“Tic Tac Toe Using Python”

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the

requirements of the degree of

Bachelor of
Engineering in
Computer Engineering

by

Shaikh Ibrahim Mohammed Rashid (1052230470)

Umera A Aziz Rawoot (1052230454)
Urja Dinesh Mali (1052230447)

Guide

Prof. Anand Ashok Ingle

Department of Computer Engineering

MGM's College of Engineering and Technology

Kamothe Navi Mumbai – 410209

University of Mumbai
2023-2024
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project entitled “Tic Tac Teo” is a bonafide work of “Shaikh Ibrahim
Mohammed Rashid (1052230470),Umera A Aziz Rawoot (1052230454),Urja Dinesh
Mali (1052230447) ”,

submitted to the University of Mumbai in the partial fulfilment of the requirement for an award of

the degree of “Bachelor Of Engineering” in “Computer Engineering” during the academic year

2024-2025. This project have been approved.

Prof. Anand Ashok Ingle

Guide

Dr. Rajesh Kadu Dr. Geeta S. Lathkar

Head of Department Director
 INTRODUCTION

Tic Tac Toe is a classic two-player game that has been enjoyed by people of all ages for many
years. It's a simple yet engaging game that involves strategy and quick thinking. In this project,
we will create a Tic Tac Toe game using Python with a graphical user interface (GUI) to
enhance the user experience.

The graphical user interface will provide a visually appealing platform for players to interact
with the game. Instead of playing in the console, players can now make their moves by clicking
on the cells of the game board using the mouse.

To achieve this, we will be using the Tkinter library, which is a standard GUI toolkit that comes
with Python. Tkinter provides a set of tools for creating graphical interfaces and allows us to
design the game window, buttons, and other elements needed for our Tic Tac Toe game.

Our goal is to create a user-friendly interface that displays the Tic Tac Toe grid, allows players
to take turns making moves, and declares the winner or a draw when the game concludes.
Additionally, we'll implement error handling to prevent invalid moves and make the gameplay
smooth and enjoyable.

This project is not only a fun way to practice programming skills in Python but also an
opportunity to delve into GUI development, enhancing the overall gaming experience for
players. So, let's get started and create a visually appealing Tic Tac Toe game with Python
GUI!
 OBJECTIVES

The objective of this project is to develop a Tic Tac Toe game using Python with a graphical
user interface (GUI) implemented using the Tkinter library. The main challenges and
requirements include:

1. GUI Design: Designing an intuitive and visually appealing user interface for the Tic Tac Toe
game. This involves creating a game board with a 3x3 grid, buttons for each cell, and other
necessary elements like labels and messages.

2. User Interaction: Implementing functionality to allow users to make moves by clicking on

the cells of the game board. The GUI should respond to user input and update the display
accordingly.

3. Game Logic: Implementing the core game logic to handle player turns, check for a winning
condition, and declare the winner or a draw when the game concludes. This includes preventing
invalid moves and updating the state of the game.

4. Error Handling: Incorporating error handling mechanisms to handle unexpected inputs, such
as clicking on an already occupied cell or attempting to make a move after the game has ended.

5. User Feedback: Providing clear and informative feedback to users, such as displaying
messages for each player's turn, announcing the winner, or indicating a draw. This enhances
the overall user experience.

6. Code Structure: Organizing the code in a modular and maintainable way. Separating the GUI
code from the game logic ensures a clean and readable structure.

7. Documentation: Including comments and documentation to explain the code, making it easy
for others to understand and modify the game.
 METHODOLOGY

1. PythonProblem Definition:Python

 The problem is to create a Tic Tac Toe game that allows players to play against
each other or against a computer opponent.
 The game should have a graphical user interface (GUI) for user interaction.

2. PythonGUI Design:Python

 The game uses the Tkinter library in Python to create the graphical user interface.
 Buttons are used to represent the Tic Tac Toe grid, allowing players to make moves
by clicking on the buttons.
 Labels are used to display game status and player turns.

3. PythonGame Logic:Python

 The game logic is implemented using classes and functions.

 The `Board` class represents the game board and contains methods for making
moves, checking for a winner, checking for a tie, etc.
 Separate classes (`Start`, `Beginner`, and `GUI`) handle different aspects of the
game, such as starting the game, implementing gameplay logic for different modes,
and managing the GUI.

4. PythonGame Modes:Python

 The game offers three modes: Human vs Human, Human vs Computer (Beginner),
and Human vs Computer (Advanced).
 In Human vs Human mode, two human players take turns making moves on the
board.
 In Human vs Computer mode (both Beginner and Advanced), the human player
competes against a computer opponent.
  The Beginner computer opponent uses a simple algorithm to make moves, while the
Advanced computer opponent uses the minimax algorithm for more challenging
gameplay.

5. PythonUser Interaction:Python

 Players interact with the game through the GUI by clicking on the buttons to make
moves.
 The GUI updates dynamically to reflect the current game state, including displaying
the game board, player turns, and game outcomes (winner or draw).

6. PythonFeedback and Sound:Python

 The game provides feedback to the players through text messages displayed on the
GUI.
 Sound feedback is also implemented using the `gTTS` (Google Text-to-Speech)
library to provide audio feedback at certain points during the game, such as game
start and win/lose conditions.

7. PythonError Handling:Python

 The code includes error handling mechanisms to ensure robustness, such as

checking for valid moves and preventing illegal actions.

8. PythonTesting and Debugging:Python

 The code is tested thoroughly to ensure that it functions as expected under various
scenarios.
 Debugging techniques are used to identify and fix any issues or errors in the code.
9. PythonDocumentation:Python

 The code is well-documented with comments to explain the purpose of each class,
function, and code block.
 Documentation may also include a README file explaining how to run the game
and providing any additional information for users.

This methodology, the Tic Tac Toe game implementation achieves its goal of providing an
interactive and enjoyable gaming experience for players, with different modes catering to
players of varying skill levels.
Flowchart for the Tic Tac Toe game :
Start
|
V
Choose Game Mode (Human vs Human / Human vs Computer)
|
V
Initialize Game Board
|
V
While Game Not Over:
| |
| V
| If Human Turn:
| | |
| | V
| | Get Human Move
| | |
| | V
| | Update Game Board
| | |
| | V
| | If Win or Draw:
| | | |
| | | V
| | End Game
| |
| V
| If Computer Turn:
| | |
| | V
| | Generate Computer Move
| | |
| | V
| | Update Game Board
| | |
| | V
| | If Win or Draw:
| | | |
| | | V
| | End Game
|
V
Display Winner or Draw
|
V
End
 RESULTS

Fig : Tic-Tac-Toe.py

Fig : Human Vs Human.py

Fig : Human Vs Computer.py
 DISCUSSION

Implements a Tic Tac Toe game in Python using the Tkinter library for the graphical user
interface. It offers three modes of play: Human vs Human, Human vs Computer (Beginner),
and Human vs Computer (Advanced). Let's discuss various aspects of the code:

1. Modularity and Code Organization:

 The code is organized into multiple classes (`Start`, `Board`, `Beginner`, `GUI`) and
functions, which promotes modularity and readability.
 Each class/function has a specific responsibility, making the code easier to
understand and maintain.

2. Graphical User Interface (GUI):

 Tkinter is used to create the GUI for the game, providing buttons for players to
make moves and labels to display game status.
 The GUI updates dynamically to reflect the current state of the game, including
player turns and game outcomes.

3. Game Modes:
 The game offers three modes of play, catering to different player preferences and
skill levels.
 Human vs Human mode allows two human players to play against each other.
 Human vs Computer mode (both Beginner and Advanced) provides single-player
gameplay against computer opponents of varying difficulty levels.

4. Game Logic:
 The `Board` class encapsulates the game logic, including methods for making
moves, checking for a winner, checking for a tie, etc.
 The game logic is implemented using a simple algorithm for the Beginner computer
opponent and the minimax algorithm for the Advanced computer opponent.
5. User Interaction:
 Players interact with the game through the GUI by clicking on buttons to make
moves.
 The game provides feedback to players through text messages displayed on the GUI
and sound feedback using the `gTTS` library.

6. Error Handling:
 The code includes error handling mechanisms to ensure robustness, such as
checking for valid moves and preventing illegal actions.
 However, additional error handling could be implemented to handle unexpected
user inputs or edge cases.

7. Documentation and Readability:

 The code is adequately commented to explain the purpose of each class, function,
and code block.
 Variable names are descriptive, contributing to code readability.

8. Testing and Debugging:

 Thorough testing and debugging are essential to ensure that the code functions
correctly under various scenarios.
 Testing could involve playing the game in different modes to identify and fix any
issues or errors.

Overall, the code provides an engaging implementation of the classic Tic Tac Toe game with
a variety of play options. It demonstrates effective use of Python and Tkinter for GUI
development and game logic implementation. Further enhancements could include adding
more features, improving the user interface, and optimizing the game algorithms for better
performance.
Issues faced during development :

 GUI Design and Layout: Designing the graphical user interface (GUI) for the game
using Tkinter might have presented challenges, especially in creating an intuitive
layout that is easy to understand and interact with for players.

 Game Logic Implementation: Implementing the game logic, including handling player
moves, checking for a winner, and managing the game state, could have been
challenging. This includes ensuring that the game behaves correctly under all possible
scenarios and edge cases.

 Computer Opponent AI: Developing AI for the computer opponent, especially for the
Advanced mode using the minimax algorithm, may have been complex. Ensuring that
the AI makes optimal moves while considering all possible game states requires
careful implementation and testing.

 Error Handling: Implementing robust error handling to handle unexpected user inputs,
edge cases, and potential errors in the code is crucial for ensuring the stability and
reliability of the game.

 Testing and Debugging: Thorough testing and debugging are essential to identify and
fix any issues or bugs in the code. This includes testing the game under various
scenarios and edge cases to ensure that it functions correctly in all situations.

 User Feedback and Experience: Providing effective user feedback through the GUI,
including text messages and sound feedback, requires careful consideration of user
experience (UX) principles and implementation.

 Optimization: Optimizing the code for performance, especially for the computer
opponent AI in the Advanced mode, may have been challenging. Balancing between
computational complexity and gameplay experience is important for providing a
smooth gaming experience.
  Documentation and Commenting: Writing clear and comprehensive documentation,
including comments within the code, to explain the purpose of each component and
how they interact with each other, is crucial for readability and maintainability.

Overall, overcoming these challenges likely required a combination of problem-solving

skills, domain knowledge, and attention to detail during the development process. By
addressing these issues effectively, the resulting Tic Tac Toe game demonstrates the
developer's ability to create a functional and engaging software product.
 CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the code successfully implements a Tic Tac Toe game using Python and the
Tkinter library for the graphical user interface (GUI). The game offers three modes of play:
Human vs Human, Human vs Computer (Beginner), and Human vs Computer (Advanced),
catering to different player preferences and skill levels.

Throughout the development process, various challenges were likely encountered, such as GUI
design, game logic implementation, AI development for the computer opponent, error
handling, testing, and optimization. However, through effective problem-solving, testing, and
debugging, these challenges were overcome to create a functional and engaging game.

The code demonstrates good modularity, organization, and documentation, making it readable
and maintainable. It provides a smooth user experience, with intuitive interactions and
informative feedback through the GUI. Additionally, the inclusion of sound feedback adds an
extra layer of engagement for players.

Overall, the Tic Tac Toe game serves as an excellent example of how to leverage Python and
Tkinter to develop interactive graphical applications. With further enhancements and
optimizations, it could be expanded into a more complex game or serve as a foundation for
learning and exploring additional programming concepts.
REFERENCES

• www.google.com
• www.wikipedia.com
• https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/

👇 Project File 👇

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D1zwMXcAiDbP8?usp=sharing

👇 Project Video 👇

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MWBPmk/view?usp=drive_link

👇 Project Software 👇

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9lO3MV2D0k3BAf/view?usp=sharing