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 FOREWORD

The District Agriculture Plan for District Jaisalmer describes what a district will try to
achieve over a medium term, of two years and how it intends to achieve it. The DAP
Jaisalmer covers overall district plan incorporating all constitutional obligations. The Districts
plans incorporate three line departments in DAP, with action plan and strategy of all
departments.

The plan has been formulated with the help of base line survey. The other consultation
was done with the help of PLCL, NABARD document, SREP (ATMA), SERC Document,
vision document of all departments. The plan has been finalized with the help of CAZRI,
KVK and LRS after thorough discussion and analysis, compilation, editing and overall
documentation of DAP. The total budget proposed for expenditure under RKVY is about Rs.
348.56 Crores for next two years. In addition, District will contribute to double the income
of farmers. It is converged with all ongoing schemes/ programmes.

Radheyshyam Narwal
Deputy Director Agriculture (Ext)
Zila Parishad Jaisalmer
 INDEX

S.No. Content Page No.

1. Introduction 1-6

2. General Background of the District 7-15

3. SWOT Analysis 16-21

4. Development of Agriculture Sector 22-54

5. Development of Allied Sector 55-73

6. Comprehensive District Agriculture 74-77

Plan

7. Annexure – Proposed physical and 78-79

financial outlay of XIIth plan
 CHAPTER-I

INTRODUCTION

1
 Agriculture contributes about 14% to India's economic output, despite nearly half of the country's
population being involved in farm related activities. GDP From Agriculture in India increased to 5722.27 INR
Billion in the fourth quarter of 2017 from 3336.11 INR Billion in the third quarter of 2017. GDP From
Agriculture in India averaged 4026.84 INR Billion from 2011 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 5722.27
INR Billion in the fourth quarter of 2017 and a record low of 2690.55 INR Billion in the third quarter of 2011.
The share of agriculture in employment was 48.9 per cent of the workforce. In other words Agriculture is the
principal source of livelihood for more than 58% of the population of this country. As per the Economic Survey
the sector share in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) was 17.4 in 2015-16. Kisaano ki Samriddhi”, the well-
being of farmers is vital to the nation's prosperity. Kisan is the sentinel of our food security. Annadaata
Sukhibhava has been one of our fundamental civilizational values. It is the time the government is taking several
steps to usher in Second Green Revolution in the entire country. India lives in the villages. Agriculture sector is
the soul of Indian economy and for the people of India.
We all know that the agriculture sector is the backbone and crucial in our Indian economy which provides
the basic ingredients to mankind and providing raw material for rapid industrialisation sector development. No
doubt that the besides manufacturing sectors, Agriculture sector provides great employment opportunities for rural
people/youth on a large scale for their livelihood and also provides an entrepreneurship. Agriculture is a state
subject as per the constitutional list of VII schedule. The concept of competitive Federalism to Competitive Sub-
Federalism besides the smart city mission, agriculture development is needed at the gross root level. Rural
development is one of our top priorities for Government. We have to work harder to provide food security to our
people and to make the agriculture sector resilient to the vagaries of nature. We have to provide better amenities
and opportunities to our people in villages to ensure a decent quality of life. No doubt that the food processing
sector helps increase farmers’ income. Agriculture is the main Input to the biotic community for any activity in
this planet of Earth. The level of agriculture production and overall availability of food grains is satisfactory and
sufficient for human energy. Food grains Stock in Central Pool for current period is about approximately 361.63
lakh MT
The Indian economy is estimated to register a GDP growth rate of 7.1 per cent in 2016-17. The radical
measures initiated in November 2016 in the form of demonetisation of Rs. 1000 and Rs. 500 currency notes, the
Indian economy is likely to experience a slowdown in the growth rate in Agriculture and allied sectors. However
we hope that the growth of agriculture & allied sectors improved significantly in a long run. As per the first
advance estimates of the CSO, growth rate for the agriculture and allied sectors is estimated to be 4.1 to 5.1 per
cent. We need to rationalize fertilizer subsidy in an input, crop and region neutral format and minimize diversions
thorough the Digital and Direct Benefit Transfer options.

2
Price policy of agricultural produce

The price policy of Government for major agricultural commodities seeks to ensure remunerative prices to
the farmers to encourage higher investment and production, and to safeguard the interest of consumers by making
available supplies at reasonable prices. On account of the volatility of prices of pulses, a Committee on
‘Incentivising Pulses Production through Minimum Support Price (MSP) and Related
Agricultural Policies’ is needed for farmers development.

Government of India has established the National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change to assist States and Union
Territories to undertake projects and actions for adaptation to climate change. Rs. 182.3 crore has been released
for 18 projects for sectors including agriculture and animal husbandry, water resources, coastal areas, biodiversity
and ecosystem services.
The Government has taken a number of initiatives through the ‘Ministry of Agriculture, Cooperation and
Farmers Welfare’ Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana, with the biggestever Government's contribution to crop
insurance and with lowest-ever premium rates for farmers. It has many firsts to its credit like national coverage of
post-harvest losses due to inundation and unseasonal rains, no capping on Government subsidy, and use of
technology for early and accurate settlement of claims. Assistance to farmers afflicted by natural calamity has
been increased by 50% and eligibility norms have been relaxed. Soil Health Card to 14 crore farm-holdings by
March, 2017 and will result in judicious application of fertilizers, lowering input costs and bettering soil health.
To promote organic farming, Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana is being implemented under which 8,000 clusters
have been developed so far.
Prime Minister Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)/ "Per Drop More Crop" and "Jal Sanchay for Jal
Sinchan".: The Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojana promises assured irrigation, expanding cultivated areas by
improving water use efficiency and enabling drought proofing.
New Urea Policy-2015 with the objective of maximizing indigenous production and improving energy
efficiency. The policy will lead to additional production of 17 Lakh metric tonnes annually in the next three
years. Providing 100% neem-coated urea has not only improved efficiency but has also helped in plugging
subsidy leakages by preventing illegal diversion of subsidized urea to non-agricultural use. The highest ever urea
fertilizer production was achieved in 2015.
National Agriculture Market Scheme (NAM) launched to connect mandis across the entire country. It is
making India One food zone, One Country, One Market. This will immensely benefit our farmers in getting fair
and remunerative prices.

3
 Concerned over this pace of growth in agriculture and allied sectors, the National Development Council
(NDC), in its meeting held on 29th May, 2007 resolved that a special Additional Central Assistance Scheme i.e.
National Agriculture Development Programme (NADP) / Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY) be launched
with following main objectives:
 To incentivize the States for increasing public investment in agriculture and allied sectors.
 To ensure that agricultural plans of Districts/States are prepared and are based on agro-climatic
conditions, availability of technology and natural resources.
 To reduce the yield gap in important crops and increase production and productivity in agriculture and
allied sectors through focused and holistic initiatives.
 To ensure that local needs/crops/priorities are better reflected in the agricultural plans of the
Districts/States.
 To provide flexibility and autonomy to States in planning and implementation of agriculture and allied
sector schemes.
 To maximize income of farmers in agriculture and allied sectors.
It is designed to reduce poverty and focus on bridging the various divides that continue to fragment our
society. It aims at putting the economy on a sustainable growth trajectory with a GDP growth rate of
approximately 10 percent by the end of plan period and target a robust agricultural growth at 4 percent per year.
The agriculture growth being essential element of the strategy of making growth more inclusive, the NDC advised
the State Governments on preparation of Comprehensive District Agriculture Plans (C-DAP) which includes
allied agriculture sectors with full and efficient utilization of available resources.
The Agriculture in the district (as in the state too) can’t possibly achieve same growth as in the past
without recognizing the role of farmer’s participatory approach for formulating strategies and finding solutions to
new and emerging problems. Similarly due to globalization, trade in agriculture will expand and the district like
Jaisalmer can hugely benefit when the trade expands and our farmers start making best use of such changes by
becoming as secondary producer rather than a primary producer of agriculture commodities. Reforms based on
globalization (coupled with other factors) can now pave the way for commercial dairies and subsidiary
occupations. The demographic changes due to fast urbanization and new avenues in private sector will bring
greater prosperity in the middle class families. This will lead to some diversification in food habits leading to
more animals and requirement of more cereals for animals. Food demand will go up not purely because of
population rise but also because of more requirement of cereals as animal feed. Although in district like Jaisalmer
availability of cultivable land is not a constraint, rather availability of irrigation water is a major threat, even then
there is no reason to believe that agriculture productivity can’t be raised. New science like GM crops, new

4
approaches like farming system and new technologies like resource management will always help us to face new
challenges in agriculture development.
Keeping this in view the DAP of Jaisalmer district is prepared for 2017-18 to 2019-20on the basis of
primary and secondary data of the district for achieving sustainable agricultural growth with improved farmers’
income through participatory process involving stakeholders and various organizations. By establishing strong
linkages with required institutional support services the plan will ensure optimum utilization of scarce natural,
physical and financial resources.

Methodology
The approach followed in preparation of the document was necessarily of Participatory Appraisal mode.
Central Arid Zone Research Institute, Regional Research Station Jaisalmer was identified as Technical Support
Institute (TSI). The TSI, under the guidance of Head CAZRI, RRS, Jaisalmer, provided all necessary technical
help to planning units and support groups for preparation of this plan through participatory bottom-up process.
The TSI trained the Planning Units/ Groups in Participatory Rural Appraisal techniques, designed formats for data
collection, guided in data collection and analysis and conducted regular workshops and meetings and did hand
holding where ever needed for plan preparation.
Orientation of the resource team
All line departments were requested for providing required information and inputs for preparation of
Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan of Jaisalmer. The following specific aspects were discussed:
 Issues and challenges in Agriculture sector.
 Planning concepts and district Planning.
 Basic features and planning process of RKVY.
 Vision, methodology and process of preparing DAP.
 Farming system approach with special reference on animal husbandry and dairy.
 Horticultural development.
 Natural Resource Management (NRM)
 Farming situation based extension.
 Integrated Nutrient Management (INM), Integrated Pest Management (IPM), Human Resource
Development (HRD), Marketing and other important aspects.

Data collection
The data was collected with wide consultations of farmers/farmer groups as well as Gram Panchayat level
workers from the relevant fields. Formal and informal meetings with staff of agriculture and line departments,

5
members of Panchayati Raj Institutions and farmers were conducted at different levels. The resource teams also
collected secondary data and related statistics needed for planning from different departments and other sources.
While preparing DAP the following points were highlighted for the overall development of Agriculture and allied
sector
 Profitability of existing farming system and the rate of return.
 Market infrastructure and marketing opportunities, custom hiring services, and policy issues of subsidy.
 Timely availability of agricultural inputs at reasonable costs.
 Farmers’ low pro-activity to invest in the productivity enhancement as agriculture production has become
highly risky due to frequent droughts in the district.
 Management of droughts and famine with special reference to fodder production
 Farmers' response to rain water harvest.
 Work plan and activities for landless and resource poor farmers.
 Crop and animal insurance and risk management.
 Overall preparation of action plan

6
 CHAPTER-II

GENERAL BACKGROUND
OF THE DISTRICT

7
 Jaisalmer district is located in the western part of Rajasthan state and lies between 26O01’ and 28O02’
North latitude and 69O29’30”and 72O20’30’’ East Longitude. The district is almost sanding, dry and forms
part of the great Indian Thar Desert. Physiographical, the district exhibits an undulating terrain. There are
interminable sea of sand dunes of different shape and height’s; the biggest are found in Ramgarh and Sam
areas. Vegetation in the district is scarce due to lack of water and rainfall.

Climate and Rainfall

The climate of district is dry. It is characterized by large extremes of temperature and erratic rainfall.
The hot weather is very prolonged and the heat during the summer extend up to the end of June is intense.
The mean temperature during the year is 27 ºC. It varies from 4 º C to 47 º C. The rainfall in the district is
scanty and precarious generally varies in different blocks of the district. Average annual rainfall is 164 mm.
The rainfall generally decreases from the south west to North West in the district. The north western regions
of the district have scanty rain and that too is largely received in monsoon season.

Irrigation and ground water

There are no perennial rivers following in the district. Two out of the three blocks’ are in critical and
semi critical category. The water level in the district varies from 15 m to 130 m. The prospects of overall
development of Jaisalmer district are depended on fully operationalization of Indira Gandhi Nahar Project.

Land use pattern

This district has a total land area of 38.39 lakh ha. Net sown area is 7.02 Lakh ha which constituted
only 18.28 % of the total geographical area. The cultivable waste land in the district was substantially higher
around 23.51 lakh ha constituting 61% of the total area in the district. A major part of the land holding (58%)
in the district is above the 10 ha.
Agriculture
The major crops grown in the district includes Guar, Bajra and Groundnut in Kharif and Gram,
Mustard, Cumin, Isabgol and Wheat in Rabi season. District has net irrigated area of 260604 ha which
accounted for 31% of the net sown area in the district. The major source of irrigation is ground water and
Indira Gandhi Nahar Project (IGNP).
Industries
Jaisalmer is industrially backward district and has been categorized among non industries district.
Tourism is the backbone of the district economy. The district has a number of religious, historical, natural
and archaeological places of importance to attract the national as well foreign tourist. To encourage the
tourism industry, the RTDC organizes “MARU MELA” every year in district.

8
Map of The District

9
Map of Jaisalmer District Block Wise

10
Map of Jaisalmer District Showing IGNP Canal

11
 DISTRICT PROFILE

District Profile of Jaisalmer

Area Detail Year Total Number
Total Area(in square km) 2015-16 38392
No. of Villages 2015-16 840
Total Population 2011 669919
1.Male 2011 361708
2.Female 2011 308211
Sex Ratio (Per 1000 Male) 2011 852
Total Literacy 2011 57.21
1. Male 2011 72.03
2. Female 2011 39.71
Panchayat Samiti 2011 3
Gram Panchayat 2011 140
Nagar Palika 2015-16 2
Total BPL Family 2016 28672
Total Schedule Caste Population 2011 99134
Total Schedule Tribe Population 2011 42429
Education Facilities
Number of Primary schools 2015-16 910
1.Male 2015-16 908
2.Female 2015-16 2
Number of Middle schools 2015-16 301
1.Male 2015-16 236
2.Female 2015-16 65
Number of Secondary schools 2015-16 32
1.Male 2015-16 28
2.Female 2015-16 4
Number of Senior Secondary schools 2015-16 134
1.Male 2015-16 130
2.Female 2015-16 4
Number of Colleges 2015-16 4
Number of ITI 2015-16 3
Number of DIET(District Education & Training Centre) 2015-16 5
Medical Facilities
Number of Allopathic Hospitals 2015-16 1
Number of Community Health Centre 2015-16 8

12
Number of Primary Health Centre 2015-16 24
Number of Primary Health Sub Centre 2015-16 169
Number of Dispensary 2015-16 3
Number of Allopathic Dispensary 2015-16 150
Number of Ayurvedic Hospitals 2015-16 38
Number of Ayurvedic Dispensary 2015-16 5
Number of Registered Private Medical 2015-16 3
Number of Homeopathic Hospital 2015-16 1
Number of Maternity Home 2015-16 1
108 Ambulance Service Centre 2015-16 8
Number of T.B. Clinic 2015-16 2
Transportation & Communication Facilities
Number of Post Office 2015-16 154
Number of Telegraph Office 2015-16 0
Number of Telephone connections 2015-16 4950
1. Rural 2015-16 1095
2. Urban 2015-16 3855
Mobile Connection 2015-16 56800
Total Vehicle Registration 2015-16 62522
Total Length of Road 2015-16 7371.21
B.T. Road 2015-16 6592.05
WBAM 2015-16 18.85
G.R. 2015-16 688.61
Other 2015-16 71.70
Number of Villages Connected to Road 2015-16 544
Banking facilities
Commercial Bank 2015-16 51
Rural Bank 2015-16 16
Co.Operative Bank 2015-16 08

Recreational and Cultural facilities

Number of Cinema/Video-hall 2015-16 1
Number of Sports Club 2015-16 2
Number of Stadium/Auditorium 2015-16 3
Police
Police Station 2016 17
Police Choki 2016 13
Jail 2016 2

13
 The Vision
District Jaisalmer has historically been a rainfed district where Agriculture and Animal Husbandry have
been the main sources for livelihood. Arrival of IGNP in early 1980s with its well developed network of
distributaries, minors and channels facilitated substantially shifts in acreage towards crops like cumin, Isabgol and
gram and thus raising the cropping intensity upto 121 %. IGNP led to settlement of farmers from other districts
and states in Jaisalmer district.
Second phases of irrigated farming emerged during early 1990s when tube wells started mushrooming in
central and southern parts of the district. It completely diversified the agriculture with the cultivation of irrigated
crops like Gram, Mustard, Cumin and Isabgol. The crop diversification in spices crops (Cumin and Ajwain) and
medicinal crop (Isabgol) positively supported the economy of cultivators. All theses diversifications had
horizontal spread resulting additional area under cultivation without affecting traditional rain fed farming since
availability of cultivable land has never been a constraint in this district. Sown area in the district has thus been
steadily increasing due to increase in number of tube wells.
The inclusion of the district in NHM from 2008-09 has opened new fronts for fruits and vegetables production. It
will not only supplement the farmers' income but ensure their nutritional security which has a direct bearing on
their well-being. However, marketing of fruits and vegetables is a major threat which needs to be addressed
immediately. The advent of ‘Green Revolution’ technology fulfilled the demand of food grains making the
country self-sufficient in food grain up to the beginning of the new millennium. However, this situation changed
when annual population growth of more than 2.0 % surpassed the agricultural annual growth rate of about 1.9 %
or even less. It necessitated the re-pondering over food grain production and as a result NFSM was launched.
District Jaisalmer has been covered under NFSM and Pulses.
For vast majority of the farmers in the district integrated farming system approach especially with multiple crop
husbandries in integration with one or two allied enterprise with market potential is the sure way for optimum
utilization of limited resources. It will generate sustainable income in tune with national goal ensuring food
security and exploring markets (both within and outside the country).
Within the cropping system the factor productivity has been improved by improvement in the water, energy and
labour efficiency. The emphasis would be to increase the returns per unit of output. The components, like water
productivity, energy efficiency and reduction in labour use have to be targeted along with the requirement of 4%
productivity growth rate per year. There exists high potential for increasing the yield rates of these enterprises as
the gap between present productivity and the attainable yield and potential yield is quite large in the district. In the
light of prevailing agricultural scenario (with its roots in past and head in future) the following vision of the
district was evolved through participatory methodology.

14
Vision Statement
Raising farm incomes on sustainable basis by combining crop farming with animal husbandry through a
system approach most suited to prevailing agro-eco situations of the district region and recourses available with
the farmers. The crux of the approach will necessarily be the judicious use of available water - be in rearing crops,
fodder, animals and other enterprises. In two blocks where crop farming is secondary to animal husbandry, the
approach will be of reorienting the entire farming system by emphasizing the animal husbandry components.
Priority setting for the district
The entire district has been divided into two situations i.e. (i) rain fed and (ii) irrigated. In both the situations,
different priorities are made which are listed as follows:
Rain fed
 Sand dune stabilization and management.
 Rainwater management (collection and conservation).
 Strengthening animal husbandry.
 Fodder resource management (Private and Common property resources).
 Organic farming and certification of organic produce.
 Alternate land use : Planning for wasteland.
 Enhancement of crop productivity.
Irrigated
 Intensification of existing cropping system.
 Soil health management with special emphasis to increase water holding capacity.
 Crop diversification with special reference to high value low-input requiring crops.
 Inclusion of market oriented horticulture crops with existing cropping system .
 Enhancing water use efficiency through MIS.
 INM and IPM.
 Human resource development of farmers, rural youths, farm women, other disadvantaged groups and
field staff.
 Strengthening PPP with special reference to specific agro products.
 Paradigm shift from production oriented farming to market oriented agriculture.
During 1970s and 1980s the green revolution technologies provided strong motivation to diversify crop
sector in favour of high yielding cultivars of wheat mustard and gram in Jaisalmer district. Now the attention is
being focused on organic farming and traditional trees like Khejari and Kair without losing the motivation for Oil
seed and spices. By adopting a system approach the predominant groundnut- wheat or bajra – gram/mustard
cropping system with animal has to be intensified by incorporating some new crops within the system like castor
or diversify a little towards vegetable crops, mixed cropping and multiple cropping involving other existing crops.

15
 CHAPTER-III

SWOT ANALYSIS
(STRENGTH WEAKNESS OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS)

16
 SWOT Analysis of the District
In order to capitalize on the opportunities and to convert weaknesses into opportunities we have to visualize an
alternate agricultural scenario from present to coming twenty years. In this Endeavour, an in depth analysis of
strength, weakness, opportunity and threats (SWOT) has been undertaken to place the extension and technology
dissemination efforts in perspective so that success can be achieved in pursuit of serving farming community.

A) Management of Agricultural Crops

Strengths
Rainfed Farming
 Prevalence of per capita large holdings.
 Long duration of bright sunshine hours throughout the year.
 Natural organic farming.
 Least environmental pollution.
 Traditional rich knowledge of farmer in khadins
Irrigated Farming
 Prevalence of per capita large holdings.
 Availability of canal water in some pockets.
 Soils suitable for cultivation of groundnut, spices and medicinal plants.
 Availability of agricultural institutes.
 Less incidence of fungal diseases due to dry climatic conditions.

Weaknesses
Rain fed
 Very low and erratic rain fall
 Poor soil fertility.
 Major area of district is sandy/rocky and undulating.
 Unfavorable climatic conditions for crop production.
 Poor and low quality of underground water.
 Poor socio economic conditions of cultivators.
 Improper soils health and water management practices.

17
Opportunities
 Immense scope for mixed/multiple cropping with higher income and employment generation.
 Vast opportunities prevail for profitable diversification of existing copping pattern within crops and with
non crop husbandry.
 Technologies available for sustaining natural resources health with increased efficiency of land, water and
human resource.
 Bridging yield gaps between average yield and attainable (successful farmer’s yield) and FLDs yield.
 Established and upcoming marketing, agro-processing and ware housing/godown facilities in and around
the district.
 Proper utilization of huge livestock population.
Threats
 Extremes of temperature and high wind velocity.
 All the three blocks, Jaisalmer, Sankara and Sam declared as dark zones, Jaisalmer region.
 Declining factor productivity and rising cost of cultivation especially in irrigated cropping system.
 Poor investment in agriculture sector
 Increased incidence of insect-pest and disease complex.
 Soils are deficit in micronutrient
 Biotic stress – rodents, stray animals (Blue Bull and Wild Pigs)

(B) Management of Horticulture Production

Strengths
 Favorable climate for quality date palm cultivation.
 Favorable climate for quality production of Aloe Vera, Sonamukhi, Jojoba, Isabgol, Spices (Cumin,
Coriander, Fenu Greek), Ber.
 Well established road connectivity with district headquarters.
 Long tradition of cultivating specific vegetables (Matira, Kaachri).
 Vast area under indigenous plant KAIR in Sam and Sankra blocks
Weaknesses
 Inadequate availability of quality seeds and planting material in time.
 Lack of proper knowledge of farmers of modern production, post harvest handling and marketing
practices.
 High transportation costs.
 Lack of infrastructure for fruits and vegetable collection, grading, packaging and marketing.

18
Opportunities
 Fewer incidences of diseases due to low RH.
 Increasing tourism and changing food habits with preferences towards fruits and vegetables.
 Increased institutional support.
Threats
 Frost incidence.
 Hot and desiccated winds affecting fruit crops.
 Meager high speed transport facilities to mega markets.
 Poor marketing system
 Lack of post harvest management and modern marketing facilities like cold storages/chains, pre-
cooling and waxing centers.
 Wide fluctuation in prices

C) Management of Natural Resources

Strengths
 Unique bio-diversity.
 Suitable for natural organic cultivation.
 Availability of natural and artificial catchments areas for rainwater harvesting.
 Climate and soils suitable for growing quality crops.
 Abundance of solar energy.
 Availability of mineral resources like Gypsum, Limestone and Yellow Stone.
Weaknesses
 Problem of wind erosion (loss of fertile soil).
 Depletion as well as rising water tables with salinity and water logging problem in pockets of IGNP
command area.
 Overexploitation of natural resources like Sewan grass, Phog etc.
 Lack of integrated approach on NRM, INM and IPM by the farmers.
Opportunities
 Scope for exploitation of indigenous fruits, vegetables and other crops.
 Vast rocky area can be utilized for rainwater harvesting.
 Availability of vast uncultivated cultivable waste land for cultivation.

19
Threats
 Indiscriminate usage of Irrigation water in tube well irrigated areas and soil salinity and water logging
in IGNP command area.
 Lack of proper soil and water testing (micro-nutrients and ground water quality) facilities in the
district.
 General ignorance, casual approach towards degrading soil fertility and depleting water table.

D) Management of Animal Husbandry

Strengths
 Predominant rearing of world fame Tharparkar cows.
 Sheep and goat rearing a popular enterprise among large sections of society.
 District- A home of desert ship – Camels.
 Naturally available Sewan Pasture in the district.
 Traditional expertise in cattle rearing with almost every farm house holds possessing milch animals in
varying numbers.
 Ample marketing avenues of animal based products and by products in and around the district.
Weakness
 High mortality and poor growth in calves.
 Infertility and delayed calving.
 Repeat breeding and long calving interval.
 Low milk yield in cows and buffaloes.
 Lack of proper management and feeding practices.
 Unavailability of quality green fodder.
Opportunity
 Growing demand for milk and other animal based products offers ready markets with higher returns
and additional employment generation.
 Bridging milk yield gaps.
 Large sheep population for carpet wool and meat purpose.
 Scope for commercialization of camel milk and its products.
 Upcoming processing and exporting firms to provide additional fillip to various animal based allied
activities.
 Tremendous scope to rise on farm employment, income and increased availability of organic manure.

20
Threats
 None descript poor graded bulls used for natural insemination.
 Degradation of pastures due to improper management.
 Incidence of new diseases in camel.
 Maintaining traditional sheep and goat rearing methods.
 Frequent occurrence of diseases in sheep and goat.
 Incidence of deficiency diseases in cattle.
 Decreasing naturally available pastures due to developmental activity.

21
 CHAPTER-IV

DEVELOPMENT OF
AGRICULTURE SECTOR

22
INTRODUCTION

District Jaisalmer, the wonderland in Thar was given an independent status of a district on 6 th October,
1949. It is the largest district of Rajasthan and one of the largest in the country with an area of 38,392 sq. kms
(3839154 ha). The breadth (East-West) of the district is 270 kms. & the length of the district (North - South) is
186 kms. The density of population is only 13 persons per sq.km. As against the state average of 165 persons per
sq. km. Though it forms the major part of the Great Indian Desert "Thar", yet it is on the international map of
tourism. Sand Dunes of ‘Sam’ and ‘Khuri’ region along with Camel Safari are of great interest and ‘Patwa
Haveli’ (famous for its carving) & Golden Fort (Living fort) not only at national level but also at International
level in Tourism sector for desert Sightseeing. This is one of the major sources of livelihood in the
Jaisalmer.Besides, it has developed as a district of tremendous importance due to the presence of:-

1. Indira Gandhi Canal Project.

2. Very Rich Mineral Resources including oil & gas.
3. Gas Turbine Power Plant.
4. Tourism, Art & Culture. 5. Wind Mills.

23
 Agriculture has been and is a way of life in India. More than 60% of the population still inhabitants in
villages. Agriculture holds an important position in Indian economy with its roughly 14 percent share in Grass
Domestic Product and employing 58 per cent of the total work force. For meeting its burgeoning requirement of
population the country will require to produce 320 million tonnes of food grains by 2025 from the current level of
about 213 million tonnes. The productivity gain achieved in post green revolution era through adoption of HYVs
and Technology Mission programmes has seemed to be plateau. This deceleration in the level of productivity of
both food and non-food crops does not auger well in terms of food security, exports, growth and poverty
alleviation in the country. A further intensification in agriculture is therefore imperative through technological
interventions followed up with appropriate extension services so as to increase productivity and maintain
production in line with population growth with a sustainable income to the farmers. Major ecological and other
problems withstanding, there is hardly any option available (to the farmers of Jaisalmer district inclusive) but to
increase production and productivity of not only of food grains but other agro-produces also. Agriculture is
emerging as the core sector of Jaisalmer district’s economy. The farmers harvest different crops of food, fodder
and commercial value with 146 percent of cropping intensity. About half of rural work force is directly or
indirectly engaged in farming with a sizeable percentage working as artisans and allied agro-industries (medium,
small and cottage) workers.
Land use
The average net area sown in the district over preceding three years is about 7.02 lakh ha with further scope for
expansion. The forest cover and land under pastures is also significant providing ample opportunities for further
developmental plans. Cultivable waste land is an additional feature is district’s cap that can be brought under
plough by applying latest technologies of farming. The average size of holding of majority of farmers stands at 10
ha which provides us an opportunity to plan some sizable projects for district Jaisalmer. Small and marginal
farmers are negligible.
The traditional as well as high tech farming are going simultaneously as some innovative farmers are adopting
techniques like micro-irrigation, fertigation, farm mechanisation in addition to growing high value crops. The
large size of operational holdings may be harnessed to get momentum with major opportunities arising in non
farm, agro-processing, agro-trading and retailing sectors in and around the district. The educational and training
needs of rural youths are to be catered to meet this arising sector’s demand for trained and skilled personnel.
Although district Jaisalmer is still going through horizontal expansion of agriculture with more and more tube
wells emerging every year, vertical expansion of cultivation with multi-cropping and wide scale adoption of non-
land enterprises (or using comparative less land) is an important issue to be pondered over while planning since it
is one of the viable options for farmers. For this, capacity building, skill up gradation and entrepreneurship
development programmes are being recommended in the plan. At the same time popularisation of new crops (e.g.

24
castor, short duration vegetable crops etc.), multi cropping, mixed cropping with emphasis on better resource and
crop management are proposed here through improved varieties, INM, IPM and other demonstrations on
comparatively greater scale.

Soil and Water Resources Management

Availability of large holdings in the district is handicapped by less availability of irrigation water. Although the
district is penultimate biggest in Rajasthan, sandy, undulated and less fertile soils with least inherent organic
matter draw special attention of the planners. The neglect of composting, imbalance, non-judicious application of
nutrients and chemicals, taking its toll on soil and water resources of the district. The majority of the soils in the
district are low in organic carbon, available nitrogen, phosphorous, potash, zinc and iron which are affecting the
production and productivity of the crops as well as animals in the district.

25
Table 4.1: Land Utilisation Statistics of Jaisalmer district (preceding 3 years average)
S. Total Gross Net sown Net sown more Cropping Area under Area under Area under
Block
No. geographical area cropped area area than one time intensity forest wasteland other uses
1 Jaisalmer 2452211 419536 304201 115893 137.91 15909 290180 114883
2 Sam 435234 147177 99860 9395 147.38 3567 22365 38814
3 Sankra 951709 460601 298415 53811 154.35 7924 63181 126547
Total 3839154 1027314 702476 179099 146.24 27400 375726 280244

26
 As far as water resource is concerned the district owns Indira Gandhi canal. Over past years, the area
under tube well irrigation is increasing at a much faster pace than the increase in area by canals. Irregular and
insufficient water supply by canals and erratic power supply to the tube wells even at critical stages of crop
production remains a major problem of the district.
The problem affecting the tube well irrigation in three blocks of Jaisalmer, Sam and Sankara belt is of alarmingly
depleting water table with exorbitant cost to farmers. The tube wells are becoming defunct and cost much more.
All three blocks have come under dark zone. Again in most of this region, after a certain depth, and after certain
period the ground water is reportedly not of good quality. This water when applied non-judiciously over a period
of time causes salinity and brings down crop productivity.
The canal belt faces different types of problems. Scanty rains in catchments areas of Pong Dam in Himanchal
Pradesh are constantly causing less availability of water in canal resulting un-assured crop conditions. This short
supply of water in canal has caused steep crop diversifications such as shifts from cash crops like cotton to
traditional crop guar.
The proper developments of land and water resources are the pre condition for raising productivity to the desired
level on sustainable basis. Thus, both of the regions are in dire need of corrective measure on large scale. The
specific works of rain water harvesting, and sub-surface water drainage are needed to be undertaken on priority.
Education of farmers on conjunctive use of available water with increased water use efficiency through
propagating different water conservation and micro irrigation techniques is a timely step in right direction. Due
attention has been paid towards these major problems of the district in C-DAP. Special projects on soil health
maintenance and rain water harvest are proposed. To tackle the problem of non-judicious use of fertilizer-
chemicals (ignoring the desired ratio and application of needed micro-nutrients) site and crop specific INM
demonstrations are proposed along with educating farmers on RCTs and other related issues. Special emphasis
has been given towards water harvesting on Panchayat/ common land for the benefit of farming community as a
whole.
Major crops and varieties
Agro-climatically a number of crops can be grown in Jaisalmer district but major portion of cultivable land is
occupied by bajra , moth, guar during kharif and wheat, gram and mustard during rabi season. The significant
area shift towards these crops reflects their respective profitability and ease with which these crops can be
cultivated as per land suitability. These existing crops and varieties are mostly been cultivated without due
attention to crop-rotation, and non-cash practices and system approach which help in resource conservation,
control of diseases, insect-pest and lowering cost of cultivation and stabilizing yields. Farmers are also sowing
some non-descript varieties and varieties not recommended for to this region which is certainly a factor for lower
productivity. Some other crops which can be equally profitable and easily adjusted in existing cropping pattern
27
are being ignored by farmers on account of lack of proper knowledge, risk, uncertainty and poor yields. All these
issues are proposed to be tackled in the plan through conducting trainings, demonstrations, and other extension
activities mentioned under recommended interventions for the district.
Table 4.2: Crops and varieties recommended for district Jaisalmer.
Crops Varieties
Wheat Raj-1482, Raj-3777, Raj-3077, Raj-3765, Raj-4083, Raj-4120, WH 147, Raj-4037
Gram GNG 469, GNG 663, RSG 888, RGS 945, RSG 807, RSG963, GNG 1581
Barley RD 2035, RD2508, RD2715
Mustard Pusa bold, Lakshmi, Kranti, Arawali and RH30, Pusa Jaikishan, RGN-487
Groundnut HNG 10, TG 37 A, TBG 39, CHANDRA, M-13
Bajra RHB 121, HHB 67, HHB60, ICMH356, P506
Moth RMO 40, RMO 225, RMO 435 RMO 257
Guar RGC 936, RGC 986, RGC1017, H75, RGC 1002, RGC 1003, RGC 197, RGC 1066 RGC
1031

Input Management
Besides land and water, proper input management holds the key to production and productivity of the crops. In the
face of rising cost of inputs, declining factor productivity and diminishing farm profitability emphasis will have to
be on the efficient and judicious use of improved seeds, integrated nutrient management, integrated weed and pest
management to accelerate agricultural growth. At present, there exists a big gap between the actual yield and the
attainable/ potential yield of the crops in the district. Proper input management is imperative to fill this gap. All
the three inputs are being made available to the farmers both through cooperative and private sector. There is a
lack of network of input sale outlets (Table 4.3). One of the most critical input is quality seed. Another related
aspect is of seed availability which is badly affected by infrastructural non-availability and any large seed
production involving farmers in the district. The government agencies assure the supply of different quality seeds
during each season but the demand for quality seed always remain more than its supply especially through
Government agencies.
Table 4.3: Input outlets in district Jaisalmer

S.No. Block Outlets (Seed, Fertilizers & Pesticides)

1 Jaisalmer 74
2 Sam 21
3 Sankara 26
Total 121

28
The private sector should be welcomed in this area to ensure availability of quality seed and increased seed
replacement rate. The seed replacement rate varies from just 2 percent in case of Guar to nearly 95 percent in case
of mustard as shown in Table 4.4. The poor percentage of seed replacement in kharif crops are due to poor rainfall
as more than 80 per cent area is under rain fed cropping. The most important crops of the district viz. bajra and
guar in kharif and Gram, mustard and wheat in Rabi are having only 3% to 18% of seed replacement rate which
is recommended to be at least 33% excluding mustard having 95 % SRRs. The availability of seed and its
enhanced replacement rate can be ensured by involving farmers in seed production process on a large scale with
active help from public and private sector. Farmers participatory seed production programmes, extension
activities and varietals demonstrations etc. are being proposed for management of this prime input. Special
projects for production of quality seed of wheat involving farmer is being submitted in the plan.
Table 4.4: Seed replacement rate (SRR) in Jaisalmer district.
Kharif
SN Name of the Av. Area under Crop (ha) Present SRR (%)
1 Crop
Guar 541500 2.04
2 Bajra 92333 32.74
3 Groundnut 15833 11.05
4 Castor 5666 90.00

Rabi
SN Name of the Crop Av. Area under Crop (ha) Present SRR (%)
5 Wheat 22500 25.74
6 Gram 160000 5.40
7 Mustard 81500 95.00
Source: Deptt. of Agriculture, Jaisalmer

Fertilizer is another crucial input for the cultivation of present day regime of high yielding varieties/crop
production. There should be an effective distribution system for fertilizers in the district right up to the village
level. The farmers are well aware but not educated enough about the balanced fertilizer-nutrient usage in different
crops. They are concentrating mainly on application of nitrogenous, phosphates and zinc fertilizers where as the
deficiency of potash and micro-nutrients is affecting the yield and productivity of crops in most parts of the
district. There are one soil testing lab in district Jaisalmer where soil samples are tested for primary and micro
nutrients. Water samples are also tested in this laboratory. Farmers also need awareness regarding usage of potash
and micronutrients for enhanced productivity with quality without affecting soil health. For facilitating potashic
29
and other micro-nutrient application, the supply and distribution of these inputs is to be ensured in time. Location
specific integrated nutrient management, bio fertilizers, FYM and vermi-composting, farm residues management
etc. are to be popularised for wider adoption under the plan through trainings, demonstrations and other activities
and programmes.
The crop diseases, pests and weeds are other major problems in realizing optimum yield for all major crops in the
district. The scrutiny of insect- pest, and diseases measures being adopted by the farmers reveal gross negligence
on part of farmers. The improper management of these control measures increased cost of cultivation without
corresponding increase in yield and quality, increased resistance and soil and water contaminations. Urgent steps
are required to be taken for promoting integrated measures for control of insect/pest, disease and weeds control
which are in tune with sustainability and profitability concepts.
For effective management of crucial inputs of fertilizer-nutrients and agro-chemicals for increased yields and
productivity while maintaining natural resource’s health, programmes for educating framers planning for soil
testing , IPM and INM demonstrations and farmers field schools are being proposed in the plan.
A numbers of farmers are willing to opt for organic farming. Keeping in view the market opportunities, better
management of bio-mass, deteriorating soil health and integrated approach of farming, this can be a better option
for willing farmers in the district. Besides extension activities, establishing well equipped soil and water testing
lab, seed and fertilizer testing facility, agri-poly clinics and organic produce certification facilities can go a long
way in the development of this sector. For development of this concept the increased acreage is being proposed to
bring under organic farming under field and vegetable crops. Here, it is suggested that a certification lab for
organic produce needed to be established in the region as the trends are showing increased interest of people
towards organically produced products.

Farm Mechanisation
The management of agriculture production system essentially involves effective management of timely
completion of production operations. The use of mechanical power is thus becoming indispensable for making an
optimal use of other resources and timely completion of various farm operations. Earlier the farm mechanisation
has been essentially a tractorization process in Jaisalmer district. However, with the introduction of various other
farm equipments, the number of threshers, groundnut diggers, chaff cutters, seed drills, disc ploughs etc are on the
increase in district as shown in table 4.5. In view of the increased demand of farm machinery, to meet the future
demand of agricultural machinery (especially the costly one) it should be substantially subsidised and made
affordable for even small farmers either by purchase or by custom hiring.

30
Table 4.5: Availability of Improved Farm Equipments and Machineries
Name of Availability of Equipments and Machineries Total Improved Farm
Improved Implement / Equipment
Farm / Machinery available
Implement / Jaisalmer Sam Sankara Total District in District
Equipment /
Machinery Nos. Farmers Nos Farmers Nos. Farmers Nos. Farmers Nos. No. of Farmers
.
Tractors 2417 2417 762 762 3452 3452 5963 5963 5963 5963
Harvester 7 7 5 5 - - 12 12 12 12
Thresher 193 193 72 72 97 97 362 362 362 362
Spray 3414 3284 1915 1895 715 698 6044 5877 6044 5877
Pump set 945 945 542 542 75 75 1562 1562 1562 1562
Solar Pump 556 556 189 189 456 456 1201 1201 1201 1201

31
On-Going Schemes and Special projects/programmes in the district.
There are various special projects/ programme being implemented in Jaisalmer district by Agriculture and line
departments. The details of the schemes being run in the district are mentioned in table 4.6.

Table 4.6: Ongoing schemes in district Jaisalmer

Sr.No. Name of the scheme Sector
AGRICULTURE
1. National Food Security Mission-Pulses Central
2. Nationam Mission for Oilseed and Oilpalm (NMOOP) Central
3. Agriculture Technology management Agency Central
4. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojna (PMKSY) Central
5. Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH) Central
6. Sub Mission For Agriculture Mechanisation (SMAM) Central
7. Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana/ NADP Central
8. National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA) Central
9. Parampragat Krishi Vikas Yojna (PKVY) Central
KRISHI VIGYANA KENDRA
1. Farmers/ field staff trainings & other extension activities Central
2. Conducting FLDs, OFTs & adaptive trails Central

Existing Institutional Mechanism

The present institutional mechanism in Government sector is centralised in nature with Top-down
approach. This approach focuses on individual commodities/enterprises rather than on a holistic/ integrated
approach. The involvement of stakeholders is rather restricted in this ad-hoc mechanism where farmers are
considered as receivers of benefits rather than as responsible persons who can influence the productions process.
The public extension system is supply driven rather than demand driven.

The institutional mechanism and conceptual frame work of Government sector extension is being
gradually transformed under the aegis of Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) in the district.
The impact of this transformation is yet to be seen in the actual working of different Government departments and
others involved in it.

32
Constraints analysis and Recommended Interventions for Development of Agriculture
sector

Sustainability issues and gap analysis of productivity of different crops and resources
The yield gap analysis of major crops and enterprises was completed by TSI (CAZRI,RRS Jaisalmer) and
Agriculture department resource team by identifying different farming situations under which a crop or an
enterprise is being grown in the district. The study of the existing practices was followed by identifying critical
gaps by comparing the existing practices being adopted by the farmers with recommended practices. The factors
and/ or constraints leading to the gaps were arrived at before finalizing the strategies along with approaches and
methodology to overcome the constraints and bridging the gaps. Thereafter the performance indicators and
sustainability output were indicated to ensure time bound action and impact assessment. Afterwards the
sustainability and gap analysis issues were sorted out in a log frame summary indicating proposed mode of action,
collaborations/targets along with the costs involved in addressing the issues critical for increasing productivity
with sustainability.
Constraints for backwardness and issues impeding growth
The major obstacles affecting the progress and productivity of the district as identified by participatory approach
are as follows:
 Scanty and Capricious rainfall.
 Poor fertility and low water holding capacity of soil.
 Availability of limited assured irrigation.
 Emphasis on single commodity/ crop approach rather than farming system approach
 Depleting soil fertility.
 Indiscriminate use of little availability water causing declining underground water table.
 Non-judicious use of fertilizers and chemicals.
 Rising costs and diminishing economic returns.
 Decline in factor productivity.
 Shift in weed flora.
 Inadequate availability of quality seeds (including vegetables).
 Low productivity and poor management in large and small ruminants.
 Farmers’ traditional tendency to save rather than invest.
 Personal and social outlook.
 Lack of farm finance and marketing awareness.
 Lack of Public Private Partnership.

33
 Table: 4.7(a) : Taluk wise Yield Gap Analysis of major crops

Taluk wise Yield Gap Analysis (Rabi Crops)

Average yield (kg/ha) Yield gap % Reasons for GAP in
Name of (with yield
crops / respect to
Commod Block Distri State Frontline
ct Demonstrat FLD )
ity
ion
Jaisalmer 1393 2250 38.09
WHEAT

Sam (Fategarh) 1393 2300 39.43 Imbalance use of

Sankara(Pokar 1395 2650 47.36 fertilizer, Poor SRR,
an) lacking sowing schedule
Total District 1393 3753 2450 43.14
Jaisalmer 807 850 5.06
MUSTARD

Sam (Fategarh) 900 910 1.10 Imbalance use of

Sankara(Pokar 773 900 14.11 fertilizer, Poor SRR,
an) lacking sowing schedule
Total District 825 1737 905 8.84
Jaisalmer 895 950 5.79
Sam (Fategarh) 750 1150 34.78 Imbalance use of
GRAM

Sankara(Pokar 845 900 6.11 fertilizer, Poor SRR,

an) lacking sowing schedule
Total District 860 1228 1100 21.82
Jaisalmer 500 550 9.09
CUMIN

Sam (Fategarh) 600 620 3.23

Sankara(Pokar 596 600 0.67
an)
Total District 565 215 600 5.83
Jaisalmer 700 750 6.67
ISABGOL

Sam (Fategarh) 800 850 5.88

Sankara(Pokar 484 500 3.20
an)
Total District 650 256 700 7.14

34
Table: 4.7(b) Taluk wise Yield Gap Analysis (Kharif) Crops
Average yield (kg/ha) Yield gap % Reasons for GAP in
Name of (with respect yield
crops / to FLD )
Commodi Block Distri State Frontline
ty ct Demonstrati
on
Jaisalmer 453 - 750 65.56
Sam 470 - 560 19.15 Imbalance use of
BAJRA

(Fategarh) fertilizer, Poor SRR,

Sankara(Pokar 357 - 490 37.25 lacking sowing
an) schedule
Total District 383 886 850 121.93
Jaisalmer 316 - 750 137.34
Sam 261 - 575 120.31 Imbalance use of
GUAR

(Fategarh) fertilizer, Poor SRR,

Sankara(Pokar 143 - 525 267.13 lacking sowing
an) schedule
Total District 260 363 600 130.77
Jaisalmer 600 - 800 33.33
Sam 650 - 830 27.69 Imbalance use of
MUNG

(Fategarh) fertilizer, Poor SRR,

Sankara(Pokar 476 - 790 65.97 lacking sowing
an) schedule
Total District 624 432 825 32.21
Jaisalmer 463 - 590 27.43
Sam 463 - 550 18.79
MOTH

(Fategarh)
Sankara(Pokar 462 - 560 21.21
an)
Total District 463 310 550 18.79
Jaisalmer 1200 - 1350 12.50
GROUNDNUT

Sam 1600 - 1800 12.50

(Fategarh)
Sankara(Pokar 1406 - 1600 13.80
an)
Total District 1369 1966 1750 27.83
Jaisalmer 600 - 900 50.00
Sam 1000 - 1450 45.00
CASTOR

(Fategarh)
Sankara(Pokar 876 - 990 13.01
an)
Total District -

35
Sustainability issues and gap analysis of productivity of different crops and resources
Table 4.8 Sustainability issues in different crops and resources.
S.No. Crop- Factors/constraints Strategies/mode Collaboration/target Sustainability Cost /
activities/Gap leading to gap of action output Expenditure

Bajra
1 Low yielding Non adoption of Popularization of ARS / KVK and 25 % increased Specific
varieties improved varieties High yielding Department of in yield projects are
due to rainfed Composite Agriculture expected from
conditions varieties RAU.
2 Organic Non availability of Training, ARS / KVK and Increased in To be sought
cultivation organic package and demonstration Department of yield and in special
practices. Lack of and campaign on Agriculture quality product projects under
knowledge of organic and RKVY
certification process. cultivation and certification
certification
Guar
1 Poor SRR Lack of good Massive seed ARS / KVK / RSSC / 10 % increase Seed sector
quality seed at a production Private sector and in yield can be
reasonable price. programmes at Department of expected. subsidized
farmers fields. Agriculture. under NFSM.
Awareness
amongst the
farmers to sow
certified seed.
2 Low adoption of Being a raifed crop, To popularize ARS / KVK and Local agro To be
seed treatment highly risky to practice of seed Department of industry incurred in
invest. No proper treatment for Agriculture depends on its on-going
sowing schedule maintaining crop production schemes
health and
vigour.
3 Non- adoption of Being a raifed crop, Capacity ARS / KVK and Increase in To be
package and highly risky to building in Department of productivity in incurred in
practices invest. No proper organic Agriculture. organic on-going
sowing schedule cultivation cultivation schemes
Encourage FYM
use.
4 Non adoption of Low awareness Popularization of ARS / KVK and Ten percent Through IPM
IPM practices IPM practices Department of growth in area schemes.
Agriculture. under IPM
every year.

5 Low Yielding Non-adoption of More research on ARS / KVK and Higher yields Projects are
varieties HYV, Non HYV for rainfed Department of can be expected to
availability of HYV. area needed. Agriculture, CAZRI, realized. be submitted
All varieties are for RRS, Jaisalmer. by RAU
rainfed conditions under RKVY.

36
 Groundnut

1 Non availability Non availability of Research needed ARS / KVK and 10 % yield Projects are
of Branded and HYV suitable to this to evolve Department of every year expected to
Specific varieties district. Spreading type Agriculture. be submitted
HYVs suitable by RAU
for this area. under RKVY.
2 Pests and Collar rot and root To popularize ARS / KVK and Upto 20 % To be
diseases rot practice of seed Department of yield increase incurred in
treatment and Agriculture can be on-going
IPM sustained. schemes

3 Non-adoption of Traditional way of Capacity ARS / KVK and Higher yields To be

package of cultivation. building of Department of and better incurred in
practice Ignorance on Extension Agriculture. quality on-going
package of functionaries and produce can be schemes
practices. Very late farmers attained
response to any
technical advice.
4 Poor nutrient Soils deficient in Capacity ARS / KVK / Private 10% increase Special
management. micronutrients building of sector and in area under project under
especially ferrous. Extension Department of integrated RKVY
Low awareness functionaries and Agriculture. nutrient
about INM farmers management
practices
5 Low adoption of Farmers prone to Capacity ARS / KVK and 10% increase To be covered
proper and timely chemical usages due building of Department of in area under under Pests
plant protection to easy application. Extension Agriculture. integrated and Diseases.
measures Low awareness functionaries and nutrient
especially IPM about IPM farmers management
practices
Wheat
1 Lack of location Non availability Required ARS / ICAR / KVK 20 % growth Projects are
specific early research and and Department of in yield every expected to
maturing varietal testing Agriculture. year be submitted
varieties by RAU
under RKVY.

2 Lesser adoption Termites To popularize ARS / KVK and Higher yields To be

of seed practice of seed Department of and quality incurred in
treatment treatment for Agriculture. gains. on-going
maintaining schemes
optimum plant
population.

Mustard
1 Low adoption Low awareness and Capacity ARS / KVK and 10% increase To be
of nutrient farmers slackness building of Department of in area under incurred in
management Extension Agriculture integrated on-going
practices functionaries and nutrient schemes
farmers management
practices

37
2 Low adoption Low awareness about Capacity ARS / KVK and 10% increase To be
of pest IPM building of Department of in area under incurred in
management Extension Agriculture. integrated pest on-going
practices functionaries and management schemes
farmers practices

Gram
1 Availability of Lack of good Motivate the ARS / KVK / RSSC / 10% increase Seed sector
good quality quality seed at a farmers to sow Private sector and in yield can be can be
seed reasonable price. certified seed. Department of sustained. subsidized
Massive seed Agriculture. under NFSM
production
programmes at
farmers fields.
2 Poor Nutrient Soils are poor in Training of the ARS / KVK and 10% increase To be
management Zinc, Ferrous and farmers and Department of in yield can be incurred in
Copper. Low extension Agriculture. sustained. on-going
awareness about functionaries. schemes
specific symptoms Motivation of
of nutritional farmers to go for
deficiencies. Regular Soil
Testing.
3 Non adoption No due importance Training and ARS / KVK / Private 100% seed To be
of seed is given demonstration, sector and treatment incurred in
treatment campaign, Department of on-going
provision of input Agriculture. schemes

3 Lack of insect Low awareness of Trainings ARS / KVK and Pest damages To be
pest IPM. Total demonstrations and Department of can be reduced incurred in
management dependence on capacity building of Agriculture. to considerable on-going
chemicals. farmers and low level. schemes
extension workers

38
Recommended interventions for the district, with detailed Action Plan with costs.

On the basis of the comprehensive analysis of the prevailing farming scenarario the comprehensive package of
research and extension projects and, site specific extension activities are given hare in . These programmes /
activities are vital for increasing farm income, productivity and employment. The main ingredients of package
are:

AGRICULTURE
Specific Projects
The specific projects proposed herein are aimed at achieving the projected growth rate of 4% in agriculture sector.
Each project is meant to provide inputs to the growth in that specific area as extension activities alone can not
sustain growth for long. These projects will provide support base to other activities. Farmers today are more
interested in short term gains and make shift solutions. Through these projects long term issues will be addressed
along with catering to the immediate needs.

1. Massive seed production programme

2. Fencing at Farmer’s field.

3. Pasture development

4. Organic produce certification

5. Guar varietal improvement

6. Public Private Partnership Mode

7. Evaluation of soil fertility status

39
Project 1: Massive Seed Production Projects for achieving desired Seed Replacement Ratio
(SRR)
(i) Gram
1. Current seed replacement ratio = 5.40 %
2. Desired seed replacement ratio (at the end of 2019-20) = 10.4 %
3. Certified seed availability = 8140 qtls.
4. Additional certified seed required (as per desired seed replacement rate) = 16280 qtls
5. Total villages selected from the district = 60
6. Area to be brought under gram seed production programme
From each selected village (at the end of 2019-20) = 1800
7. Total area covered in the district (at the end of 2019-20) = 18000 ha
8. Foundation seed to be supplied to the farmers for seed
Production (at the end of 2019-20) = 10800 q
9. Expected cost of foundation seed (Rs. / qt.) = 12000
10. Cost of seed production per ha = Rs. 29450
Cost of seed production of gram
Description 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Area (ha) 4000 6000 8000 18000
Foundation seed required (qts.) 2400 3600 4800 10800
Total cost 1178 1767 2356 5301
Estimated Produce @12.0 q/ha 48000 72000 96000 216000
Financial Requrt. (Rs.in lakhs)* 942.40 1413.60 1884.80 4240.8
* includes cost of seed, fertilizers, IPM , cultural practices & extension activities
Note : Farmer share is proposed to be 20 % of the total cost per ha.

40
Project No 2: Farm fencing to check biotic stresses
Goal : To ensure and increase productivity and reduction in crop losses.
Purpose: To save the crop from stray animals.
Project cost (Unit 6.25 hectare): Approximately 1000 m running length.
Cost of fencing material =Rs. 4.5 lakhs

Labour and other expenditure =Rs. 50000/-

Total cost / Unit =Rs.5.00 lakhs

Cost of farm fencing during five year

Component 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total

Area (Running length m) 80000 100000 120000 300000

Total Cost (Rs. in Lakhs) 400 500 600 1500
Funds required (Rs. in
200 250 300 750
Lakhs)
Maximum ceiling of fencing 1000 m running length per farmer
Note : Farmer share is proposed to be 50 % of the total cost per ha.
Project Outcome:
Farm fencing will save the crops from stray animals and thereby save the losses up to
10-20 % caused by these animals not only by eating the crop but damaging it.

41
Project No.3: Pasture development on own and CPRs (Orans / gochars) and along with IGNP.

The economy of the farmers of Jaisalmer district is mainly dependent on animals. The drought and famine is a
common feature in this area. The fodder scarcity always remains and during this period the animals depend on
the fodder supplied from out side sources .This fodder is of very poor quality and availability is also very less and
irregular. Therefore, the animals are suffering from the fodder scarcity almost every year. The state govt also
spend a lot of money on the purchase of fodder. Therefore there is an urgent need to establish and regenerate the
pastures which are now days in denuded condition. The large area with the farmers , common property resources
with villages and Orans and Gochars and a large areas along with the IGNP is lying which can be developed as a
live fodder banks and may be helpful to provide the fodder for animals during the drought and famines.
Goals : Ensuring availability of quality fodder at farmers door step
Purpose:
 Insurance against drought for fodder supply
 Improvement in animal health
 Increasing milk and meat productivity.
Cost of pasture development per hectare:
1. Fencing of area = Rs. 1,00,000/-
2. Cost of seed (5 KG) = Rs. 1500/-
3. Land preparation and sowing = Rs. 4000
4. Fertilizer = Rs. 3000
5. Misc. expenditure = Rs. 1500
6. Total cost = Rs. 1,10,000/-
Project cost for development of pasture in Jaisalmer district

Component 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total

Area (ha) Oran/Gochar/CPRs 200 200 200 600
Cost (Rs. in Lakhs) Oran/ Gochar 220 220 220 660

PIA: PRI
Outcome of the project:
Availability of nutritious grasses will lead to higher milk production of the animals and help in
achieving the target of 150000 litres of milk per annum against the present production of 105000
litres per annum in district Jaisalmer.

42
Project 4: Certification of the Organic production process (OPP)

Since agriculture in Jaisalmer district is predominantly rain fed and farmers hardly apply any chemical
fertilizer or pesticide, crop produce is itself organic in nature. However, farmers are not able to realize the
fair prices of this organic produce only because of certification. They are not even aware of any such
mechanism which can fetch them higher prices for their organic farm produce. They need this awareness as
well as a certification mechanism. Therefore a special project is being proposed here to facilitate and
financially help the farmers of this district to get proper certification of their organic produce. Financial
support from the project is essential as the majority of the farmers lack cash reserves with them. The outcome
of the project will be beneficial to both the cultivators as well as the consumers. To develop Internal Control
System and to prepare required documents help of NGO’s is proposed.
Goal : To motivate and help farmers in getting their organically produced farm products certified
Purpose: 1. To provide remunerative prices to the cultivators for their organic produce.
2. To provide quality farm produce to the consumers.
Cost of the Project (Rs./ha.)
1. Cost to develop ICS (Internal Control System) = 1000
2. Registration Fee: = 3000
3. Inspection Fee: = 4000
4. TA/DA : = 3000
5. Capacity building and Miscellaneous Charges: = 5000
6. Total: = 16000
Year wise Plan and budget requirement for cortication
Component 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total

Area to be covered under certification* 500 500 500 2500

Cost (Rs.in lakhs) 80.00 80.00 80.00 400.00
Funds required (Rs.in lakhs) 60.00 60.00 60.00 300.00
*100 ha per block per year
Note : Farmer share is proposed to be 25 % of the total cost.
Project outcome:
Certification will increase the market price of the produce by 25-35 %. It will enhance the income of the
farmer by 25-35 %.

43
Project No. 5: Development of high yielding guar genotypes for sustainable production in Jaisalmer district
Cost of Project: 295 lakhs
Implementing Agency: CAZRI, RRS, Jaisalmer
Name of PI: Dr. Dileep Kumar Dangi, Senior Scientist
Background and Genesis of Project
Guar is one of the most important crops of Jaisalmer district and more than 70 per cent Kharif area is being
covered by guar alone. Besides sizeable acreage (5.42 lakh ha) under guar the production and productivity is
fluctuating over the years from less than 10 kg/ha to 400 kg/ha in Jaisalmer. Since, the rainfall is very less
(165 mm only) and distribution is uneven and erratic hence productivity of guar is very low. But guar is only
the crop, providing substantial grain yield under such hostile condition. Farmers are growing traditional/local
genotypes of guar which are long duration and poor yielding. A number of guar varieties have been
developed which are suitable for specific agro-eco-situations and are not as such suitable for rainfed situation
of Jaisalmer. As Jaisalmer district have very less rainfall and poor soils and hence needs location specific
genotypes of guar for sustainable rainfed production. Therefore, development of short duration and high
yielding genotypes of guar suitable for rainfed situation of Jaisalmer is needed to increase the productivity.
Further, irrigation facilities are prevailing and expanding day by day and farmers are growing groundnut
during summer which takes more than 6 month and farmers are applying 25-30 irrigations. Hence, creating
threat for depletion of underground water and increasing salinity problems also. But there is no
recommended variety and package of practices for summer cultivation of guar. Therefore, special attention is
required for development of varieties and package of practices for summer guar cultivation in the district.
Objectives:
 Development of short duration and high yielding genotypes of guar for rainfed situation.
 Identification of guar genotypes suitable for summer cultivation.
 Development and fine tuning of package of practices for summer as well rainfed cultivation.

Methodology/Technical Programme
1. Screening and evaluation of guar genotypes under rainfed situation of Jaisalmer (First two year).
2. Evaluation of released varieties of guar during summer for their suitability and potential cultivation in
summer season (First two year).
3. Standardization and fine tuning of package of practices for higher productivity under irrigated as well as
rainfed conditions (Third & fourth year)

44
Expected output
 Improved varieties can provide 15-20 per cent increased yield hence 40-50 kg increase in productivity
from present yield of 127 kg/ha. Thus we may obtain 1,45,000 to 1,80,000 extra guar productivity from
same area of 598611.
 Further, 10000 ha projected area under summer cultivation may provide 40,000 quintal guar production
(@ 400 kg/ha) with in 100 days.

These intervention may provide approximately 20,000 tons of extra guar production and will certainly not
only increase the income of farmer but also provide scope for guar gum industry and employment generat.
Project- 6. Survey, Monitoring and Evaluation
The constant monitoring and evaluation is the key for setting need based area specific priorities. The agenda
for future extension and research action should compulsorily be based on seasonal assessment of different
agricultural phenomena in the district. The season based performance assessment will result into cost
savings, eliminating uneconomical and low performing technologies, practices affecting the productivity.
Year wise financial requirement for survey, monitoring and evaluation of projects

SN Survey, assessment, monitoring and evaluation of Financial requirement (in lacs)

2017-18 2018-19 2019-20
1 Technologies and practices affecting the productivity 5.0 5.0 5.0

2 Yield performances of crops and varieties 5.0 5.0 5.0

3 Adoption pattern of crucial technologies across the 5.0 5.0 5.0

regions and catagories of farmers

4 Incidence and occurrence of insect, pest and weeds 5.0 5.0 5.0

5 Resistance development and sustainability issues 5.0 5.0 5.0

7 Economics of crops , crop rotations and farming 5.0 5.0 5.0

systems
8 Economic and social progress 5.0 5.0 5.0
TOTAL 40.0 40.0 40.0

45
Project 7: Public Private Partnership

The following specific project of agriculture sector is proposed to be implemented in PPP mode;
1. Development of pastures
2. Monitoring and evaluation
In addition to the above mentioned projects other extension activities are also proposed to be organised /
conducted on PPP mode:
1. Capacity building of FAC members and FFS. Minimum 30 participants.
2. Capacity building and support of local manufacturers of agriculture implements and plant protection
equipments at block level. Minimum 30 participants
Requirement of Budget for the above mentioned training and capacity building activities :
Activity by NGO Unit
/ Private Agency
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Trainings
Physical No. 10 10 10 30
Financial Rs. In Lac 1.5 1.5 1.5 4.50
Project: 8: Evaluation of fertility status of the soils.

Objective: To make available the soil testing kits to field staff.

Goal : To provide soil testing kits to all AOs, AAOs and AS to analyze soil samples at site
Purpose :
 To help farmers testing their soil fertility status on the spot.
 To help farmers in deciding exact doses of fertilizers and other micro nutrients
Cost per kit : Rs. 30000
Total strength of the field staff : 80
Total cost of the project (One time investment) : Rs. 24.00 Lac
Item 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Soil testing kit (No.) 20 20 - 40
Funds required (Rs. In Lakhs) 6.0 6.0 - 12.0

46
 Infrastructure Activities in Agriculture
1. HRD Training Hall

There is no facility for the staff and farmers meeting/training in Ag. Department at district level
therefore,
Funds required for HRD training cum Meeting Hall during 2018-19 – Rs. 20 Lakhs
2. Construction of Diggi in Canal Area
The Project cover two blocks of IGNP i.e. Jaisalmer and Sam.

Item Unit Cost Proposed Subsidies

Construction of diggi 20 lakh lit. 8,00,000 4,00,000
Proposed subsidy - as per department guidelines, Diggi -50%

Year wise physical & financial requirement ( Rs. in lakh )

SN Comp. 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
1 Diggi construction No. 500 500 500 1500

2 Financial requirement 2000 2000 2000 6000

PIA - Department of Agriculture.

47
 3. Construction of Jal Hauz in Tube well Area

The Project cover three blocks of District

Item Unit Cost Proposed Subsidies
Construction of Jal Hauz 2.0 lakh capacity lit. 180000 90000
Proposed subsidy - as per department guidelines, Jal Hauz -50%

Year wise physical & financial requirement ( Rs. in lakh )

SN Comp. 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
1 Construction of Jal Hauz 100 150 200 450
2.0 lakh capacity lit.

2 Financial requirement 90.00 135.00 180.00 405.00

4. Beej Godown at farmer's field.

OBJECTIVE :-
1. To store the farm produce.

2. To save the farm produce from adverse climatic conditions.

3. To get optimum price of produce after selling at peek time.

Capacity of Beej Godown. :- 100 ton

Unit Cost :- Rs. 10 lakh
S.No. Particulars 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total

1 Physical (No.) 50 50 50 150

2 Financial Total 500 500 500 1500

(Rs. in Cost
lakh) Subsidy 250 250 250 750
farmer's share will 50% cost.
PIA - Department of Agriculture.

48
 Growth Activities in Agriculture

Table 4.9: Proposed Demonstration in district Jaisalmer

Crop/ Activity Area under Demonstrations Projection
each demon. (Phy -Area covered in ha, Fin – Rs. In lacs)
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy. Fin. Phy Fin. Phy Fin. Phy. Fin.
Guar 1.0 1000 61.1 1000 61.1 1000 61.1 3000 183.3
Groundnut 1.0 500 37.5 500 37.5 500 37.5 1500 112.5
Kharif Pulses 1.0 1000 50 1000 50 1000 50 3000 150
Wheat 1.0 1500 112.5 1500 112.5 1500 112.5 4500 337.5
Mustard 1.0 10000 300 10000 300 10000 300 30000 900
Gram 1.0 10000 750 10000 750 10000 750 30000 2250
Rabi Fodder 1.0 200 10 200 10 200 10 600 30
Total 24200 1321.10 24200 1321.10 24200 1321.10 72600 3963.30
Note: Funds required: For Guar Rs 6110; Gram Rs. 7500; Kharif Pulses and Rabi Fodder Rs. 5000 & Mustard Rs. 3000; Groundnut
and Wheat Rs. 7500 /ha/Demonstration (Pattern of assistance 100 % of cost of inputs)

49
Table 4.10: Proposed Cluster Demonstration in district Jaisalmer
Crop/ Activity Area under Demonstrations Projection
each cluster (Phy –No. of cluster, Fin – Rs. In lacs)
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy. Fin. Phy Fin. Phy Fin. Phy. Fin.
Bajra* 1000 ha 10 400 10 400 10 400 30 1200
Gram** 1000 ha 5 375 5 375 5 375 15 1125
Mung** * 1000 ha 2 100 2 100 2 100 6 300
Total 17 875 17 875 17 875 51 2625
*Financial provision/ha Rs. 4000/- **Financial Provision Rs/ha 7500***Financial provision/ha Rs. 5000/-

Table 4.11: INM Demonstrations in Next Five Years

Area under INM Demonstrations Projection (Phy -Area covered in ha, Fin – Rs. In lacs)
Crop/ each demo. 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20
Activity Total
Phy. Fin. Phy Fin. Phy Fin. Phy. Fin.
Groundnut 1.0 ha 100 1.00 100 1.00 100 1.00 300 3.00
Wheat 1.0 ha 100 1.00 100 1.00 100 1.00 300 3.00
Mustard 1.0 ha 100 1.00 100 1.00 100 1.00 300 3.00
Gram 1.0 ha 100 1.00 100 1.00 100 1.00 300 3.00
Total 400 4.00 400 4.00 400 4.00 1200 12.00
Note: @Rs.1000 per demonstration

50
Table 4.12: IPM Demonstrations in Next Five Years
Crop Area under each IPM Demonstrations Projection (Phy- Area covered in ha, Fin – Rs. In lacs)
demon. (ha)
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy. Fin. Phy. Fin. Phy. Fin. Phy. Fin.
Groundnut 1.0 50 2.5 50 2.5 50 2.5 150 7.50
Kharif pulses 1.0 50 2.5 50 2.5 50 2.5 150 7.50
Mustard 1.0 50 2.5 50 2.5 50 2.5 150 7.50
Gram 1.0 50 2.5 50 2.5 50 2.5 150 7.50
Total 200 10.0 200 10.0 200 10.0 600 30.00
Note: @ Rs.5000 per demonstration.

Table 4.13: Training Proposed for Capacity Building of Farmers at block level
Year wise no. of farmers to be trained
(Phy- No. , Fin. – Rs in lacs)
Name of the Block 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin

Jaisalmer 100 0.4 100 0.4 100 0.4 300 1.20

Sam 100 0.4 100 0.4 100 0.4 300 1.20

Sankra 100 0.4 100 0.4 100 0.4 300 1.20

TOTAL 300 1.2 300 1.2 300 1.2 900 3.60

* @ Rs.400 per day per farmer

51
 Table 4.14: Training Proposed for Capacity Building of Farmers at district level on different technologies (Rs in acs)
Technology Year wise no. of farmers to be trained
/ Aspect
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin
INM 100 0.4 100 0.4 100 0.4 300 1.20
NRM 150 0.6 150 0.6 150 0.6 450 1.80
IPM 100 0.4 100 0.4 100 0.4 300 1.20
Resource Conservation Technology 50 0.2 50 0.2 50 0.2 150 0.60
Water management 500 2 500 2 500 2 1500 6.00
Post Harvest Management 100 0.4 100 0.4 100 0.4 300 1.20
Credit & marketing 50 0.2 50 0.2 50 0.2 150 0.60
Seed Production 200 0.8 200 0.8 200 0.8 600 2.40
Pasture management 150 0.6 150 0.6 150 0.6 450 1.80
Farm Mechanization 100 0.4 100 0.4 100 0.4 300 1.20
Renewable energy 50 0.2 50 0.2 50 0.2 150 0.60
Fodder Production 150 0.6 150 0.6 150 0.6 450 1.80
Other Misc. aspects 50 0.2 50 0.2 50 0.2 150 0.60
Total 1750 7.00 1750 7.00 1750 7.00 5250 21.00
*Cost norms= Rs. 4000/trainee /day

Table 4.15: Interstate exposure visit & Training of the farmer.

Blocks Exposure visit Projection Plan ( Phy – No. of farmers, Fin – Rs. In lacs)
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy. Fin. Phy. Fin. Phy. Fin. Phy. Fin.
Jaisalmer 50 3.5 50 3.5 50 3.5 150 10.50
Sam 50 3.5 50 3.5 50 3.5 150 10.50
Sankara 50 3.5 50 3.5 50 3.5 150 10.50
Total 150 10.5 150 10.5 150 10.5 450 31.50
Note: @Rs.1000 per day per farmer for 7 days

52
Table 4.16: Farmers supportive activity to enhance crop productivity in Next Five Years
(Fin – Rs. In lacs)
Particulars Assistance Unit 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy Fin Phy. Fin Phy Fin. Phy. Fin.
Grain Storage Bins Rs. 1000/Bin No. 1500 15.00 1500 15.00 1500 15.00 4500 45.00
Agil Implements Rs. 15000/impl No. 500 75.00 500 75.00 500 75.00 1500 225.00
PP Equipments Rs. 500/Equp No. 1000 5.00 1000 5.00 1000 5.00 3000 15.00
Movable threshing floor Rs. 1500/floor No. 1500 22.50 1500 22.50 1500 22.50 4500 67.50
Total 4500 117.50 4500 117.50 4500 117.50 13500 352.50

Table 4. 17: Area, Production and Productivity Trend of Main Crops in the District (Area – ha, Production – MT, productivity –
Kg/ha)
Crop Last 5 Year Average 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20
A P Y A P Y A P Y A P Y
Bajra 92333 22806.25 247 105069 25535 243 105000 42000 400 105000 42000 400
Guar 541500 94762.50 175 598611 76116 127.15 605000 121000 200 605000 151250 250
Moong 16166 5609.60 347 51366 14999 292.00 52000 23296 448 60000 30000 500
Moth 2000 592 296 8520 1292 151.64 8500 2720 320 10000 4000 400
G.Nut 15833 20614 1302 29368 46080 1569 25000 45000 1800 25000 62500 2500
Castor 5666 8646 1526 4722 9426 1996 5780 11560 2000 6000 12000 2000
Rabi
Wheat 13000 16000 1272 9989 13824 1393 15000 37500 2500 20000 60000 3000
Mustard 54000 36000 672 43816 37799 863 85000 94000 1100 90000 108000 1200
Cumin 26500 12985 490 44061 20240 459 45000 27000 600 45000 29250 650
Gram 122000 94000 773 152935 136888 895 160000 160000 1000 160000 192000 1200
Isabgol 24600 11070 450 40552 17986 444 45000 29250 650 45000 33750 750
Source - Rajasthan Agriculture Statistics 2016-17 ( Area – in hac. Production in MT.Productivity kg./ha.)

53
Researchable issues (Agriculture)
Jaisalmer district has a unique soil and climatic situation which needs special attentions for the agriculture and animal husbandry. The extension
activities proposed to be undertaken has already been discussed in details .Some unexplored paras has been pointed out for development of
sustainable location specific technology for development of rain fed and irrigated agriculture. The animal husbandry has to be given a special
attention for research on special aspects like diseases and breed improvement. Although the different programmes are going on in the district
even though some issues are to be explored for research. The aspects of researchable issues are given as under..
S.No. Participatory research issues.

1 Improvement in Groundnut varieties tolerant to root rot disease.

2 Identification of guar varieties suitable for summer cultivation
3 Trail on use of Bio fertilizer in bajra, kharif pulses, gram, wheat barley, mustard
4 Improving gram variety resistant to pod borer and evolving IPM practice.
5 Evolving Mustard varieties resistance to frost and IPM practices.
6 Research needed on semi arid bajra regarding more productive tillers/ear heads.
7 Suitable study is needed in adoption of drip irrigation in fruit crops
8 Development of late sown varieties in Mustard
9 Suitable studies for irrigation water
10 To develop suitable orobanche weed control measure in mustard
11 To develop package of practices for field crops under organic farming
12 To develop suitable package for khadin area.
13 Crop wise Irrigation scheduling for sprinkler and drip
14 Crop wise package for organic farming

54
 CHAPTER-V

DEVELOPMENT OF ALLIED
SECTORS

55
Introduction
Allied sectors are important and integral part of agriculture sector. The share of allied sector in total agriculture is
on the rise. It is the growth in these sectors which is pushing the total agricultural growth on upward side. The
demand for allied agricultural produces is also increasing at a much faster rate than the demand for agricultural
crops or cereals. For the farmers these allied sector activities/ enterprises are integral part of their farming system
since long. Farmers of Jaisalmer district are actively engaged in cultivation of allied enterprises to meet own home
requirements and subsequently (later on exclusively too) for the market. The thrust in the district has been on
dairy and horticulture. With rising incomes and changing diet patterns the consumption and demand for these
products is increasing and the farmers of this district must come forward to seize on this opportunity. The
increasing pace of urbanization in and around the district also calls for the creation of culture that helps farmers to
adopt these subsidiary occupations.
Horticulture Development
The importance of fruits and vegetable crops in improving the nutritional status and farm economy needs no
elaboration. It offers excellent alternative for diversification in agriculture by ensuring balanced use of land, water
and other resources for promoting sustainable agriculture besides increasing income of the farmers. Agro-climatic
conditions, soil and water availability, marketing opportunities in and around the district make it suitable for
growing a wide variety of fruits like ber, citrus and pomegranate etc., all major vegetables including exotic and
high value , spice crops like fenugreek, cumin, medicinal plants like isabgole and Aloe vera and flowers like
marigold. With National Horticulture Mission (NHM) under progress and financial and technical help available
from the NHB, State government and other institutions, there is great potential for raising all horticultural crops
especially vegetable crops, floriculture etc.
Organic farming is another promising area for some enterprising farmers of the district as the market for
organic agro-produce is increasing. Some of the growers have already taken up organic farming on a commercial
scale. They and others who are willing to opt organic farming need to be assisted with proper registration and
certification with national/ international agencies. Keeping in view, the future expansion of trade in organic
products, the marketing as well as technical and certification services are needed to be strengthened.
Though Jaisalmer districts have negligible production in vegetable cultivation in the State yet there are wide gaps
in average yields and attainable yields on progressive farmer’s fields. This is due to a variety of reasons which
needs to be rectified. The first being the quality and give table of yield gaps in vegetable crops here availability of
seeds which is not of desired level. The present seed replacement rate for several crops (other than hybrids) is also
quite low. Other important aspects affecting the quality and yields with a bearing on land and water are related to
fertilizer nutrients and chemical management in vegetable cultivation. The farmers, invariably, use imbalance
fertilizers with quite higher doses of Nitrogenous fertilizers. The farmers use nil or quite low doses of potassic
56
fertilizers without any application of other essential micro nutrients the deficiency of which are being reported
with loss of yield and quality. Similar or rather more harmful is the impact of non-judicious chemical usage by
farmers for control of insect pests, diseases and weeds. This usage is affecting both the ecology as well as
economics which again is resulting into increased cost of cultivation, declining factor productivity, deteriorating
soil and ground water health, increased incidences of resistance and lower yield with lower profits (or loss, at
times).
The activities proposed in the plan are designed to be focussed on the issues having direct bearing on the
development of this sector. The specific extension activities of capacity building , skill up gradation and
entrepreneurship development for farmers are meant for developing professional attitude, exploring markets, go
for value additional or associate themselves (individually or in groups) with organised trade. The extension
activities pertaining to cultivation aspects are directed towards quality seed production, INM and IPM FFSs and
monitoring and evaluation. Special projects are also planned for quality seed production at farmers’ field in public
private partnership (PPP) mode. Besides conducting specialised trainings on activities, a novel project of
providing five fruit trees for each source of irrigation is recommended in the plan for growth of horticulture in the
district.

57
Animal Husbandry
Small and Large Livestock

The major source of livelihood for households in Jaisalmer district is agriculture followed by animal
husbandry. At present a total of 489932 cattle and draft animals (including buffalo) is reared in the district.
Among the small animals goats (1515641) and sheep (1187564) reared in district. Poultry is mainly concentrated
in Jaisalmer tehsil, whereas goatery and sheep rearing is undertaken across the district. Piggery and duck rearing
is almost negligible in the district. Block wise animal details is as follows
5.1 Block Wise No of Livestock in Jaisalmer District as per 2012 Livestock Census (Small Animals)
Poultry Ducks Goats Sheep
S.No. Name of Block Pigs (Nos.)
(Nos.) (Nos.) (Nos.) (Nos.)
1 Jaisalmer 0 0 160 400532 361366
2 Sam 0 0 0 689421 513390
3 Sankra 0 0 969 425688 312808
Total 0 0 1129 1515641 1187564

Large animal are reared across the district almost equally, but in Sam block large animal population is less
than both other block. Rearing of hybrid cow and buffalo in district is not popular. Block wise large animal details
is as follows
5.2 Block Wise No of Livestock in Jaisalmer District as per 2012 Livestock Census (Large Animals)
Hybrid Draft
Indigenous Hybrid cow In descriptive
S.No. Name of Block buffalo Animals
Cow (Nos.) (Nos.) buffalo (Nos.)
(Nos.) (Nos.)
1 Jaisalmer 144458 0 1494 0 18649
2 Sam 167980 0 670 0 24617
3 Sankra 123488 0 1899 0 6677
Total 435926 0 4063 0 49943
Social Forestry Development
Total forest area of the district is 27400 ha which is very less compared to total geographical area of the district.
There is no natural block forest area in the district. The forests are mainly in the form of strips all along roads,
canals, drains, minors, bands and railway tracks. Forest department is involved in plantation on government,
panchayat and community lands under its various on going schemes. There is no natural forest in the district,
however there is potential to develop farm forestry / agro Forestry in the district. The growth of agro forestry is
linked with future returns to the grower after 8 to 10 years.
The farmers are to be advised on future demands, growth and the return from forest crop(s) along with the scope
and possibilities of raising crops as inter/ mixed cropping with forest trees in order to enable them to make
informed choices. It is also planned to promote growing of indigenous trees like neem in the wake of likely
increase in demand for neem based products and pesticides especially with increase in area under organic farming.
58
Training programme and other extension activities for staff of forest and other departments and progressive
farmers are proposed in the plan to educate them on modern line of developing agro/ social forestry for ecology
and economics.
Agricultural Marketing
The agricultural marketing infrastructure is not fairly developed in the district only one regulated markets
at district headquarter which is not functional. Approximately 80% villages and all the village Panchayats are
connected with pakka roads. The district is well connected with the big market of State Capital of Jaipur with road
and rail network.
Vegetables, fruits and other animal based products like egg, meat etc. are primarily marketed in the city
market, though the opportunities in the Jaisalmer city itself are on the rise due the rapid expansion of urban areas.
Marketing itself is not so high on the agenda of farmers though they suffer a considerable loss in ignoring this
important aspect. More than before, the efficient marketing is the key to the overall development of the farm
sector now. In the wake of WTO agreements farmers have to cater to (and face the challenge of) the international
market which is not possible without farmers education about modern day marketing needs and their strong
linkages with firms/ markets/consumers.

Market Proposals
Keeping in view the future trends a market hub is proposed to be developed in PPP mode in Jaisalmer district
especially for marketing of spices and medicinal produces as this sector is developing fast. With out proper
marketing infrastructure in this part of state this sector cannot flourish.
Marketing of organic produce is also being channelized by educating farmers and creating facilities for
certification and trading of these products to cater to the future demands.

59
Extension Activities (Marketing)
Extension programmes are proposed to be undertaken in plan for educating farmers in deciding what, when, and how much to produce and
when and where to sell. Other contributions of such activities would be :
 Providing marketing intelligence, e- marketing facilities and its awareness among farmers
 Establishing linkages of farmers with firms i.e. extension- farmer – market linkages through contract/ contact farming, buy back
agreements, backward linkages.
 Encouraging farmers to go for value addition, proper grading and packing and other such practices.
 Motivating farmers to form SHGs or commodity interest groups for effective marketing

Constraint Analysis
Table 5.3: Sustainability issues and gap analysis of different horticultural crops and enterprises

S. N Crop- activities/Gap Factors/constraints Strategies/mode of Collaboration/target Sustainability Cost /

leading to gap action output Expenditure
1 Horticultural crops
i Ber Lack of local nursery Establishment of good ARS / KVK,and Quality planting Budget from
Good quality planting Low level of nurseries Agriculture department / material and RKVY
material. awareness Creating awareness. NHM / CIAH quality produce.
Poor disease and Pest Less expertise in More farmers’ trainings Addition in
management horticultural crops farmers’ income
ii Citrus ARS / KVK,and Budget from
Lack good nursery and Lack of nursery Establishment of good Agriculture department / Quality planting RKVY
quality planting material nurseries NHM / CIAH material and
Poor disease and Pest Low level of Creating awareness quality produce.
management awareness

2 Vegetable crops
Seed treatment Unawareness, Educate farmers regarding KVK,Agriculture 10% growth in
unavailability of small benefit of seed treatment through NHM,CIAH area under seed
packing of fungicides treatment every
60
 year
i Poor nursery management Unawareness, poor Mass campaign of nursery KVK,Agriculture Quality seed lings,
germination management through trainings through NHM,CIAH Increased income
& demonstrations popularise and saving in
nursery raising in poly house resources
ii Lack of adoption in IPM Non- adoption of pest Farmers participatory approach, HCCDD, KVK, Improved quality
management practices field schools, supply of BTT and yield
pheromones, hormones to
farmers

iii Lack of proper nutrient Lack of knowledge, Training, provision of input to KVK, Agriculture Improved yield
management unavailability of input the farmers Department
iv Lack of organized Lack of infrastructure Establishment of infrastructure KVK, Agriculture More return per
marketing Department & unit volume
marketing board ,
processors/traders
v Low return from the Lack of knowledge on I. Capacity building KVK, Agriculture Production of
seasonal vegetables off-season and ii. Construction of greenhouse Department vegetables in off
protected cultivation season
ii.Lack of investment
on greenhouse
construction
3 Floriculture
i Unavailability of quality Lack of knowledge Training Awareness on KVK, Agriculture Increased area
planting material High initial investment credit Department under floricultue
Less popularity than other Create infrastructure
enterprise
4 Animal husbandry
i. Cattle- i. Topographical -Provision of AH Department, Milk Increased
i. Poor Stock constraints sufficient AI and NS Unions, Successful Quality stock
ii. Poor management ii. Unawareness facilities cattle breeders, Private with increased
iii. Imbalance feeding iii. Inadequate -Create awareness input dealer milk
iv Infertility and prolong availability - induction of milch
inter calving period iv. improper feeding Cow
-Farmers awareness
and ensured
availability at
reasonable price
ii Calf mortality Endo & ecto parasites, Providing de-worming AH Department Increase in
poor winter facility at the doorstep animals resource

61
 management with latest quality de-
wormer

Poultry
i Incidence of infectious Poor disease diagnostic Strengthening of AH Department Increase in
diseases. facilities, high cost of disease diagnostic lab at profitability.
medicines and district level. Providing
vaccines. vaccination facility at
door step at subsidized
rates.
ii Less developed backward Lack of knowledge To educate farmers on AH Department Better and
and forward linkages and interaction. PPP concept. Promoting efficient
farmers’ groups for marketing ,
developing linkages for increased farm
mutual benefits. incomes.
iii Poor feeding and up High cost of ready- Educating farmers on AH Department Increased
keeping management made feeding material. low cost, locally productivity and
Lack of knowledge. available feed and profitability.
management practices.
iv High incidence of Lack of knowledge Awareness regarding AH Department Increase in egg
nutritional disorders and availability nutritional disorders, its yield and rapid
causes and prevention. weight gain in
broilers.
Goat, Sheeps
i High incidence of diseases Lack of vety. Strengthening of AH Department Increased
and worm infestation in Facilities, lack of disease diagnostic lab at productivity and
sheep and goat proper vaccination, district level. Providing Profitability
deworming and disease vaccination, deworming
control measures. facility at door step at
subsidized rates.
ii Poor stock of sheep and Rearing of animals of Providing animals of AH Department Increased
goat non descriptive breed. suitable breed to the productivity and
farmers. Profitability
iii High incidence of mineral Improper feeding, low Educating farmers on AH Department Increased
deficiency fodder availability low cost, locally productivity and
available feed and Profitability
management practices.

62
Recommended interventions for the district with detail action plan and cost
ALLIED SECTORS
HORTICULTURE
Special projects
Project 1: Special project for Humun Resource Development in Date Palm Cultivation
OBJECTIVE :- Jaisalmer is one of the desert district of Rajasthan. Agro climatic condition of the district suits the date palm cultivation.
Area under Date Palm cultivation is increasing every year as the farmers are showing keen interest for this desert fruit. Date Palm is a
dream horticultural crop for the farmers of this district as up till now more than 350 ha. area is covered under this crop.
At present Horticulture department is providing 75% subsidy on Tissue Culture Plants. But there is no technical knowhow
available for this crop. So it is the necessity of the day to train the district level officers of district Jaisalmer in a Date Palm specialized
country like UAE.
No. of officers to be trained - 5
Duration of training - 15 days
To & fro air expenditure - Rs. 150000 x5 = Rs. 7.50 lakhs
Daily allowance - Rs. 50000 x5x15 = Rs. 37.50 lakhs
Total cost of the project is - Rs 45.00 lakhs
Proposed trainees for HRD in Datepalm.
Particular 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
No. of trainees 5 5 5 15
Financial (Rs.in lakhs) 45.00 45.00 45.00 135.00
PIA - Department of Horticulture.
Project 2: Promote the Horticultural crops (Date palm) under micro irrigation system.
OBJECTIVE :-
1. To increase the area under Date palm
2. To encourage the farmers for Date palm cultivation
3. To provide tissue culture raised plants on 90 % subsidy
1. Proposed area to be covered under Datepalm
Particular 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Area (ha) 50 50 50 150
Financial 225.0 225.0 225.0 675.00
(Rs.in lakhs)
63
 Infrastructure activity
1. Installation of Solar Pump on Diggi in Canal Area
Proposed number of Solar Pump Sets (5000 WT) to be installed
Particular 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin
Solar Pump 500 1500 500 1500 500 1500 1500 4500.00
2. Proposed area (ha) to be covered under MIS.
Particular 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin
Drip 300 300 300 300 300 300 900 900
Mini Sprinkler 200 160 200 160 200 160 600 480
Sprinkler 1500 235 1500 235 1500 235 4500 705
3. Proposed target for Green House.
Particular 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Number 1 1 1 3
Financial (Rs. in 12.00 12.00 12.00 36.00
lakh)
4. Proposed target for community ponds.
Particular 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Number 20 20 20 60
Financial (Rs. in lakh) 400 400 400 1200

64
 Growth activity

Proposed Demonstration in district Jaisalmer

Crop/ Activity Area under Demonstrations Projection
each demon. (Phy -Area covered in ha, Fin – Rs. In lacs)
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy. Fin. Phy Fin. Phy Fin. Phy. Fin.
Guar Vegetable 0.2 500 6.75 500 6.75 500 6.75 1500 20.25
Okra 0.2 500 6.75 500 6.75 500 6.75 1500 20.25
Tomato 0.2 500 6.75 500 6.75 500 6.75 1500 20.25
Brinjal 0.2 500 6.75 500 6.75 500 6.75 1500 20.25
Chilli 0.2 500 6.75 500 6.75 500 6.75 1500 20.25
Cucurbits 0.2 500 6.75 500 6.75 500 6.75 1500 20.25
Cumin 1.0 1000 55.00 1000 55.00 1000 55.00 3000 165.00
Isabgol 1.0 1000 55.00 1000 55.00 1000 55.00 3000 165.00
Total 5000 150.50 5000 150.50 5000 150.50 15000 451.50

Note: Funds required: For Vegetable Rs 1350 ; Cumin Rs.5500; Isabgol Rs 5500;/Demonstration (Pattern of assistance 100 % of cost of
inputs)

65
 Animal Husbandry
S.No. Field Name Details Date
1. Project Name (to be modified if so modified Establishment and Strengthening of Tharparkar
Cattle breeding Farm through up grading
by the SLSC)
2. Project ID (State initials/Financial year/Sector/ Raj/2017-18/RAJUVAS/….
Running serial Number for the year )
3. Approved cost (Total Cost of the Project as per 905 lacs
DPR/Concept)
4. Project Duration and phasing of cost (Current 3-years
Year,2years,3 Years as the case may be, along I year-268.50, II year-303.00, III year-323.50
(Appendix –I)
with phasing of cost)
5. Proposed Cost for the Current Year 303.00 Lac
6. Sector (S) (Sector(s) to which the Project Animal husbandry
belongs, out of the sector list approved, with
break-up of cost sectorally if more than one
sector are specified
7. Scheme (S) (Classification of the in terms of
schemes of Agriculture Ministry with break-up
of cost in schemes if more than one scheme is
specified if it does not belong to any particular
scheme, state specific innovative scheme )
8. Break-up of scheme components (As per the
scheme components of GoI Scheme/Approved
norms of SLSC in cases of innovative state
scheme)
9. Implementing Department (S) in the State Agriculture
(concerned administrative Department of the
State )
10. Implementing Agency (Implementing Agency RAJUVAS, Bikaner
of the project of the state)
11. Administrative Department on Gol (Which This farm is actively engaged in conservation, and
improvement of Tharparkar cattle germ plasm. It has
Department in India e. G.DAC,DAHD, the shown significant improvement as
project would primarily fall in jurisdiction of ) 1. Reduction of Age at first calving.
2. Reduction in Calving interval
3. Increase in milk production
To improve and dissemination of improved germ
plasm. In the field is a very dire need in present area
therefore this heritage gene bank actively require to
be continue till the objective of improvement in field
is achieved.
12. Area of Operation of Project (Entire state, All Rajasthan
regions, or specific district (S) as the case may
be)
-University shall be recognized as the center for this
13. Expected outputs (List project outputs) indigenous Tharparkar breed of cattle.
-Continue to upgrade this breed, making available quality Germ
plasm for distribution and develop suitable technologies of
livestock farming systems.
-Upgrade this breed, making available quality Germ plasm for
distribution and develop suitable technologies of livestock farming

66
 systems.

14. Physical Targets (Specify physical target out if Conservation of Tharparkar germ plasm through Up
Grading in farm and in field ( Native area of
specified list in terms of crops/area etc.) Breeding tract) by distribution of Elite male and
female germ plasm in the Tharparkar livestock
owners.
15. Expected outcome of the Project (Describe 1. The adoption of model in part or as a whole by
livestock owners will increase farmer's income and
expected outcome of Project) will help in achieving sustainable livelihood basis.
2. Bringing in of diversification in the livestock
production systems existing in the state could prove
to be a tool to improve the overall productivity of
breeding system as well as economy.
3. All the livestock owners and agencies involved in
livestock production sector of the state.
16. Expected Beneficiaries (Specify numbers of 1.All livestock keepers of Rajasthan.
2.The adoption of model in part or as a whole by
beneficiaries in terms of gender/ST etc. on livestock owners will increase farmer's income
broad basis and also area/crop etc. benefiting) specially female farmers, because large animals
criterion. cared by the village ladies and will help in
achieving sustainable livelihood basis.
3. There is increase Income through sale of organic
milk & milk by-product and use of Farm yard
manure.
17. There is increase Income through sale of organic milk &
Expected Contribution to Growth of milk bi-product and use of Farm yard manure.
agriculture and allied sector
18. Any other information (as considered This farm is actively engaged in conservation and
improvement of Tharparkar cattle germ plasm. The
appropriate in terms of the Project) improvement and dissemination of improved germ
plasm
In the field is a very dire need in present era,
therefore, this heritage gene bank actively require to
be continue till the objective of improvement in field
is achieved.

Appendix-I
1 Major equipments/facilities required:
List of equipments required:

 Agriculture equipments including Tractors and irrigation system

 Modernization of cattle farm at LRS, Chandan

2 Budgetary requirements:

1. Expenditure on Human Resource Pay and allowances : (Human resource required is given in
Annexure-I)
Pay and Allowances to permanent staff: Rs. 35.00 lakh

Contractual services: Rs. 165.00 lakh

Total: Rs. 200.00 lakh

67
2. Non- recurring contingency (Rupees in lacs)
I. Establishment of Al facilities : 50
II. Modernization of dairy unit at LRS, Chandan : 100
III. Agricultural equipments including Tractors : 30
and irrigation system ,Bolero car

IV. Fencing of the fodder farm at LRS, Bhojka : 100

and Dhaisar

V. Digging and completion of two Tubewell : 20

Total : 300.00

3. Recurring contingency: (Rupees in lacs)

Item I yr II yr III yr Total
Feed & fodder 100 110 120.0 330.0
Medicine 2.0 2.50 3.00 7.50
Laboratory 2.0. 6.0. 7.0 15.0
contingencies
Stationary & 2.50 3.0 3.50 9.00
printing.
T.A. 1.0 1.0 1.0 3.00
Misc. 11.00 13.00 16.00 40.00
Total 8.5 136.50 150.00 405.00
Total requirements (1+2+3): 200.00 + 300.00 + 405.0 = Rs. 905.00 lacs

Year wise phasing of financial requirements:

Item I yr II yr III yr Total

Human Resource- 10.00 12.00 13.00 35.00
Permanent staff
Human Resource- 50.00 55.00 60.00 165.00
Contractual services
Total Human Resource 60.00 67.00 73.00 200.00
Recurring cont. 118.50 136.50 150.00 405.00
Total Recurring 178.50 203.00 223.50 605.00
Contingencies
Non-rec. cont. 100.00 100.00 100.00 300.00
Total 268.50 303.00 323.50 905.00
Estimated income to be deducted 45.00 50.00 55.00 150.00
income out of provisions

Net Total financial 223.50 253.00 268.50 745.00

requirements

68
Human Resource
1. Through Contractual Services:
S. No. Designation Number Contractual
Pay/ month
1. Assistant professor (ABG) 1 40000.00
2. Assistant professor (O&G) 1 40000.00
3. Assistant professor (LPM ) 1 40000.00
4. Veterinary service providers 2 28000.00
cum scientific assistants
5. SRF 2 15000.00

2. Through Contractual Human Resource:

S. No. Nature of Work Number Contractual
Pay/ month
1. Technical Assistant/JRF 2 10,000.00
2. Livestock Assistants for 4 18000.00
Providing supervisory and minor
veterinary services
Including A.l., laboratory and
milk processing (Contractual)
3. Ministerial and computational 2 16000.00
workers (Contractual)
4. Animal farm workers for 40 8000.00
Various works (Contractual)
7. Gwala /Security officer 10 8000.00

Appendix–II
Performance of Tharparkar cattle at LRS Chandan:

1. Herd strength 400

Cow 150
Pregnant Heifers 30
Above two year heifers 50
Below two year heifers 100
Male Animals 70
2. Productive and reproductive parameters
 Lactation yield 2400±100Lt
 Lactation length 300±20days
 Dry period 110±10days
 Calving interval 420±50days
 Age at first calving 1450±50days
 Service period 145±8.30days
69
  Maximum daily yield 25lt.
 Wet average 7.9 Lt/day
 Herd average 5.50
 Fat content 4.2-4.8 per cent
Apart from this the station is having more than 30% cows yielding more than 2500Lt milk and a

maximum lactation yield of 4649 Lt in 305 day has been recorded. The superior germ plasm produced at the

station is under high demand from Animal Husbandry Department, NGO’s and progressive farmers. Up to

till now, the station has distributed 1750 superior germ plasm.

Extension activities:
Table 5.4: Training Proposed for Capacity Building of Allied sectors Staff on different aspect covered under
Plan (at District level)
Sr. No. Technology /AspectNo of farmers to be trained and fund requirement(Phy- No. of
trainees, Fin- Rs.in lacs)
Name of the Department Year wise no. of staff to be trained (Phy- Nos. , Fin. – Rs in lacs)
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin
Animal husbandry 50 0.30 50 0.30 50 0.30 150 0.60
Total 50 0.30 50 0.30 50 0.30 150 0.60
Cost norms – Rs 600/ trainee/day
Table 5.5 : Farmers trainings proposed for capacity buildings and skill up gradation in allied fields.
Sr. Technology /Aspect No of farmers to be trained and fund requirement Total
No. (Phy- No. of trainees, Fin- Rs.in lacs)
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20
Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin
1 Modern dairy management 150 0.6 150 0.6 150 0.6 450 1.80
aspects
2 Sheep, goat and rearing 150 0.6 150 0.6 150 0.6 450 1.80
3 Camel rearing 150 0.6 150 0.6 150 0.6 450 1.80
Total 450 1.8 450 1.8 450 1.8 1350 5.40
Table 5.6: Group formation /Commodity interest groups formation for specific activities
Interest Group(s) Group Formation Projection Plan (Phy – No. of groups, Fin – Rs. In lacs)
2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
Phy. Fin. Phy. Fin. Phy. Fin. Phy. Fin.
Dairy 20 4.0 20 4.0 20 4.0 60 12.00
Goat and sheep 10 2.0 10 2.0 10 2.0 30 6.00
Total 30 6.0 30 6.0 30 6.0 90 18.00
Cost norms- Rs.0.20 lacs/group (for capacity building, input assistance, marketing and for group
specific activities)

70
 Table 5.7: Activities related to animal health and their productivity (Rs. In Lakhs)
Particulars Pattern of asstt Unit 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total

Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin Phy Fin

Infertility Camp Rs. 30000/Camp Nos. 10 3.00 10 3.00 10 3.00 30 9.00

Infertility Camp in Gosalla Rs. 30000/Camp Nos. 5 1.50 5 1.50 5 1.50 15 4.50

Medicine for Infertility Camp Rs. 100000/Camp No. 15 15.0 15 15.0 15 15.0 45 45.00

Pashupalak Samman Rs. 20000/each No. 3 0.60 3 0.60 3 0.60 9 1.80

Minikit for Kharif/Rabi Nos. 3840 3.00 3840 3.00 3840 3.00 11520 9.00

71
Table 5.19: Projected outcome and growth rate of Live Stocks of district Jaisalmer
Value (Rs. In Lacs)
SN Commodity Unit Present Present Projected Project % Rise in
Production value of the Production value of the in value
Production Production

1 Milk Lit. 105000 31.50 150000 45.00 48

2 Meat Ton 55000 165000 75000 225000 30

Note
 Values of the production calculated at present market prices

 Any rise in prices in future will further enhance the total values of the production

 % Rise in value is due to rise in acreage and productivity during Plan period.

72
 Researchable issues (Allied sector):
Agriculture and allied sectors especially animal husbandry have been going hand in hand since time immemorial.
This synergy developed solely because of its unique climatic conditions. List of allied sectors has become longer
during last one decade when number of buffaloes has increased, horticultural crops have emerged significantly,
and marketing of products is becoming a separate corporate.
The animal husbandry has to be given a special attention for research on special aspects like diseases and breed
improvement. Although the different programmes are going on in the district even though some issues are to be
explored for research. The aspects of researchable issues are given as under.

(i)Horticulture:
 Development of least water requiring drought hardy fruits and vegetable crops.
 Scheduling of irrigation for fruits and vegetable crops specially under micro irrigation system
 Affordable techniques to harness solar energy.
 Economical viable and social acceptable water harvesting techniques.
 Refinement of local food/fruit processing and value addition techniques.
 Production and Extraction techniques for sazi under saline conditions.

Animal Husbandry:
 Breed improvement suitable for existing climatic situations.
 Exploring the standardization of medicinal value of camel milk.
 Standardization of low cast housing for cattle for improving yield of milk.
 Genetic mapping of indigenous breeds of cattle specially Rathi cows.
 Preventive and therapeutic measures for control mastitis

73
 CHAPTER-VI
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

DISTRICT PLAN

74
Introduction
The comprehensive district agriculture plan of Jaisalmer district is meant for achieving the high productivity
growth expectations through RKVY. It is aimed at reducing the yield gaps in important crops and increasing
production and productivity in agriculture and allied sectors through focused and holistic initiatives to maximize
farmers’ income.
Growth drivers
The targets will be achieved using different growth drivers in agriculture and allied sectors as follows:
Agriculture
 Resource conservation technologies such as pasture development etc.
 Increasing area under gram and improved varieties in wheat.
 Micro irrigation system for increasing water use efficiency.
 Seed treatment and enhancing seed replacement rate.
 IPM, INM and IWM.
 Demonstration and capacity building of field functionary and farmers
 Human resource development.
Horticulture
 Increasing area under fruits and vegetable crops.
 Providing improved planting material of fruit crops.
 IPM and INM
 Encouraging income and employment generation.
 Demonstrations and trainings including farmers and field official
Forestry:
 Increasing area under forests through plantation in community lands.
 Increasing area under agro-forestry.
 Demonstrations and trainings including farmers and field officials
Animal Husbandry:
 Mineral mixture feeding
 De-worming
 Breed improvement through community bulls and A.I
 Balanced feeding
 Improvement of village ponds
 Demonstration and capacity building of field functionary and farmers

75
Innovative Schemes/ Special Projects
The innovative schemes and special projects proposed herein are aimed to achieve the projected growth rates in
agriculture and allied sectors. Each scheme/ projects is meant to provide inputs to the growth in that particular
field as extension activities alone cannot sustain growth for long. These special projects will provide a support
base to the other activities. Farmers today are more interested in short term gains and make shift solutions.
Through these projects long term issues are addressed along with catering to the immediate needs.

Vision:
District Jaisalmer has Animal Husbandry based economy. Arrival of IGNP in mid 1970' with its well developed
network of distributaries, minors and channels have facilitated for agriculture and farmers of the district has
started cropping of wheat ,gram mustard and groundnut in the irrigated condition . The cropping under rain fed
condition is still subsistence and very risky.
Introduction of NHM in the district has opened a new avenue for fruit and vegetable production in which we are
able to increase the production of fruits and vegetables from 2000 to 5000 hectares during next five year plan.
However, marketing of fruits and vegetables is a major threat which needs to be addressed immediately.
The situation changed when annual population growth of more than 2.0 % surpassed the agricultural annual
growth rate of about 1.9 % or even less. It necessitated the re-pondering over food grain production and as a result
NFSM was launched in district Jaisalmer.
For vast majority of the farmers in the district integrated farming system approach especially with multiple
cropping with an integration of allied enterprises like animal husbandry, horticulture etc. keeping in view the
marketing potential of the commodities for optimum utilization of limited resources. It will generate sustainable
income in tune with national goal ensuring food security and exploring markets (both within and outside the
country). The other components, like water productivity, energy efficiency and reduction in labour use have to be
targeted along with the requirement of achieving 4% productivity growth rate per year.

76
 Concluding remarks

The farmers of Jaisalmer district are producing different agricultural produces much more than their own
requirements. The volume of marketable surplus of cereals, spices and medicinal produce being cultivated by
them is on the rise. They have even ventured into the production of different commodities exclusively for the
market. The farmers of the district are now fairly established in producing all sorts of agricultural produce be it
cereals, vegetables, milk, meat. In spite of falling share of agriculture in gross domestic product, animal
husbandry sector still is the base of the district economy. However, the increasing urbanisation, changing diet
patterns, modifying marketing and trade necessitate for transforming the farming too. The pace of diversification,
started during the new millennium in the district, needs to be pushed further on modern lines of management in
tune with market needs. This calls for creating the culture that helps and motivate farmers to adopt and integrate
the subsidiary occupations in their farming systems on comparatively larger scale. The multiple enterprises
adoption including crops, vegetables, dairy, poultry, farm level processing and value addition etc. will generate
regular income. Thus, scientific adoption a mixture of crop husbandry and allied occupations is the central theme
of diversification in Jaisalmer district.
Higher productivity growth expectations through RKVY have to be properly anchored by accelerating the
further adoption of different modern technologies in agriculture and allied sectors. The recommended
technologies for cost reduction and resource conservation include water harvesting, the adoption of INM, IWM
and IPM and improved seeds (especially of hybrids and other advance technologically grown seeds) for fields and
horticultural crops. Advance diagnostic kits, improved health and management practices, better and advance
methods of breed/stock/strain improvement have to be put for improving animal husbandry. Proper education
and awareness on post harvest, value addition and marketing practices (with greater emphasis of e-connectivity)
for agriculture and allied produces. Up gradation of skills, capacity building and entrepreneurship development
for knowledge update and informed choice making for improved productivity and profitability will push district
Jaisalmer to achieve the annual growth of 4 % in agriculture.
Monitoring and evaluation is to be made necessary component of any extension and development
programme. The constant monitoring will help in priority settings as per the required needs of the farmers. A lot
of wasteful expenditure owing to wrong priority setting and misleading feedback can easily be avoided on the
basic data based on scientific analysis. The KVK and technical staff of respective departments like: CAZRI, RRS,
Jaisalmer can collaborate with department of agriculture and allied sectors in conducting such surveys.

77
 ANNEXURE

Proposed Physical and Financial Outlay of

XIIth Plan (year wise)

78
 Department Of Agriculture
S.N. Particulars 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total

1 Innovative activities 1469.90 1991.10 2506.30 5967.30

2 Growth Activities 2346.30 2346.30 2346.30 7038.90
3 Infrastructure Activities 2340.00 2385.00 2430.00 7155.00
Total 6156.20 6722.40 7282.60 20161.20

Department Of Horticulture
S.N. Particulars 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
1 Innovative activities 270.00 270.00 270.00 810.00
2 Growth Activities 150.50 150.50 150.50 451.50
3 Infrastructure Activities 2147.00 2147.00 2147.00 6441.00
Total 2567.50 2567.50 2567.50 7702.50

Department Of Animal Husbandary

S.N. Particulars 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
1 Innovative activities 842.00 388.50 419.00 1649.50
2 Growth Activities 11.10 11.10 11.10 33.30
3 Infrastructure Activities 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Total 853.10 399.60 430.10 1682.80

Financial Outlay Department Wise

S.N. Particulars 2017-18 2018-19 2019-20 Total
1 Agriculture 6156.20 6722.40 7282.60 20161.20
2 Horticulture 2567.50 2567.50 2567.50 7702.50
3 Animal Husbandary 853.10 399.60 430.10 1682.80
Total 9576.80 9689.50 10280.20 29546.50

79
80