User’s guide

User’s guide
December 2011
WARNINGS
In writing this manual every care has been taken to offer the most updated, correct and clear
information possible; however unwanted errors are always possible and information can be subject to
change. LSE S.r.l. cannot assume any liability resulting from the use of this manual and the same is true
for every person or company involved in the creation, production or distribution of this manual. This
manual is protected by copyright. Reproduction of this manual, even partial, in the absence of written
authorization by LSE S.r.l. is prohibited by law.

Trademarks
Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and elsewhere.
Bluetooth is a registered trademark of Bluetooth SIG, Inc.
AutoCAD is a registered trademark of AutoDesk Inc.
All other trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners.
Index
WARNINGS............................................................................................................................................ 4
Trademarks............................................................................................................................................... 4

Index ..................................................................................................................................................... 5

Introduction .........................................................................................................................................13

Software installation ............................................................................................................................14

Installation on Windows CE .................................................................................................................... 14
Installation on Windows Mobile ............................................................................................................ 14

Starting software .................................................................................................................................15

Starting software from Windows Mobile 6.0 ......................................................................................... 15
Starting software from Windows Mobile 6.5 ......................................................................................... 15
Running software from Windows CE ..................................................................................................... 15

Workspace ...........................................................................................................................................16
Main window.......................................................................................................................................... 16
Dialog boxes ........................................................................................................................................... 17
Virtual keyboard ..................................................................................................................................... 17

Job manager.........................................................................................................................................18
Creating a new job ................................................................................................................................. 18
File of the job ......................................................................................................................................... 18
Open existing job .................................................................................................................................... 18
Make a copy of the current job .............................................................................................................. 19
Deleting a job ......................................................................................................................................... 19
Recovering a job ..................................................................................................................................... 19

Instruments setup ................................................................................................................................20

Creating a new profile ............................................................................................................................ 20
Editing and deleting of a profile ............................................................................................................. 20
Making a profile current ......................................................................................................................... 20
Information about the current receiver ................................................................................................. 20
Reconfigure current receiver ................................................................................................................. 20
Setting a Zenith 10/20 GNSS receiver .................................................................................................... 21
Setting a generic NMEA receiver ............................................................................................................ 22
Setting of the internet provider ............................................................................................................. 23
Setting of parameters to access a permanent stations network. .......................................................... 24

5
 GPS status and profile changing ..........................................................................................................25
GPS status ............................................................................................................................................... 25
Quality ................................................................................................................................................ 25
Position............................................................................................................................................... 26
Sky ...................................................................................................................................................... 26
SV ....................................................................................................................................................... 26
Base .................................................................................................................................................... 26
Enter to settings of current receiver .................................................................................................. 26
Re-configure current receiver ............................................................................................................ 27
Re-connect GPRS communication ...................................................................................................... 27
GPS status from Surveying and Stakeout commands ............................................................................ 27
Change current profile ........................................................................................................................... 27

General configuration ..........................................................................................................................28

Units ....................................................................................................................................................... 28
Decimals ................................................................................................................................................. 28
Coordinates ............................................................................................................................................ 28
Survey & Stakeout .................................................................................................................................. 28
Miscellaneous ......................................................................................................................................... 30

CAD ......................................................................................................................................................31
Close CAD ............................................................................................................................................... 31
Display commands ................................................................................................................................. 31
CAD setup ............................................................................................................................................... 32
Miscellaneous settings ....................................................................................................................... 32
Survey - filters .................................................................................................................................... 32
Points - Filters ..................................................................................................................................... 32
Drawing – Filters ................................................................................................................................ 33
Importing DXF files ................................................................................................................................. 33
Exporting DXF files.................................................................................................................................. 33
Layer manager ........................................................................................................................................ 34
Setting layer color .............................................................................................................................. 34
Create a new layer ............................................................................................................................. 34
Make visible/invisible a layer ............................................................................................................. 34
Make visible/invisible all layers .......................................................................................................... 34
Changing color/line-type to a layer .................................................................................................... 34
Managing raster images ......................................................................................................................... 34
Importing a raster image .................................................................................................................... 34
Keep visible/invisible a raster image .................................................................................................. 35

6
 Delete a raster image ......................................................................................................................... 35
Connect a raster image ...................................................................................................................... 35
Object Snap ............................................................................................................................................ 35
Enabling and disabling object snaps................................................................................................... 35
How to use object snaps .................................................................................................................... 35
Snap on topographic points ............................................................................................................... 36
Drawing functions .................................................................................................................................. 36
Editing and new points creation functions (COGO) ............................................................................... 36
Deleting objects.................................................................................................................................. 37
Offset .................................................................................................................................................. 37
Distance intersection ......................................................................................................................... 37
Intersection ........................................................................................................................................ 37
Distance and offset ............................................................................................................................ 38
Divide ................................................................................................................................................. 38
Measure ............................................................................................................................................. 38
Information commands .......................................................................................................................... 38
ID – Coordinates of a point ................................................................................................................ 39
Distance between two points ............................................................................................................ 39
Distance point-object ......................................................................................................................... 39
Angle .................................................................................................................................................. 39
Area .................................................................................................................................................... 40
List ...................................................................................................................................................... 40
Find topographic point ....................................................................................................................... 40
Contextual toolbar – Points.................................................................................................................... 40
Contextual toolbar – CAD objects .......................................................................................................... 41

Survey points, measures and codes manager .......................................................................................42

Topographic points................................................................................................................................. 42
Creating a new point .......................................................................................................................... 42
Editing a point .................................................................................................................................... 42
Viewing point on CAD......................................................................................................................... 43
Stakeout of a point ............................................................................................................................. 43
Deleting a point .................................................................................................................................. 43
Deleting a group of points .................................................................................................................. 43
Changing view of point data............................................................................................................... 43
Finding a point.................................................................................................................................... 43
Managing sketches associated to points............................................................................................ 43
Field book ............................................................................................................................................... 44

7
 Adding a note ..................................................................................................................................... 44
Editing a measure ............................................................................................................................... 44
Deleting a measure ............................................................................................................................ 44
Deleting a group of measures ............................................................................................................ 44
Find a measure ................................................................................................................................... 45
Reference points .................................................................................................................................... 45
Survey codes .......................................................................................................................................... 45
Creating a new code ........................................................................................................................... 45
Editing a code ..................................................................................................................................... 46
Deleting a code................................................................................................................................... 46
Deleting a group of codes .................................................................................................................. 46
Creating a new library ........................................................................................................................ 46
Loading an existing library.................................................................................................................. 46
Importing a list of codes from ASCII files ........................................................................................... 46
Exporting current library .................................................................................................................... 47

Coordinate systems ..............................................................................................................................48

Coordinate system – Planimetric ........................................................................................................... 48
Local system – Single point ................................................................................................................ 48
Local system – Multi points ................................................................................................................ 48
Cartographic system........................................................................................................................... 49
Coordinate system – Elevation ............................................................................................................... 49
Exporting current coordinate system ..................................................................................................... 50
Loading a coordinate system.................................................................................................................. 50
Report of current coordinate system ..................................................................................................... 50

Starting a GPS base ..............................................................................................................................51

Starting a base on a known position ...................................................................................................... 51
Starting a base on current position ........................................................................................................ 52
Starting a base with previous settings ................................................................................................... 52

GPS Survey of points ............................................................................................................................53

Points surveying ..................................................................................................................................... 53
Quick point measuring ....................................................................................................................... 54
Points measuring ................................................................................................................................ 54
Hidden points ..................................................................................................................................... 55
Measuring hidden points by intersection of two distances ............................................................... 55
Measuring hidden points by distance and offset ............................................................................... 57
Accuracy check ................................................................................................................................... 58
Inserting a note .................................................................................................................................. 59

8
 Field book ........................................................................................................................................... 59
Editing view ........................................................................................................................................ 59
Automatic surveying of points ............................................................................................................... 60
Startup of the automatic measuring .................................................................................................. 61
Surveying with recording of data for Post-Processing ........................................................................... 61
GeoMax Zenith 10/20 GNSS ............................................................................................................... 62
Static survey ........................................................................................................................................... 62
GeoMax Zenith 10/20 GNSS ............................................................................................................... 62
Starting occupation ............................................................................................................................ 62

Stakeout with GPS ...............................................................................................................................64

Stakeout information ............................................................................................................................. 64
Receiver information .......................................................................................................................... 64
Stakeout information ......................................................................................................................... 64
Stakeout tolerance ............................................................................................................................. 65
Information referring to North or to Sun ........................................................................................... 65
Graphic and analytic view .................................................................................................................. 66
Vocal information ............................................................................................................................... 66
How to interpret information provided ............................................................................................. 66
Common operations in stakeout ............................................................................................................ 66
Measuring the point ........................................................................................................................... 66
Accuracy check and stakeout parameters ......................................................................................... 67
Inserting a note .................................................................................................................................. 68
Stakeout of points .................................................................................................................................. 68
Stakeout of topographic points .......................................................................................................... 69
Stakeout of coordinates ENZ .............................................................................................................. 69
Stakeout of WGS84 coordinates ........................................................................................................ 69
Stakeout of a list of points ................................................................................................................. 69
Stakeout procedure ............................................................................................................................ 70
Stakeout of the next point ................................................................................................................. 70
Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects................................................................................................................ 71
Stakeout of line by 2 points ................................................................................................................ 71
Stakeout of arc by 3 points................................................................................................................. 71
Stakeout of arc by 2 points and radius ............................................................................................... 71
Stakeout of CAD element ................................................................................................................... 72
Stakeout procedure ............................................................................................................................ 72
Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset ................................................................................................ 72
Stakeout by offset referring to a line by 2 points ............................................................................... 73

9
 Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 3 points ............................................................................. 73
Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 2 points and radius ............................................................ 73
Stakeout by offset referring to a CAD element .................................................................................. 73
Offset parameters .............................................................................................................................. 73
Stakeout procedure ............................................................................................................................ 74
Stakeout of the next point by offset .................................................................................................. 74
Stakeout of side slopes ........................................................................................................................... 74
Slopes ................................................................................................................................................. 75
Stakeout procedure ............................................................................................................................ 75
Stakeout report ...................................................................................................................................... 76

COGO ...................................................................................................................................................77
Inverse .................................................................................................................................................... 77
Inverse referring to a point ................................................................................................................ 77
Inverse referring to a line by 2 points ................................................................................................ 78
Inverse referring to an arc by 3 points ............................................................................................... 78
Inverse referring to an arc by 2 points and radius ............................................................................. 78
Inverse referring to a CAD element.................................................................................................... 79
Distance & Offset ................................................................................................................................... 79
Intersection ............................................................................................................................................ 80
Intersection Double distance ............................................................................................................. 81
Intersection Distance and azimuth .................................................................................................... 81
Intersection double azimuth .............................................................................................................. 82
Intersection 4 points .......................................................................................................................... 83
Subdivision ............................................................................................................................................. 83

Data import..........................................................................................................................................85
Importing from file in AutoCAD DXF format .......................................................................................... 85
Importing from file in ASCII format ........................................................................................................ 85
Importing from files in GSI format ......................................................................................................... 86

Export data ..........................................................................................................................................87

Exporting on file in AutoCAD DXF format ............................................................................................... 87
Exporting on file in ASCII format ............................................................................................................ 87
Exporting on file in GSI format ............................................................................................................... 88
Exporting on file in 1200/Viva format for Topko.................................................................................... 88
Exporting measures ................................................................................................................................ 88

Appendix..............................................................................................................................................90
Getac keyboard .................................................................................Errore. Il segnalibro non è definito.

10
11
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing XPAD!
This guide will allow you to get all the information you need to use your XPAD quickly and efficiently in
all situations.

XPAD functions are organized in modules that cover the different needs of users. Modularity is the
following:

Modules Description

Basic module in which there are all essential features for surveying and stakeout.

Advanced surveying features to improve productivity and efficiency in the surveying

and stakeout process.

In description of the commands that are not present in the standard module, it is reported the logo of
the module to which they refer.

Introduction - 13
Software installation
To install the software on the controller you need the following files:

File Description

XPAD Setup.CAB Installation file of the software

NETCFv35.wm.armv4i.cab System libraries for controllers with Windows Mobile

NETCFv35.wce.armv4.cab System libraries for controllers with Windows CE

Installation on Windows CE
Steps to follow are the followings:
1. Copy NETCFv35.wce.armv4.cab file in the main folder of the controller.
2. Copy XPAD Setup.CAB file in the main folder of the controller.
3. From controller click on icon MyDevice to enter in files manager.
4. Open main folder of the controller.
5. Run application NETCFv35.wce.armv4.cab
6. Confirm installation folder hitting OK.
7. Wait for completion of the installation procedure. The installation file will be automatically deleted
from the folder.
8. Run XPAD Setup application.
9. Confirm installation folder hitting OK.
10. Wait for completion of the installation procedure. The installation file will be automatically deleted
from the folder.

Installation on Windows Mobile

Steps to follow are the followings:
1. Copy NETCFv35.wm.armv4.cab file in the main folder of the controller.
2. Copy XPAD Setup.CAB file in the main folder of the controller.
3. From controller click on Start and then on Programs menu.
4. From programs list select item Explore files.
5. Open main folder of the controller.
6. Run application NETCFv35.wm.armv4.cab
7. Confirm Device as position of installation; continue hitting OK or Install.
8. Wait for completion of the installation procedure. The installation file will be automatically deleted
from the folder.
9. Run XPAD Setup application.
10. Confirm Device as position of installation; continue hitting OK or Install.
11. Wait for completion of the installation procedure. The installation file will be automatically deleted
from the folder.

14 - Installation on Windows CE
Starting software

Starting software from Windows Mobile 6.0

To run software from controllers with Windows Mobile O.S. select Start and then Programs. From

programs list select XPAD item.

Starting software from Windows Mobile 6.5

To run software from controllers with Windows Mobile O.S. select Start; from programs list select
XPAD item.

Running software from Windows CE

To run software from controllers with Windows CE O.S. double click on icon XPAD on desktop;
otherwise select Start, Programs and then XPAD item.

Starting software - 15
Workspace
Understanding the rules about operating with the workspace is essential to use the software quickly and
efficiently.

Main window
The main window is characterized by a "circular" menu on the top, by the commands corresponding to
the main menu and by the icons for the general use.
The "circular" menu allows you to access the list of commands corresponding to the selected menu.
Press the buttons located to the right and to the left to access the different menus.

In the central part of the screen are displayed the commands corresponding to the selected main menu;
to run a command touch the corresponding item.

Commands are identified also by a number that allows to recall rapidly with keyboard of the controller
hitting the corresponding button.
In the lower part of the screen there are commands for general use.

Command Description

Enter the graphic CAD

CAD

Enter the window that allows to control general status of the connected
receiver and to change current profile. The icon represent the type of
GPS instrument actually connected: Rover GPS or Base GPS.

Enter the window that allows to set parameters of the receiver and of the
software
Setup

Quit software

Esci

16 - Main window
Dialog boxes
Dialog boxes are characterized by an upper bar, by a title bar, by the contents of the window and by a
status bar.
The upper bar reports several useful information:

 Software icon: clicking on the icon you get general information about the software;
 Current job name
 Receiver battery status: clicking on the icon you get general Information about receiver battery
status
 Controller battery status: clicking on the icon you get general Information about controller battery
status
 Time

Title bar allows to close the window and perform main operations:

 Close/Cancel: the button allows to close the current window and go back to the previous
window
 Title of the window
 Command: the button, if present, allows executing a particular function. There are the following
types of buttons:

Button Meaning Description

Command Allows to execute an operation on the window and on its data

Confirm To hit to confirm data modifications

Step To hit to move to the next step in a guided procedure

The status bar can contain a central item allowing to go to advanced functions.

Virtual keyboard
To enter to keyboard from every input field click inside the field itself. Virtual keyboard allows to insert
alphabetic, numeric and symbols data.

Workspace - 17
Job manager

Creating a new job

Appears a window showing jobs that are present in current folder. The new job will be created in
current folder; to change current folder hit the button on the right of the path.

Hit New button to create a new job.

New job

Job name Name of the job and of corresponding file to be created.

Operator Name of the operator (optional)

Note Notes about the job (optional)

Set the name of the job and eventually the other information data. Hit Create to proceed in creation of
the job.

File of the job

Every job is stored in a file with GFD extension. The auto-save procedure creates a copy of the job with
GFD_BAK extension.
Moreover, every time a job is closed a RAW file with RAW extension is created; the RAW file is a text file
reporting all essential data about the job: topographic points and measures. The RAW file can be used
with third-party software to import field data.
Sketches connected to points or to filed book are stored to a subfolder of the folder of the job; name of
the subfolder is <name of the job>_IMG.

Open existing job

It appears a window showing the jobs present in the current folder. To change the current folder hit the
button to the right of the route.

Select the name of the job from the list to open it.

18 - Creating a new job

Make a copy of the current job

It appears a window showing jobs present in the current folder. To change the folder on which to copy
the current job hit the button on the right of the path.

In the lower part of the window set the name to assign to the copy of the current job.

Hit Save button to execute the copy of current job.

Deleting a job

It appears a window showing jobs present in the current folder. To change the current folder hit the
button to the right of the path.

Select the name of the job to delete from the list and confirm to the next request.

Recovering a job
The recovering procedure allows to import in a new job the RAW file of another job that results
damaged and no more usable. It is asked to select the RAW file to load and to assign a name to the new
job to create.

Job manager - 19
Instruments setup
Instruments setup allows to set parameters of the connection between the software resident on the
controller and the receiver; moreover allows to set the operating parameters of the receiver.

Command

Setup

The list reports the available configuration profiles; an instrument profile it’s a set of settings
establishing connection parameters to the receiver and operating modes of the same.

Current profile is identified with symbol and represents the instrument with which you are
working.

Creating a new profile

Hit New button to create a new instrument profile. A guided procedure will allow you to set the model
of instrument and to define all connection and operating parameters.

Editing and deleting of a profile

To edit or delete a profile select it and hit Modify or Delete button. The Modify button allows to enter
all connection and operating parameters of the selected instrument.

Making a profile current

To run communication between software and the instrument defined in a profile it’s necessary to select
the profile hit the Current button.

Information about the current receiver

Selecting the row related to the current receiver, for some receivers, it’s available the Info button
allowing to obtain some information concerning the connected device. Particularly you can know the
firmware versions and the battery level.

Reconfigure current receiver

Selecting the row related to the current receiver, for some receivers, it’s available the Reconfigure
button operating a general reprogramming of the connected device without requesting to open the
profile and run all settings pages.

20 - Creating a new profile

Setting a Zenith 10/20 GNSS receiver
Receiver

Profile Name Name identifying the profile

Mode GPS Rover or GPS Base; allows to specify whether to use receiver as a base or
as a rover.

Brand GeoMax

Model Zenith 10/20 GNSS

Hit Next to go to next step.

Connection

Connection Bluetooth

Device List of still associated devices. To search a new Bluetooth device select Find
devices item. The Bluetooth Manager window shows still associated devices
and allows to execute a new research.
Searching of new devices gives a list of Bluetooth devices present nearby;
select device corresponding to receiver to connect with.

Advanced Allows to go to parameters to use for communication (Baud rate, data bits,
stop bits, parity).

Hit Next to go to next step.

RTK

Device Type of device to use to send (base) and to receive (rover) differential
corrections. Possible options are:
 None: receiver do not send and receive any type of corrections.
 Internal radio: using internal radio to send and to receive corrections.
 Internal GPRS: using internal GPRS to connect to a permanent stations
service sending corrections through internet.
Next requests depend to the type of settings made.

RTK – Internal Radio

Channel Radio Channel to use for transmission and receiving; base and rover must
use the same channel and the same frequency.
Last item of the list permits to enter to a window allowing to manually
modify frequency assigned to each channel.

Format Corrections format; base and rover must use the same data format.

Base ID Name identifying the base; this value allows to receive corrections only from
identified base avoiding to receive corrections from other bases nearby. The
base ID must be set at the same value both in the base and in the rover.

RTK – Internal GPRS

Provider Name of the phone provider providing GPRS service; select Providers item to
define a new provider or to modify parameters of an existing provider.

Instruments setup - 21
 Server Name of the permanent stations service to connect to; select NTRIP servers
item to define a new service or to modify parameters of an existing service.

Mountpoint Click on the item to access to list of “mountpoint” of the server to connect
with.

Data format Data format of the corrections; it is necessary to set the same data format
sent by the permanent station (mountpoint).

Hit Next to go to next step.

Parameters

Satellites Cut-off Minimum height, in degrees referring to horizon, to consider satellites

usable; allows to avoid using satellites too low on the horizon increasing so
precision.

Maximum DOP Maximum DOP value over which position is not calculated.

Use GLONASS Enables the use of satellites in the GLONASS constellation.

Position update Frequency with which the value of the position it’s updates. Especially for
frequency tracking operations we recommend a value of 5 times per second.

Hit Next to go to next step.

Post-Processing

Log data for Post- Activates data recording for post-processing during all surveying operations.
Processing Starting a surveying operation it will be asked to indicate the file name where
data have to be saved.
In the file it’s recorded the kinematic chain, but there are no information
about the measured points.
The file has DAT extension and it can be converted in RINEX format using the
specified STH2RINEX application.

Logging rate Frequency for post-processing data recording.

Hit Next to go to next step.

Antenna

Model Zenith 10/20 Integrated

Offset L1 0

Offset L2 0

Antenna Height Default receiver antenna height.

Hit End to confirm assigned parameters.

Setting a generic NMEA receiver

Hit New button to create a new instrument profile; first step of the guided procedure allows to define
following parameters:

22 - Setting a generic NMEA receiver

 Receiver

Profile name Name of the profile

Mode GPS Rover; NMEA receiver cannot function as a base

Brand NMEA

Model NMEA Generic

Hit Next to go to next step.

Communication

Connection Set if the connection is through a serial port (COM port option) or through a
Bluetooth connection (Bluetooth option).

Communication – COM

Port Set port you are using for communication.

Advanced Allows to access to parameters to use for communication (Baud rate, data
bits, stop bits, parity).

Communication - Bluetooth

Device List of still associated devices. To search for a new Bluetooth device select
Search Device item. The Bluetooth Manager window shows still associated
devices and allows executing a new research.
Research of new devices gives a list of Bluetooth devices nearby; select
device corresponding to receiver to connect.

Advanced Allows entering to parameters to use for communication (Baud rate, data
bits, stop bits, parity).

Hit Next to go to next step.

Antenna

Model Integrated

Offset L1 0

Offset L2 0

Antenna height Default receiver antenna height.

Hit End to confirm assigned parameters.

Setting of the internet provider

The provider supplies the GPRS data service. To set the provider enter following parameters:

Instruments setup - 23
 Provider

Name Description (name) of provider

APN Server Name of the access point for GRPS and UMTS nets. Example: web.omnitel.it

User ID Set UserID to access the service (only if access is protected by UserID and
Password).

Password Set Password to access the service (only if access is protected by UserID and
Password).

PIN PIN to use the SIM card.

Setting of parameters to access a permanent stations network.

A server is a permanent stations service to connect through internet receiving differential corrections in
real time. Setting a server you need to enter following parameters:

Server

Name Description of the server

IP Address IP address of the service

Port Number of the port you are using

UserID Identification of the user registered at the service.

Password Password assigned to the registered user

IP address, number of the port, UserID and Password they are data provided to you when you register to
this kind of service.

24 - Setting of parameters to access a permanent stations network.

GPS status and profile changing
From the main menu at any time you can access a window that shows the overall status of the GPS
receiver and change the current profile. The window displays in the upper part an item that gives you
access to the GPS status and reports a list of all defined instruments profiles.

GPS status
Command

Enter the window to control the general status of the connected receiver and
to change current profile. The icon represent the type of instrument actually
GPS connected: Rover GPS or Base GPS.

Select item GPS Status: the window shows all current parameters of the receiver as position, signal
quality, satellites position and some information about the base. These information are available
through a tools bar.

Quality
The page reports all information about quality with which receiver is working.

GPS status- Quality

Position Type of positioning quality; possible values are:

 Autonomous : receiver is acquiring position in autonomous way
without receiving corrections from any source (minimum precision)
 RTK Mobile : receiver is receiving corrections from a source but
it has not yet fixed ambiguity
 RTK Fixed : receiver is receiving corrections from a source and it
has fixed the ambiguity (maximum precision)
 DGPS : receiver is receiving differential corrections in DGPS
mode.

2D precision Precision of current position regarding coordinates

Elevation precision Precision of current position regarding elevation

Satellites Number of satellites of the different constellations

HDOP Horizontal DOP

VDOP Vertical DOP

PDOP General DOP related to satellites position

Age corrections Delay in receiving corrections; a high value indicates missing of

corrections received

GSM signal Level of GSM signal

GPS status and profile changing - 25

 NTRIP Server Name of the used NTRIP server

Mountpoint Name of the mountpoint to which you have been accessed

Position

GPS status – Position

Geographic Coordinates Current Latitude, Longitude and height (on the phase center)

Plane Coordinates Corresponding plane coordinates; values are available only if a

coordinates system has been set

Sky
SkyPlot reporting position and elevation of tracked satellites. Clicking on a satellite it appears a window
showing all its information.

SV
The table reports the list of all tracked satellites with all related information.

GPS – SV status

Indicates satellites contributing to position calculation and ignored

satellites

Number of the satellite and constellation

Position Indicates position of satellite with cardinal points

Elevation Indicates the elevation of the satellite in the sky

Signal/Noise Signal/noise ratio

Base
The table reports information related to the reference base.

GPS – Base status

Base Name of the base

Place Place where is the base (only for connection to Leica ITALPOS network)

Latitude/Longitude/ Coordinates of the base

Height (PhC)

Distance Distance between base and current position

Enter to settings of current receiver

Setup button allows entering to setup window of parameters of current receiver profile. At the end of
guided procedure receiver is thoroughly re-configured with set parameters.

26 - GPS status
Re-configure current receiver
For some receivers it’s possible to re-program the receiver with current parameters without having to
open the setup window and go through the guided procedure.
Hit Setup button and from the appearing menu select Configure receiver item; receiver will be
thoroughly re-programmed with current parameters.

Re-connect GPRS communication

For some receivers it’s possible to reset GPRS connection with current parameters without having to
open setup window and go through guided procedure.
Hit Setup button and from appearing menu select Connect GPRS item; GPRS connection is closed and
restarted with current parameters.

GPS status from Surveying and Stakeout commands

It’s possible to access the window of GPS status not only from the main menu but also from all surveying
and stakeout commands. In the surveying and stakeout windows is always present the following panel:

Clicking on the panel you enter to the GPS status window.

Change current profile

Command

Enter the window to control the general status of the connected receiver and
to change current profile. The icon represent the type of instrument actually
GPS connected: Rover GPS or Base GPS.

Through this window it’s possible to pass quickly from an instrument profile to another.
The window reports the list of all defined instruments profiles and highlights current profile. Select one
of the profiles to set it as current one; the software will try to connect to the instrument indicated in the
profile.

GPS status and profile changing - 27

General configuration
This software is subject to several different parameters and options that are thoroughly customizable by
the operator.

Units
Command

Setup

The window allows to set units to use for each kind of data.

Decimals
Command

Setup

The windows allows to set number of decimals to show each kind of data.

Coordinates
Command

Setup

The windows allows to set the character to identify abscissas, ordinates and elevations. You can also set
the display order and placement of the abscissas and ordinates.

Survey & Stakeout

Command

Setup

A guided procedure allows to set parameters about functioning of surveying and stakeout operations.

28 - Units
 GPS Survey – Accuracy check

Epochs Number of epochs to acquire for each measure.

Accuracy check Activates accuracy check; epoch is accepted if it comply the precision
conditions set.

Horizontal Maximum horizontal precision to keep acceptable the measure.

Vertical Maximum vertical precision (in elevation) to keep acceptable the measure.

Hit Next to go to next step.

GPS survey – Automatic

Mode Mode to use for automatic surveying of points:

- Time: the position is acquired at fixed intervals of time
- Distance 2D: the position is acquired at fixed intervals of horizontal
distance
- Distance 3D: the position is acquired at fixed intervals of 3D distance
- Stop & Go: the position is acquired in stop & go mode; when the
antenna remains still the software begins acquiring position.

GPS survey – Automatic – Time mode

Measure every (sec) Set the interval of time between every automatic acquisition of position.

GPS survey – Automatic – Distance 2D

Measure every Set the interval of horizontal distance that must be between position to
acquire and previously acquired position.

GPS survey – Automatic – Distance 3D

Measure every Set the interval of 3D distance that must be between position to acquire and
previously acquired position.

GPS survey – Automatic – Stop & Go

Stop time (sec) Defines the time spent on the point to allow the acquisition of the position.

Max. movement Maximum movement allowed to consider the antenna still; when the
antenna software recognize that the antenna remains almost still with a movement
less than maximum value, it begins acquisition of position for the preset stop
time.

Hit Next to go to next step.

Stakeout - Parameters

Tolerance Maximum distance between current position and position to reach to

consider being on the stakeout position; if the distance between current
position and position to reach is less or the same as tolerance, the software
highlights achieving of stakeout position.

General configuration - 29
 Maximum difference between current slope and design slope; if the slope
Tolerance slope difference between current slope and design slope is less or the same as
tolerance, the software highlights achieving of stakeout slope.

Vocal Info Activates vocal information

Reference Defines reference to which are provided information to reach stakeout

position. References can be:
- North: information are provided with respect to the North; turn
controller toward the North and follow indications.
- Sun: information are provided with respect to the Sun; turn
controller toward the Sun and follow indications.

Complete drawing Enables viewing of drawing information in the graphic window during
stakeout operations.

Hit End to save modifications.

Miscellaneous
Command

Setup

The page allows to set general parameters of the software.

Miscellaneous

Numeric codes Activates a preferential use of numeric codes regarding the survey codes.

Autosave Activates automatic saving of the current job; the autosave operation creates
a copy of the current job changing the extension of the file.

Every (min.) Interval of time passing among autosaving operations.

Language Language used by the software; for a correct functioning we recommend to

restart the software after language modification.

30 - Miscellaneous
CAD
The CAD of XPAD it’s a main element of the whole solution allowing to use the software not only for
surveying and stakeout but also as a real helping tool in every situation.

Command

access to graphic CAD

The window displays a tool bar in the lower part from which you can access to all CAD functions.

Close CAD
Clicking on the graphic window they appear buttons for display mode and a button to close CAD
window.

Display commands
Clicking on the graphic window they appear buttons for displaying of the drawing.

Display commands

Zoom All Displaying of all drawing elements.

Zoom Window Allows to define displaying window indicating opposite angles .

Zoom + Approaches the point of view, enlarging the view.

CAD - 31
 Zoom - Takes away the point of view by reducing the view.

Shows current position of the antenna on the drawing; it’s

GPS navigation necessary having set a coordinate system. The position of the
antenna is maintained inside the graphic window.

The shifting of view is always active; click on the drawing and

Pan
drag it.

After a few seconds of not using the buttons automatically disappear.

CAD setup
The CAD functions are subject to several parameters and option you can thoroughly customize and edit
in every moment.

Miscellaneous settings

Command

Data Setup

Miscellaneous settings

Snap confirmation Activates manual confirmation of the selected snap. Activating option Snap
confirmation the software shows the desired snap position and waits for
confirmation by clicking on defined position. Deactivating option Snap
confirmation the software shows the snap position but goes on without
waiting for confirmation.

Survey - filters

Command

Data Setup

The page allows to set survey data to be displayed in the graphic window.

Points - Filters

Command

Data Setup

32 - CAD setup
The page allows to set information of topographic points that have to be displayed in the graphic
window.

Drawing – Filters

Command

Data Setup

Drawing – Filters

Main drawing Activates displaying of drawing elements in the graphic window.

External references Not used.

Linetypes Activates displaying of types of lines in drawing displaying.

One color drawing Activates displaying of the drawing in single color.

One color Color to use in displaying of the drawing in case of using One color drawing
option activated.

Double weight line Activates displaying of the drawing double weight of the lines.

Importing DXF files

Command

Import a file AutoCAD DXF format.

Data DXF In

For information about importing DXF files refer to chapter Import of data.

Exporting DXF files

Command

Exporting data in AutoCAD DXF format.

Data DXF Out

For information about exporting DXF files refer to chapter Export of data.

CAD - 33
 Layer manager
Command

Opens the drawing layers manager window.

Data Layers

The window allows to manage layers of the drawing.

Setting layer color

Current layer is marked by symbol . To set the current layer it’s sufficient to select corresponding

symbol .

Create a new layer

To create a new layer hit button New. Assign a name to the layer to create and hit OK.

Make visible/invisible a layer

Visible layers are marked with symbol , invisible layers are marked with symbol .To change
status of a layer click on the symbol.

Make visible/invisible all layers

To make visible or invisible all layers hit Tools item and select corresponding menu item.

Changing color/line-type to a layer

To change color or linetype to a layer it’s sufficient to select it; hit Color button to enter to color
manager window; hit Linetype button to access the linetype manager window.

Managing raster images

Command

Open raster images manager window.

Data Rasters

The window allows you to manage raster images of the job.

Importing a raster image

To import a new image, hit the Import button. Select the folder and image file to load, if the image file is
followed by the Word file, the placement parameters displaying the image in the correct position and
size will be already loaded.

34 - Layer manager
Keep visible/invisible a raster image

The visible images are marked with the symbol instead the invisible images are marked with the

symbol . To change the visibility status of an image click on the symbol.

Delete a raster image

To delete a raster image, select the corresponding item from the list and press the Delete button.

Connect a raster image

If the job is moved in a different folder it can happen to lose reference to the connected raster image.
The Link button allows to restore connection to raster image through indication of the route of the file.

Object Snap
The snap commands allow you to identify precise locations on drawing objects.

Command

Snap

Type identified point

Extreme Ending point of objects such as lines and arcs.

Medium Middle point of objects such as lines and arcs.

Perpendicular Point located on the perpendicular of a line, arc and circle referring to the current
point.

Intersection Intersection among lines, arcs, circles.

Node Inserting point of a topographic point.

Center Center of an arc or circle.

Tangent Tangent point of an arc or circle referring to current point.

Enabling and disabling object snaps

To enable or disable an object snap press the Snap button and then select the corresponding item.

How to use object snaps

When using a CAD command is requested to indicate a point, click on the considered drawing object a
nearby the considered point; it will be shown a symbol on the identified position. The symbol represent
the type of snap used to identify the position.

CAD - 35
 If the option Snap confirmation is enabled, the software waits for confirmation of position through a
click on the symbol.

Snap on topographic points

Definition of coordinates of a topographic point can be obtained using NODE snap or typing, when
position of the point is requested, the name of the same topographic point.

Drawing functions
The drawing commands allow adding new objects to the drawing.

Command

Drawing

Object Description

Lines and polylines Indicate points composing the object line or polyline.

Arcs Indicate points composing arc.

Circles Indicate the center of the circle and set value of the radius or indicate
passing through point.

Circles by 3 points Indicate 3 points composing the circle.

Text Indicate inserting point and the type the text and set dimension, angle
and direction.

Parcel Enter the name and properties of the parcel; then indicate vertexes of
the parcel. To close the parcel indicate again first vertex.
Vertexes of the parcel must be topographic points.

Topographic point Indicate inserting position and then parameters as name, code,
description etc.

For a precision drawing use object snaps or type the name of the point from which a line vertex must
start or end.

Editing and new points creation functions (COGO)

The editing commands allow you to make changes to the drawing and to create new objects starting
from existing objects.

36 - Drawing functions
 Command

Edit

Deleting objects
The command Delete allows to delete selected objects. Select single objects or trace a selection
window.

Offset
Offset command allows creating a new object, parallel to the existing object at a preset distance.

Request Description

Select object Select desired object

Point or value Indicate the passing through point or the offset distance

Select solution The software proposes two possible solutions; select desired one.

Number of iterations Numbers of consecutive offset operations to execute.

Distance intersection
The command Int.2Dist calculates position of a new topographic point located at a certain distance from
two reference points.

Request Description

First point Indicate first reference point

First distance Indicate distance between point to calculate and reference point

Second point Indicate second reference point

Second distance Indicate distance between point to calculate and reference point

Select solution The software proposes two possible solutions; select desired one.

Set name of the point and its parameters.

Intersection
The command Int.4Pnt calculates position of a new topographic point on the intersection point of two
lines.

Request Description

First point Indicate first point of first line

CAD - 37
 Second point Indicate second point of first line

Third point Indicate first point of second line

Fourth point Indicate second point of second line

Insert point Confirm to insert point

Set name of the point and its parameters

Distance and offset

The command Dst. Offset calculates position of a new topographic point referred to a reference point.

Request Description

Select object Select reference object from which calculate the point position

Distance Distance along the reference object

Offset Distance from the reference object

Select solution The software proposes two possible solutions; select desired one

Set name of the point and its parameters.

Divide
Divide command creates topographic points along a reference object subdividing it in a defined number
of parts.

Request Description

Select object Select reference object along which create topographic points

Number of parts Number of parts on which divide the object

First point name Name of the first topographic point to create

Measure
The command Measure creates topographic points along a reference object at a constant distance.

Request Description

Select object Select the reference object along which to create topographic points

Distance of insertion among points; setting a length value of 0 they will

Segment length
be inserted only corresponding to vertexes of the polyline

First point name Name of the first topographic point to create

Information commands
Information commands allow to obtain different information from drawing and from present objects.

38 - Information commands
 Command

Info

ID – Coordinates of a point
The command ID gives information about indicated position.

Request Description

Indicate position; if position corresponds to a topographic point a

Indicate point window will appear allowing to view and edit the point’s data;
otherwise coordinates of the indicated position are shown.

Distance between two points

The command Dist.ce gives information about distance between two points.

Request Description

First point Indicate first reference point

Second point Indicate second reference point

The software shows distance between selected points and other

information as azimuth, slope etc.

Distance point-object
The command Dist.Obj gives information about distance between a point and an object.

Request Description

Reference point Indicate reference point

Select object Indicate the object in reference with to calculate distance.

Software shows:
- distance of the point referring to the object
- the chain distance where is the projection of the point
Button Create Pt. allows to create a point on the projection of the point
on the object.

Angle
The command Angle gives information about angle among three points.

CAD - 39
 Request Description

Center angle Indicate the center of the angle

First point Indicate first point

Second point Indicate second point

The software shows angle contained and complementary angle.

Area
The command Area gives the area of the polygon identified by some points.

Request Description

First point Indicate first point of the sequence

Next point Indicate next point of the sequence

The software shows area, perimeter and barycenter of the polygon.

List
The command List gives general information about selected object.
Request Description

Select object Indicate object

Find topographic point

The command Find brings up in the graphic window a topographic point.
Request Description

Name of the point Name of the topographic point to find

Contextual toolbar – Points

Selecting a topographic point without having any active command it will appear the following toolbar
with contextual commands for the selected points.

Command

Executes stakeout procedure on selected point. For further information go to

Stakeout
chapter Stakeout.

ID Enters the window allowing to view and to edit point’s data.

Allows to calculate distance from selected point to another point to indicate in

Dist.
the graphic window

Allows to calculate distance from selected point to a drawing object to

DistObj
indicate on the graphic window

40 - Contextual toolbar – Points

 Delete Deletes selected point

To restore main toolbar is sufficient de-select point touching another part of the graphic window.

Contextual toolbar – CAD objects

Selecting a drawing object without having any active command it will appear the following toolbar with
contextual commands for the selected object.

Command

Stakeout Executes stakeout procedure on selected object

List Gives information about selected object

Delete Deletes selected point

To restore main toolbar is sufficient de-select point touching another part of the graphic window.

CAD - 41
Survey points, measures and codes manager
This series of commands allows to access to numeric data present in the job; it’s possible to access to
topographic points table, to field measures and to survey codes managing.

Topographic points
Topographic points are all those positions having a name and some further features; they can come
from direct measuring, from manual inserting or from importing from external files.

Table reports a list of all topographic points present in the job; the points are listed according to
inserting order so in the first place there is the last point inserted. It’s visualized an icon specifying the
origin of the point, its name, code and coordinates.
Selecting a point some buttons appear allowing to do particular actions on it.

Creating a new point

Hit New button to create a new point. First step of the guided procedure allows to define following
parameters:

Name and coordinates

Point Name of the point

Allows to switch plane coordinates or geographic coordinates of the point

NEZ Plane coordinates of the point

Latitude/Longitude/
Geographic coordinates of the point
Height

Hit Next to move to next step.

Code and properties

Survey code of the point; the button allows entering the library of codes and
Code
selecting one from the list

Description Extent description of the point

Hit Next to move to next step allowing to insert a sketch associated to the point. To associate sketches
to points you need module.
Hit End to complete data saving.

Editing a point
Hit Modify button to enter the window allowing to edit selected point data. The content of the window
is the same of what just seen for creation of a new point.

42 - Topographic points
Viewing point on CAD
Hit Open CAD button to open graphic window reporting on top the selected point.

Stakeout of a point
Hit Stakeout button to execute stakeout of the selected point. For further information see chapter
Stakeout of points.

Deleting a point
Hit Delete button to delete the selected point.

Deleting a group of points

Hit Tools button and then Delete points.

Command Description

Click on symbols to select and de-select points to delete

Select all Select all points of the table

Delete Deletes selected points

Cancel Returns to standard functioning mode of the table

Changing view of point data

In the table it’s possible to view plane or geographic coordinates of the point; to change view hit Tools
button and then View LLH to view geographic coordinates and View NEZ to view plane coordinates.

Finding a point
Hit Tools button and then Find Point; indicate name of the point to find; if the point is found it’s brought
on top in the table and selected.

Managing sketches associated to points

In all procedures allowing to create a new point you can associate a sketch. To draw use the pencil
inside corresponding area.
The other available commands are the following:

Command Description

Delete Deletes sketch

Undo Cancels last drawing operation

Redo Restores last drawing operation previously cancelled

When points are exported in AutoCAD DXF format, also images corresponding to sketches are exported
and connection with points is maintained; inside AutoCAD pressing button CTRL in correspondence of
the point the associated sketch will be seen.

Survey points, measures and codes manager - 43

 Field book
Field book reports the chronological list of all measures done on the field. Measures are listed according
to their acquisition order so at first place you find the last measure recorded. You find an icon specifying
the kind of measure, the origin of the point, the name of the point recorded, code, description and
other information.

Selecting a measure some buttons appear allowing to execute particular operations on it.

Adding a note
Hit Note button to add a descriptive note in the field book; it can be text or a sketch.
First page allows to insert description; hit Next to move to next page and draw a sketch. To add a sketch
you need module.
Hit End to save note.

Editing a measure
Hit Modify button to enter the window allowing to edit some data of the measure. You can edit only
some of the data reported in the different pages although they are reported all.

Value Description

Antenna height Height of the antenna

Code Code of the point

Description Extent description of the point

Sketch Sketch associated to the point

Hit End to save modifications done. Changing of the antenna height will determinate a new calculation
of the elevation of corresponding topographic point.

Deleting a measure
Hit Delete button to delete selected measure.

Deleting a group of measures

Hit Tools button and then Delete measures button.

Command Description

Click on symbols to select and de-select measures to delete.

Select all Select all measures from the table

Delete Delete selected measures

Cancel Returns to standard functioning mode of the table

44 - Field book
Find a measure
Hit Tools button and then Find Measure; indicate name of the measure to find; if the measure is found
it’s brought on top in the table and selected.

Reference points
Table of Reference points allows to manage all topographic points of known coordinates that can be
therefore used in several situations as reference points and check points.

Functioning of the table is the same as Topographic points table.

Survey codes
Survey codes allow identifying with precision every point and to make automatic many graphic
restitution operations and completion operations of the survey drawing. To the code you can associate
not only an extent description but also a symbol and a layer; making this the points, basing on their
associated code, are represented with a particular symbol and on a particular layer.
It’s possible creating different libraries of codes and using them in the different jobs; in every moment
you can change current library with another one.

The Survey codes table reports the list of the survey codes of the current library. For every code, apart
from its value, it’s reported the symbol and the extent description.

Note. Codes libraries are saved in distinct files inside Codes folder of the software; files have XML
extension.

Creating a new code

Hit New button to create a new code. First step of the guided procedure allows to define following
parameters:

Name and coordinates

Code Code

Description Extent description

Layer Layer associated to the point; click on the field to enter the list of layers

Type Type of code; not used

Hit Next to move to the next step where is requested to select the symbol associated to the point.
Hit End to save data of the code.

Survey points, measures and codes manager - 45

 Editing a code
Hit Modify button to enter the window allowing editing data of the selected code. The content of the
window is the same as what still seen for creating a new code.

Deleting a code
Hit Delete button to delete selected code.

Deleting a group of codes

Hit Tools button and then Delete codes item.

Command Description

Click on symbols to select and de-select codes to delete

Select all Select all codes from the table

Delete Delete selected codes

Cancel Returns to standard functioning mode of the table

Creating a new library

Hit Tools button and then New library item; assign a name to the new library to be created. The table
present itself as empty and ready to insert new codes.

Loading an existing library

Hit Tools button and then Load library item; select option Library XPAD and then select file
corresponding to the library to load.

Importing a list of codes from ASCII files

Hit Tools button and then Load library item; select option Text file (ASCII) and then select file
corresponding to the text file to load.
Importing options are the following:

Parameters

Data Codes

The software proposes the importing schemes for actually available

Scheme codes; select a scheme or select * Customized * to proceed in creating
your own scheme.

Separator Character separating content of different fields.

Number of rows composing the heading of the file and that won’t be
Heading rows
therefore imported.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

A table reports the list of field that can be imported; if you selected the * Customized * scheme it’s
possible to change the importation order of a filed using buttons Move up and Move down.
Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure; a preview of importing result is shown. Hit Next.

46 - Survey codes
 Save scheme

If you selected the * Customized * scheme it’s possible to save settings

Save scheme
of a scheme.

Name scheme Name of the scheme to create.

Hit Import to launch importation.

Note. Importation/exportation schemes are saved on files having PSC extension in folder Schemes of
the software.

Exporting current library

Hit Tools button and then Save a library copy item; assign a name to save current library.

Survey points, measures and codes manager - 47

Coordinate systems
Coordinate system allows calculating plane coordinate of all points measured with GPS instrument. In
the absence of a coordinate system only the geographic coordinate of the points are recorded but you
can’t see them on the graphic window.

The coordinate system is composed by the methods to use to calculate coordinate and elevation.

Coordinate system – Planimetric

Following options are available:

Systems Description

No system No coordinate system is adopted

It’s created a system based on a local projection referred to an origin

Local – Single point
point.

It’s created a local system based on using couples of points for which are
Local – Multi points known both geographic coordinate both corresponding plane local
coordinate.

Passing from geographic coordinate to plane coordinate happens by

Cartographic system using a transformation datum and by application of a cartographic
projection.

Local system – Single point

Select option Local – Single point and hit Next button.
Specify coordinate of the reference point of the system; if it’s still present a point having the desired
coordinate you can call it typing the name, selecting it from the graphic or from the tables. It’s possible
to acquire current position hitting Measure Here button; it will be opened a window allowing to define
the antenna height and to acquire current position.
Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.
Specify local coordinate corresponding to reference point; if it’s still present a point having the desired
coordinate you can call it typing the name, selecting it from the graphic or from the tables.

Local system – Multi points

Select option Local – Multi points and hit Next button.
Table reports the couples of points to use for calculation of the local system. For every couple it’s
possible to decide if using data for planimetric transformation calculation and for altimetric
transformation calculation; basing on available information the software will choose automatically the
method to use in calculation of plane coordinate.
For every couple are also reported the calculated deviation regarding coordinate and elevations.

48 - Coordinate system – Planimetric

Hit New to add a new couple of points; specify geographic coordinate of the point; if it’s still present a
point having the desired coordinate you can call it typing the name, selecting it from the graphic or from
the tables. It’s possible to acquire current position hitting Measure here button; it will be opened a
window allowing to define the antenna height and to acquire current position.
Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Specify local coordinate corresponding to reference
point; if it’s still present a point having the desired coordinate you can call it typing the name, selecting
it from the graphic or from the tables.

Cartographic system
Select option Cartographic system and hit Next button.
In defining cartographic system it’s possible to choose among one of the default systems or to define
completely your own system with all parameters

Field Description

Name Name to assign to system

Projection Cartographic projection to use

Datum to use for passing from WGS84 ellipsoid to cartographic system

ellipsoid. Click on the field to enter the window reporting the list of default
Datum
datum and user created datum.
Button New allows to create your own datum.

The cartographic system ellipsoid. Click on the field to enter the window
Ellipsoid reporting the list of default ellipsoids and user created ellipsoids.
Button New allows creating your own ellipsoid.

Button Tools allows loading a default cartographic system and saving current system to be used in other
jobs.
Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Basing on the cartographic projection selected
corresponding parameters are proposed.

Coordinate system – Elevation

About calculation of the elevation of the points following options are available:

Systems Description

WGS84 ellipsoid height The height on WGS84 ellipsoid is maintained

It’s assigned the height referred to reference ellipsoid of the

Reference ellipsoid height
cartographic system (only if a cartographic system has been set)

It’s calculated the elevation basing on data of the local system

Elevation local system
(only if a local system has been set)

Geoid Elevation is interpolated by a geoid model

Coordinate systems - 49
 Exporting current coordinate system
Parameters and settings of a coordinate system can be saved in an external file to be used in other jobs
related to the same zone.
Hit Tools button and select Save current system; type the name to assign to the file and the folder to
save.

Note. Files containing coordinate systems have PCS extension.

Loading a coordinate system

Hit Tools button and select Load system item. Select file to load.

Report of current coordinate system

Hit Tools button and select Report item ; type the name to assign to the file of the report and the folder
to save.
It will be created a file for Microsoft Excel (CSV format) containing detailed information about currently
used coordinate system.

50 - Exporting current coordinate system

Starting a GPS base
Starting a GPS base is a main operation and it’s the first thing to do when you work with a couple of
receivers; first receiver (base) will remain in a fixed position on the ground and send corrections via
radio to the second one (rover) which is free to move on the ground, according to radio range, and
acquire or stakeout positions.

Note. Commands allowing to start a base are available only when it has been set a GPS instrument
profile in BASE mode.

If current profile is related to a GPS receiver defined as a BASE the software presents only two menu:
Job menu allowing to manage current job data and Start base menu to make operative the BASE
receiver in the desired modes.

Starting a base on a known position

Command allowing to assign to the base a known WGS94 geographic position.

Assign the name corresponding to position of the base, code and antenna height. If the point hasn’t
been inserted yet, it will be created by the procedure basing on data that will be set in next steps.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

If a still existing point is selected its corresponding geographic and local coordinate are shown, but it’s
not possible to modify them; if instead the point hasn’t been created yet it’s possible to set WGS84
geographic coordinate of the base; if it has been set a coordinate system it’s possible to assign
coordinate to the base specifying its local coordinate; local coordinate are automatically transformed in
geographic coordinate.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Local system

This option allows creating, at the same time of programming the

base, a local coordinate system on 1 point having the base as
Create local system on the base reference point.
If the option is activated it’s possible to specify local coordinate
corresponding to the position of the base.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Base setting

Hit button to execute a complete programming of the base and to

Start base
start functioning.

Starting a GPS base - 51

 In this phase receiver acquires current position and check that there isn’t a deviation over five seconds
between inserted position and current position.
At the end of configuration procedure the base is operative and it’s possible to connect the controller to
the rover receiver.

Starting a base on current position

Command allowing to assign to the base the current approximated position.

Assign the name to be referred to the base, code and antenna height. The point, corresponding to
position of the base will be created by the procedure basing on data that will be set in next steps.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Hit Measure here to acquire current position. Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Local system

This option allows creating, at the same time of programming the

base, a local coordinate system on 1 point having the base as
Create local system on the base reference point.
If the option is activated it’s possible to specify local coordinate
corresponding to the position of the base.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Base setting

Hit button to execute a complete programming of the base and to

Start base
start functioning.

At the end of configuration procedure the base is operative and it’s possible to connect the controller to
the rover receiver.

Starting a base with previous settings

Command allowing to repeat programming of the base using previous programming data. Guided
procedure shows coordinate that will be assigned to the base and then proceeds to configuration.

52 - Starting a base on current position

GPS Survey of points
This chapter illustrates commands allowing to measure points with GPS instruments; several operative
modes are treated.

Note. Commands to measure points are available when a GPS instrument profile has been set in
ROVER mode.

Points surveying
Procedure allowing to measure and record points position, even in situations where point to be
measured it’s not directly measurable with receiver.

Window shows in the upper part a panel reporting all main information about receiver.

Receiver status

Indicates precision level reached;

indicates maximum precision reached
indicates that maximum precision hasn’t been reached yet

Current precision for coordinate (H) and elevation (V)

Traffic light, or , indicates if precision level previously set in

survey parameters has been reached; epochs are acquired only
when precision has been reached.
Antenna, or , indicates if receiver is receiving corrections.
Text in the lower part reports the type of quality of position: RTK
Fixed, RTK Mobile, DGPS, Autonomous.

GPS Survey of points - 53

 Number of satellites, for GPS and GLONASS constellations actually
tracing.

Note. Clicking on the panel you enter the window of GPS status.

In the center part the window shows, according to type of setting, the graphic view indicating current
position or numeric values of current position.

Note. Making double click in the graphic part you enter main CAD window.

Data requested for point recording are the following:

Field

Point Name of next point to measure

Code Code to assign to next point to measure

Antenna height
Receiver antenna height

In the lower part a tool bar allows to enter a menu of advanced functions and point measuring
commands.

Quick point measuring

Command

Measuring of current position and direct saving of the point.

Measure-Save

Allows to stop measuring.

Stop

The command starts to acquire position for a number of epochs previously set in surveying parameters.
Epochs are acquired if conditions set in Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the software remains
waiting until a manual stop or till when conditions are satisfied.
Reaching the preset number of epochs the point is recorded. The name of next point is automatically
proposed.

Note. You can stop measuring, when preset conditions are not satisfied, and proceed however to
record point.

Note. For further information about Accuracy check see Accuracy check in this chapter.

Points measuring

Command

54 - Points surveying
 Measuring of current position.
Measure

Allows to stop measuring.

Stop

The command begins acquisition of position for the number of epochs preset in surveying parameters.
Epochs are acquired if conditions set in Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the software remains
waiting until a manual stop or till when conditions are satisfied.

Note. You can stop measuring, when preset conditions are not satisfied, and proceed however to
record point.

Note. For further information about Accuracy check see Accuracy check in this chapter.

When reached the preset number of epochs the command proceeds requesting confirmation of the
following data:

Field

Point Name of the point to record

Antenna height Antenna height at the moment of point acquisition

Code Code associated to point

Description Extent description of the point

Sketch Activates sketch associated to the point

Hit Next to proceed and complete measuring. Next window shows a resume of all data of the
measuring.
Hit Save to proceed in recording of the point. The name of next point is automatically proposed.

Hidden points
Hidden points are positions where receiver can’t acquire precise coordinate due to poor visibility of
satellites. To acquire however position the software uses some artifices integrating, to GPS position,
measuring of distances and slopes.

Measuring hidden points by intersection of two distances

Hidden points – intersection of two distances

Calculates position of a point basing on two distances

between two reference points.
Tools Hidden Dist-Dist

GPS Survey of points - 55

 A guided procedure allows to define two reference points, distances and to select desired solution. Data
relative to first reference point are requested.

First point (A)

Select mode to define first reference point:

Reference point (A) To measure: reference point has not been yet measured.
Point already measured: reference point has been still measured.

Measure A Allows to measure reference point.

Allows to choose reference point typing its name or selecting it on the

Point A
graphic window or on the table.

Distance from A Distance of the point to measure from the reference point.

Height difference from A Height difference of the point to measure from the reference point.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Second point (B)

Select mode to define second reference point:

Reference point (B) To measure: reference point has not been yet measured.
Point already measured: reference point has been still measured.

Measure B Allows to measure reference point.

Allows to choose reference point typing its name or selecting it on the

Point B
graphic window or on the table.

Distance from B Distance of the point to measure from the reference point.

Height difference from B Height difference of the point to measure from the reference point.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Calculation is executed and in the graphic window are
shown the reference points and the two possible solutions. Select desired solution clicking on the semi-
plane containing solution 1 or solution 2. Solution selected that will be used is represented in red color.

Note. When selecting solution we recommend to move receiver toward the point to measure; position
of the receiver is shown on the graphic window helping so to understand which one of the two
solutions is the desired one.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Data of the measured point by intersection of two
distances are requested:

56 - Points surveying
 Point

Point Name of the measured point

Code Code to assign to measured point

Description Description to assign to the measured point

Sketch Sketch to assign to the point. To associate a sketch you need

module.

Hit End to complete procedure and record the point. When ended registration it’s possible to decide if
continue to measure other hidden points or to come back to main measuring window.

Measuring hidden points by distance and offset

Hidden points – Distance and offset

Calculates position of a point referring to an alignment

defined by two reference points.
Tools Hidden Dist.Offset

A guided procedure allows to define two reference points, distance and position referring to alignment
and to check desired solution. Data referring to reference points are requested.

Reference points

Select mode to define second reference point:

Reference point (A) To measure: reference point has not been yet measured.
Point already measured: reference point has been still measured.

Measure A Allows to measure reference point.

Allows to choose reference point typing its name or selecting it on the

Point A
graphic window or on the table.

Select mode to define second reference point:

Reference point (B) To measure: reference point has not been yet measured.
Point already measured: reference point has been still measured.

Measure B Allows to measure reference point.

Allows to choose reference point typing its name or selecting it on the

Point B
graphic window or on the table.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Distance & Offset

Reference distance along the alignment can be referred to starting

Reference
point (A) or ending point (B).

Distance along the alignment, and referred to point A or B, of the

Distance from B
projection of the point to measure.

GPS Survey of points - 57

 Distance of the point to measure in reference with defined alignment;
Offset position of the point referring to alignment (left or right) is decided
after in the graphic window.

Height difference of the point to measure referring to reference point A

Height difference
or B.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. It’s executed the calculation and are shown in the
graphic window the two reference points and the two possible solutions: to the right or to the left
referring to the alignment. Select desired solution clicking on the semi-plane containing solution 1 or
solution 2. Solution selected that will be used is represented in red color.

Note. When selecting solution we recommend to move receiver toward the point to measure; position
of the receiver is shown on the graphic window helping so to understand which one of the two
solutions is the desired one.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. Data of the measured point by intersection of alignment
and offset are requested:

Point

Point Name of the measured point

Code Code to assign to measured point

Description Description to assign to the measured point

Sketch Sketch to assign to the point. To associate a sketch you need

module.

Hit End to complete procedure and record the point. When ended registration it’s possible to decide if
continue to measure other hidden points or to come back to main measuring window.

Accuracy check
Surveying settings allow to define parameters to use during points measuring.

Setup

Enter the window of settings of surveying and stakeout settings.

Tools Setup

GPS survey – Accuracy check

Epochs Number of epochs to acquire for every measure

58 - Points surveying
 Activates accuracy check; the epoch is accepted if it satisfy the preset
Accuracy check
precision conditions.

Horizontal Maximum horizontal precision to accept the measure.

Vertical Maximum vertical precision (elevation) to accept the measure.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure; other settings concerning the automatic surveying of
points and stakeout are proposed. Go on till last page and hit End to save modifications done.

Inserting a note
During surveying it’s possible to add in the field book some notes and sketches that can be helpful when
working on acquired data in the office.

Setup

Enter the window allowing to insert a new note.

Tools Note

Field note

Date/Time Date and time of the note

Description Description note

Sketch Activates the possibility to add a sketch to the point.

To associate a sketch you need module. Hit End to complete procedure and record the
note.

Field book
During surveying it can be helpful to enter in the field book to check data and sometime to correct
wrong data about antenna height, code and description.

Field book

Enter the window of the field book.

Tools Measures

For further information about the field book please refer to Field Book chapter.

Editing view
Points measuring window has two view mode of data: one showing current position on a graphic
window or another analytic view showing numeric values of latitude, longitude, height and plane
coordinates.

GPS Survey of points - 59

 Field book

Activates numeric view.

Text mode

Activates graphic view

CAD

Automatic surveying of points

Automatic surveying allows to acquire automatically the positions of the points basing on elapsed
distance or elapsed time rules.

Before starting to acquire points it’s possible to set functioning parameters and rules.

Auto survey

Mode to use for automatic survey of points:

- Time: position is acquire at preset intervals of time
- 2D distance: position is acquired at preset intervals of horizontal
distance
Mode
- 3D distance: position is acquired at preset intervals of 3D distance
- Stop & Go: position is acquired in stop & go mode; when the
antenna remains in still position the software begins to acquire
position.

GPS – Auto survey – Time mode

Measure every (sec) Set the interval of time between every automatic acquisition of position

GPS – Auto survey – 2D Distance

Set the interval of horizontal distance that must be between position to

Measure every
acquire and previously acquired position.

GPS – Auto survey – 3D Distance

Set the interval of 3D distance that must be between position to acquire and
Measure every
previously acquired position.

GPS – Auto survey – Stop & Go

Stop time (sec) Defines the time spent on the point to allow the acquisition of the position.

60 - Automatic surveying of points

 Maximum movement allowed to consider the antenna still; when the
Max. movement software recognize that the antenna remains almost still with a movement
antenna less than maximum value, it begins acquisition of position for the preset stop
time.

Hit Next to progress with the window of acquisition of the points.

Note. The window functions in the same way of the simple surveying window. For further information
please refer to previous chapter Survey of points.

Startup of the automatic measuring

Command

Starts automatic measuring of points. The point number is automatically

increased at every recorded point.
Start Auto

Allows stopping measuring.

Stop

Position is acquired if conditions set in Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the software remains
waiting until a manual stop or till when conditions are satisfied.
The command recognizes automatically when condition for recording is reached evaluating time elapsed
or the distance elapsed; when reaching condition of recording the point is recorded.

Surveying with recording of data for Post-Processing

When you have available your own base antenna and it’s not possible to connect to a network of
permanent stations, it’s possible to exploit a feature present in many receivers allowing to record all
data in surveying session in a proprietary format file or in standard formats file as RINEX. These data can
be used in post-processing elaborations in the office to obtain precise coordinates.

To activate this mode, it’s necessary to define an instrument profile in which it has been activated the
option Record data for post-processing, for more information, refer to Instrument setup chapter.

When using a profile with the option Record data for post-processing activated it’s possible to use
commands Survey points and Auto-survey points, illustrated in previous paragraphs, in the traditional
way but having in parallel the recording of “raw” data by the receiver. In this file created by the receiver
will be present the point with all the kinematic chain.
The file created by the receiver, at the end of the survey, has to be transferred for a post-processing
with a dedicated software which will provide the adjusted coordinates.

When starting command it appears a window allowing to define some parameters necessary to execute
recording of data of the session by the receiver. Such requests are different according to the model of
the receiver.

GPS Survey of points - 61

 GeoMax Zenith 10/20 GNSS

Survey – Post-Processing

Log frequency Frequency with which to record data for post-processing.

Number of measures Number of epochs to acquire for every point.

With the Zenith 10/20 receiver it’s possible only to record data for post-processing and so of the entire
kinematic chain without information related to measured points.

Hit Next to progress in the window of acquisition of the points.

Functioning of the window is the one explained in the two previous chapters, Survey points and Auto-
survey points.

Static survey
This command allows to record static data of the position of the receiver for a further elaboration with
post-processing software allowing to determinate precise coordinates.

When starting the command it appears a window allowing to define some parameters necessary to
execute recording of data of the session by the receiver. Such requests are different according to the
model of the receiver.

GeoMax Zenith 10/20 GNSS

Survey – Post-Processing

Prefix to assign to the log file that will contain data of the occupation. It’s
created a file for every point; the name of the file comes from the
composition of the prefix and of the name of the point.
Log file prefix The log files are recorded inside the receiver and have to be therefore
transferred in to the PC with the specific cable.
The files have to be then transformed in RINEX files using the specific
STH2RINEX application.

Log frequency Frequency with which to record data for post-processing.

Occupation time of the point; it’s possible to set a default time or to

Occ. time choose the Manual option. In this case the stop of the occupation of the
point has to be made by the user.

Hit Next to proceed and go to the window of static measuring of points. Functioning of the window is
the one explained in the two previous chapters, Survey points and Auto-survey points.

Starting occupation

Command

62 - Static survey
 Starts static measuring of the position. Receiver begins data recording inside
the controller or in its internal memory.
Start occupation

Allows to stop measuring.

Stop Occupation
If it has been defined the time of occupation it will be shown a counter of the time remaining to
completion of the procedure; otherwise it’s shown a counter of the time elapsed from the beginning of
the occupation.
At the end of the occupation or after a stop the command asks a confirmation of the following data:

Field

Point Name of the point to record

Antenna height Height of the antenna at the moment of the acquisition of the point.

Code Code associated to the point

Description Extent description associated to the point

Sketch Activates the possibility to associate a sketch to the point.

Hit Next to proceed and complete measuring. The next window shows a summary of all data of the
measuring.
Hit Save to proceed in recording of the point.
The name of the next point is automatically proposed.

GPS Survey of points - 63

Stakeout with GPS
Stakeout procedures allow to provide to the operator the information in graphic, numeric and vocal
format, to reach a point, an element or in general a particular position. A wide range of options and
operative modes are available.
Before proceeding with stakeout it’s necessary to define with precision the coordinates system of the
job in order to guarantee the correct matching between surveyed positions and positions to stakeout.
If no coordinates system is set you can perform only stakeout of positions defined in WGS84
coordinates.

Note. Commands to measure points are available when a GPS instrument profile has been set in
ROVER mode.

Stakeout information
Information provided by the software during stakeout of a position are quite common and similar in all
modes; whether you are doing stakeout of a point, of an element or of a position by offset, the software
provides indications to reach position to stakeout using a common scheme.

Receiver information
The main stakeout window shows, in the upper part, a panel reporting all main information concerning
receiver.

Receiver status

Indicates precision level reached;

indicates maximum precision reached
indicates that maximum precision hasn’t been reached yet

Current precision for coordinate (H) and elevation (V)

Traffic light, or , indicates if precision level previously set in

survey parameters has been reached; epochs are acquired only
when precision has been reached.
Antenna, or , indicates if receiver is receiving corrections.
Text in the lower part reports the type of quality of position: RTK
Fixed, RTK Mobile, DGPS, Autonomous.

Number of satellites, for GPS and GLONASS constellations actually

tracing.

Note. Clicking on the panel you enter the window of GPS status.

Stakeout information
The main part of the central panel presents itself in different ways depending on settings and on view
modes.

64 - Stakeout information
 Stakeout information

This panel shows a compass indicating, with respect to the

current direction, the direction of the position to reach. In
the lower part is reported the distance of the point
This view mode is when you are at more than a meter
distance from the position to reach.
The arrow of the compass is red when receiver hasn’t
reached yet the precision check preset.

When distance from the position to reach is less than one

meter it appears this view mode. Indications provided and
position indicated are referred to position of the North or
to position of the Sun.

When you are quite near the position to reach four traffic
lights appear on the corners and they become green when
you reach, inside tolerance values, requested position.

Graphic visualization of the current position and of the

position to reach.

On the right side a panel reports numeric indications to

reach position. Indications are referred to the North or to
the Sun.
First value is referred to distance Forward-Backward.
Second value is referred to distance Right-Left.
Third value specifies the elevation difference.

Stakeout tolerance
Reaching of position happens when the distance between current position and the position to reach is
less or the same as Stakeout Tolerance. Stakeout tolerance is set in the Survey and Stakeout
parameters. From every stakeout procedure it’s possible to enter in the stakeout parameters and to
check tolerance value.

Information referring to North or to Sun

The information provided in the panel on the right are referred to the North or to the Sun. To read
properly the distance values it’s necessary therefore turning toward the North or toward the Sun .

Buttons allow to change the reference element.

Stakeout with GPS - 65

 Graphic and analytic view

To move from analytic to graphic view use buttons . Another way is to double click on the
graphic window and on the window containing numeric values.

Vocal information
The software guides the user with vocal information allowing, most of all when you are far from the
point, to arrive near the point without having to look always on the controller.
A tone tells when is reached, inside preset tolerance limits, the desired position.

To enable and disable vocal information use buttons .

How to interpret information provided

After having defined the position to reach we suggest to follow the following two rules to reach position
in the most speedy and effective way.

1. When you are far from the point follow vocal indications even without looking always on the
controller display; it’s sufficient to listen what the software indicated about arriving directly near
the position to reach.

2. Once you are arrived near the position, at a distance less than one meter, turn with the controller
toward the North or toward the Sun, depending on the type of reference you chose. Move the
antenna following indications present on the right side panel. A tone tells you when you reach
position.

Common operations in stakeout

All stakeout operations have common operations and functions that are reported below.

Measuring the point

After having reached the stakeout position it’s possible to record the point.

Point measuring

Starts measuring of stakeout point.

Measure

Allows to stop measuring.

Stop

The command starts acquisition of the position for the number of epochs preset in surveying
parameters. Epochs are acquired if conditions set in Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the
software remains waiting until a manual stop or till when conditions are satisfied.

Note. For further information about Accuracy check see Accuracy check and Stakeout parameters in
this chapter.

66 - Common operations in stakeout

When reached the preset number of epochs the command proceeds showing some stakeout data: Hit
Next to proceed and complete measuring with definition of data of the point to record.

Field

Point Name of the point to record

Code Code associated to the point

Description Extent description associated to the point

Sketch Activates the possibility to associate a sketch to the point.

Hit End to proceed in recording of the point. Stakeout data are recorded and it’s possible to read them
and export them from Stakeout report window.
The next point to stake is automatically proposed by the software.

Accuracy check and stakeout parameters

Survey and stakeout settings allow to define parameters to use during measuring and stakeout of the
points.

Setup

Enter the window of settings of surveying and stakeout settings.

Tools Setup

GPS stakeout – Accuracy check

Epochs Number of epochs to acquire for every measure

Activates accuracy check; the epoch is accepted if it satisfy the preset

Accuracy check
precision conditions.

Horizontal Maximum horizontal precision to accept the measure.

Vertical Maximum vertical precision (elevation) to accept the measure.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure; other settings concerning the automatic surveying of
points and stakeout are proposed. Hit Next .

Stakeout - Parameters

Maximum distance between current position and position to reach to

consider being on the stakeout position; if the distance between current
Tolerance
position and the position to reach is less or the same than tolerance value,
the software indicates that you have reached the stakeout position.

Maximum difference between current slope and design slope; if the slope
Tolerance slope difference between current slope and design slope is less or the same as
tolerance, the software highlights achieving of stakeout slope.

Vocal info Enables vocal information

Stakeout with GPS - 67

 Defines reference to which are provided information to reach stakeout
position. References can be:
- North: information are provided with respect to the North; turn
Reference
controller toward the North and follow indications.
- Sun: information are provided with respect to the Sun; turn
controller toward the Sun and follow indications.

Enables viewing drawing information in the graphic window during stakeout

Complete drawing
operations.

Hit End to save modifications done.

Inserting a note
During stakeout it’s possible to add in the field book some notes and sketches that can be helpful when
working on acquired data in the office.

Setup

Enter the window allowing to insert a new note.

Tools Note

Field note

Date/Time Date and time of the note

Description Description note

Sketch Activates the possibility to add a sketch to the point.

To associate a sketch you need module. Hit End to complete procedure and record the
note.

Stakeout of points
The stakeout of points procedure allows the operator to define, in different modes, the position to
reach and to be guided by the software on the position to reach in the fastest way possible.

68 - Stakeout of points
 Stakeout of points

Allows to choose the mode to define position to stake. Possible

operations are:
Topographic point: choose topographic point to stake; the point can be
chosen typing the name or selecting it from the points table or from the
graphic window.
Type
Coordinates ENZ: manual definition of coordinates East, North and
Elevation to stake. Coordinates can be selected from the CAD drawing.
Coordinates WGS84: manual definition of the WGS84 coordinates to
stake.
List of points: allows to create a list of topographic points to stake.

Antenna height Height of the receiver antenna.

Stakeout of topographic points

Topographic point

Topographic point to stake; the point can be chosen typing the name or
Point selecting it from the points table or from the graphic window.

Stakeout of coordinates ENZ

Coordinates ENZ

E/N/Z Coordinates of the position to stake.

Hit Select to define coordinates by selecting on the drawing of the

Select
graphic window.

Stakeout of WGS84 coordinates

Coordinates WGS84

Latitude, Longitude,
Geographic coordinates of the position to stake.
Height

Stakeout of a list of points

Hit Next to proceed in defining the list of points to stake. It appears a window in which the button Tools
allows to execute main operations.

Tools

Load all points Loads in the list all the topographic points present in the job.

Select from table Allows to select from the table topographic points to add to the list.

Allows to select from the graphic window topographic points to add to

Select from CAD
the list.

Load list from file Allows to load the list from a file of points previously created.

Save list to file Saves the list of points on an external file to be loaded later.

Delete list of points Deletes content of the list.

Stakeout with GPS - 69

 Selecting a point from the list you can change its position inside the list or delete it from the list. The
icon aside every point identifies if the point has been still staked.

Icon

Point of the list that has been still staked.

Point of the list not yet staked.

Hit next to proceed with stakeout procedure.

Stakeout procedure
After having defined position to stake it appears the main stakeout window.

In the upper part is reported the name of the point to stake and the current antenna height. In the
lower part a tool bar allows to enter in to a menu of advanced functions and to access to commands to
record the staked point.
For information about functioning of the window and about the meaning of the provided information
please refer to previous paragraph Stakeout information.

Stakeout of the next point

Next point to stakeout

Next.pt

It’s possible to choose the next point to stake in following modes:

Next point to stake

70 - Stakeout of points
 Next It is selected the next point, according to recording order, to current point.

Nearest It is selected the nearest point, which hasn’t been yet staked, to current point.

From CAD Manual selection of the point to stake in the graphic window.

From Table Manual selection of the point to stake from the table.

Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects
This procedure allows to position with precision along geometric elements as lines, arcs or drawing
elements.

It’s possible to define the element to stake in different modes:

Stakeout of elements

Allows to choose mode to define element to stake. Possible options are:

Line (2 points): line defined by two reference topographic points.
Arc (3 points): arc defined by three reference topographic points.
Type
Arc (2 points +R): arc defined by two topographic points and by the radius.
Drawing object: drawing element (line, polyline, arc, circle) to select in the
graphic window.

Antenna height Receiver antenna height

Hit Next to proceed with the definition of the element data to stake.

Stakeout of line by 2 points

Line by 2 points

Point 1 First point of the reference line

Point 2 Second point of the reference line

Stakeout of arc by 3 points

Arc by 3 points

Point 1 First point of the reference arc

Point 2 Second point of the reference arc

Point 3 Third point of the reference arc

Stakeout of arc by 2 points and radius

Arc by 2 points and radius

Point 1 Starting point of the reference arc

Point 2 Ending point of the reference arc

Stakeout with GPS - 71

 Radius Radius of the reference arc

Clockwise arc Direction of the reference arc

Stakeout of CAD element

It’s requested to select from the graphic window the drawing element to stake. Hit Next to proceed with
the stakeout procedure.

Stakeout procedure
After having defined the element to stake it appears the main stakeout window.

In the lower part is reported the progressive distance and the current distance referring to the element
to stake. A tool bar allows to enter in to a menu of advanced functions and to access to commands to
record the staked point
For information about functioning of the window and about the meaning of the provided information
please refer to previous paragraph Stakeout information.

Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset

This procedure allows to execute stakeout of a position calculated referring to a progressive distance
and to an offset distance on a reference element.

It’s possible to define the reference element in different modes:

72 - Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset

 Stakeout of elements

Allows to choose mode to define element to stake. Possible options are:

Line (2 points): line defined by two reference topographic points.
Arc (3 points): arc defined by three reference topographic points.
Type
Arc (2 points +R): arc defined by two topographic points and by the radius.
Drawing object: drawing element (line, polyline, arc, circle) to select in the
graphic window.

Antenna height Receiver antenna height.

Hit Next to proceed with the definition of the element data to stake.

Stakeout by offset referring to a line by 2 points

Line by 2 points

Point 1 First point of the reference line

Point 2 Second point of the reference line

Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 3 points

Arc by 3 points

Point 1 First point of the reference arc

Point 2 Second point of the reference arc

Point 3 Third point of the reference arc

Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 2 points and radius

Arc by 2 points and radius

Point 1 Starting point of the reference arc

Point 2 Ending point of the reference arc

Radius Radius of the reference arc

Clockwise arc Direction of the reference arc

Stakeout by offset referring to a CAD element

It’s requested to select from the graphic window the reference drawing element. Hit Next to proceed
with the stakeout procedure defining the progressive distance and offset values.

Offset parameters

Progressive distance, on the reference element, at which is the position to

Station
reach.

Distance along the reference element that you want to maintain between the
Interval next stakeout points. The button on the right allows to calculate the interval
dividing the length of the reference element in a defined number of parts.

Stakeout with GPS - 73

 Distance referring to reference element; the button aside allows to define if
Offset
the desired position is on the right or on the left of the reference element.

Elevation difference to apply to the calculated point; the software interpolates

Height diff. the elevation on the reference element with the defined progressive distance.
To the interpolated elevation can be added a slope.

Hit Next to start with stakeout of the calculated position.

Stakeout procedure
After having defined the reference element and the offset parameters it appears the main stakeout
window.

In the lower part is reported the progressive distance and the offset of the position. A tool bar allows to
enter in to a menu of advanced functions and to access to commands to record the staked point.
For information about functioning of the window and about the meaning of the provided information
please refer to previous paragraph Stakeout information.

Stakeout of the next point by offset

Next point to stake

Comes back to page allowing to define the progressive distance and the offset
on the stakeout element. It is proposed a progressive distance increased of the
Next pt. interval value.

Stakeout of side slopes

This function is available in Advanced module.

This procedure allows to execute calculation and stakeout of the intersection point between the design
side slope and the existing terrain; the position is calculated basing on a design slope and referring to a
progressive distance and a offset distance on a reference element.

74 - Stakeout of side slopes

The requests executed are exactly the same just seen in previous paragraph regarding stakeout by
offset. To the previous questions it has been added a last page allowing to define the design slopes in
both cut and fill conditions:

Slopes

Value of slope in cut condition (elevation of the receiver higher than the
Cut
starting elevation of the side slope)

Value of slope in fill condition (elevation of the receiver lower than the starting
Fill
elevation of the side slope).

Stakeout procedure
After having defined the reference element and the offset parameters and the slopes, it appears the
main stakeout window.

In addition to the view modes analyzed in previous paragraphs, this procedure offers a graphic view of
the transversal section in which it’s reported the drawing of the design side slopes and the current
position.

To change the view mode use buttons and .

The panel aside reports information to reach the point of intersection between the
side slope and the existing terrain; information is provided referring to the North or to
the Sun.
The last information reports the current slope value and the direction to follow, on the
perpendicular with respect to the reference element, to reach the value of the design
slope.

Stakeout with GPS - 75

 Stakeout report
All the stakeout data, both related to stakeout of points, both to stakeout of elements, are recorded in
the job. This command allows their reading and exporting in a file with CSV extension that can be
opened also with software as Microsoft Excel.

A table present the list of all the stakeout points with differences, in distances and elevations, between
the design coordinate and the stakeout coordinate.
Hit button Export to create a file, in CSV format, with all stakeout data of every point.

76 - Stakeout report
COGO
COGO commands allow, both to create new points according to different methods, both to have
information related to positions of the points as distances, angles etc., even referring to the current
position of the receiver.

Note. Measuring commands of the points are available when a GPS instrument profile has been set in
ROVER mode.

Inverse
Inverse calculates the distance, and other information, between a reference element and a base point
or between a reference element and current position. The reference element can be another point, a
line, an arc or a drawing element.

Calculation method

Specify the reference element referring to which to execute calculation

of the distance and of the other information. The reference element
can be:
- Point: distance between a base point and a reference point or
between current position and the reference point.
- Line (2 points): distance between a base point, or the current
Reference object position, and a line passing by two points
- Arc (3 points): distance between a base point, or current position,
and an arc passing by three points
- Arc (2 points+R): distance between a base point, or current
position, and an arc passing by two points with known radius
- Drawing object: distance between a base point, or current
position, and a drawing element to select in the graphic window

Activates calculation referring to current position of receiver instead of

Current position
referring to a point

Receiver antenna height; the field is shown if the option Current

Antenna height
position is enabled.

Base point in reference to which to execute calculation; the field is

Point
shown if the option Current position is disabled.

Inverse referring to a point

Calculation parameters

Reference point; it’s calculated the distance between the base point
Point 1 and the reference point or between current position and the reference
point.

Hit Calculate to execute calculation; it’s shown the distance and other values. If it has been enabled the
option Current position values are calculated in real time basing on the position of the receiver.

COGO - 77
 Inverse referring to a line by 2 points

Calculation parameters

Point 1 First point of the reference line

Point 2 Second point of the reference line

Hit Calculate to execute calculation; it’s shown the distance and other values. If it has been enabled the
option Current position values are calculated in real time basing on the position of the receiver.

Buttons

Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of

Create point
the current position, on the reference line.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the

Stakeout projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the
reference line.

Inverse referring to an arc by 3 points

Calculation parameters

Point 1 First point of the reference arc

Point 2 Second point of the reference arc

Point 3 Third point of the reference arc

Hit Calculate to execute calculation; it’s shown the distance and other values. If it has been enabled the
option Current position values are calculated in real time basing on the position of the receiver.

Buttons

Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of

Create point
the current position, on the reference arc.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the

Stakeout projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the
reference arc.

Inverse referring to an arc by 2 points and radius

Calculation parameters

Point 1 Starting point of the reference arc

Point 2 Ending point of the reference arc

Radius Radius of the reference arc

Clockwise arc Direction of the reference arc

Hit Calculate to execute calculation; it’s shown the distance and other values. If it has been enabled the
option Current position values are calculated in real time basing on the position of the receiver.

78 - Inverse
 Buttons

Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of

Create point
the current position, on the reference arc.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the

Stakeout projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the
reference arc.

Inverse referring to a CAD element

It’s requested to select from the graphic window the reference drawing element referring to which to
calculate distance from the base point or from current position.
Hit Calculate to execute calculation; it’s shown the distance and other values. If it has been enabled the
option Current position values are calculated in real time basing on the position of the receiver.

Buttons

Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of

Create point
the current position, on the reference element.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the

Stakeout projection of the base point, or of the current position, on the
reference element.

Distance & Offset

Distance & offset calculates coordinates of a point along a reference element and at a certain distance
from it.

Distance & offset

Select the reference element among following options:

- Line (2 points): line passing by 2 points
- Arc (3 points): arc passing by 3 points
Ref.ce
- Arc (2 points+R): arc passing by 2 points with known radius
- Drawing element: drawing element to select in the graphic
window

Distance & offset – Line (2 points)

Point 1 First point of the reference line

Point 2 Second point of the reference line

Distance & offset – Arc (3 points)

Point 1 First point of the reference arc

Point 2 Second point of the reference arc

Point 3 Third point of the reference arc

COGO - 79
 Distance & offset – Arc (2 points + R)

Point 1 Starting point of the reference arc

Point 2 Ending point of the reference arc

Radius Radius of the reference arc

Clockwise arc Direction of the reference arc

Distance & offset – Drawing element

Select from the graphic window the reference drawing element.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Parameters

Distance along Distance on which to position the point along the reference element

Lateral distance at which to position the point referring to the

Offset on right
reference element

Offset direction Position, right or left, of the point referring to reference element

Height diff. Height difference to apply to the interpolated elevation of the point

Hit Calculate to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the coordinates of the point and a
graphic preview of the position are shown.

Buttons

Create point Activates creation of the calculated point.

Stakeout Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

Intersection
Intersection calculates coordinates of a point on the intersection between straight lines and
circumferences definable in different ways:

80 - Intersection
 Intersection

Select the method to use for intersection calculation:

- Double distance: the intersection position is calculated basing on
the two distances referring to two reference points
- Distance and azimuth: the intersection position is calculated
basing on the distance from a reference point and along a straight
Method
line passing by the second reference point
- Double azimuth: the intersection position is calculated on the
intersection of two straight lines passing by two reference points
- 4 points: the intersection position is calculated on the intersection
of two straight lines passing by four reference points

Intersection Double distance

The intersection position is calculated basing on the two distances referring to two reference points.

Intersection – First point

Point 1 First reference point

Distance 1 Distance from first reference point

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Intersection – Second point

Point 2 Second reference point

Distance 2 Distance from second reference point

Hit Calculate to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the two possible solutions are
shown: select on the graphic window the desired solution.

Buttons

Create point Activates creation of the calculated point.

Stakeout Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

Intersection Distance and azimuth

The intersection position is calculated basing on the distance from a reference point and along a straight
line passing by the second reference point.

Intersection – First point

Point 1 First reference point

Distance 1 Distance from first reference point

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

COGO - 81
 Intersection – Second point

Point 2 Second reference point

Azimuth Azimuth of the straight line passing by the point

Offset Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the point

Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by

Offset direction
the point

Hit Calculate to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the two possible solutions are
shown: select on the graphic window the desired solution.

Buttons

Create point Activates creation of the calculated point.

Stakeout Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

Intersection double azimuth

Intersection – First point

Point 1 First reference point

Azimuth Azimuth of the straight line passing by the point

Offset Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the point

Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by

Offset direction
the point

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Intersection – Second point

Point 2 Second reference point

Azimuth Azimuth of the straight line passing by the point

Offset Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the point

Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by

Offset direction
the point

Hit Calculate to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the coordinates of the calculated
point are shown.

Buttons

Create point Activates creation of the calculated point.

Stakeout Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

82 - Intersection
Intersection 4 points

Intersection – First point

Point 1 First reference point of the first straight line

Point 2 Second reference point of the first straight line

Offset Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the two points

Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by

Offset direction
the two points

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Intersection – Second point

Point 1 First reference point of the second straight line

Point 2 Second reference point of the second straight line

Offset Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the two points

Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by

Offset direction
the two points

Hit Calculate to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the coordinates of the calculated
point are shown.

Buttons

Create point Activates creation of the calculated point.

Stakeout Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

Subdivision
The command is able to execute a subdivision of area on a surface defined by a polyline, by a parcel or
by a sequence of points. The subdivision line can be parallel or perpendicular to two reference points.

Subdivision

Select the contour defining the area to subdivide:

- Polyline/Parcel: hit Select and select from the graphic window the
Contour of area polyline or the parcel to subdivide.
- List of points: hit Select and select from the graphic window the
points delimiting the surface to subdivide.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

COGO - 83
 Subdivision – Area to divide

Specify position of the division line referring to the reference points:

- Parallel to 2 points: the division line will be parallel to reference
Method points.
- Perpendicular to 2 points: the division line will be perpendicular to
reference points.

Reference points referring to which to calculate the position of the

Point 1 and Point 2
division line.

Select, in the graphic preview, the area referring to which to calculate

Select area to subdivide
the area to subdivide.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Subdivision – Area to divide

Mode with which to define value of the area to subdivide:

Type of area - Value: value of the area to subdivide.
- % Percentage: value in percentage of the area to subdivide.

Total area Area of the defined surface.

Area (value) Value of the area to subdivide.

Area (%) Value in percentage of the area to subdivide.

Hit Results to view the position of the crossing points: select on the graphic window the crossing point
to record or to use for stakeout.

Buttons

Create point Activates creation of the calculated point.

Stakeout Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

84 - Subdivision
Data import
Import procedures allow to load points, drawings and other information from files in several format
types.

Importing from file in AutoCAD DXF format

A DXF file containing drawing information and points can be loaded in the current job.

Select DXF file to load; several different import options regarding topographic points are proposed.

Import DXF

Drawing points Activates import of drawing points (POINT entity) as topographic points.

Blocks Activates import of block reference (INSERT entity) as topographic points.

Object vertexes Activates automatic creation of topographic points on objects vertexes.

Start name Nome to assign to the first point that will be imported.

Importing from file in ASCII format

It’s possible to import a file of points in text format as topographic points or reference points. Import
parameters can be saved in a scheme which can be loaded directly in next import and export
procedures.

Select the text file to load; import options are the following:

Parameters

Select if you want to load the points as topographic points or as

Data
reference points.

The actually available import schemes are proposed; select a scheme or

Scheme
select * Customized * to create your own scheme.

Separator character Character separating content of the fields.

Number of rows composing heading of the file and which will therefore
Heading rows
not be imported.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. A table reports the list of fields that can be imported; if
it has been selected the * Customized * scheme it’s possible to change the importing order of a field
using buttons Move up and Move down.
Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure; it’s shown a preview of import result. Hit Next.

Data import - 85
 Save scheme

If it has been selected the * Customized * scheme it’s possible to save

Save scheme
settings in a scheme.

Name scheme Name of the scheme to create

Hit Import to start importing.

Note. Import/export schemes are saved in files with PSC extension in Schemes folder of the software.

Importing from files in GSI format

It’s possible to import a file of points in GSI format.

Select the GSI file to load; import options are the following:

Parameters

Select if you want to load the points as topographic points or as

Data
reference points.

Hit Import to start importing.

86 - Importing from files in GSI format

Export data
Export procedures allow to export points, drawings and other information on files in several format
types to be used on other applications.

Exporting on file in AutoCAD DXF format

The points of the job and the drawing can be exported in AutoCAD DXF format.

Assign a name to the file to create and the saving folder. Hit Save to proceed. Several different export
options are proposed.

Export DXF

Export points Activates exporting of the topographic points.

Label size Size of the texts of the labels of the topographic points.

Activates exporting of the topographic points as AutoCAD blocks with

As blocks
attributes.

Activates exporting of image files of the sketches associated to points; the

Export sketches
images of the sketches are connected to points through a hyperlink.

Export drawing Activates exporting of the drawing of the job.

Export 3D Activates exporting of data with elevation.

Hit Export to start exporting procedure.

Exporting on file in ASCII format

It’s possible to export topographic points and reference points in ASCII customizable format. Export
parameters can be saved in a scheme which can be loaded directly in next import and export
procedures.

Assign a name to the file to create and the saving folder. Hit Save to proceed.

Parameters

Data Select the type of data to export: topographic points or reference points.

The actually available export schemes are proposed; select a scheme or

Scheme
select * Customized * to create your own scheme.

Separator character Character separating content of the fields.

Export data - 87
 Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. A table reports the list of fields that can be exported; if
it has been selected the * Customized * scheme it’s possible to change the exporting order of a field
using buttons Move up and Move down.
Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure; it’s shown a preview of import result. Hit Next.

Save scheme

If it has been selected the * Customized * scheme it’s possible to save

Save schema
settings in a scheme.

Name schema Name of the scheme to create

Hit Export to start exporting.

Note. Import/export schemes are saved in files with PSC extension in Schemes folder of the software.

Exporting on file in GSI format

It’s possible to export topographic points and reference points in GSI format.

Assign a name to the file to create and the saving folder. Hit Save to proceed.

Parameters

Data Select the type of data to export: topographic points or reference points.

Hit Export to start exporting.

Exporting on file in 1200/Viva format for Topko

It’s possible to export topographic points, reference points and measures in a format that can be
imported by SierraSoft Topko software.

Assign a name to the file to create and the saving folder. Hit Save to proceed.

Hit Export to start exporting. The procedure creates a file that can be imported in Topko as a file from
data recorder in Leica System 1200/VIVA format.

Exporting measures
There is no explicit function to export measures acquired on the field due to information non –
uniformity existing among GPS measures, hidden points measures, total station measures etc.

88 - Exporting on file in GSI format

However, every time a job is closed, it is created automatically the XPAD RAW file; the RAW file is a text
file reporting the main settings of the job, the coordinates of the points and the chronologic list of the
measures acquired with all the available information.
To use measures and survey data with third party software we suggest using the RAW file.
For further information about RAW file XPAD format please refer to corresponding guide.

Export data - 89
Appendix

Setup an Android phone as a WiFi Access Point

With this procedure the Android phone becomes an access point through which other terminals can
access the internet. Select item Settings and then Wireless and network.

Select item Tethering and Router Wi-Fi.

Activate option Router Wi-Fi. Select item Router Wi-Fi setting if you want to set a password or change
the security mode.

90 - Setup an Android phone as a WiFi Access Point

Setup an iPhone as a WiFi Access Point
With this procedure the iPhone becomes an access point through which other terminals can access the
internet.
Select item Settings.

Select Personal hotspot. If Wi-Fi is not currently enabled are prompted to activate it; select Activate Wi-
Fi.

Appendix - 91
 Activate option Personal hotspot. Note the WiFi password below as necessary to allow connection of an
external device.

Connect a Windows Mobile controller to Internet through a WiFi access

point
After setting your mobile phone to work as WiFi access point, you can create a WiFi connection between
the Windows Mobile controller and the phone to provide access to the internet from the controller.
The whole procedure must be performed only at the first connection, then simply activate the Wi-Fi and
Windows Mobile will automatically try to connect to the access point.

92 - Connect a Windows Mobile controller to Internet through a WiFi access point

Turn on Wi-Fi and connect the controller to the
Select Wi-Fi item from the Windows Mobile main screen.

Activate the option Wi-Fi.

Select item Menu and then item Wi-Fi Settings.

Appendix - 93
 All WiFi access points are listed. Select the desired access point:

Press Next. Enter password and then press Next.

94 - Connect a Windows Mobile controller to Internet through a WiFi access point

Press Finish to complete connection procedure.

Windows Mobile is now connected to the desired access point.

Deactivate Wi-Fi
Select the item Wi-Fi from the main screen of Windows.

Appendix - 95
 Click on Wi-Fi to deactivate.

Check the connection from XPAD

To check the status of your Internet connection from XPAD, without having to exit the application, click

Windows button on the keyboard controller.

96 - Connect a Windows Mobile controller to Internet through a WiFi access point

The main menu of Windows appears from which select Settings and then the Connections tab.

Select the item Wi-Fi. The window shows the list of available access points and the connection status. To
return to XPAD click on the top bar that shows the icon XPAD.

Appendix - 97