PADRI WAR. Dwik

PADRI WAR
Created by :
Name : Dwiyana Aurelia
Number : 10
Class : X IPS-1
SMA RK BUDI MULIA PEMATANGSIANTAR

T.A 2022/2023
OUTLINES OF “PADRI WAR” TEXT :
Orientation : 1. What : 1.1 The Padri War was a war that happened due to the
differences in principles between Kaum Padri and Kaum
Adat in Minangkabau, West Sumatera that was
exacerbated by The Dutch.
1.2 Kaum Padri was a group of Minangkabau people who
lived based on Islamic law.
1.3 Kaum Adat was a group of Minangkabau people who
lived based on the customs or culture of their ancestors.
2. Where : Minangkabau, West Sumatera.
3. When : In 1803-1838.
4. Who : Kaum Padri, Kaum Adat, and The Dutch.
Sequence of events : Main Idea of Event 1 : Kaum Padri opposed the actions of Kaum
Adat which were contrary to Islamic law.
Main Idea of Event 2 : The Minangkabau split opened a gap for the
Dutch to control West Sumatera.
Reorientation : Main Idea : The Dutch trick succeeded in defeated and
aborted the Minangkabau .
Supporting Idea : The Padri War ended in 1838 and the Dutch
controlled West Sumatra as the winner.
Pagaruyung Kingdom eventually became
part of Pax Netherlandica under the control
of the Dutch East Indies. So the rest of the
Minangkabau people were forced to move to
Negeri Sembilan on the Malay Peninsula.
Summary : The Padri war taught us that differences
was not a problem, but it was a thing that
can use as strength to unite.
THE PADRI WAR

The Padri War was a war that occurred in 1803-1838 due to differences in principles between
Kaum Padri and Kaum Adat in Minangkabau, West Sumatera that was exacerbated by The
Dutch. Kaum Padri was a group of Minangkabau people who lived based on Islamic law,
while Kaum Adat was a group of Minangkabau people who lived based on the customs or
culture of their ancestors. Kaum Adat lived by gambled, cockfought, drinked, smoked, and
used matriarchate law for inheritance distribution.
At first Kaum Padri opposed the actions of Kaum Adat which were contrary to Islamic law.
So they reminded Kaum Adat to stopped their bad habits. However, Kaum Adat continued to
carry out their bad habits and made the dispute between the two peoples turbulent. In 1803
three members of Kaum Padri, namely Haji Miskin, Haji Sumanik, and Haji Piobang returned
from Mecca and wanted to renew the implementation of Islamic law in Minangkabau. This
renewal activity was called Gerakan Padri. The various ways used by Kaum Padri to made
Kaum Adat lived accord to Islamic law instead became a civil war that occurred in 1803. In
1815 the two groups of Minangkabau returned to war. In that war, Kaum Padri were led by
eight people, namely Tuanku Nan Renceh, Tuanku Pasaman, Tuanku Rao, Tuanku Tambusai,
Tuanku Lintau, Tuanku Mansiangan, Tuanku Bijak Sikek, and Tuanku Barumun called
"Harimau Nan Salapan". Kaum Padri attacked the kingdom of Kaum Adat, Pagaruyung
Kingdom that led by Sultan Arifin Muningsyah. Then, the war made Sultan Arifin
Muningsyah fled and Kaum Padri succeeded in suppressing Kaum Adat.
The Minangkabau split opened a gap for the Dutch to control West Sumatera. In 1821, the
Dutch Colonial Government named James Du Puy made a agreement with Kaum Adat to
jointly fought Kaum Padri. If the resistance was successful, the Dutch got part of the
Minangkabau territory in return. After successfully fought Kaum Padri, the Dutch finally
occupied several Minangkabau areas and even acted arbitrarily against Kaum Adat. In
September 1821 the Dutch posts in Simawang, Soli Air and Sipinang were attacked again by
Kaum Padri led by Tuanku Pasaman and almost won. Therefore, the Dutch sent a peace
agreement to Kaum Padri, so that the Dutch would not lose to them. Tuanku Pasaman, who
knew the cunning of the Dutch, ignored the agreement. In the next year 1822, Kaum Padri
led under Tuanku Nan Renceh attacked the Dutch under Captain Goffinet and won from The
Dutch. In February 1824, the Dutch took control of IV Koto area and made Kaum Padri in
Bonjol angry. The anger made the Padri led by Tuanku Imam Bonjol fought the Dutch posts
in Saruaso. Until 1825 the Dutch recognized the territory of Tuan-Tuanku in Lintau, IV Koto,
Telawas, and Agam as a peace agreement. Kaum Adat felt betrayed by the Dutch, and also
were disappointed. Around 1830, Kaum Adat and Kaum Padri realized that the Dutch were
their main enemy. They united to attack the Dutch so that the Dutch position in West Sumatra
was increasingly desperate. However, on August 10, 1837 the Dutch committed fraud by
negotiating with Tuanku Imam Bonjol. The Dutch focused on controlling the Bonjol area and
surrounded Fort Bonjol in October 1837. The Dutch arrested and exiled Tuanku Imam Bonjol
to Cianjur, then to Ambon, and ended to Lotta that the place of his death on November 8,
1864.
The Dutch trick succeeded in defeated and aborted the Minangkabau. The Padri War ended in
1838 and the Dutch controlled West Sumatra as the winner. Pagaruyung Kingdom eventually
became part of Pax Netherlandica under the control of the Dutch East Indies. So the rest of
the Minangkabau people were forced to move to Negeri Sembilan on the Malay Peninsula.
The Padri war taught us that differences was not a problem, but it was a thing that can use
as strength to unite.

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PADRI WAR

SMA RK BUDI MULIA PEMATANGSIANTAR

THE PADRI WAR

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