IoT based Autonomous Robot Design Implementation

for Military Applications

P A Harsha Vardhini K Murali Chandra Babu
Department of ECE Department of ECE
Vignan Institute of Technology and Science, Deshmukhi National Institute of Technology Warangal
Hyderabad, Telangana, India Telangana, India

Abstract—In military services a new gadget has been tried to • If seized, robot can be self-destruct themselves which
minimize their actions and beat their enemies. A new high-tech improves security.
machinery and weapons with advanced technology nations are
directed in the state of peace. By using different machineries • Robots can be hide for long time with no food and
Robotics is the technology where military forces are using as low energy.
substitutions for humans in the war field. Different robots are
using in military forces for various applications like mines
Robots can be categorized into many types depends on
detection, spying and rescue operations. A novel approach with software and mechanical complexity. Robots in different
IoT technology is used to design robot for various military environments like land, sea and air will be the most difficult to
operations like mine detection, communications, surveillance and control. There are two methods of controlling the robot which
fire detection. This robot is developed by using a microcontroller is wired and wireless. The wireless robots are more convenient
which is interfaced with other components like metal detector than wired Robot in terms of its range. The size of the wireless
sensor, spy camera, temperature sensor. When the metal or fire robot is large and cost is high as compare to wired robot. But
is detected an SMS, alert is sent to the predefined number with for long distance communication purpose wireless robots are
latitudes and longitudes values. The good quality camera is used used specially used in unfavourable condition like fire rescue
for surveillance and transmitted using Wi-Fi module. area, toxic gas area in such places these robots are used with
much high efficiency [6-10]. The newly proposed robot is
2022 IEEE Delhi Section Conference (DELCON) | 978-1-6654-5883-2/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/DELCON54057.2022.9753507

Keywords—Robotics, mine detection, temperature sensor, communicated wirelessly through Wi-Fi module and
microcontroller, Wi-Fi module. controlled using a mobile application. The proposed design
will detect the various metals and alert the military force by
I. INTRODUCTION sending the message and the location of the metal detection
via SMS through GSM Modem. The robot is interfaced with
Now a days it is essential to monitor military areas due to high quality camera to capture the video and send to the base
attacks by enemies. The quality of surveillance is not station via Bluetooth module. It will detect the fire using a
satisfactory because of this many of the lives of soldiers are at sensor and send a message to the people along with location.
risk. To reduce these fatalities animals are trained for some
tasks which is widely used in military applications. Dogs in
II. PROPOSED SYSTEM
the military can be trained for detecting bombs, used to attack
the enemies and for communication. Honeybees are used to The proposed block diagram is depicted in the figure 1.
detect the chemical nuclear weapons. Dolphins are also trained The block diagram consists of metal sensor, fir sensor, Wi-Fi
for detecting in mines. But these animals have their module, GSM modem, LCD Display, motors, PIC
limitations like they need to be trained well for any task. microcontroller.
Animals can work in only some environmental conditions like
honeybees cannot detect the weapons in the night. The only A. Metal sensor:
one solution for these limitations is the use of robot with This sensor uses a proximity sensor as a switch. When it
sensors. detects a targeted object, it closes the switches and generates a
Robots are used in many applications like commercial control signal sends to a microcontroller. This sensor detects
industries, agriculture and smart homes [1-5]. Robots are various metals with small size, low cost, 1mm detection
developed to do dangerous tasks in industries. the robots are distance and it is easy to install and it is used in any
used in military operations like environmental conditions.

• Reduce the manpower in Warfield, other tasks like B. Fire sensor:

rescue, surveillance, fire accidents.
This sensor will detect the fire and ordinary light and it
• Reduces the workload of experienced professional will sends 1,0 as inputs to the micro controller. The sensitivity
categories of the sensor is adjustable and gives stable performance.
• Low cost for creating robotic army as compared to
C. GSM modem:
training for manpower.
GSM Modem is compact module uses tri-band GSM for
• Robots can withstand in bio war. sending SMS, voice calls and data with low power
consumption. A GPS receiver is used to send the current

978-1-6654-5883-2/22/$31.00 ©2022 IEEE

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location, it is given to the microcontroller, when sensor detects
the metal or fire it sends the latitude and longitude of the Start
current location to the controller

D. WIFI Module:
Connect the
ESP8266wifi module is used to make communication Robot to IoT
between the robot and the base station. The Wi-Fi module is
used to control robot to move forward, backward, left and
right directions through P2P app.
Connect the
camera

Click on the
options on
the webpage
no no

If fire is If fire is
sensed sensed

yes yes

Location is Location is
send through
send through
SMS

Fig. 1. Block diagram of proposed design.

Click on Start
water pump
option in web
E. Camera:
The camera is attached to the wheel, using the motor driver Fig. 2. Flowchart
the microcontroller has access to rotate the wheel. The camera
will capture the images and records the video and saves in the H. Hardware setup:
SD card present in it and the saved images and videos will
A LCD pins 4,5,11,12,13,14 are given to the controller 35-
send to base station via Wi-Fi inbuilt in it. To view the video
40 pins it allows to perform read write operations on the
on mobile a P2P app Viewer is installed
display. Interfacing the LCD display to microcontroller is
depicted in figure 3.
F. LCD Display:
An LCD display is interfaced to controller, it displays
GSM initializing, movement of the robot, location of
detection.

G. PIC Microcontroller:
PIC micro controller is the main component of the design
where the robot is designed and interfaced with all sensors,
camera and Wi-Fi module and move the robot forward,
backward, left and right.
The operation of the proposed design is depicted in figure
2. First the bot is powered on, upon the connection of phone to
the Wi-Fi module present on the robot the movement of robot Fig. 3. Connection between LCD and Microcontroller
can be done through IoT webpage, the surveillance can be
done through the P2P VIEWER AP, It carries a WIFI enabled GSM pin connected to 34 output pin whenever controller
camera and direction of camera can also be controlled by user. triggers these pin, it sends SMS to the user. Figure 4 shows the
When the robot senses a metal, it sends SMS alerts with GEO connectivity of GSM modem to microcontroller. GPS have 3
location to a predefined number. When the robot senses a fire, pins, one connected supply, one to ground, one to controller
it sends SMS alerts with GEO location to a predefined pin4 It send latitude and longitude in the format of zeros and
number. Then the user can turn ON the water pump which is ones and it is displayed on the LCD, and sends SMS to the
placed in the robot through the IoT webpage. user

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 Three motor drivers are used, one for camera motor i.e. it
is used to rotate the camera to capture video. Another two
motors are used for rotating a robot. Figure 8 shows the
interfacing the motor drivers to microcontroller.

Fig. 4. Connection between GSM and Microcontroller

Metal sensor has three pins one is supplied with power

supply, one with ground, another to microcontroller pin 2,
whenever it detects the metal it sends inputs to the controller,
the controller displays it on LCD and sends an SMS to the Fig. 8. Connection between Motor drivers and Microcontroller
user. Figure 5 shows the detection of metal using metal sensor.
III. NETWORK SETUP AND RESULTS
Install Plug & Play or P2PcamViewer APP on Smartphone
or Tablet PC
1. Go to your App store or Google Play, search for «9527»
and then install «Plug & Play» on your Android phone or
tablet PC, or «P2PcamViewer» on your iPhone or iPad.

A. P2P Setup:
Connect the Wi-Fi between the mobile phone and the
camera by entering the username and password in the mobile
Fig. 5. while detecting the metal phone. Reset the connection if the camera’s Wi-Fi is
connected to a mobile phone. Figure 9 shows the viewing of
Flame sensor has three pins one is supplied with power camera in the P2P viewer app in the mobile phone. After
supply, one with ground, another to microcontroller pin 3, successful connection of camera open the P2P viewer app and
whenever it detects the metal it sends inputs to the controller, check for the Wi-Fi options and connect the Wi-Fi to enrol the
the controller displays it on LCD and sends an SMS to the camera in the P2P viewer app. After enrolling the camera
user. Figure 6 shows the connectivity of fire sensor to a then camera is accessed and can view, record options available
microcontroller. in the app.

Fig. 6. Connection between Flame sensor and Microcontroller

Fig. 9. View from the surveillance camera
A WIFI module is used give the inputs to controller such
that the robot moves and pumps the water and for the camera
rotation pin 33 of the controller is connected. Figure 7 shows IV. RESULTS
the connectivity of Wi-Fi module to microcontroller.
The proposed design is based on programming with smart
app for controlling the robot. The programme is dumped on to
the microcontroller using proteus software. When a Wi-Fi
module is connected with robot then an IP address 192.168.4.1
entered in the mobile phone then the controlling options of
robot is displayed on the webpage. Figure 10 shows the
webpage of the Wi-Fi module where the operation of the robot
is displayed. When we click on forward, backward, left, right
and stops to robot perform the corresponding action and
display the action on the LCD display. When we click cam left
and cam right options, the camera interfaced to a motor will
Fig. 7. Connection between Wi-Fi module and Microcontroller rotate left and right and capture the video.

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 Fig. 13. Picture of displaying the location and camera view of the metal

When fire is detected it blow buzzer and displays on LCD

and sends location in form of SMS to registered user’s mobile.
Figure 14 displays the detection of fire and displays the same
Fig. 10. web page on the LCD display.

When the robot and the Wi-Fi module is connected then

GSM module is initiated. Figure 11 depicts that the
initialization of the GSM module is dis[played on the LCD
display.

Fig. 14. Fire alert displaying and sending SMS

After fire is detected we will get the location of latitude

Fig. 11. Initialization of GSM and longitude as SMS and also it is displayed in LCD as
shown in the figure 16, when we open that SMS the location is
When metal is detected it alerts with buzzer and displays displayed in Google Maps. Figure 15 shows the viewing the
on LCD and sends location in form of SMS to registered fire detection in the P2P viewer app.
user’s mobile.
Figure 12 depicts the metal detection and sending SMS to
the registered mobile. After metal is detected, the location of
latitude and longitude is displayed on the LCD Display and
send the same through SMS via GSM module, figure 13
shows displaying the latitude and longitude in LCD display.
After clicking the location points in SMS the location is
displayed in Google Maps.

Fig. 15. Camera View - detecting fire

Fig. 16. Displaying the location

Fig. 12. Metal detected and sending SMS

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