FURTHER PRACTICE

WORD FORMATION
I. Read the passage below and use the correct form of the words given. (10 marks)
One of the major (1. ENVIRONMENT) concerns in today’s world is the growing list of (2. DANGER)
plants, animals and birds. The (3. BIG) threat of all to wildlife is, of course, man, who must take action now to
prevent the (4. APPEAR) of these species. Whales, tigers and elephants all (5. REQUIRING) greater
protection as hunters threaten to drive them to extinction. (6. SIMILAR), more effective measures are
suggested to stop (7. GLOBE) warming, which has led to the (8. LOSE) of important natural habitats. Fish
too, are increasingly at risk from high level of river and sea (9. POLLUTE), caused by oil spills and toxic
effluent. Stricter government controls will help in the fight to save our wildlife and a greater public (10.
AWARE) of the issues should be involved.
1. 2. 3. 4.
5. 6. 7. 8.
9. 10.
II. Complete each sentence with the correct form of the word given. (10 pts)
1. You'd better drive. I'm too...........................for such complicated traffic. EXPERIENCE
2. I wish you a very happy................... . RETIRE
3. Telling lies is.......................... . MORAL
4. We need to push up the................................of our country. INDUSTRY
5. Now that she got a job, Lena is.......................of her parents. DEPEND
6. Your money will be refunded if the goods are not to your.................... SATISFY
7. Please...................your seat belt. The plane is taking off. FAST
8. UNO stands for United...............................Organization. NATIONAL
9. The water in this area is.....................and should not be drunk. PURE
10. The situation is getting...........................difficult for us. INCREASE
III.Give the correct forms of the words in brackets to complete the text.
Of all the writing materials (1. MAN)………………. has employed down through the ages, paper has become
the most (2. WIDE)………………. used around the world. Paper has a long history stretching back to ancient
Egypt in the third millennium BC.
Although our paper may not be (3. RECOGNISE)………………….. to the Pharaohs, paper has retained its
essential (4. CHARACTER)……………………. down through the ages and today's diverse offerings remain
as natural, essential and precious as ever.
The word ‘paper' is derived from papyrus, a plant that was once abundant in Egypt and which was used to
produce a thick, paper-like material by the ancient Egyptians, (6. GREECE)………………… and Romans.
Papyrus, however, is only one of the predecessors of paper that are collectively known by the generic term
‘tapa' and which were mostly made from the inner bark of the paper mulberry, fig and daphnia trees.
Paper as we know it traces its roots back to China at the beginning of the first millennium AD. (7.
TRADITION)…………………… Chinese records give the credit for its development to one T'sai Lun (about
105AD). He was (8. SUBSEQUENCE) ………………….. deified as the god of papermakers!
The craft of papermaking spread throughout the world and remained a (9. RELATE) ……………………
small-scale, artisan activity until paper production became (10. INDUSTRY) ................................ during the
19th century. Originally intended purely for writing and printing purposes, a dazzling array of paper products
are available to today's consumer.
IV. . Read the passage below. Use the words given in capitals to form a word that fits the space in the
same line.
Here are tips that help succeed in your job interview:
Always arrive early. If you do not know where the (46)________ is located, call for 46. ORGANIZE
exact directions in advance. Leave some extra time for any traffic, parking, or (47) 47. EXPECT
________ events. If you are running late, call right away and let someone know.
The best time to arrive is approximately 5 - 10 minutes early. Give yourself the time
to read your resume one more time, to catch your breath, and to be ready for the
interview. 48. RESPECTABLY
Once you are at the office, treat everyone you encounter with (48) ________. Be
pleasant to everyone as soon as you walk in the door. 49. IMPRESS
Wear a professional business suit. This point should be emphasized enough. First
(49)________ are extremely important in the interview process.
Women should avoid wearing too much jewelry or make up. Men should avoid
flashy suits or wearing too much perfume. It is also important that you feel 50. FORMALITY
 comfortable. While a suit is the standard interview attire in a business environment,
if you think it is an (50)_________ environment, call before and ask. Regardless,
you can never be overdressed if you are wearing a tailored suit.
V. Margaret started English Literature this term, and I’m afraid that her (1) INTRODUCE …………… to the
subject has not bee entirely (2) SUCCESS …………….. She has not show much enthusiasm and does not
always pay (3) ATTEND ……......… in class. Her assignments are often (4) READ…......… , because she is
so untidy, and because of her (5) FAIL.....… to check her work thoroughly. She failed to do any (6) REVISE
...…...… before the end of term test, and had poor results. She seems to have the (7) MISTAKE ……....… idea
that she can succeed without studying. She has also had many (8) ABSENT..…......… and has frequently
arrived late for class. This has resulted in several (9) PUNISH…...... . Although Margaret is a (10) GIFT
...…..… student in some respects, she has not had a satisfactory term.
VI. There is a well-known (1. SAY) ____________ : ”School days are the best days of your life.” No (2.
STUDY) ____________ at school ever believes it though, and by the time you realise it’s true, it’s too late! It’s
when you’re worried about your (3. FINANCE) ____________ situation and are beginning to hate the (4.
BORE) _________________of working in the office or factory every day that you look back fondly on the (5.
EXCITE) ____________ times you had at school. When you are still at
school, you hate paying attention to (6. FRIGHT) ____________ math lessons, being punished for bad (7.
BEHAVE) ____________ or feeling (8. HELP) ____________ ' in an exam because you didn’t know any of
the answers and, in fact, had completely (9. UNDERSTAND) ____________ the questions too!). But it’s quite
(10. ACCEPT) ____________ to complain about things and then have great memories afterwards. Just have a
good time at the time as well.
VII. Give the correct form the word provided to fill each gap.
The spiral and the helix
They are everywhere, __________________ (1-GRACE), curving shapes whose incredible
_________________ (2 -REGULAR) contrasts so sharply with the random world around them. We call them
spirals and helices but that hardly does _________________ (3 -JUST) to their diversity or their significance.
Over the centuries, mathematicians have identified many different types, but the most intriguing are those that
_________________ (4 -REPEAT) occur in the natural world.
The need to __________________ (5 -RAVEL) the mysteries of the existence of spirals and helices has
exercised some of the best scientific brains in the world and opened the way to a number of
___________________ (6 -BREAK) in fields as widely varied as genetics and meteorology.
The most _____________________ (7 -SPECTACLE) spirals on earth are also the most unwelcome –
hurricanes. Their ___________________ (8 -AWE) power comes from the sun's heat, but they owe their shape
to the force caused by the rotation of the earth. After ____________________ (9 -NUMBER) years of study,
however, Nature's spirals and helices have yet to _____________________ (10 -CLOSE) all their secrets. For
example, why, astronomers wonder, are so many galaxies spiral-shaped?
4.2. Turn A Hobby into a Business
It is not (0) unusual to make a hobby pay for itself USUAL …………………….
even if initially you had no (1) ... of turning it INTEND…………………….
into a business.
For those looking to make a profit on their (2) ..., CREATE…………………….
these days an audience for products can range from
the local to the truly global. Some (3) ... begin HOBBY…………………….
by donating a piece of work to a charitable sale
just to see how quickly and (4) ... it sells. PROFIT…………………………………….
Local shops can be the next outlet for items,
often the step taken by those making things like
hand-made greetings cards for instance. And for the
truly ambitious, websites like eBay enable the
hobbiest to reach a (5) ... audience. WORLD…………………………………….
As with any business idea, an honest (6) ... should be APPRAISE…………………………………….
undertaken regarding the demand for the work and the
price the customer is prepared to pay in (7) ... . REAL…………………………………….
However, do not forget the degree of personal (8) ... SATISFY…………………………………….
as well.
Give the correct forms of the words in brackets to complete the text.
 1. The road to the beach will be ………………………..next year. (ENLARGE)
2. Maria was really…………………. By the beauty of the city and the friendliness of its people. ( IMPRESS)
3……………………., he got bad mark and failed his exam. (LUCKY)
4. People should be encouraged to use……………………….friendly products. (ENVIRONMENT)
5. Robbers broke into the art gallery and took away many………………….paintings. (VALUE)
6. Peter fell off the ladder, but his………………… were not very serious. (INJURE)
7. I really don’t think he has the…………………….. to do this job. (ABLE)
8. Typhoon, hurricane and tropical storm are different words for the same……………….. disaster.
(NATURE)
9. The government is very concerned about the………………………..of the rain forests. (DESTROY)
10. She was ……………………to apply for the job. (COURAGE)
Thanks to the ubiquitous use of vanilla as a flavouring to ice creams and cakes the world over, its taste is more
(1. RECOGNISE) ________________ to a majority of people than the appearance of the plant. The plant itself
is actually a (2. NATION) ________________ of the tropical forest of Central America, and is the only (3.
VARY) ________________ of orchid to be grown on a commercial scale. Its delicate white flowers open in the
early morning and after pollinating by insects or humming birds, a narrow beam-like pod forms and ripens, taking
a period of five to seven months to reach (4. MATURE) ________________. It is this pod which is (5.
HARVEST) ________________ to provide food crop we know as vanilla. Despite its American origin, for
decades it was only cultivated (6. EXTEND) ________________ on the Indian Ocean island of Madagascar,
where it was introduced at the end of nineteenth century. It soon became clear that the vanilla grown there was
of a quality (7. KNOW) ________________ in other areas, and the island quickly became one of the world’s
major (8. SUPPLY) ________________.
WRITING TRANSFORMATION
Exercise 1:
1. Her success went beyond her expectation.
Never .....................
2. Tony is very charming, but I wouldn’nt trust him.
Charming .....................
3. I left without dsaying goodbye as I didn’t want to disturb the meeting.
Rather than .....................
4. If there is an emergency, ring this number.
In case .....................
5. The thieft must have come in through the window.
The thieft almost .....................
6. Driving at that spees is dangerous although you are an experienced driver or not.
However .....................
7. Its lack of irregular verbs makes Esperanto to a unique language.
Unlike .....................
8. You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs . Jones.
Nowhere .....................
9. The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
Such is .....................
10. Experts think that all dogs evolved from wolves.
All dogs .....................
Exercise 2:
1. Our picnic was cancelled because it rained heavily last Sunday.
If .....................
2. They couldn’t deceive customers although they used attractive advertidement.
Whatever .....................
3. Because the chemicals were properly combined, the prescription has brought about the
expected result.
Because of .....................
4. Newspapers report that hundreds of people died in the eartquake last week.
Hundreds of people .....................
5. I dislike it when people criticise me unfairly.
I object .....................
6. Years ago women were too busy to take part in social activities.
Years ago women didn’t .....................
7. “ The Times” was first printed 200 years ago.
It is .....................
8. John outran the others in the race.
John was .....................
9. Although he was tired, he managed to finish the marathon race.
In spite of .....................
10. I must have my suit cleaned before the interview.
My suit needs .....................
Exercise 3:
2
1. You wouldn’t find any more affectionate animal anywhere in the world.
No .....................
2. Liz said unforgivable things to her father at the dinner party.
What .....................
3. The realisation that I had been swindled came much later.
Only .....................
4. It is fairly unlikely that he will be convicted of the offence.
There .....................
5. You won’t find out if they are open if you don’t phone them.
Without.....................
6. The rain brought about the cancellation of the tennis match.
The tennis match .....................
7. The reason why he applied for a job abroad was to earn more money.
With a.....................
8. The fog is heavier than usual tonight.
There .....................
9. The fete will take place on Sunday, come rain or shine.
Whether.....................
10. Failing promt payment, The goods must be returned by you.
You must either .....................
Writing 4:
1. It was more of an argument than a discussion
It was not so . .....................
2. Thanks to her uncle’s legacy of 15,000 dollars she was able to buy the house she wanted.
Had her .....................
3. Batigol is the footballer I admire most of all.
There is .....................
4. the man’s life was of great poverty.
Throughout .....................
5. There was no precedent for the king resignation.
Never .....................
6. These new machines have put an end to queuing.
Before these .....................
7. Tien Giang is a far less hilly province than Lamdong.
Lam Dong has .....................
8. There isn’t a pair of jeans left in the shop, Miss!
We are completely .....................
9. A house in this district will cost you at least 100,000 dollars.
You won’t be .....................
10. She doesn’t know why they are attracted to spending all day on the beach.
She can’t see .....................
Writing 5:
1. The collision didn’t damaged my sar much.
Not a great .....................
2. What has this axperience taught you?
What conclusion .....................
3. To pass the time I look through some magazines.
I whiled .....................
4. Just thinking about his face at that moment makes me laugh.
The very.....................
5. I will only be satisfied if the manager apologises fully.
Nothing short.....................
6. Tony’s very charming but I wouldn’t trust him.
Charming.....................
7. I thought about what had happened all those years before.
I cast.....................
8. I almost gave up at one point.
I came very.....................
9. He said that he had won as a result of good luck.
He attributed .....................
10. Scientists have tried very hard to find a cure for this disease.
Enormous .....................
Writing 6:
5
1. They will not announce the dicision faormally.
No formal.....................
2. They believe that the robbers got into the bank through the roof.
The robbers.....................
3. Karajan was the first person to recognise her extra-ordinary musical gift.
It .....................
4. Its lack of irregular verbs makes Esperabto a unique language.
Unlike.....................
5. Thanks to Laura’s support I was able to finish the project.
Had it.....................
6. It was his over-confidence that led to his defeat in the Wimbledon final.
If .....................
7. They have been living in Germany for 5 years now.
It.....................
8. I have never been to Paris before.
This is .....................
9. I am determined to refuse his offer.
I have no.....................
10. “ Why don’t you buy a new coat?” – Mary said to her hussband.
Mary suggested .....................
Writing 7:
1. In his recent article, Bob Lee pointed out all the faults in the government’s new transport
policy.
In his recent artilce, Bob Lee was.....................
2. The company have been reviewing their recruitment policy for the last three months.
The company’s .....................
3. I’m absolutely sure he took the money on purpose.
He couldn’t possibly.....................
4. He delayed writing his book until he had done a lot of research.
Only after.....................
5.They declaired war on the pretext of defending their territorial rights.
The excuse.....................
6. I feel that I don’t fit with the people in the new office.
I feel like.....................
7. Skysrapers in the USA are on average taller than anywhere else in the world.
The average .....................
8. We were very impressed by the new cinema but found it rather expensive.
Impressed.....................
9. It’s more than a fortnight snice anyone saw Julian.
Julian.....................
10. The deadline for the receipt of complete application forms is 3.00p.m on Friday, 18th December.
Complete application .....................
Writing 8:
1. Whoever did that must be very brave person.
Only .....................
2. Doris tipoeed up the stairs because she didn’t want to wake anyone up.
To.....................
3. Nancy is proud of being a good cook.
Nancy prides .....................
4. My protests were ignored by everyone.
Nobody.....................
5. Kate is the only real friend that Doris has.
Except.....................
6.Rita doesn’t realise how serious her husband’s operation is going to be.
Little.....................
7. He decide to repair the things himself and not to take it back to the shop.
Rather.....................
8. Offering her more money wouldn’t make any difference
Even if.....................
9. Driving at that speed is dangerous, whether you are an experienced driver or not.
However.....................
10. It’s such a wonderfful opportunity that we mustn’t miss it.
It is too.....................
Writing 9:
1. I can’t often affort to spend my holidays abroad.
I’m seldom.....................
2. The minister gave no precise figures about the casvalties.
The minister didn’t go.....................
3. Every possible effort was made by orphanage to find the noy’s parents.
The orphanage left no stone.....................
4. The company will make a profit next year.
I wouldn’t .....................
5. These problems of ours are just the tip of the ice-berg.
I’m afraid our problems.....................
6. They have been arguing about the motorway extension for years.
The proposed motorway extension has been a bone.....................
7. Please don’t give me an injection.
I’d rather .....................
8. Imagine my surprise when a policemen appeared at the door.
When a policeman appeared at the door, I was.....................
9. She slept well last night.
She had.....................
10. The new musical has taken theatre audiences by storms.
The new musical has delighted .....................
Writing 10:
1. There is no point in asking Gorge to help.
It isn’t .....................
2. I’m sure it wasn’t Mrs Elton you saw because she is in Britol.
It can’t.....................
3. Their chances of success are small.
It isn’t .....................
4. We left quietly so that we wouldn’t disturb her.
So as .....................
5. I wasn’t surprised to hear that Harry had failed his driving test.
It came.....................
6. The only reason the party was a success was that a famous film star attended.
Had it not.....................
7. My parents find fault with everything I do
No matter .....................
8. If the work is finished by the lunch time, you can go home.
Get.....................
9. I didn’t realse who he was until later.
Only later.....................
10. The fate of the two climbers is unknown.
It is a mystery.....................
Writing 11:
1. Richard only took over the family business because his father decided to retire early.
But for his.....................
2. Mrs Wilson says she’s sorry she didn’t attend the meeting yesterday morning.
Mrs Wilson sends.....................
3. We have been trying to sell our house for well over six months.
Our house.....................
4. You could be arrested for not giving a breath samole to the police.
Refusal.....................
5. Philip’s inability to make decisions dates from his accident.
Ever.....................
6. The permit expires at the end of this month.
The permit is not.....................
7. As far as I know, There’s no reason for James to be so unhappy.
To the.....................
8. The hurricane blew the roof off the house.
The house.....................
9. I left without saying goodbye as I didn’t want to disturb the meeting.
Rather.....................
10. Simon hadn’t expected that he would feel so weak after the operation.
The operation left.....................
Complete the following sentences so that they have the same meaning as the previous ones. (2pts)
1. As the result of the bad weather, there may be delays on some international flights
Some international flights are subject ................................................................................
2. I never let anyone read my love letters.
I never let my ......................................................................................................................
3. It’s your duty to get prepared for the exam.
You are ...............................................................................................................................
4. I’m very familiar with this neighbourhood. HAND
............................................................................................................................................
5. She did very well on her final exams. COLOURS
............................................................................................................................................
6. I’m not in agreement with him on this proposal. EYE
............................................................................................................................................
7. Alfred is in trouble with his boss. WATER
............................................................................................................................................
8. His name doesn’t sound familiar to me at all. BELL
............................................................................................................................................
9. My grandfather doesn’t go out often these days. EYER
............................................................................................................................................
10. Don’t try to do something more than you can manage. BITE
..................................................................................................................................................
Writing 12:
1. We can start at either 1pm or 2.pm
It makes.....................
2. The boy was about to cry when he was reprimended by his mother.
The boy was on.....................
3. Why don’t you consult your legal advisor about the contract.
If.....................
4. Although her leg hurt, she finished the marathon race.
In .....................
5. It was such a pity that I couldn’t go to the party.
 I’d.....................
6. The thief must have come in through the window.
The thief almost.....................
7. All of you are likely to be able to enter college.
The .....................
8. Alice lost all her hope; she decided to stop her business.
Such.....................
9. Let’s eat out this evening.
How.....................
10. It was disappointing their son failed the entrance exam to university.
Their son.....................
Writing 13:
1. What is the depth of this lake?
How............................................... ……………………………………………………………………?
2. How interesting the film is!
What.............................................………………………………………………………………....................
3. The furniture was so expensive that we didn’t buy it.
The furniture was not........ …………………………………………………................................
4. I'm sorry that I didn't go to the party last Sunday.
I regreted......................................... ………………………………………………….....................
5. He said, "You stole my record, Bill."
He accused................................... ……………………………………………………........................
6. So that he can speak English fluently, he reads lots of books and sees lots of English films.
So as............................................ ...…………………………………………… ………….......................
7. He doesn’t have enough money. He can’t buy a big house.
If................................................... ……………………………………………………......................
8. The teacher asked me whether I had brought my dictionary.
My teacher asked, "................…………………………………………............................"
9. People say she is the most beautiful girl in the village.
She is .............................................. ………………………………………………......................
10. Do you know who wrote this novel?
Do you know by.............. ………………………………………….......................................?
Writing 14:
1.The movie was so interesting that I have watched it twice.
It was…………………………………………………………………………………..
2. I haven’t seen my younger brother for 3 years.
The last time…………………………………………………………………………..
3. As soon as she had finished her homework, her friends came.
Hardly………………………………………………………………………………….
4. The weather was not very nice, but they still decided to have an outdoor party.
The bad weather………………………………………………………………………
5. Although David’s health was not very good, he participated in many sports.
In spite………………………………………………………………………………….
6. I’m sorry I have broken your vase.
I apologize…………………………………………………………………………………
7. They had turned off the lights before leaving the room.
The lights……………………………………………………………………………….
8. We couldn’t relax until all the work had been completed.
Only…………………………………………………………………………………….
9. I find her handwriting difficult to read.
I have……………………………………………………………………………………
10.I don’t have money to go on holiday in Europe. I don’t have time, either.
I have neither……………………………………………………………………………
11. Jill was the only person who came late.
Everyone ................................................................................................................... .
12. This matter is so complicated that we don't know how to deal with it.
So ......................................................................................................................................................................
13. It's a pity you didn't ask us to spend the time with you.
 If only ......................................................................................................................................................... .
Part 2: For each of the sentences below, write a new sentence as similar as possible in meaning to the
original sentence, but using the word given. This word must not be altered in any way.
1. I'm afraid that we haven't got any eggs left. (run)
................................................................................................................... .
2. Let me tell you what I think you should do. (advice)
................................................................................................................... .
3. The numbers of cars on the roads must be reduced. (down)
................................................................................................................... .
4. Come on Thursday or Friday. It' s all the same to me. (difference)
................................................................................................................... .
5. Amanda has improved a lot this term. (progress)
................................................................................................................... .
II. Use the given words to make meaningful sentences. You can make additions or changes if necessary.
1. Instead of/ be/ excite about/ good news/ he/ seem/ be indifferent.
………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Some/ journalist/ wait/ director/ when/ I/ come/ company.
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
3. There be/ no point/ telephone/ him/ as/ he/ not be/ at home/ now.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Why/ no/ more women/ run for public office?
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
5. He/ reject/ army/ health ground/
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
III.Rewrite the following sentences using the word cue in bracket ( do not change the word in anyway)
1. The two ideas seem completely different. (COMMON)
...............................................................................................................................................
2. You would feel much better if you had a day-off. (DO)
...............................................................................................................................................
3. I can’t tolerate his rude behavior. (PUT)
…………………………………………………………………………………………..
4. The road is so narrow that cars cannot park here. (TOO)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Would you like to join our English speaking clubs? (INTERESTED)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
I. Rewrite the following sentences using the word given so that it has the same meaning as
the original one.
1. The cinema was practically empty.
- There was hardly ……………………………………………………………
2. The house has got everything except a large garden.
- The only thing………………………………………………………………..
3. Although he works hard, he cannot earn enough.
- Hard………………………………………………………………………….
4. Alan was not a confident person, and that was why he was so shy.
- Alan's………………………………………………………………………..
5. Jack is proud of the fact that he is never late.
- Jack prides himself………………………………………………………….
6. It's very kind of you to give me a lift.
- I appreciate…………………………………………………………………..
7. Although he wasn't experienced, he got the job.
- Despite………………………………………………………………………
8. My mother lives a long way from the supermarket.
- There isn't ……………………………………………………………………
9. It is cheaper to send things by sea than by airmail.
- It costs………………………………………………………………………..
10. He delayed writing the book until he had done a lot of research.
- Only when …………………………………………………………………..
II. Use the given words to make meaningful sentences. You can make additions or changes if necessary.
1. Had/ it/ not/ for/ mother/ encouragement/, / she/ not/ have/ enter/ beauty contest.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. She/ quite/definite/ came/ up/ their/expectation.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. Apart/ Mary/ every/ students/ be/ present/ class.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. Little/ police/ suspect/ that/judge/ was/ murder.
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. Could/ you/ keep/ eye/ on/ handbag/ while/I / go/ toilet?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
III. Rewrite the following sentences using the word cue in bracket (do not change the word in anyway).
1. According to the report, the driver of the car was a policeman. (BEING)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
2. Today's meeting is postponed, and it will be held next week. (PUT)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
3. There's no chance of Jenny getting here on time. (POSSIBLE)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
4. In my opinion, these two kinds of music are completely different from each other. (COMPARISON)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
5. We discussed the problem, but nobody had a solution. (CAME)
………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
I. Rewrite the following sentences using the word given so that it has the same meaning as the original
one.
1. “I’ve seen the film three times, Mary” said George.
 George said ____________________________________________________________________
2. “I’m sorry, Angela,” said Martin, ”I’m afraid I’ve damaged your car."
 Martin apologized ________________________________________________________________
3. “Have you had enough for lunch?” the landlady asked us.
 The landlady asked________________________________________________________________ .
4. Driving fast is dangerous, whether you are experienced or not.
 However________________________________________________________________________
5. The last time I played football was in 1972.
 I haven’t________________________________________________________________________
6. The post office is far from my house, so I have to cycle there.
If_______________________________________________________________________________
7. The picture was beautiful. We were looking at it.
 The picture_______________________________________________________________________
8. This lecture bores me.
 I am____________________________________________________________________________
9. If you ask me well in advance, I’ll be willing to work over time.
Provided________________________________________________________________________
10. This is the best essay I have ever written.
 Never___________________________________________________________________________
II. Use the given words to make meaningful sentences. You can make additions or changes if necessary.
1. If/ I/ be / you/not buy/ that house.
_________________________________________________________________________________
2. She / phone/ inform] me/ change/ plan/ last night.
________________________________________________________________________________
3. Tough measures/take/ save/ endangered animals.
________________________________________________________________________________
4. It/ kind/ you/ visit] me last week.
________________________________________________________________________________
5. Lan/ first student/ enter / classroom this morning.
________________________________________________________________________________
III. Rewrite the following sentences using the word we in bracket (do not change the word in anyway).
1. I left my last job because I didn’t really agree with my manager's approach. (EYE)
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. All the witnesses said that the accident was my fault. (BLAME)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. It was childish of him not to accept my apologies. (REFUSED)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. No one listened to what the politician was saying last night. (EARS)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5. She thought it was too difficult for her to come to the class on time. (FOUND)
READING
Read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C, or D) best fits each space. (2pts)
Passage 1:
SIMPLY THE BEST
The Wensley hotels are all about the little extras - clearly there are enough people willing to pay for
them. At this upmarket hotel chain, you can call on the bath butler if you are just too exhausted to fill your own
tub, or glance through the pillow menu (yes, really, a menu of pillows). At a Colorado ski resort, your skis are
taken to the slopes and your boots warmed each morning. And, at one Rocky Mountain hotel, you can even
borrow a golden retriever to help make walks just that little bit more authentic.
This, and the decision of many Americans to holiday on their side of the Atlantic in recent years, has
helped Wensley get through a difficult economic period. Of its 50 hotels, 32 are in the US and Caribbean, and
the chain avoided cutting rates by offering ‘value’ packages, such as room and car hire combined, to keep
people coming through the doors.
The company’s president and chief operating officer, Steven Watson, believes that while the economy
has not been in good shape recently, a new generation of travelers, who place great importance on someone else
running their baths, will ensure the chain’s continued success.
The group wants to serve that new generation. Watson believes people still want luxury, particularly as
they are now getting it from fewer and fewer places. ‘Consumers are much more demanding, sure they are, and
even more so of the hotel industry because they aren’t getting it from the airline industry, with its cheaper
flights and reduced service. And we’re seeing greater affluence. People are paying less for commodities and
more for experiences.’
Things have changed over the 30 odd years that Watson has been in the business. Watson is obsessed with
service. ‘High-speed Internet access, plasma TVs, better locks on the doors - it just goes on and on. The service
today is vastly better than 30 years ago. The food is better than it was 10 years ago. The room decor is better,
the beds are much, much better; you have a much better experience in your bed than you used to.’ One thing
hasn’t changed, though: ‘It’s still about motivating people and encouraging people so the guests have the best
possible treatment.’
This is exactly the sort of sentiment you would expect from a family firm. His three sons all work for the hotel
chain, as does his daughter’s husband. But Wensley is not a family firm. It is listed on the New York Exchange
and its market value is over ten billion dollars. Mr. Watson is the largest shareholder. In total, the Watson
family controls about 24 per cent of the group.
He has plans for the chain. ‘We are looking to do more internationally; both in Europe and Asia: He is
keen to move into Scotland – ‘I would love to be in Edinburgh but I don’t know that the market is robust
enough just yet’ - is looking for properties in Ireland and England to convert into country resorts. The chain is
also launching boutique hotels with an Italian jeweler: the first opens later this year in Naples.
Mr. Watson is a busy man - and likes it that way: ‘My wife will tell you I have been saying I’m going
to retire in five years for the last 20 years. The reason I haven’t retired is because the standard of living she
expects just keeps rising.’
1. What does the writer suggest by the user of ‘really’?
A. It is a real menu. C. It is unusual to serve food in bed.
B. This is surprising but true. D. They didn’t really have a pillow menu.
2. What does ‘this’ refer to?
A. The attention Wensley hotels pay to detail.
B. The fact that you can borrow a dog at one hotel.
C. The fact that enough people are willing to pay for these luxuries.
D. The fact that many Wensley hotels are in the US.
3. Watson believes that the hotels ______
A. will carry on being successful.
B. will be particularly successful during the tough economic period.
C. will fail because the new generation of travelers don’t like luxuries.
D. can succeed if it attracts important new travelers.
4. What sort of experiences are people prepared to pay for, in Watson’s view?
 A. Less comfortable flights. C. The feeling of being affluent.
B. Better service during flights. D. Luxuries in hotels.
5. What aspect of the hotel business has remained constant, in Watson’s view?
A. If guests are encouraged, they will enjoy their stay.
B. Guests need to be motivated to come and stay in hotels.
C. Providing good service is the first priority of the hotel staff.
D. Better facilities provide motivation.
6. What is Watson’s attitude towards Edinburgh?
A. He would like to live there.
B. He would like to have a hotel there one day.
C. He wants to move company headquarters there
D. He doesn’t think there is a market for country resorts.

7. What impression do we get of Watson’s attitude to his job from the last paragraph?
A. He would like to stop working five years from now.
B. He doesn’t enjoy his job but his wife makes him work hard.
C. He likes his job and doesn’t want to stop working.
D. He is annoyed with his wife.
II. Read the passage and choose the correct answer for the following questions:
All at once Hazel was coming in through the French windows, pulling off gardening gloves, and Bill was
entering through the door, both at once. So I only had time to take one quick look at her before I turned to face
him. All very confusing. What that first glimpse showed me was that time had thickened her figure but didn’t
seem to have made much difference to her face. It still had good skin and youthful outlines. She was holding a
bunch of roses – must have been cutting them in the garden while waiting for me. The gardening gloves lent a
delightfully informal touch. It was quite an entrance, though Bill spoilt it a bit by making his at the same time.
Bill seemed longer and thinner. His tightly massed hair had a tinge of grey. Apart from that, twenty years
had done nothing to him, except deepen the lines of thoughtfulness that had already, when I knew him, begun to
spread across his face. Or was that all? I looked at him again, more carefully, as he looked away from me at
Hazel. Weren’t his eyes different somehow? More inward looking than ever? Gazing in not merely at his
thoughts, but at something else, something he was keeping hidden or perhaps protecting.
Then we were chattering and taking glasses in our hands, and I came back to earth. For the first ten minutes
we were all so defensive, so carefully probing, that nobody learnt anything. Bill had forgotten me altogether,
that much was clear. He was engaged in getting to know me from scratch, very cautiously so as not to hit a
wrong note, with the object of getting me to contribute a big subscription to his African project. I kept trying to
absorb details about Hazel, but Bill was talking earnestly about African education, and the strain of appearing
to concentrate while actually thinking about his wife proved so great that I decided it would be easier just to
concentrate. So I did. I let him hammer away for about ten more minutes, and then the daughter, who seemed to
be acting as parlourmaid, showed in another visitor. Evidently we were to be four at lunch.
1. What effect had time had on Hazel and Bill?
A. They had both lost weight. B. They were more withdrawn.
C. They hadn’t changed at all. D. They had changed in subtle ways.
2. When they all started talking, the writer
A. relaxed at last. B. stopped dreaming.
C. spoke most to Hazel. D. began to remember things.
3. The writer found the first part of their conversation
A. sentimental. B. irritating. C. uninformative. D. trivial.
4. Why did Bill speak seriously?
A. He wanted some money from the writer. B. He did not remember the writer.
C. His wife was present. D. He was talking about the past.
5. In the end the writer found Bill’s conversation
A. monotonous B. convincing C. thought-provoking D. instructive
III. Read the dialogue and choose the correct word or phrase to complete each numbered blank.
When you go to another country, it is important to follow the (1)......of that country. If you are invited to a
home in England, here is some (2)....... . (3).........you are invited, it is good manners to tell whether you will go
or not, either by (4)... ...or through telephoning. When you go to the party, it is better to (5).....on time. It is
good manners to shake hands with your host and other guests. You can take a (6)......if you like, possibly a
bottle of wine or a box of chocolates or some flowers. However, it is bad manners to take (7)....... . It is not
(8)......to stay too late after the other guests have gone. (9)......., it is good manners to write a short letter or make
a telephone call a day or two later to (10).......your host.
1. A. customs B. language C. people D. map
2. A. news B. information C. service D. advice
3. A. Before B. Though C. While D. As soon as
4. A. car B. bus C. writing D. speaking
5. A. reach B. leave C. come D. arrive
6. A friend B. present C. parent D. child
7. A. nothing B. cheap thing C. everything D. expensive things
8. A. correct B. well C. polite D. necessary
9. A. Of course B. So C. However D. But
10. A. welcome B. thank C. praise D. please
Choose the word (A, B, C or D) that best fits each of the blanks.
Students who are too shy to answer questions in class will have their embarrassment ended (1) ______a new
electronic system which (2) ______them to give answers to tutors in private. The Hong Kong Urfivex—sity of
Science and Technology will be the first tertiary institution in the world to (3) ______the Personal Response
System across the whole campus.
The electronic tool, (4) ______ a remote control, enables all students to respond electronically and‘in private to
questions asked in class by their instructors. Students will get a pocketsize transmitter and their instructor a
receiver. (5) ______ a lecture the instructor may stop from time to time to assess the students’ understanding of
the content by asking a question. The students can tap the answers into the personalised wireless transmitter and
the answers are (6) ______sent to the instructor’s receiver.
Professor Nelson Cue, (7) ______ demonstrated how to use the device yesterday said: ”Allowing students to
respond privately and at ease (8) ______ the threat associated with speaking publicly in lectures. Students do
not have to risk a loss of face when they give the wrong answer. They (9) ______ do not have to compete for
the attention of the instructor. What’s more, the most important part of learning often takes (10) ______while
mistakes are being discussed".
1. A. by B. for C. in D. because
2. A. lets B. makes C. allows D. tells
3. A. start B. adopt C. play D. work
4. A. Which B. as C. similarly D. like
5. A. After B. Throughout C. During D. With
6. A. immediately B. next C. eventually D. accurately
7. A. someone B. which C. that D. who .
8. A. lifts B. removes C. takes D. empties
9.A. only B. too C. all D. also
10. A part B. place C. hold D. time
III. The following reading passage has seven sections, A-G. Match the correct heading for each section from
the list of headings below with the correct number a-k. (There are more headings than sections, so you will
not use them all). (1.0 pts)
LIST OF HEADINGS ANSWERS
a. Scanning the Brain and Chest 1. Section A ____________
b. The Role of Computers 2. Section B ____________
c. The CT Scan Is Invented 3. Section C ____________
d. The High Cost of CT Scans 4. Section D ____________
e. Risks Associated with CT Scans 5. Section E ____________
f. Emergency Room Care 6. Section F ____________
g. Faster and More Comfortable 7. Section G____________
h. How Doctors Use CT Scans
i. The Patient Is Photographs
k. Enhancing Scan Images with Dyes
A. The computed tomography scanner, better known as the CT scanner, was originally designed to provide cross-
sectional images of the brain. The word tomography comes from the Greek word tomos, meaning "section,"
and graphia, meaning "picture." Godfrey Hounsfield developed the technique in 1972 and was later knighted
and awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his contribution to the medical field. Within four years of this
development, CT scans, also called CAT scans (computed axial tomography), were restructured, allowing
 technicians to scan the entire body for evidence of tumors, injuries, and other abnormalities. Rather than
taking a single picture as in an X ray, a CT scanner sends several beams into an area and takes photographs
from many different angles.
B. While the original CT scans took Hounsfield several hours to reconstruct into a useful image, today's machines
can produce an in-depth image in a fraction of a second. Creating a scanner that could produce images at a
faster rate was crucial in the development of tomography, as it reduced the degree of distortion in an image
caused when patients breathed and moved. As well as providing images with better resolution, today's
scanners also provide more comfort for the patient.
C. During a CT scan, a patient must lie still on a special table while the radiology technician locates the specific
area that needs to be photographed. The table slides into a round tunnel (gantry), where it can be rotated or
moved forward and backward in order to obtain the necessary view. Inside the donut-shaped machine, a
number of X rays are taken, each producing a small slice of the image that doctors require. When passing
through dense tissue such as a bone, the X-ray beams are weak and appear white in the CT images. Tissues
such as those found in the brain are less dense and appear gray. Images that appear black denote organs such
as lungs or others that can fill with air.
D. The CT scanner is made up of several computer systems, including the host computer, which organizes the
entire process. One of the computers.converts the raw data into an image, while another allows the technician
to control the rotation of the gantry. After the information is processed, it is displayed on a monitor for
radiologists and physicians to analyze. The information is also saved and printed to keep in a doctor's records
and to share and discuss with patients and their family members.
E. Physicians order CT scans for a number of different reasons, including searching for and assessing tumors,
cysts, kidney stones, and bone injuries. Without this technology, surgeons would have to perform many
needless and costly operations. Brain, chest, and abdominal CT scans are the most common, though
physicians also rely on the CT scanner to guide their needles while draining an abscess or performing a biopsy.
Most emergency or shock-treatment centers contain a CT scanner in order to assess trauma victims. CT scans
can pinpoint internal bleeding both in the brain and throughout the body.
F. In many cases, a patient must be given a contrast material before undergoing a CT scan. During "dynamic CT
scanning", iodine dye is either injected into the blood or added to a drink that the patient must ingest
approximately forty-five minutes before entering the scanner. The liquid X-ray dye makes it easier to see the
organs and blood vessels when the pictures are developed. The intravenous contrast material is typically used
for chest or pelvic scans, while oral-contrast material is used. for abdominal scans. In some cases, physicians
request that pictures be taken both before and after the contrast material enters the patient's body. Patients
who receive contrast material in the arm often report feeling a warm sensation, and in rare cases an allergic
reaction occurs. Contrast material causes water loss and is avoided when scanning patients who suffer from
kidney failure.
G. The danger of radiation exposure caused by X-ray beams is generally considered minimal compared to the
benefits that a CT scan can provide. In many cases, especially in the detection of tumors and internal bleeding,
CT scans provide information that can save a person's life. Full-body scanning, which is saved for serious
conditions such as coronary artery disease, remains a controversial pro-cedure as prolonged exposure to
radiation is linked to cancer. Pregnant women are excluded from receiving CT scans, as the X rays can be
harmful to the fetus. When pregnant woman require an evaluation, most physicians favor using other
procedures such as an ultrasound or an MRI.
Questions 8-10
Which of the following are facts about the original CT scanner mentioned in the passage? Choose THREE
answers from the list below and write the correct letters on lines 8-10 on your answer sheet.
A. It made it difficult for patients to breathe.
B. It was created to take pictures of the brain.
C. It was much bigger than current CT scanners.