they grow up, they replied they wanted to be vloggers.
Here are some pointers that tell us the purpose of vlogging and tell us what’s the point of it?

Culture
Vlogging makes the culture familiar. Through vlogs, people can understand the culture of different countries. The
cultural shocks or cultural barriers seem to be less as compared to when there were no vlogs. When a vlogger
makes daily vlogs and showcases their lifestyle and what kind of country they live in, the people of other countries
can easily understand the culture of the vlogger’s country. This helps in understanding other people and their ethics.

Education
As of 2017, there were around 7 billion videos available on YouTube. While a lot of videos are made only for
entertainment purposes, there is an amazing number of videos that help in educational purposes too. A lot of
vloggers make videos to help the viewers in one way or another. They either educate the audience on different
academic topics or try to teach them something else. One of the things that are taking YouTube by a storm is the
photography genre. Photography has become a hobby of a lot of people and YouTubers who know a lot about
Photos, share what they have learned along the way in their careers.

Health
If you look around on YouTube, there are a lot of video makers who are either suffering from different types of
diseases or are differently-abled. Some of the prominent names are Molly Burke, Jordan Bone and also Claire
Wineland (She passed away on September 2, 2019, and was the founder of Claire’s Place Foundation). All of these
vloggers are making a difference in one way or another by sharing their lives and proving the myths wrong. Some
people with Autism and Multiple Personality Disorder are also vloggers and they also share their lives online.
All of these channels help in understanding people with different needs and their requirements. There are a lot of
myths about some diseases in society either from the past or from less interaction with people who suffer from them.
But vlogging is helping differently-abled people and people with diseases. People now recognize the symptoms and
provide the response as the need be.
Entertainment
Everyone loves a bit of entertainment. Vlogging allows people to be entertained or relaxed within 5–6 minutes. In the
past, for entertainment or relaxation people used to watch movies, which could take an hour to two hours out of a
person’s time. But vloggers generally make smaller videos. The normal length of a vlog video is 4–5 minutes, and
this gives the viewers the liberty to watch short videos and get done with it easily.
There are some big guns on YouTube, who are really successful in making entertaining videos.

Information
Vlogging helps in informing the masses. There are a lot of vloggers who make informative videos. People now use
search engines to search for informative videos. Vloggers use videos to spread awareness about different causes,
some examples are bullying, LGBT+ community, etc.

It Makes Everything More Human

In the past, people didn’t know how businesses run and how work is done behind the scenes. But, vlogging has
made it easier for the creators or entrepreneurs to share their journey with the audience. With this, they not only
connect with the audience but it also makes the whole journey more real for the audience. The audience feels a real
connection with the creators and they find themselves more inclined to support the creators because of that.

A Community of Like-Minded People

One of the benefits the vloggers have is that once they start building an audience, they formulate a community of
like-minded people. Those people who have an interest in similar topics and likes similar things come together and
support the vlogger. This community of like-minded people creates an amazing atmosphere. The comments help in
connecting the people together, and the creator also comes to know the opinions, likes, and dislikes of the viewers.

Connecting with People

Vlogging helps connect with people from all over the world. The videos created by the creator reach the audience all
over the world and that’s how it helps people connect with each other. It also helps in gaining exposure and makes
the creators stand out in the community.
Making a Difference
Vlogging also allows people to make a difference. People share their opinions on a lot of different things, and as a
result of that, they make a difference in the world. It also helps people in sharing the discrimination that happened to
them or someone else which in turn helps them get justice.

Revenue
One more benefit of vlogging is that it creates revenue for the creator. Revenue is also one of the reasons that
vlogging has become a job for a lot of people. Revenue comes in different forms, through affiliate marketing, through
sponsorships, and through advertisements.

All the points mentioned above are some of the benefits of vlogging and together they all make vlogging such an aspired job in the
young generation. One of the things that set vlogging apart from blogging is also the fact that in this fast-paced world people don’t
have the time to read. People’s inclination towards watching short and to the point videos also makes Vlogging such a growing field.
In this lecture we will talk about the History of Vlogging in the World and in the Philippines, its advantages and disadvantages, and
on how to create a Video Blog.

Lesson 1. Origin of Blog (Vlog)

The Vlog Blog: History of Vlogging
Video production is a broad term used to refer to the process of creating a video by capturing moving images.
Productions range in size and shape, from commercials to business marketing to music videos to films. But what about
homegrown personally-produced videos? They may not hold as much weight in terms of production value, but with the
increase in consumer cameras, GoPros, smartphones, and laptops, this subcategory has boomed, allowing for a new
type of video production: video blogs, or vlogs.
A vlog is essentially just what the name implies: a form of a blog in which the medium is video. More and more people
are flipping the camera on themselves and “writing” their blogs by speaking about a topic or simply recounting their day.
Basically, if I was to turn a camera on myself, speak my blog aloud, and post the video online.
You probably have never heard of the name Adam Kontras, but he is credited with creating the world’s first vlog.
Kontras set off on a cross-country road trip to Los Angeles to pursue his dream of being in show business, and he
wrote blog entries along the way to inform his friends and family of his adventures. On January 2, 2000, he posted a
video with his first blog entry, and there was born the first vlog. “The Journey” videos, as they became known, always
accompanied a blog entry, which was a more in-depth account; the videos simply began as supplements to the written
stories, but nevertheless, he has still been credited as the first vlogger.
(world’s first video blog. The video shows Kontras smuggling his cat into a hotel with a “No Pets” policy)

It doesn't seem like much now. But at the time, adding video to a blog was groundbreaking stuff! And, of course, he
didn't know it then, but “The Journey” became the first video blog of all time. Kontras still continues creating vlogs today,
and (as of this writing) has now reached entry #1760 on his YouTube channel.
Speaking of YouTube, vlogging saw a strong increase in popularity beginning in 2005, likely due to the launch of
YouTube in February 2005, which has since become the most popular video sharing site to date. By July 2006, it had
become the fifth most popular web destination, with 100 million videos viewed daily and 65,000 new uploads per day.
Vlogging has come a long way since Kontras’ first 15-second video and has had some major phases of growth with
new technology. Below are the major milestones in this history of the vlog.
The Precursors to Vlogs (1980-1999)

The word vlog is short for “video log” or “video blogging” which gives a hint as to what came before the vlog: blogging.
The blog (or weblog) had come six years before the first vlog in 1994 as individuals began to use the internet to
chronical their lives, learnings, and findings of the interesting things they found online. In the beginning, blogs were
limited to those who knew how to build and modify static HTML websites slowing the number of blogs produced. It
wasn’t until 1999 that easy HTML text editors (notably Open Diary, Live Journal, and Blogger) were launched that blogs
proliferated.
Another part of what makes vlogs unique is the first-person storytelling style that comes from the narrator also being the
main camera operator. Before the internet was publicly available to upload videos, there were individuals shooting in
this hand-held, first-person shooting that in the early 1980s. For example, Nelson Sullivan recorded videos around his
home in New York City and aimed to turn that footage into his own television show before he died in 1989.
Notable People:
Nelson Sullivan: One of the first to use a vlog-like video shooting style in the 1980’s.
Justin Hall: Widely regarded as the first blogger in 1994 as he published to links.net with new information he found around the early
internet.

Jorn Barger: Attributed with coining the phrase “weblog” or “blog” as shorthand for “logging the web”.

The First Vlog & Early Vlogging (2000-2004)

With the rapid growth of blogging in 1999, it wasn’t long before the first video was uploaded and added to a blog post to
form the first vlog. Adam Kontras was the first to accomplish this on January 2nd, 2000 when he posted a 15-second
video of himself sneaking a cat into his apartment building. He had been documenting his personal journey for friends
and family to Los Angeles to make it in show business. Since then, Kontras has continued vlogging making him the
longest active vlogger on the internet.
The term “vlog”, however, came a few years after the first video was posted. In the same year, Adrian Miles posted a
video to his blog and dubbed it a vog, but it wasn’t until 2002 when filmmaker and musician, Luuk Bouwman started
uploading a video diary of his post-college travels that the term “vlog” was used. In 2004, filmmaker Steve Garfiled also
started a vlog and dubbed 2004 as the “year of the vlog”. Little did he know how big vlogging would become in just a
few short years.
Notable Early Vloggers:
Adam Kontras: The first vlogger and the longest active vlogger (as of this writing in 2019)
Luuk Bouwman: Vlogger who coined the term “vlog”.

YouTube and the Democratization of Video Publishing (2005-2010)

As with the slow growth of early blogging, vlogging was hindered by the technical difficulty of uploading, storing, and
publishing online videos. Vlogging grew slowly since the first vlog was published and 2004 had even been dubbed the
“year of the vlog” but vlogging was still not well known. This was changed, however, with the Launch of YouTube in
December of 2005. YouTube made it possible for vlogging to grow beyond the more technically gifted vloggers.
Within six months YouTube grew rapidly to the point where it was receiving 100 million views and 65 thousand uploads
of videos a day. Many of today’s popular vloggers like iJustine, Philip DeFranco, and Grace Helbig first started their
channels in this year (2006).

Notable Early Vloggers on YouTube:

Justine Ezarik: Famous early vlogger who recently published a book (I, Justine) reflecting on what it was like documenting her life
on YouTube for the world to see.

Grace Helbig: After the success of her first YouTube channel, Grace went on to multiple successful ventures in online video,
television, and film projects.
Jessica Rose: A 19-year-old actress uploading intimate journal entries as a teenager “Bree”. The videos seemed authentic and
gained publicity before Jessica revealed that they were fictional.
John & Hank Green: Known for their YouTube channel the Vlog Brothers.
Smart Phones Open the Door for Everybody to Vlog (2010-2015)

In the early days of YouTube point-and-shoot cameras were common items in a household and made it easy for
anybody who had a desire to make videos to get started, but it wasn’t until the smartphone became mainstream and put
a camera within reach of most people 24 hours a day that vlogging became truly accessible to all. While the iPhone
was introduced in 2007, it wasn’t until 2010 that the smartphone became a mainstream device. The cultural
phenomenon made it simple for anybody to record a video and upload that video directly to YouTube in less than a
minute.
At the same time, the rapid growth of smartphone also increased the viewership of YouTube videos. Through the
2010’s YouTubes views would grow along with the amount of time people spent consuming content on their phones.
One device fueled the rapid growth of the creation and consumption of online video.
Notable Vlogger From this Time:
Shay Carl: Shay produced a popular vlog around the daily life of his family. He was the featured vlogger of the YouTube sponsored
documentary Vlogumentary.
Casey Neistat’s Effect on the World of Vlogging (2015-Current)

By 2015, there were thousands of vloggers uploading videos, but one independent filmmaker would start their vlog in
the same year that would elevate the whole category. Casey Neistat had seen success in the mainstream media with
his HBO show, the Neistat Brothers, and had won multiple awards as a filmmaker, but it wasn’t until he began vlogging
that the world took note of Casey. He brought a new level of excellence to the discipline of vlogging that no one had
quite yet accomplished on a daily basis. For 534 days in a row, he uploaded a vlog at a higher level of excellence that
had a profound influence on the vlogging community. To the point that “copying Casey” became the norm for vlogging.

https://www.youtube.com/user/caseyneistat
Before 2015, most vlogs were shot on point-and-shoot cameras or smartphones, vloggers consistently used a point-of-
view angle, and vlogs received minimal editing. Casey brought with him a new level of storytelling, camera angles, and
advance video cuts that elevated the entertainment value of a single vlog. Today, most vloggers use a DSLR or
mirrorless camera with a shotgun microphone, have a multitude of camera angles that enhance the story, and often
spend hours editing a single vlog upload. Casey Neistat set a higher bar for the vlogging community which gained it
more viewership and influenced more vloggers to follow suite.
The Future of Vlogging

Today, vlogging is at a high as a trend, yet still isn’t mainstream enough for my computers autocorrect to not recognize
the words vlog, vlogging, or vlogger as blog, blogging, or blogger. Time will tell if it continues to grow, fade away, or
evolve into something else, but, I still hear more and more often “YouTuber” as a career aspiration.
Vlog has a solid future ahead and is still in its early years for three reasons:

1.
Technology is still improving rapidly, making it easier every year to make and distribute better videos.
2.

1.
People love to follow other people. They might like their favorite brands, companies, and causes, but we all tend to trust
and cling more to the stories of individual people.
2.

1.
Live video has its place, but it can’t replace the work of video editing. It’s one of the reasons Neistats app, Beme (an
app for sharing raw unedited video), failed while his highly edited vlog did.
2.
Vlogging in the Philippines
The word vlog came from the term “video log”, which was defined as “a personal website or social media account where
a person regularly posts short videos.” It was coined in the 1980s, where Nelson Sullivan had created a recorded video
around New York City and South Carolina.
Later on, it transpired globally and was also introduced in the Philippines.
A lot of social media platforms paved the way for vlogging to popularize in the Philippines. However, the most utilized is
YouTube, a video-sharing website established by Chad Hurley, Steve Chen, and Jawed Karim back in 2005. Vlogging
mobilized YouTube since it provided a free platform for aspiring vloggers to share their own content. Although it was
made available to audiences worldwide, only those who owned a personal computer with an internet connection are
able to use it.
After years of innovation, YouTube became handier–thanks to the invention of smartphones that granted easier access
to audience’s reach. Thus, boosting vloggers into a wider sphere. In addition to this, the advent of smartphones also
made it possible for vloggers to extend their content outside of their homes
With this in mind, does the current state of vlogging make it a sustainable career?
There are several vlog categories patronized by the audience today. Examples are review and unboxing products,
comedy vlogs, travel vlogs, beauty, fashion or fitness vlogs, how-to vlogs, gamer, lifestyle vlogs, and a lot more.
Therefore, there are numerous unique contents a vlogger may opt to create.
Aside from content making, the equipment needed for production is quite attainable. Most vloggers make use of high-
quality cameras–but again, the birth of smartphones has made video making easier and possible.
Of course, microphones are also necessary for audio quality. The cheapest microphone for vlogging is sold in the
market at around P800 (around $16). Lastly, the post-production or the editing and uploading essentials. Even if you
don’t have your own laptop and internet connection, computer shops are scattered all over the metro. Rental ranges
from P10-50 per hour, which makes it manageable for aspiring Filipino vloggers to pursue their dreams!
In an article by INQUIRER.net, Filipino vloggers such as Michelle Dy, Wil Dasovich, Ranz and Niana, AC Bonifacio,
Pamela Swing, and Erwan Heusaff have risen and made names for themselves.
How much can a YouTube creator earn from vlogging?

There are two ways in order for a vlogger to earn money from YouTube, through YouTube Red subscriptions and
through advertisements.
YouTube Red subscriptions, also known as YouTube premium, is where viewers can get special benefits of watching
videos without ads, however with a monthly recurring fee. YouTube calculates the amount a YouTube vlogger earns
based on the length of time the viewers watch his/her content compared to other contents.
Vloggers also profit from advertisements. Large companies invest tons of money in advertisements since this informs
the market of their available product. A YouTube vlogger can be paid directly to mention a certain product, or do a
review about it.
Aside from that, there’s also a program called Google AdSense that allows YouTube vloggers to profit from their very
own channel. A vlogger has to be under the YouTube Partner Program (YPP) for his or her content be monetized
through Google AdSense. Having a minimum of 1,000 subscribers and at least 4,000 worth of watch hours, or the total
calculated amount of time spent by viewers on one’s videos, in the last 12 months, are some of the requirements to
monetize through ads. Google AdSense will then serve as a platform to match advertisements to a YouTube channel.
To elaborate on how Google AdSense works, companies pay Google to flash an ad on a corresponding YouTube
video. A YouTube vlogger earns a specific amount of money whenever one of the videos on the YouTube channel is
clicked by a viewer. According to Techglimpse.ph, for every 1,000 views on YouTube, a vlogger can earn a rate of
P12.82 (est. $0.25) to as much as P200 (est. $4).
Filipino YouTube vlogger Cathy “Alex” Gonzaga, mentioned in an interview about “Google-prefered” channels or a list
of channels prioritized on the social media platform. This list is mostly composed of foreign vloggers. She also added
that the CPM (cost per mile) depends on the country’s audience a vlogger caters to.
These content creators are generalized based on their subscribers, likers, and viewers. The more they have of these,
the more companies that invest in them. The more videos they post, the more income they earn!
There are no signs of hitting the breaks in the world of vlogging. Anyone can achieve the dream of being a vlogger
since as mentioned before, this is dependent mostly on how you want to brand yourself. An aspiring person must
always keep in mind a quote by Israelmore Ayivor, “Success is not obtained overnight. It comes in installments; you get
a little bit today, a little bit tomorrow until the whole package is given out. The day you procrastinate, you lose that day’s
success.” No one is able to achieve overnight fame, therefore everyone must work hard, be patient and be persistent if
they want to achieve their desired goals.
Philippines’ First Vlogger

Wil Lising Dasovich (born August 26, 1991), also known as Wil Dasovich, is a Filipino-American television personality,
model, and vlogger.
Wil is a multi-award-winning Youtuber and travel vlogger from San Francisco, California. His videos first started going
viral when he began traveling around Asia and documenting his everyday wild lifestyle. His vlogs are a never-ending
adventure from country to country as he experiences different cultures and lives a life of spontaneity. His videos are
well known for his high energy, wild antics, fitness and nutrition tips, motivational talks, and his successful battle against
cancer. His most recent successful endeavor is his wellness podcast “Superhuman” ranked #20 in the health category
on the Spotify USA Charts which focuses on teaching people how to live a longer, healthier, and more full-filling life.
Philippines Most Popular YouTube Channels

Top YouTube influencers of the Philippines overall:

1.
ALEX GONZAGA
2.
Alex Gonzaga is one of the most well-known YouTube personalities. She launched her YouTube channel in 2017 and
has influenced other celebrities, including her sister, to start their own channels.
Subscriber Count: 9.09M subscribers
Views: 22.5M views in the last 30 days
1.
MIMIYUUUH
2.
Mimiyuuuh went viral in 2019 after participating in an online challenge called Dalagang Pilipina. After that, she
surpassed a million subscribers in just six months.
She has a great knack for including brand collaborations in her videos, and has worked with celebrities like Pia
Wurtzbach and Sarah Geronimo in her videos.
Subscriber Count: 3.54M subscribers
Views: 12.6M views in the last 30 days
1.
WIL DASOVICH
2.
After starting out in show business with Pinoy Big Brother, Wil decided to transition into being a YouTube vlogger. In
2016, he was one of the fastest-growing vloggers in the Philippines. We’ve worked with him on a travel project and he
was great to partner with!
He continues to make videos about his life and features personal stories about his girlfriend Alodia Gosiengfiao, his
family, and celebrity friends Erwan Heussaff and Nico Bolzico.
Subscriber Count: 2.62M subscribers
Views: 4.8M views in the last 30 days
1.
BENEDICT CUA
2.
Benedict Cua transitioned from the corporate world and became a YouTube superstar. He has a great sense of humor
which he incorporates into his content.
He started vlogging in 2018 and now has several collaborations with YouTubers like Mimiyuuuh and Kristel Fulgar.
Subscriber Count: 1.51M subscribers
Views: 1.39M views in the last 30 days
1.
PAMELA SWING
2.
She started her YouTube channel in 2014 and started out in makeup and fashion. Since then, she’s transitioned into
lifestyle content and love for gaming. Her unique and funny personality also shows in her videos.
Subscriber Count: 2.44M subscribers
Views: 614k views in the last 30 days
1.
RAIZA CONTAWI
2.
Raiza is one of the most well-loved make-up vloggers in the Philippines. She mostly focuses on make-up and beauty
tips on her channel, but has also started releasing more day-in-a-life vlog content.
Subscriber Count: 607K subscribers
Views: 238K views in the last 30 days
1.
CAMILLE CO
2.
Camille is an OG blogger. Her content on YouTube focuses on beauty and fashion but also features stories about her
life with her husband.
Subscriber Count: 178K subscribers
Views: 202K views in the last 30 days
 1.
KRYZ UY
2.
Kryz is also part of the blogger besties and is most recently a new mom. She shares parts of her life with the Skyfam on
her vlog as well as both the highs and lows of her life.
Subscriber Count: 625K subscribers
Views: 3.26M views in the last 30 days
1.
SHEK’S DIARY
2.
Shek is one of the most open vloggers and probably shares everything under the sun from her life with her family to her
plastic surgery experiences. She’s worked with brands like Nivea and other brands that target moms and women.
Subscriber Count: 603K subscribers
Views: 367K views in the last 30 days
1.
ANNE CLUTZ
2.
Anne started making comedy skits in 2013, but has now focused on beauty and mom-related topics. She mentions that
being a successful YouTuber involves creativity, hard work, and being true to yourself.
Subscriber Count: 1.05M subscribers
Views: 3.15M views in the last 30 days

Lesson 2. Advantages and Disadvantages of Vlogs

Some bloggers may be hesitant to include video on their blog. To be fair, there are a few very legitimate concerns that
bloggers have with video. However, there are also many advantages that video blogging can provide.
Here we’ll go in depth to analyze the pros and cons of video blogging.
Disadvantages of Video Blogging
1. They’re intimidated by the technology
To create a video blog, you need a camera and some kind of editing software. Some vloggers use their
webcam. Others use an actual camera, but then you need a cable to upload the video to the computer.
Information Week has a very thorough article analyzing different video editing programs. If you can’t afford
these, Microsoft should come with a video editor, Windows Movie Maker. It’s better than nothing and good for
those just learning to vlog.
2. They don’t know how to incorporate it into their blog
Different blogging platforms may have different ways to upload the video. If you lack experience with computers
and the internet, it may seem overwhelming. However, for Blogger.com, Google has a page describing how to
upload video to guide you through the process.
3. It’s harder to optimize your site with video
Since video doesn’t have a text element that search engines can read, it can be very difficult to optimize a site
that’s all video. Search engines won’t crawl it, even if it is perfect for relevant searches – they simply have no
idea that it’s relevant.
Of course, there are things you can do to address this. Make sure you include a relevant keyword in your post
title. You can also add a short paragraph explaining what the video is about. This not only helps optimize the
post, but gives readers an idea of what the video is about.
4. They require more bandwidth
On some sites, video may take longer to load. If it takes too long, this could defeat the point if including video at
all. Some visitors may grow impatient and leave your site. Furthermore, since video does attract more videos,
on top of the size of the video, you may also have more viewers on your site, which can overwhelm the server.
Advantages of Video Blogging
1. Stand Out from other bloggers
Despite how popular video sites like YouTube are, many bloggers still don’t use it on their sites. So, using video
will help your blog stand out from all the others. Having something unique to offer is what makes readers come
back to your blog.
2. Catch more people’s interest
 Videos are easier for visitors and probably take less time, too. People today will probably be more interested in
watching something than in taking the time to read a post.
3. Connect with your readers
It’s nice for your readers to see a face behind all that text. It makes the whole experience more personal and
friendlier, and so much of blogging is about networking and building relationships. Seeing a blogger’s face can
aid that networking process.
4. Expand your outreach
You can post your videos on multiple websites in addition to your blog. Websites like YouTube or TubeMogul
will allow you to post video, and you can include a link to your website on the same page. A lot of people use
YouTube already, so it expands your potential audience. Not only are you making it easier for more people to
come across the link to your blog, but you’re appealing to a different type of audience as well.
5. Enjoy more creative flexibility
Video is a versatile form of media. You can use it to show anything, from a screen cast of your screen to a short
skit to a how to – anything you can imagine. You can take a screen cast of how to use PhotoShop, or you can
film yourself teaching your bloggers how to bake a cake.
Not all vlogs can be successful, but it is up to whether to stop or to continue working until it will be a success.
Lesson 3. How to Create a Vlog
YouTube is not just a site for watching funny viral videos anymore. In the 15 years since the platform launched, it has
become a digital powerhouse. It’s the second most visited website on the Internet and is the second most popular
search engine. YouTube only comes second to Google.

Vlogging, or video blogging, is a YouTube mainstay. In the early years of the site, people simply used the platform to
create video diaries for friends and family members. Today, it’s a multi-million dollar industry. PewDiePie, the most
subscribed individual YouTuber of all time, reportedly has an eight-figure net worth. All from creating fun gaming videos
that people love to watch.

The beauty of YouTube is that anyone can get started. Whether you’re someone who simply wants to share their life
with others or a business owner wanting to engage with your audience on a more personal level, YouTube is the
perfect place to so.
While it may seem simple, establishing your channel and growing an audience takes time and a lot of dedication. In this
step by step guide, we’re going to give you the tools and know-how to launch your vlog and start gaining subscribers.

How to Start a Vlog?

1: Understand Your Audience and Find Your Niche

It’s not uncommon to hear some not-so-nice things about vloggers from those who aren’t familiar with the world of
YouTube. Because the platform is accessible to anyone, a lot of people have a hard time understanding why large
amounts of people decide to follow particular content creators.

Truth is, vlogging on YouTube is a business on its own.

Some of the most successful vloggers are smart business people who cater to their audience’s needs.

The first thing that you should do is figure out your niche and get a better understanding of who your vlogs are going to
target.

Your niche is going to be the core theme of your channel. Are you going to focus on one particular topic or are you
going to publish random videos? If you’re looking to be successful, go with the former. Millions of video bloggers have
tried to find success on YouTube. Yet, only a small number of them actually end up being successful. Why do you think
that is?

Well, let’s take a look at some of the biggest names on the platform. PewDiePie has tens of millions of subscribers.
While he has expanded his channel a bit to include different kinds of content, his main niche is still gaming. He gained
recognition by creating enjoyable commentary and showing his reaction to popular games. Eventually, that gaming
niche became massive.

Then, we have beauty YouTubers. Vloggers like NikkieTutorials, RCLBeauty, and more have attracted attention by
reviewing products and creating unique makeup tutorials that their followers can try out at home.

Those are just a couple of niche examples. Truth is, your niche can be anything. There’s a lot of interest in crafts, travel
blogs, art, and more. As long as there is a sizable audience that’s willing to watch your vlogs, you can see success in
any niche. Consider doing something that you’re truly passionate about and will enjoy vlogging about.
If you’re a business, you already have your niche covered. You can then start to think about branching out and learning
more about how your company fits into the YouTube landscape.

The Importance of Knowing Your Audience

Once you have found your niche, you need to learn more about who your audience is and what they’ll like. YouTube is
a colorful platform and you’re going to find a wide variety of video styles. The same fun and flouncy video style that
beauty vloggers use are not going to cut it if your target audience is primarily middle-aged professionals.

To increase your chances of success, you have to cater your content to your audience.

2: Get Some Vlogging Inspiration

When you launch your channel, you have the opportunity to stand on the shoulders of giants. So, why not take a bit of
inspiration from them? Take a look at all of your favorite vloggers and check out some popular channels that are related
to your niche.

What are they doing well?

Is there anything that you can provide that audience that those video bloggers aren’t?

The goal of gaining inspiration is not to become a clone-copy of another YouTuber. Viewers are looking for originality.
They want a new take on the things they love.

That doesn’t mean that you have to come up with an idea that has never been seen before. You just need to add your
own personal touch that helps you stand out. Take some time to see what the platform has to offer and work from there.

3: Familiarize Yourself With the Platform

One of the biggest mistakes you can make is not understanding how YouTube works. There are thousands of
examples of this on the platform. Big-name companies create tone-deaf content all the time thinking that it’s going to be
a hit with audiences. However, their lack of knowledge on the platform is plain as day. Ultimately, those videos end up
getting lost in the shuffle and not seeing any success.
Spend some time familiarizing yourself with how YouTube works. Use the search engine and see what kinds of titles
come up. Look at channel pages, thumbnails, and keywords. When you’re watching videos, pay attention to how your
favorite vloggers are promoting other videos through interactive links or subtitles.

All of those fine details can make all the difference in the future. Understanding how they work now will give you the
knowledge you need to start your channel off on the right foot.

It’s also a good idea to familiarize yourself with the technical side of things.

Take a look at the YouTube Creator Studio.

This is a platform that vloggers use to upload their content. It has a few handy tools, such as an audio library and a
video management system. Most importantly, you’ll find information about the video formats that YouTube supports.
YouTube accepts many different kinds of video files, but there are some limitations with file size, aspect ratio, and
more. Get familiar with these specs so that you don’t end up producing a video you can’t even upload.

You should also pay attention to the overall YouTube environment as well. One good way to do this is to visit the
trending page. The trending page shows you what’s currently popular. Not only can this give you some video ideas for
the future, but you can pull playback information from those popular videos and use it to guide your own. For example,
you’ll find that a vast majority of those videos are longer than 10 minutes.

4: Make Your YouTube Channel and Brand Yourself

Now we’re getting to the fun stuff. It’s time to create your YouTube channel! Creating a channel is very easy to do and
won’t cost you a dime. If you have ever subscribed to another vlogger’s channel or written comments under a video,
you probably already have one. Every user has the opportunity to upload videos, so every user name is attached to a
channel.

If that’s the case, consider creating a new channel from scratch. It’s always a good idea to separate your professional
vlogging channel and your viewing account. This can help you maintain your brand and prevent any of your activity
from ruining all of your hard work. All you have to do is provide some basic information and you’ll have a channel set up
in minutes.
At this point, you should spend some time building your brand. Take a look at any professional vlogger’s channel page
and you’ll see strategic branding throughout. Most have a profile photo that represents what their channel is about, an
attractive banner photo, and links to any social media accounts they may have.

While it might not seem like much, those small details make your channel look legitimate, even if you haven’t published
any videos yet. Keep things simple and make sure that you use high-quality media that will interest your target
demographic. Gaudy graphics and cheap photoshop work aren’t going to cut it. Follow modern advertising principles
and treat your channel page as if it were a billboard for your upcoming content. If you’re a business that already has
some branding, half of the work is already done.

You can also make a short video intro or channel trailer. You don’t have to do this right away, but it’s something to
consider.

5: Invest in Good Gear

It’s a common misconception that you have to spend thousands of dollars on a high-end video camera. Many
successful YouTubers indeed use gear that rivals what professional filmmakers have. However, they didn’t start off that
way.

With today’s technology, you can create some great videos with your smartphone. Modern mobile devices are capable
of shooting up to 4K video quality. Most viewers are only going to be watching in 1080p or lower resolutions, so that
device in your pocket should do just fine.

Alternatively, you can go with a DSLR, mirrorless camera, or dedicated camcorder. It’s good to go with a model that has
a reversible screen that you can use as a monitor. Though, it’s not completely necessary. Just don’t spend thousands
of dollars to upgrade your gear to the very best. As long as your equipment records high-resolution video, you should
be good to go.

Mics, Lighting, and Other Gear

Your recording arsenal doesn’t stop at your camera. You also need to be able to pick up good sound. This is one of the
biggest issues with vlogging. Far too many people are uploading videos with awful sound. No one wants to listen to the
wind roaring outside. They don’t want to have to turn the volume up to max to hear you speak either.

Investing in a simple external microphone can make a noticeable difference. You can get a standard boom microphone
that attaches directly to your camera or go the extra mile and get a lapel microphone. Windscreens are also essential if
you plan on going outside to film. Either way, they’re easy upgrades that can take your videos to another level.

Next up, you’ll need something to mount your recording equipment on. Tripods are relatively affordable and come in a
variety of designs to meet your needs. Traditional tripods are great for DSLR cameras and basic vlogging cameras. You
can also get stabilizing selfie sticks, flexible outdoor tripods, and more.

Finally, there’s the lighting. What’s the one thing that all professional vloggers have in common? They use ample
lighting. A simple ring light can illuminate your face and provide a professional touch to your vlog. If you have a vlogging
set, a couple of box lights will ensure that the background is lit, too. Lights are quite affordable and easy to set up.

You’ll also need some quality editing software, but we’ll get into that in a bit.

6: Create an Outline
Once everything is set up and ready to go, it’s time to make an outline. This can be as complex or simple as you want it
to be. You don’t have to write out a full script. In fact, we don’t recommend that at all. Some of the best YouTube videos
were made on the fly. Reading from a script will only make you seem unauthentic and monotonous.

Instead, consider creating a basic outline of the topics you want to cover or what you want your video content to
contain. If you’re doing a basic talking vlog, jot down some keywords and put the paper in an area that you can see.
This will help you stay on track as you talk.

It’s a good idea to plan out videos ahead of time. While you can always edit out awkward pauses later, there’s no way
to make quality content materialize when you’re not prepared. By creating an outline you can hit all the points you want
to cover efficiently and focus on having fun.
7: Lights, Camera, Action!
Now, you can finally make your first video. This is often the hardest step in the process. Despite all of the preparation,
many would-be vloggers get nervous when it’s time to hit that record button. If you want your own vlog to be successful,
you have to start somewhere.

Use your outline to create your first vlog. Just relax and be yourself. YouTube users reward authenticity. They prefer it
when vloggers are natural, comfortable, and having fun.

We have some great vlogging tips that can help you feel at ease and make the most out of your time on-screen.

The first is to interact with your audience. Don’t think of your future viewers as simple numbers and statistics. They’re
people with unique opinions and thoughts. Speak to the camera as if you were speaking to them directly. Ask questions
and invite them to leave comments.

Next, don’t be afraid to have fun. Your video is not live, so take this opportunity to try new things and have a good time.
You can always watch the footage back later and take out anything you don’t like. The key is to not feel pressured to
say the right thing ever sentence.

Another tip is to be personal. Again, YouTube users like it when people show personality in their videos. It makes it
easier to connect with the person on the opposite side of the screen. Convey personal stories and speak passionately
about the topic.

Finally, consider using personal phrases to start and end your blog. This is pretty common among the vlogging
community. Most YouTubers have their own signature phrase or hand gesture. It’s a nice personal touch that also
becomes part of your branding for new videos in the future.

8: Take Some Time to Edit

Video editing is one of the most important parts of creating a good video. Some vlog channels have launched empires
based on quirky editing alone. You don’t have to come up with a groundbreaking editing style to be successful. But, you
do need to make sure that things are clean and professional looking.
There are a ton of video editing software options on the market. While you can go all out and invest in Final Cut Pro or
Adobe Premiere Pro, you can also get a lot done with free apps on your Windows or Mac. You can even get away with
using Windows Movie Maker or iMovie on your computer to make simple cuts. There are even some great apps for
iPhone and Android that you can take advantage of if you recorded on your smartphone.

During your edits, you should focus on making the video look as good as possible. Cut out any awkward silences and
compile clips into one cohesive story. You can also implement graphics, perform color correction, and balance audio.
How much editing you choose to do is entirely up to you.

If you’re not that knowledgeable in editing, you can also hire contractors to get the job done for you. You can easily find
freelance editors on gig sites. Just make sure that you present your ideas clearly so that they know what you’re after.

9: Upload and Optimize

Uploading a new video to your channel is pretty simple. Though, it may take some time depending on the resolution
and overall file size.

As you wait for the video to upload and render, you can start optimizing it to ensure that it’s seen. There are several
ways that you can do this. YouTube is, essentially, a large search engine that provides access to millions of videos.
You can treat your video like a webpage and perform search engine optimization techniques to increase your exposure.

Write eye-catching titles

The first way you can do this is through the title. Eye-catching titles are the best way to attract viewers. Your title should
be clear, concise, and fun. Before you publish the video, write down some keywords that pertain to your vlog. Use the
most powerful keyword in your title. This will increase the chances of your video popping up on a results page for that
query. You can also implement some secondary keywords into the description text that’s found below the video player.

YouTube SEO
Next, you’ll want to provide tags for the video. Tags are an important factor in SEO ranking for YouTube. These tags
can be added to the video through the Creator Studio for your channel. Choose tags that pertain to the content, as
these tags are used by YouTube to get a better understanding of what the video is about. They may be used to
recommend your video to viewers or to include your content on a results page.

Create attractive thumbnails

Last, but not least, there’s the thumbnail. The thumbnail is a visual representation of your video. Think of it as the box
art for a DVD. It gives viewers a quick glimpse of what you have to offer. So, it needs to be eye-popping.

The YouTube Creator Studio can automatically select a thumbnail from a screenshot of your video. But, most
professional YouTubers make their own. This can be done on a photo editing software. There are a ton of thumbnail
style to model yours after. The general consensus is to use bright colors, attractive backgrounds, and simple text.

Nick Nimmin has created a very good video on how to create the perfect Youtube Thumbnail. Check it out…

10: Engage Your Audience and Utilize Social Media

If you optimized your free video well, you should start seeing some views pop up. Don’t expect to see a massive influx
of viewers. YouTube is all about slow growth and consistency. To get those viewers to come back for future content,
keep them engaged.

Reply to comments and interact with your audience. Don’t take criticism personally. The last thing you want to do is get
into a fight with someone in the comment section. This is the Internet. People can be unreasonably rude just because
they’re anonymous. As they say on YouTube, “Don’t feed the trolls.”

Respond to viewers who want to engage with you. Create social media accounts and invite those viewers to follow you
on other platforms. You can then start promoting new vlogs on those accounts to produce organic growth over time.
11: Use Analytics to Improve
The great thing about the YouTube Creator Studio is that you’re given access to some important analytics information.
As your channel grows, you can use this information to adjust your content accordingly. There are many types of data
available for you to see. You can find information about where your viewers are located, how old they are, and more.
YouTube even provides audience retention graphs. These graphs can tell you how long people stay on your video,
when they decide to click off, and more. After viewing the data, look at your video and see what made people click off.
Make adjustments to your next video until you find something that works for both you and your audience. Once you find
that sweet spot, you can improve your retention and gain even more followers.

Beyond the information that’s provided by YouTube, you can use general Google analytics to craft your future content.
Making videos about current trends is always a good idea. People are already searching for related content. So, why
not jump on the train and give the people what they want. Google Analytics can show you popular keywords and topics
that you can use for video ideas.

12: Stay Vigilant

This is an important step in the process.

It’s easy to give up when your view count isn’t climbing as fast as you want it to. Just remember that many big vloggers
went unnoticed for years before they amassed a large audience.

Consider creating a production schedule that you can stick to. Many YouTubers publish at least one new video a week.
Some do more and some only release videos every few months. The key is to keep the quality up and continue making
relevant content that your audience enjoys.

13: Grow Your Brand

Many new YouTubers have a lot of questions about when they can start monetizing their channels. YouTube has
changed its policies quite a bit in recent years. Currently, you have to have at least 4,000 watch hours and 1,000
subscribers to become a Google AdSense partner.

Once you’ve hit that milestone, YouTube will review your channel. If you’re approved for the program, you can start
showing ads before your videos to earn some income. Google will pay you a certain amount of money based on
viewership and impressions.

This is the easiest way to monetize a channel. But, it’s not the only solution. The sky is the limit when it comes to
money-making opportunities. That is, as long as you have a large audience of viewers who are willing to support you.
Once you’ve reached a certain level of success, you can expand your brand and start looking at other revenue streams.
Many vloggers take on brand deals. Some also release merchandise and unique products.

Before you do any of that, you have to build your brand and gain an audience.

Now that you know what it takes to get started, what are you waiting for? YouTube is an excellent
way to build a brand or grow your company. There’s nothing more personal than a vlog. You can
easily connect with others and build an audience that will follow everything you do. All you have to do
is get started.
Related Topics:

How to Create Vlogs in 9 Easy Steps

How To Make a Vlog [Step by Step]

References:

https://makeawebsitehub.com/how-to-start-a-vlog/

https://newbluefx.com/blog/create-vlogs-9-easy-steps/

https://blog.hubspot.com/marketing/how-to-vlog

https://www.motionsource.com/blog/the-vlog-blog-history-of-vlogging

https://danchez.com/history-of-vlogging/

https://pop.inquirer.net/76643/heres-why-vlogging-is-this-generations-newest-career-path

https://entertainment.inquirer.net/398184/ivana-alawi-zeinab-harake-cong-tv-top-youtube-ph-creators-of-2020

https://www.statista.com/statistics/1031926/popular-youtube-channels-phillippines-number-subscribers/#:~:text=As
%20of%20January%202021%2C%20the,focuses%20on%20private%20sector%20issues.

https://www.nearcreative.co/blog-entries/2020/12/2/top-10-youtube-influencers-in-the-philippines-2020

https://www.makemoneyblogging.info/video-content-on-your-blog-weighing-the-pros-and-cons/
https://www.adobe.com/express/learn/blog/how-to-start-a-vlog
FRANCES JAY B. PACALDO, LPT, MAED-MATHInstructor, Cebu Technological [email protected](032) 263 7315

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