326 Set 6
326 Set 6
2. (Sturm-Liouville Problems) Find values of λ , a real number and called eigenvalues, for
which the following problems have nonzero or nontrivial solutions φ (x) called eigenfunc-
tions. Also determine these corresponding nonzero solutions.
′′ ′′ ′
φ + λ φ = 0, 0 < x < π φ − 2φ + λ φ = 0, 0 < x < π
(a) φ (0) = 0 (c) φ (0) = 0
φ ′ (π) = 0.
φ (π) = 0.
′′
φ ′′ + λ φ = 0, 0 < x < 2π
π
φ + λ φ = 0, 0 < x < 2
(b) φ ′ (0) = 0 (d) φ (0) − φ (2π) = 0
φ ′ ( π2 ) = 0. φ ′ (0) − φ ′ (2π) = 0.
3. In each of the following problems, determine whether the method of separation of variables
can be used to replace the partial differential equation by a pair of ordinary differential
equations. If so, find the equations.
4. Solve the resulting pairs of ordinary differential equations in problem (3b) and (3e).