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Angular Momentum Sheet

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24 views3 pages

Angular Momentum Sheet

Uploaded by

khozyemmariam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Physics I Experiments

NEW MANSOURA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SCIENCE

Experiment NO: ( )

Conservation of Angular Momentum

Aim:
A non-rotating ring and also non-rotating disk are dropped onto a rotating disk. The angular speed is
measured immediately before the drop and after the ring stops sliding on the disk.
The initial angular momentum is compared to the final angular momentum in case of ring and disk.
Apparatus:
1- Precision Rotary Motion Sensor
2- Rotational Inertia Accessory
3- Large Rod Stand
4- 45 cm Long Steel Rod
5- Universal Interface
6- Balance
7- Stainless Steel Rod 470 mm
8- Clamp with Hook.

Theory:
A non-rotating ring is dropped onto a rotating disk. The angular speed is measured immediately before the
drop and after the ring stops sliding on the disk. The initial angular momentum is compared to the final angular
momentum.
When the ring is dropped onto the rotating disk, there is no net torque on the system since the torque on the
ring is equal and opposite to the torque on the disk. Therefore, there is no change in angular momentum;
angular momentum (L) is conserved.
L = Iiωᵢ = Ifωf (1)
where Ii is the initial rotational inertia and ωi is the initial angular speed. This assumes there is no torque due
to friction in the rotational motion sensor. This is not true, but the effect can be minimized by operating over
as short a time as possible. We also ignore the rotational inertia of the rotational motion sensor, which is quite
small compared to that of the ring or disk. The initial rotational inertia is that of a disk about an axis
perpendicular to the disk and through the center-of-mass (c.m.) is
Ii = Id = ½ MR2 (2)
where M is the mass and R is the radius of the ring. The rotational inertia of the ring about an axis through
its c.m. and parallel to the symmetry axis of the ring is
Ir = ½ M(R12 + R22) (3)
where R1 and R2 are the inner and outer radii of the ring.

1
Physics I Experiments
NEW MANSOURA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SCIENCE
Note that the final rotational inertia will be the sum of the initial disk plus whatever is dropped on it.
The rotational kinetic energy of a rotating object is given by
KE = ½ Iω2 (4)
Method:
1. Mount the Rotary Motion Sensor to a support rod and connect it to the 850 Universal Interface.
2. Determine the mass and the inner and outer radii of the ring using the calipers. Enter the values in the box
below.
3. Determine the mass and radius of each of the two disks. Enter the values in the box below.
4. Attach the 3-step pulley and Disk 1 to the Rotary Motion Sensor. Place an Alignment Guide on top of the
disk and tighten the screw.
5. Hold the ring centered on the disk and 2 to 3 mm above it.
6. Give the disk a clockwise spin (20-30 rad/sec) and start collecting data by clicking on the RECORD button.
After about two seconds of data has been taken, drop the ring onto the spinning disk. Note: The Alignment
Guide will center the ring on the disk.
7. After another two seconds, stop collecting data by clicking STOP.
8. Click on Data Summary (left of screen). Label this run “Ring”.
9. Remove the Alignment Guide and repeat the procedure, dropping Disk 2 onto Disk 1. The square hole in
the center of the dropped disk should be downward and must fit over the screw head sticking up from the
lower disk. Label this run “Disk 2”.

Results
Ring:
m=106.5 g
R₁=8.89/2 =4.45 cm = 0.0455 m
R₂=7.88/2 =3.94 cm = 0.0394 m

Disk 1:
m₁=105.5 g = 0.1055 kg
RDisk1=8.87/2 =4.44 cm = 0.0444 m

Disk 2:
m₂=105.6 g = 0.1056 kg
RDisk2=8.87/2 = 4.44 cm = 0.0444 m

I ring = 1/2M(R₁²+R₂²)=1/2(0.1065kg){(0.0445m)²+(0.0394m)²} = 1.88 x 10⁻⁴ kg.m²

I disk1 = 1/2MR²=1/2(0.1055 kg) (0.0444m)² = 1.04x 10⁻⁴ kg.m²

I disk2 = 1/2MR²=1/2(0.1056 kg) (0.0444m)² = 1.04x 10⁻⁴ kg.m²

2
Physics I Experiments
NEW MANSOURA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SCIENCE
Ring dropped on Disk1:
Example for the
Initial Angular Velocity ωᵢ = ……… rad/s from the graph on
graph that appear
computer. on the computer
Final Angular Velocity ωf = ……. rad/s from the graph on
computer.
ωᵢ rad/s
Lᵢ=Iᵢωᵢ=Idisk1ωᵢ = ………. kg.m²/s

Lf=Ifωf=Idisk+ring ωᵢ = ………kg.m²/s

Disk2 dropped on Disk1:


Initial Angular Velocity ωᵢ =………rad/s from the graph on ωf rad/s
computer.
Final Angular Velocity ωf= ………rad/s from the graph on
computer.

Lᵢ=Iᵢωᵢ=Idisk1ωᵢ = ………. kgm²/s

Lf=Ifωf=Idisk1+disk2ωᵢ = ……… kg.m²/s

K.E. before = 1/2Idisk1ωᵢ² = …………J

K.E. after = 1/2Idisk1+disk2ωᵢ² =………. J

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