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(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT)

(19) World Intellectual Property Organization


International Bureau
HP (10) International Publication Number
(43) International Publication Date
4 February 2010 (04.02.2010)
PCT
WO 2010/013993 AI

(51) International Patent Classification: (74) Agent: SIAW, Timothy; Sheam Delamore & Co., 7th
C08J 5700 (2006.01) B65D 85700 (2006.01) Floor, Wisma Hamzah-Kwong Hing, No. 1, Leboh Am-
A23L 1700 (2006.01) C08J 5718 (2006.01) pang, 50110 Kuala Lumpur (MY).
(21) International Application Number: (81) Designated States Runless otherwise indicated, for every
PCT/MY2008/000078 kind of national protection available): AE , AG, AL, AM,
(22) International Filing Date: AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BR, BW, BY, BZ,
1 August 2008 (01.08.2008) CA, CH, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, DO, DZ,
EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, HN,
(25) Filing Language: English HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IS, JP, KE, KG, KM, KN, KP, KR,
KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LT, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME,
(2Tj Publication Language: English
MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO,
(71) Applicant (for all designated States except US): TITAN NZ, OM, PG, PH, PL, PT, RO, RS, RU, SC, SD, SE, SG,
PETCHEM (M) SDN BHD [MY/MY]; 6th Floor, Ban- SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA,
gunan Malaysian Re, No.17, Lorong Dungun, Damansara UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW.
Heights, 50490 Kuala Lumpur (MY). (84) Designated States funless otherwise indicated, for every
(72) Inventors; and kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH,
(75) Inventors/Applicants (for US only): ABU BAKAR, GM, KE, LS, MW, MZ, NA, SD, SL, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM,
Amir, Hamzah [MY/MY]; 6th Floor, Bangunan ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, MD, RU, TJ,
Malaysian Re, No.17, Lorong Dungun, Damansara TM), European (AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, DK, EE,
Heights, 50490 Kuala Lumpur (MY). MD SALLEH, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, LV,
Othman [MY/MY]; 6th Floor, Bangunan Malaysian Re, MC, MT, NL, NO, PL, PT, RO, SE, SI, SK, TR), OAPI
No.17, Lorong Dungun, Damansara Heights, 50490 (BF, BJ, CF, CG, CI, CM, GA, GN, GQ, GW, ML, MR,
Kuala Lumpur (MY). LAI, Seng Heng [MY/MY]; 6th NE, SN, TD, TG).
Floor, Bangunan Malaysian Re, No.17, Lorong Dungun, Declarations under Rule 4.17:
Damansara Heights, 50490 Kuala Lumpur (MY). HA-
SURI, Uli [ID/ID]; Graha BIP, 4th Floor, Jalan Jend. — of inventorsh ip tRule 4.17tiv))
Gatot Subroto, Kav. 23, 12930 Jakarta (ID). Published:
— with international search report tArt. 21t3))

(54) Title: HALAL POLYMER RESINS AND PROCESS FOR MAKING THE SAME

Fi9. 2

(571 Abstract: The present invention relates to polymer resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene for making consumer
products and the process for making the same which comply with the requirements of Islamic law (Syariah) for Halal consumer
products. The polymer resins comprise additives derived from Halal sources and the method for ensuring that the Halal integrity
of the polymer resins is protected throughout the entire processing or manufacturing process.
WO PCT/

Halal Polymer Resins and Process for Making the Same

Technical Field of the Invention

5 The present invention relates to polymer resins such as polyethylene and


polypropylene for making consumer products and the process for making the same
which comply with the requirements of Islamic law (Syariah) for Ha1a1 consumer
products.

10
Background of the Invention

Polymer resins have been widely used for making consumer products such as
film coatings, sanitary fittings, bottles, containers, woven bags, and flexible film-based
15 packaging. Polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) are the most common polymers
employed for surfaces that come into direct contact with solid or liquid materials.

In general polymers are manufactured from petroleum based feedstock.


However, additives are added to the polymers to improve their mechanical and
optical
20 properties. For Muslim consumers, issues arise when additives used for making the
polymer resins are derived from unknown sources or origins. The additives which are
derived from non-Ha1a1 animals (i.e. animals which are not permissible according to
Islamic law) such as pig or from permissible animals which were improperly
slaughtered (i.e. not in accordance to Islamic slaughtering procedure) are prohibited to
25 be used by Muslim consumers.

This situation becomes unfavorable to Muslim consumers since consumer


products do not indicate the source of additives used (i.e. indication in a manner that
can be understood by end users) or guarantee that the consumer products are Ha1a1.
It
30 has been scientifically proven that elements of the additives and other components of
the food packaging may leach into the food and contaminate the food inside the
WO PCT/

packaging and jeopardize the Ha1a1 integrity of the food. Furthermore, the use of
animal derived additives may carry the risks of associated diseases such as mad cow
disease.

5 There are certain requirements that need to be fulfilled before any consumer
product can be qualified and certified as Ha1a1. For example, the Malaysian Standard
(MS1500:2004) requires that the product or its ingredients must not contain or be
contaminated with any components or products of animals that are non-Ha1a1 or
products of animals that are not slaughtered according to Islamic law. Further, the
10 product must not contain any substance that is decreed as filth (najs). The product must
also be safe for use and be manufactured in a clean and hygienic environment.

During the process for the manufacture of the polymer resins, some of the
processing units operate in an exposed environment which may be vulnerable to
15 contamination by filth elements from pests including birds, animals and their
excrements.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide solutions to the


above mentioned problems by providing a system for manufacturing polymer resins
20 which are Halal, safe and clean and which comply with the requirements of Islamic law
and which may also be suitable for Kosher and vegetarian consumers.
WO PCT/

Summary of the Invention

There is provided in the present inverition, polluter resins such as polyethylene


and polypropylene for making consumer products and process for making the same
5 which comply with the requirements of Islamic law for Halal consumer products.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided polymer resins


having additives derived from Halal sources and a method for ensuring that the Halal
integrity of the polymer resins is protected throughout the entire processing or
10 manufacturing process. A qualitative analysis for screening and identifying any trace of
animal based element used in additives and substituting these additives with
equivalent additives from Halal sources are introduced into the manufacturing
process.

The polymer resins that are Halal and safe may be used for making consumer
15 products such as containers or packaging for food. If there is any migration or leaching
of the additives in these food containers or packaging, the Halal integrity of the food
will not be jeopardized.

According to the present invention, the method for ensuring the Halal integrity
20 of polymer resins for consumer products that comply with the requirements of Halal as
defined in Islamic law and good manufacturing practices, comprises:
a) introducing barriers to enclose the processing or manufacturing units for
preventing external contaminations;
b) selecting and verifying that only ingredients which are Halal, in particular,
25 additives are used;
c) analysing the polymer resins by detecting the presence of animal based
elements such as animal fats and pig derivatives to ensure that the polymer
resins are completely free from any animal based ingredients ;
The above described method may further comprises:
30 d) administering a system for maintaining Halal ingredient databases and
procedures.
WO PCT/

The enclosing of the manufacturing units may includes panels, fencing and
netting to prevent any ingress of contaminants such as dirt, filth elements from pests
including birds, animals and their excrements. A plurality of panels may be provided to
5 surround and cover the whole manufacturing units or any exposed manufacturing units.
WO PCT/

Brief Description of the Drawings

The present invention will now be described by way of example only, with
reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
5
Fig. 1 shows a diagram of a general process for manufacturing polymer resins;

Fig. 2 shows a diagram of a process for adding additives (additivation) and pelletizing;

10 Fig. 3a and 3b show embodiments according to the present invention for enclosing a
manufacturing unit;

Fig. 4 shows a flow chart of a method for qualitative analysis for determining animal
based elements from polymer resins.
15
Fig. 5a shows a flowchart of a method for selecting and verifying Halal ingredients for
animal based sources or origins

Fig. 5b shows a flowchart of a method for selecting and verifying Ha1a1 ingredients for
20 non-animal based sources or origins
WO PCT/

Detailed Description of the Invention

A typical process for manufacturing polymer resins is shown in Fig.1. First,


the petroleum based feedstock (monomers) from the upstream manufacturing plants
undergo a set of purification processes (101) where impurities such as moisture, oxygen
etc are removed.

Next, the feedstock is fed into a reactor (103) together with catalyst and
hydrogen. In the presence of catalyst, polymerization reaction takes place inside the
10 reactor at controlled operating conditions to convert monomers into polymer flakes.
Subsequently, the unreacted monomers are separated from the polymer flakes via a
series of flashing and purging processes (105) and are recycled back to the reactor while
the polymer flakes are transferred to a pelletizing unit (107) for fiirther processing.

15 In the pelletizing unit (107), the polymer flakes are mixed with additives to
achieve desired product properties. The mixture of the polymer flakes and the additives
are fed into an extender which further converts the mixture into pellet form. This
process is further described in Fig. 2. The pellets or polymer resins are stored and
blended in product silos and finally transferred to a bagging unit (109) and packed
into
20 bags or sea bulk containers.

Fig. 2 shows a diagram of a process for additivation and pelletizing. The


polymer flakes will go through a feeder hopper (210) by nitrogen transportation using
blower system and go to intermediate silo (213) by a rotary feeder system. From an
25 extrusion feeding silo (215), the polymer flakes will go to a concentrated mixture
(conmix) system (217) and polymer/additive metering unit (221). Typically, the conmix
system (217) is also known as masterbatch system. In the coninix system (217), some
quantity of polymer flakes will be mixed with the additives to achieve the desired
properties. The additives in use have different types and functions. Some acts as
30 antioxidants, nucleating agents, acid scavengers, slip agents, anti blocking agents and
others.
WO PCT/

The additives can prevent oxidation; alter stiffness; control transparency


(clarity); neutralize catalyst residues; enhance whiteness; alter molecular weight and
molecular weight distribution; control surface properties; decrease static buildup;
5 prevent film blocking properties; promote slip properties; improve stabilization against
UV; induce oxo-degradation etc. of the polymer resins. These additives can be of
animal or non-animal derived sources.

The mixture of additives and polymer flakes are blended in a continuous mixer
10 (223) to form a uniform mixture. From the mixer, the polymer flakes and additives
mixture is fed to an extruder (225) where it is maintained at high temperatures for
melting purposes. The molten polymer is then sent to a gear pump (227) which will
push the molten polymer through a screen changer (229) and into a die-plate (231).
The polymer exits the die plate, quench by water and cut by a cutter system into
pellet
15 forms. The pellets are transported and dried in a centrifugal dryer (233). The dry pellets
then go to a classifier (235) where it will be segregated according to their sizes. The
dry pellets or finished polymer resins will be sent to product silos (237) for blending
and packaging.

20 To produce Halal polymer resins it is required to use non-animal based additives


or animal based additives which are certified Halal by governing authorities. According
to the present invention all stearates, fatty acids, amides and anti-acids derived from
animal based components are to be substituted with equivalent products such as plant
based and/or Halal certified animal based additives.
25
WO PCT/

Chemical Name Function


Magnesium Aluminium Hydroxy Acid scavenger
Carbonate Hydrate
Calcium Stearate Acid scavenger, lubricant
Zinc Stearate Acid scavenger, lubricant
Oleamide ( cis-9-octadecenamide, Z ) Slip agent
Mono and diglycerides of fatty acids Anti-static

Table 1

The above Table 1 lists a number of additives which can be derived either from animal
or non-animal based ingredients.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an enclosure may be


provided at the whole manufacturing units to prevent ingress of external contamination.
10 In another embodiment, an enclosure may be provided at any exposed manufacturing
units and in particular the additivation, bagging and product warehouse areas.

The enclosures may include panels (305), fencings or nettings (303) as shown in
Fig. 3a. The enclosures are installed to surround and cover the manufacturing units
15 and/or equipments against ingress of contaminants such as dirt, filth (najs) and stray
animals. As shown in Figure 3a, manufacturing units A and B are separately enclosed.
The enclosures include raised concrete walls (301) at the bottom section for
preventing ingress of stray animals or pests at the ground level such as rodent and
wire netting
(303) at the upper section for preventing ingress of flying animals such as birds and
20 flying insects at an elevated level.

For enclosures where mechanical ventilations are provided, the wire netting may
not be required. The enclosures are provided with at least an aperture to allow access to
the unit and for product and goods movements. The aperture (309) may be provided
25 with strips (307) to prevent ingress of birds into the manufacturing units or equipment
WO PCT/

which may contaminate the products as shown in Fig. 3b (i) and (ii). Advantageously,
pest control system is provided to further enhance the cleanliness and hygienic
aspects of the overall manufacturing environment.

5 Fig. 4 shows a flow chart of a method for qualitative analysis for determining
animal based elements from polymer resins. The analysis can be conducted using gas
liquid chromatography (GC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) method,
Electronic Nose (E-Nose) technology or Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) or
Molecular Biology techniques or the like.
10
An analyzing method of identifying animal based components such as lard may
be performed on the additives, commix batches and/or the finished products. To ensure
that the polymer resin is completely free from animal based components, a two-stage
verification process (401, 403) may be provided on the analysing method as
illustrated
15 in Fig. 4.

According to the present invention, the process ensures that only Halal raw
materials and Halal additives are used in the manufacture of polymer resins and the
entire process is conducted in a hygienic environment free from contaminants, in
20 particular najs. Verification of the Halal status of the polymer resins manufactured may
be done by an in-house analysing system.

Fig. 5a shows a flow chart of a method for selecting and verifying Halal
ingredients for animal based sources or origins. Ingredients that are to be processed in
25 the manufacturing units must be selected and verified. For example, ingredients must be
verified as to whether they originate from permissible or non-permissible type of
animals. Next, ingredients which are derived from permissible animals may be
verified Halal by means of certificates and/or other supporting document issued by
governing authorities and/or suppliers/vendors.
30
WO PCT/

Fig. 5b shows a flow chart of a method for selecting and verifying Halal
ingredients for non-animal based sources or origins. The ingredients may be verified by
identifying whether the ingredients are of pure plant sources or mixed plant sources.
The mixed plant sources may comprise of components such as animal-based, chemicals
5 and minerals. The mixed plant sources that contain animal-based components will be
subjected to the verification process as illustrated in Fig. 5a. Mixed plant sources with
chemicals and minerals and which do not contain animal based components are
qualified as Halal.
Ingredients from pure plant sources are verified by means of certificates or
10 equivalent documents issued by suppliers and the governing authorities. In absence of
the certificates or equivalent documents, qualitative analysis can be conducted to
qualify the ingredient as Halal.

The verification processes as illustrated in Fig. 5a and 5b may be performed


15 through an automated and systematic analysis such as a computing system.
WO PCT/

Claims

1. A method for ensuring that polymer resins manufactured for use in the
production of consumer products including packaging and films for packaging
5 for food (solid and liquid) and drinks are Halal by introducing effective
barriers around the manufacturing and processing apparatus along the entire
manufacturing process to prevent any external contamination of the raw
materials, intermediate and end products to prevent contamination, in
particular by elements regarded as najs.
10
2. A method for ensuring that polymer resins manufactured for use in the
production of consumer products including packaging and films for packaging
for food (solid and liquid) and drinks are Halal by selecting and verifying that all
ingredients used in their manufacture are Halal, in particular, only additives of
15 non animal based sources or origins or from permissible animal sources or
origins under Islamic law, are used.

3. A method for ensuring that polymer resins manufactured for use in the
production of consumer products including packaging and films for packaging
20 for food (solid and liquid) and drinks are Halal by analyzing the additives,
commix batches and/or the polymer resins manufactured to ensure the absence
of any animal based elements such as animal fats and pig derivatives.

4. A method for ensuring that polymer resins manufactured for use in the
25 production of consumer products including packaging and films for packaging
for food (solid and liquid) and drinks are Halal by:
a. introducing effective barriers around the manufacturing and processing
apparatus along the entire manufacturing process to prevent any external
contamination of the raw materials, intermediate and end products to
30 prevent contamination, in particular by elements regarded as najs,
WO PCT/

b. selecting and verifying that all ingredients used in their manufacture


are Halal, in particular, only additives of non animal based sources or
origins or from permissible animal sources or origins under Islamic law,
are used; and
5 c. by analyzing the polymer resins manufactured to ensure the absence of
any animal based elements such as animal fats and pig derivatives.

5. A method as claimed in Claim 4 further comprising a step of administering a


system for maintaining Halal ingredient databases and procedures.
10
6. A method as claimed in Claims 1 and 4 wherein the enclosing of
manufacturing units includes panels, fencing and netting for preventing ingress of
contaminants such as dirt, filth or nnys elements from pests including birds,
animals and their excrements.
15
7. A method as claimed in Claims 1 and 6 wherein the panels surround and cover
the whole manufacturing units.

8. A method as claimed in Claims 1 and 6 wherein the panels surround and cover
20 any exposed manufacturing unit.

9. A method as claimed in Claims 1, 6, 7 and 8 wherein the panels includes


raised concrete walls at the bottom section for preventing ingress of animals or
pests at the ground level such as rodent and wire netting at the upper
section for
25 preventing ingress of flying animals such as birds and flying insects at an
elevated level.

10. A method as claimed in Claims 3 and 4 whereby the analysing of the


polymer resins comprising identifying the presence of pig or other animal
derivatives
30 such as lard by using gas liquid chromatography, Fourier Transform Infrared
Spectroscopy (FTIR) method, Electronic Nose (E-Nose) technology or
WO PCT/

Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) or Molecular Biology techniques or


the like.

11. A method as claimed in Claim 4 wherein the selecting, verifying, and analysing
5 process is performed through an automated and systematic analysis such as a
computing system.

12. Halal polymer resins for making Halal consumer products including packaging
and films for packaging for food (solid and liquid) and drinks are made only
10 from Halal raw materials and Halal additives where the additives have been
verified as Halal manufactured in a hygienic environment free from
contaminants regarded as najs under Islamic law.

13. Halal polymer resins as claimed in Claim 12 wherein the hygienic


15 manufacturing environment comprising:

a. introducing effective barriers around the manufacturing and processing


apparatus along the entire manufacturing process to prevent any external
contamination of the raw materials, intermediate and end products to
20 prevent contamination, in particular by elements regarded as najs,
b. selecting and verifying that all ingredients used in their manufacture
are Halal, in particular, only additives of non animal based sources or
origins or from permissible animal sources or origins under Islamic
law, are used; and
25 C. by analyzing the polymer resins manufactured to ensure the absence of
any animal based elements such as animal fats and pig derivatives.

14. Halal polymer resins as claimed in Claims 12 and 13 for use in the production of
consumer products including packaging and films for packaging for food
(solid
30 and liquid) and drinks that are Halal for Muslim consumers and suitable for
Jewish consumers.
WO PCT/

15. Halal polymer resins as claimed in Claims 12 and 13 for use in the production of
consumer products including packaging and films for packaging for food
(solid and liquid) and drinks that are Halal for Muslim consumers and
suitable for
5 vegetarian consumers.

16. Halal polymer as claimed in Claim 12 wherein the selecting, verifying, and
analysing process is performed through an automated and systematic analysis
via a computing system.
10
FEEDSTOCK CATAL ST/H2 STE N2 ADDIT,IVES WOVEN BAGS
LETS
105 107 109
101 103

AcfC/kcIC
LASHIN
RIFIOA+IQN REACTS

MON O ME R8s CO-MON O


ME R RECOVERY

2010/0139
Fig. 1
POWDER 215

217

W
210

CONMIX
NEED HOPPER POLYMER METERING UNIT
221
SCREW FEEDER

POLYMER/AOO1T1VE METERING UNIT


223

237 CONTINUOUS MIXER

229
227 225

DRYER GEAR PUMP

2010/0139
GLASGIFIER OIE PLATE
EXTRUDER
SCREEN CHANGER

Fig. 2
WO P

3 /
WO P

4 /

Fi
6
1st Stage 401
Analysing

W
Product On-Hold

2n° Stage 403 Product Release


Analysing

2010/0139
Reject Product Product Release

Fig. 4
Animal
Fig. 5a Baséd
Y = Yes/Pass
N = No/Fail
Permissible
Animal ?

W
Syariah
,Slaughtered *

Non-Halal /
alaf Cert fro
(Syubhat) oveming bo Halal

quivalent Halâ
Cert

2010/0139
overning bo
verification
Non-Animal Based Ingredients
Y = Yes/Pass
N = No/Fail

W
Pla‘nt Pure Component ?

Mixture
Halat Cert r equivale

c ontains animal
Chemicals Minerals
components
Letter of onfirmati

Hata
ertificate f Analyst

uaitativé

2010/0139
Analysis

on Halal/ Fig. 5a (Animal Based Ingredient

Syubhat
Fig. 5b
INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT internatlonal applicaaon No

PCT/NY2008/000078
A. CLASsincxriON OF SUBJECT MATTER
INV. C08d5/00 A23L1/00 B65D85/00 C08J5/t8

According to International Palenl Classification (IPC) or lo both national classification and IPC
B. FIELD6 SEARCHED
Minimum documentaton searched (classificat\on system followed by classification symbols)
C08J A23L B65D

Documentalion searches other than minimum documentation to the extent that such documents are included in the fields searmed

Eleclronic data base œnsulted during the international search (name of dala base and, where pradical, search terms used)

EPO-Internal, WPI Data

C. DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT


Category” Ciation of document, with indiœlion, where appropriate, of the relevant passages Relevant to daim No.

EP 1 767 468 A (PODD STEPHEN D [LS] ) 1-t6


28 f4arch 2007 (2007-03-28)
page 2, 1 i ne 9 — I î ne î0
page 6, 11ne 29 - 1 i ne 34

US 2003/198826 AI ( SEYDEL SCOTT 0 [USB) 1-16


23 October 2003 (2003—\0—23)
paragraph [0027J

EP 1 775 320 A (CII TSUI CHEFIICALS INC [JP] ) 1-16


18 April 2007 (2007-04-18)
paragraph [0033J
paragraph [0047J
hS 5 997 906 A (k00D THOhAS 9 [US] ET AL) 1—16
7 December 1999 (1999-12-07)
column 2, 1ine 14 - line 33

}( Funher documents are listed in Ihe côntinuation of Box C. )( See palenÎ family annex.

* Special categories of clled documents :


'T” later document publisned after lhe international filing date
or pûority date and not in conflict with the application but
’A’ document defining the general slate of lhe an which is not ciled lo understand lfie principle or ltieoiy unöerlying Ihe
considered lo be of panlcular ielevance invention
”E” earlier document bul published on or aller the international ’X° document of panicular relevance; the claimed invention
filing date cannot be considered novel or cannot be consldered Io
’L" document which may throw doubts on priorily daim(s) or involve an inventive slep when the document is taken alone
which Is cited to establish lhe publication dale of another 'Y° document of particular relevance; the claimed invention
citation or olher special reaæn (as specified) cannot be considered to involve an inventive step when Ihe
'0' document referring to an oral disclosure, use, exhibition Ol documenl is œmbined w1h one or more olher such docu-
olher means menls, such combination being obvious to a person skilled
in the an.
'P' document published prior to the intarnational filing date bul
bter than the priority date claimed '6' document member of the same patent tamily
Dale of the actual œmpletion of Ihe inlernatioræl search Date of mailing of the international search reporl

27 April 2009 07/05/20D9


Name and mailing address of lhe ISÆ Authorized officer
European Patent Office, P.B, 5816 Patenllaan 2
NL- 2280 HV Rijswijk
Tel. (+31-70) 340-2040,
Fax: (+31-70) 340-3016 Nüller, Marcus
PornRCT SU2io(seeondshee4(*p'12005)

page 1 of 2
INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT International appllcation tjo
PCT/MY2008/00 0078
C(Conanuatlon). DOCUMENTS CONSIDERED TO BE RELEVANT

Category“ Clarion of document, with indlation, where appropriate, ol Ihe relevant passages Relevant to claim No

US 6 969 530 B1(CURTIS JONATHAN MICHAEL 1-16


[CA] ETAL) 29 November 2005 (2005-11-29)
column 4, line 60 — line 62

Fom pCTJSA/at 0 (continuation of secand shaet} (Aoril ZOOS)

page 2 of 2
INTERNATIONAL SEARCH REPORT
Information on patent famlly members international appllcation No

PCT/MY2008/000078
Patent document Publication Patent famlly Publication
cited in search report date member(s) date

EP 1767468 A „ 28-03-2007 US 2007071590 AT 29—03—2007


_
US 2003198826 A 23-10-2003 US 2005123780 A1 09—06-200S
1 17—07—2007
04-07-2007
EP 1775320 A 18—04—2007 CN 1993418 A 09-02-2006
kl0 2006013774 AI 04-05-2007
KR 20070047274 A 25-12-2008
US 2008315065 A
1
US 599 7906 A 07-12—1999 NONE
_
US 6969530 B1 29—I 1-2005 NON
E

Form r›cT/ISA/21a (patant family annax I (April 200S)

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