BASIC COMPUTER COURSE

SYLLABUS

INTRODUCTION OF COMPUTER:
 What is computer,
 application of computers,
 input and output devices,
 hardware and software etc

COMPUTER OPERATING:
 Operating system,
 user interface,
 using mouse,
 using menu,
 viewing of file, folders and directories etc.

OTHERS TOPIC COVERED :

 Understand of ms word.
 Understand of ms excel.
 Introduction to internet.
 Way of communication ( e- mail ).
 Understand of power point.
 INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER

COMPUTER IS A MACHINE WHICH

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

DEFINATION :
A computer is a machine or device that performs processes, calculations and operations based on
instructions provided by a software or hardware program. It has the ability to accept data (input),
process it, and then produce outputs.

TYPES OF COMPUTERS: (MAIN TYPES OF COMPUTERS)

 DESKTOP COMPUTER
 LAPTOP COMPUTER
 TABLET COMPUTER

OTHER TYPES OF COMPUTERS

 SMARTPHONES
 SMART WATCH
 SMART TV
 GAME CONSOLES

4 IMPORTANT PARTS OF COMPUTER:

 MONITOR
 C.P.U (CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT)
 KEYBOARD
 MOUSE
 INPUT DEVICES

DEFINATION :
Input devices are pieces of hardware that get raw data into the computer ready for processing.

TWO TYPES OF INPUT DEVICE :

 MANUAL INPUT DEVICES – Need to operated by a human to input information.
 AUTOMATIC INPUT DEVICES – Can input information on their own.

Eg. – keyboard, mouse, microphone, scanner, joysticks, touch screen

OUTPUT DEVICES

DEFINATION :
Output devices are pieces of hardware that send this usable information out of the computer.

TYPE OF OUTPUT DEVICES:

 TEMPORARY OUTPUT DEVICES.
 PERMANENT OUTPUT DEVICES.

Eg. – monitor, printer, speaker, multimedia projector

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT ( C.P.U )

The central processing unit is the brain of the computer.

DEFINATION :
The CPU controls what the computer does and is responsible for performing calculations and data
processing. It also handles the movement of data to and from system memory.

CPU come in a variety of speeds which are known as clock rates. Clock rates are measured in HERTZ.
Generally, the faster the clock rate, the faster the performance of the computer.
 COMPUTER MEMORY

 PRIMARY MEMORY
 SECONDARY MEMORY

PRIMARY MEMORY – This is the main memory fo the computer. CPU can directly read or write on
this memory. It is fixed on the motherboard of the computer.

 RAM (RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY) – RAM is a temporary memory. The information stored in
this memory is lost as the power supply to the computer is turned off. That’s why it is also called
volatile memory.
 ROM (READ ONLY MEMORY) – Information stored in ROM is permanent in nature, it holds the
data even if the system is switched off. It holds the starting instructions for the computer. ROM
cannot be over written by the computer. That’s why is called non-volatile memory.

SECONDARY MEMORY – This memory is permanent in nature. It is used to store the different
programs and the information permanently (which were temporarily stored in RAM). It holds the
information till we erase it.

 HARD DISC

1.1.1. INTERNAL –
i) Main storage device of computer
ii) Fix in CPU box
iii) 200GB to 4TB (available in market)

1.1.2. EXTERNAL (pocketable hard disc, removable hard disc)

 COMPACT DISC (CD) – 250 MB

 DIGITAL VIDEO DISC (DVD) – 1.5 GB
 PEN DRIVE – 8GB, 16GB, 32GB, 64GB
 FLOPPY DISK – 1.44 MB
 HARDWARE

Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer. Computer hardware is any part of the
computer that we can touch these parts. These are the primary electronic devices used to build up the
computer.

 INPUT DEVICES
 OUTPUT DEVICES
 STORAGE DEVICES
 INTERNAL COMPONENTS – motherboard, chips

DEFINATION:
Computer hardware is the collection of physical parts of a computer system. Andy part of the computer
that we can touch is known as hardware.

SOFTWARE

Software is a collection of instructions that performs different tasks on a computer system. We can say
also computer software is a programming code executed on a computer processor. The code can be
machine level code or the code written for an operating system.

 SYSTEM SOFTWARE – system software is software designed to provide a platform for other
software.
Eg. – Microsoft windows, mac os, gnu/linux

 APPLICATION SOFTWARE – application software is a term which is used for software

created for a specific purpose. It is generally a program or collection of programs used by end
users.
Eg. – ms word, ms powerpoint, ms excel, antivirus, photoshop, google chrome, vlc media
player
 COMPUTER STORAGE UNIT

MOBILE WEIGHT – 400 GRAMS ( G)

LAPTOP WEIGHT – 2.4 KILOGRAM ( KG )

Just like we have unit of weight of devices as G and KG. same like in computer we have units for memory
or storage devices.

 BIT ( B) – the smallest unit of data in a computer is called bit ( binary digit ). Used by only
computer.
 NIBBLE – 4 BITS = 1 NIBBLE
 BYTE ( B) – 8 BITS = 1 BYTE
 KILOBYTE ( KB ) – 1024 BYTES = 1 KB
 MEGABYTE ( MB ) – 1024 KB = 1MB
 GIGABYTE ( GB ) – 1024 MB = 1 GB
 TERABYTE ( TB ) – 1024 GB = 1 TB
 PETABYTE ( PT ) – 1024 TB = 1 PB
 EXABYTE ( EB ) – 1024 PB = 1 EB
 ZETTABYTE ( ZB ) – 1024 EB = 1 ZB
 YOTTABYTE ( YB ) – 1024 ZB = 1 YB

BIT – Only use by computer as a binary digit.

BYTE – ms word file size are on byte.

KB – Most commonly used unit in our daily life.

MB TO TB – mostly use in offices and personal purpose.

PB TO EB – only used for super computer and big organization which use super computer.

ZB TO YB – till today’s date this unit is not required so no computer is invented to use this high storage
capacity unit.
Topic to Teach :

 INTERNET
 LAN, MAN AND WAN ( local area network, Metropolitan area network and wide area network )
LAN – Used mostly for offices, school and colleges. Used to share data , share printers,
harddisks, scanner e.t.c EG – ETHERNET WIRE
MAN - Mostly used for Cable TV operator. Cover the area like town, city wide range of
coverages.
WAN – Mostly used by all the users..it provides wide range to all over the world. EG –
INTERNET, GSM, CDMA, HSPA, LTE,ATM or AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINE.
 COMMUNICATION
 WWW – WORLD WIDE WEB ( HTTPS : hypertext transfer protocal secure )
 EMAIL CREATION