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DTP

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VLAN Trunking creates one link between switches that supports as many VLANs as we need.

• CISCO has supported two different Trunking protocols.

1. Inter-Switch Link (ISL) ----- CISCO created the ISL
2. IEEE 802.1Q ----- IEEE

ISL 802.1Q

Proprietary Open Standard

Encapsulated (ISL Header 26 Bytes and CRC 4 Tagged (it uses 4 Bytes) it modifies the original frame
Bytes so total is 30 Bytes) CRC stand for
cyclic redundancy check

Encapsulates the old frame in a new frame Add a field to the frame header

Dynamic Trunking Protocol (DTP):

• It is CISCO proprietary Protocol.

• If two CISCO switches are cabled together, they can negotiate a trunk connection using CISCO DTP.
• It is however recommended to manually configure switch ports.
• Manual configuration for Trunk port as given below.

Command we use is given below:

• switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q

• Switchport mode trunk

DTP Configuration:

1. Switchport mode dynamic auto

2. Switchport mode dynamic desirable
3. Switchport no negotiate

Switchport mode dynamic auto:

• Switch will form a trunk if the neighbor switch port is set to trunk or desirable.
• Trunk will not be formed if both sides are set to auto.
• In newer switches default we have auto.

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Switchport mode dynamic desirable:

• Switch will form a trunk if the neighbor switch port is set trunk, desirable or auto.

Switchport mode no negotiate:

• Disable DTP

For Layer 3 Switch we use below given command to make trunk Port:

Int f0/1
Switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
Switchport mode trunk
End

Command Description
Sh int f0/1 switchport This command is for checking status of interface.
Int f0/1 This command is for setting interface as dynamic
Switchport mode dynamic auto Auto.

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Int f0/1 This command is for setting interface as dynamic

Switchport mode dynamic desirable desirable.

Sh interfaces trunk To Check Interface Trunk

Trunking Administrative Mode Options with the Switchport Mode Command:

Command Description
Access Always act as an access (nontrunk) port.
Trunk Always act as trunk port.
Dynamic desirable Initiates negotiation message and responds to
negotiation message to dynamically choose
whether to start using trunking.
Dynamic auto Passively waits to receive trunk negotiation
messages, at which point the switch will respond
and negotiate whether to use trunking.

Manual (Static) Trunk Configuration:

• Manual configuration of trunk is performed by issuing the switchport mode trunk

• Interface configuration command on the desired Cisco switch port or Interface.
• This Switch command forces the port into a permanent (Static) trunking mode.
• Although Static configuration of a trunk link forces the switch to establish a trunk.
• Dynamic ISL & Dynamic Trunking Protocol packets will still be sent out of interface.
• Statically configured trunk link can establish trunk with neighboring that is using DTP.

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SW1 Configuration SW2 Configuration

En En
Config t Config t
Hostname SW1 Hostname SW2
Int g0/0
switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
switchport mode trunk

For Switch 1 we done Static configuration see Mode is “ON” That mean we done Trunk with Static or
Manual method.

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For Switch 2 we done Auto (that is Dynamic) when one site we do Trunk other side automatically become
trunk by using DTP protocol and it is called Dynamic trunk method. If you see in above pic it show Mode
auto.

To turn off DTP on a switch port apply the following command under the interface commands

S1(config)#interface g0/0
S1(config-if)#switchport nonegotiate

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Troubleshooting Lab1:

PC1 is unable to ping PC2. There are no issues with the PCs; the problem is related to the switch. Let’s see
what happens when we try a ping:

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The two computers are unable to ping each other. Let’s do a quick check if there are any interface errors:

The interfaces are looking good, no errors here. Let’s check the VLAN assignments:

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At this moment it’s a good idea to check the VLAN information. You can use the show vlan command to
quickly verify to which VLAN the interfaces belong.

As you can see our interfaces are not in the same VLAN. Let’s fix this:

Sw SW1(config)#int g0/1
Sw I SW1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 1001

We’ll move interface g0/1 back to VLAN 1001, both PCs are now in VLAN 1001. Let’s try that ping again:

Now it is working problem is solve.

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Troubleshooting Lab2:

PC1 is unable to ping PC2. There are no issues with the PCs; the problem is related to the switch. Let’s see
what happens when we try a ping:

The two computers are unable to ping each other. Let’s do a quick check if there are any interface errors:

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The interfaces are looking good, no errors here. Let’s check the VLAN assignments:

At this moment it’s a good idea to check the VLAN information. You can use the show vlan command to
quickly verify to which VLAN the interfaces belong.

It look ok let see trunk is present or not between this switch.

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So we don’t have trunk that is issues. Try to create trunk between this two switch and verify.

SW1(config)#int g0/1
SW1(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation dot1q
SW1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk

After configuring Trunk it is ok

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