Cloud Unit 4

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Unit 4

Cloud platform: What is a cloud platform? A cloud platform refers to the operating
system and hardware of a server in an Internet-based data centre. It allows software and
hardware products to co-exist remotely and at scale.

So, how do cloud platforms work? Enterprises rent access to compute services, such as
servers, databases, storage, analytics, networking, software, and intelligence. Therefore, the
enterprises don’t have to set up and own data centres or computing infrastructure. They
simply pay for what they use.

Types of Cloud Platforms: There are several types of cloud platforms. Not a single one
works for everyone. There are several models, types, and services available to help meet the
varying needs of users. They include:

 Public Cloud: Public cloud platforms are third-party providers that deliver
computing resources over the Internet. Examples include Amazon Web
Services (AWS), Google Cloud Platform, Alibaba, Microsoft Azure, and IBM
Bluemix.
 Private Cloud: A private cloud platform is exclusive to a single organization.
It’s usually in an on-site data centre or hosted by a third-party service provider.
 Hybrid Cloud: This is a combination of public and private cloud platforms.
Data and applications move seamlessly between the two. This gives the
organization greater flexibility and helps optimize infrastructure, security, and
compliance.
A cloud platform allows organizations to create cloud-native applications, test and build
applications, and store, back up, and recover data. It also allows organizations to analyse
data. Organizations can also stream video and audio, embed intelligence into their operations,
and deliver software on-demand on a global scale.
Cloud platform in Industry: Major vendors and their offerings
Introduction to Microsoft Azure: Azure is a cloud computing platform that
was introduced by Microsoft in 2010. It gives you the ability to create, manage, and deploy
applications across a vast global network.

Microsoft Azure also offers a range of services to help your company address the existing
and potential business challenges in your infrastructure and applications.

Microsoft Azure has the second-largest share in the cloud industry. It also has specialized
regions for compliance or legal purposes.

 Microsoft Azure is a Cloud operating system and a platform in which user can
develop the applications in the cloud.
 Generally, a scalable runtime environment for web applications and distributed
applications is provided.
 Application in Azure are organized around the fact of roles, which identify a
distribution unit for applications and express the application’s logic.
 Azure provides a set of additional services that complement application execution
such as support for storage, networking, caching, content delivery, and others.

Amazon Web Services (AWS) –


 AWS provides different wide-ranging clouds IaaS services, which ranges from
virtual compute, storage, and networking to complete computing stacks.
 AWS is well known for its storage and compute on demand services, named as
Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) and Simple Storage Service (S3).
 EC2 offers customizable virtual hardware to the end user which can be utilize as the
base infrastructure for deploying computing systems on the cloud.
 It is likely to choose from a large variety of virtual hardware configurations
including GPU and cluster instances. Either the AWS console, which is a wide-
ranged Web portal for retrieving AWS services, or the web services API available
for several programming language is used to deploy the EC2 instances.
 EC2 also offers the capability of saving an explicit running instance as image, thus
allowing users to create their own templates for deploying system. S3 stores these
templates and delivers persistent storage on demand.
 S3 is well ordered into buckets which contains objects that are stored in binary
form and can be grow with attributes. End users can store objects of any size, from
basic file to full disk images and have them retrieval from anywhere. In addition,
EC2 and S3, a wide range of services can be leveraged to build virtual computing
system including: networking support, caching system, DNS, database support, and
others.

Google AppEngine –
 Google AppEngine is a scalable runtime environment frequently dedicated to
executing web applications. These utilize benefits of the large computing
infrastructure of Google to dynamically scale as per the demand.
 AppEngine offers both a secure execution environment and a collection of which
simplifies the development if scalable and high-performance Web applications.
 These services include:
 in-memory caching, scalable data store, job queues, messaging, and corn
tasks.
 Developers and Engineers can build and test applications on their own
systems by using the AppEngine SDK, which replicates the production
runtime environment, and helps test and profile applications.
 On completion of development, Developers can easily move their
applications to AppEngine, set quotas to containing the cost generated, and
make it available to the world.
 Currently, the supported programming languages are Python, Java, and Go.
Aneka in Cloud Computing
 Aneka includes an extensible set of APIs associated with programming models like
MapReduce.

 These APIs support different cloud models like a private, public, hybrid Cloud.

 Manjra soft focuses on creating innovative software technologies to simplify the


development and deployment of private or public cloud applications.

 Our product plays the role of an application platform as a service for multiple cloud
computing.

o Multiple Structures:
o Aneka is a software platform for developing cloud computing applications.
o In Aneka, cloud applications are executed.
o Aneka is a pure PaaS solution for cloud computing.
o Aneka is a cloud middleware product.
o Mania can be deployed over a network of computers, a multicore server, a
data centre, a virtual cloud infrastructure, or a combination thereof.

Multiple containers can be classified into three major categories:


o Textile services
o Foundation Services
o Application Services

1. Textile Services: Fabric Services defines the lowest level of the software stack that
represents multiple containers.

They provide access to resource-provisioning subsystems and monitoring features


implemented in many.

2. Foundation Services: Fabric Services are the core services of Mania Cloud and
define the infrastructure management features of the system.

Foundation services are concerned with the logical management of a distributed


system built on top of the infrastructure and provide ancillary services for delivering
applications.

3. Application Services: Application services manage the execution of applications and


constitute a layer that varies according to the specific programming model used to
develop distributed applications on top of Aneka.
Architecture of Aneka

Aneka is a platform and framework for developing distributed applications on the Cloud. It
uses desktop PCs on-demand and CPU cycles in addition to a heterogeneous network of
servers or datacentres. Aneka provides a rich set of APIs for developers to transparently
exploit such resources and express the business logic of applications using preferred
programming abstractions.

System administrators can leverage a collection of tools to monitor and control the deployed
infrastructure. It can be a public cloud available to anyone via the Internet or a private cloud
formed by nodes with restricted access.

A multiplex-based computing cloud is a collection of physical and virtualized resources


connected via a network, either the Internet or a private intranet. Each resource hosts an
instance of multiple containers that represent the runtime environment where distributed
applications are executed. The container provides the basic management features of a single
node and takes advantage of all the other functions of its hosting services.
Services are divided into clothing, foundation, and execution services. Foundation services
identify the core system of Aneka middleware, which provides a set of infrastructure features
to enable Aneka containers to perform specific and specific tasks. Fabric services interact
directly with nodes through the Platform Abstraction Layer (PAL) and perform hardware
profiling and dynamic resource provisioning. Execution services deal directly with
scheduling and executing applications in the Cloud.

One of the key features of Aneka is its ability to provide a variety of ways to express
distributed applications by offering different programming models; Execution services are
mostly concerned with providing middleware with the implementation of these models.
Additional services such as persistence and security are inverse to the whole stack of services
hosted by the container.

At the application level, a set of different components and tools are provided to

o Simplify the development of applications (SDKs),


o Port existing applications to the Cloud, and
o Monitor and manage multiple clouds.

An Aneka-based cloud is formed by interconnected resources that are dynamically modified


according to user needs using resource virtualization or additional CPU cycles for desktop
machines. A common deployment of Aneka is presented on the side. If the deployment
identifies a private cloud, all resources are in-house, for example, within the enterprise.

This deployment is enhanced by connecting publicly available on-demand resources or by


interacting with several other public clouds that provide computing resources connected over
the Internet.

Hybrid Cloud: Integration of Private and Public Cloud


Public Cloud: Public Cloud is a type of computing in which resources are made available to
the public by the service provider via the internet. Resources Cloud Storage, Virtual
machines etc.
Advantages:
 Easily scalable resources according to current requirements.
 Ease of accessibility i.e., via the internet, anywhere.
 Strict security policies to secure user’s data
 Services according to organisational requirements i.e., IaaS, PaaS, SaaS.
 Hassle-free maintenance.
 Efficient Disaster Recovery mechanism.

Private Cloud: Private Cloud is a type of computing model in which resources are made
available within the organisational premises. Facilitates a secure cloud network which can
only be accessed by specific users or clients.
 Flexible and improved allocation of resources to different departments within an
organisation
 High level of security
 Efficient upgradation of resources
 Virtualized operating environments making the network is more resilient to individual
failures within the infrastructure.
 Allows sensitive processes to switch to public cloud easily.

Hybrid Cloud: Hybrid Cloud is an integration of both Private and Public Cloud for high
efficiency in performing distinct functions in an organisation. For example, an environment
created mixing On-premise, private cloud and public cloud (i.e GCP, AWS, Azure). This
framework efficiently utilises the advantages of public resources to upscale their internal
resources without risking an overload in case of unexpected spikes in usage.

 Ease of scalability.
 Cost efficiency much greater than private cloud
 Enables more private functions to run on Private framework and sensitive functions to
run on Public.
 Highly secure and flexible according to organisational needs.

How Hybrid infrastructure can be used?


As hybrid cloud facilitates the maximum reliability, an e-commerce organisation can use a
hybrid model by hosting their website on a private cloud for security and their brochure in
public cloud to take advantage of scalability.
Alternatively, an organisation can host their application on a private cloud and take advantage
of the public cloud for ease of scalability of storage.
Cloud Applications:
1. Protein structure prediction in Cloud Computing

 Cloud computing is an emerging technology that provides various computing


services on demand. It provides convenient access to a shared pool of higher-
level services and other system resources. Nowadays, cloud computing has a
great significance in the fields of geology, biology, and other scientific
research areas.
 Protein structure prediction is the best example in research area that makes use
of cloud applications for its computation and storage.
 A protein is composed of long chains of amino acids joined together by
peptide bonds. The various structures of protein help in the designing of new
drugs and the various sequences of proteins from its three-dimensional
structure in predictive form is known as a Protein structure prediction.
Firstly, primary structures of proteins are formed and then prediction of the
secondary, tertiary and quaternary structures are done from the primary one. In
this way predictions of protein structures are done. Protein structure prediction
also makes use of various other technologies like artificial neural networks,
artificial intelligence, machine learning and probabilistic techniques, also
holds great importance in fields like theoretical chemistry and bioinformatics.
There are various algorithms and tools that exists for protein structure
prediction. CASP (Critical Assessment of Protein Structure Prediction) is a
well-known tool that provides methods for automated web servers and the
results of research work are placed on clouds like CAMEO (Continuous
Automated Model Evaluation) server. These servers can be accessed by
anyone as per their requirements from any place. Some of the tools or servers
used in protein structure prediction are Phobius, FoldX, LOMETS, Prime,
Predict protein, SignalP, BBSP, EVfold, Biskit, HHpred, Phre, ESyired3D.
Using these tools new structures are predicted and the results are placed on the
cloud-based servers.

2. Data Analysis:
Data analysis is the process of collecting, modelling, and analysing data to
extract insights that support decision-making. There are several methods and
techniques to perform analysis depending on the industry and the aim of the
investigation.

All these various methods are largely based on two core


areas: quantitative and qualitative research.

Importance of data analysis:


1. Informed decision-making: From a management perspective, you can
benefit from analysing your data as it helps you make decisions based on
facts and not simple intuition. For instance, you can understand where to
invest your capital, detect growth opportunities, predict your incomes, or
tackle uncommon situations before they become problems. Like this, you
can extract relevant insights from all areas in your organization, and with
the help of dashboard software, present the information in a professional
and interactive way to different stakeholders.
2. Reduce costs: Another great benefit is to reduce costs. With the help of
advanced technologies such as predictive analytics, businesses can spot
improvement opportunities, trends, and patterns in their data and plan their
strategies accordingly. In time, this will help you save money and
resources on implementing the wrong strategies. And not just that, by
predicting different scenarios such as sales and demand you can also
anticipate production and supply.
3. Target customers better: Customers are arguably the most crucial
element in any business. By using analytics to get a 360° vision of all
aspects related to your customers, you can understand which channels they
use to communicate with you, their demographics, interests, habits,
purchasing behaviours, and more. In the long run, it will drive success to
your marketing strategies, allow you to identify new potential customers,
and avoid wasting resources on targeting the wrong people or sending the
wrong message. You can also track customer satisfaction by analysing
your client’s reviews or your customer service department’s performance.

3. Satellite image processing:


 Satellite Image Processing is an important field in research and
development and consists of the images of earth and satellites taken by the
means of artificial satellites. Firstly, the photographs are taken in digital
form and later are processed by the computers to extract the information.
Statistical methods are applied to the digital images and after processing
the various discrete surfaces are identified by analysing the pixel values.
 The satellite imagery is widely used to plan the infrastructures or to
monitor the environmental conditions or to detect the responses of
upcoming disasters.
In broader terms we can say that the Satellite Image Processing is a kind of
remote sensing which works on pixel resolutions to collect coherent
information about the earth surface.
Majorly there are four kinds of resolutions associated with satellite imagery.
These are:
Spatial resolution – It is determined by the sensors Instantaneous Field of
View (IFoV) and is defined as the pixel size of an image that is visible to the
human eye being measured on the ground. Since it has high resolving power
or the ability to separate and hence is termed as Spatial Resolution.
Spectral resolution – This resolution measures the wavelength internal size
and determines the number of wavelength intervals that the sensor measures.
Temporal resolution – The word temporal is associated with time or days and
is defined as the time that passes between various imagery cloud periods.
Radiometric resolution – This resolution provides the actual characteristics
of the image and is generally expressed in bits size. It gives the effective bit
depth and records the various levels of brightness of imaging system.
Thus, Satellite Image Processing has huge number of applications in research
and development fields, in remote sensing, in astronomy and now even in
cloud computing on a large scale.

4. CRM and ERP in Cloud Computing

What is CRM?
CRM stands for Customer Relationship Management and is a software that is
hosted in cloud so that the users can access the information using internet.
CRM software provides high level of security and scalability to its users and
can be easily used on mobile phones to access the data.
Now a days, many business vendors and service providers are using this CRM
software to manage the resources so that the user can access them via internet.
Moving the business computation from desktop to the cloud is proving a
beneficial step in both the IT and Non-IT fields. Some of the major CRM
vendors include Oracle Siebel, Mother node CRM, Microsoft Dynamics CRM,
Infor CRM, SAGE CRM, NetSuite CRM.

Advantages: Few advantages of using CRM are as follows:


 reliability and scalability
 Easy to use
 Highly secured
 Provides flexibility to users and service providers
 Easily accessible

What is ERP?
ERP is an abbreviation for Entity Resource Planning and is a software similar
to CRM that is hosted on cloud servers which helps the enterprises to manage
and manipulate their business data as per their needs and user requirements.
ERP software follows pay per use methodologies of payment, that is at the end
of the month, the enterprise pays the amount as per the cloud resources
utilized by them. There are various ERP vendors available like Oracle, SAP,
Epicor, SAGE, Microsoft Dynamics, Lawson Software’s and many more.

Advantages: Few advantages of using ERP software’s are:


 Cost effective
 High mobility
 Increase in productivity
 No security issues
 Scalable and efficient

5. Social networking:
Social networking, as shown by the massive user groups, has become an
everyday part of the lives of many people. Some groups also surpass the
population of large nations, with more than 400 million active users on
Facebook, for example. Social networks offer a medium to promote user
contact and sharing, thus modelling relationships in the real world. For
example, there is a multitude of integrated applications and some
organizations now use the Facebook credentials of a user for authentication
rather than requiring their credentials. Social networking has now expanded
beyond contact between friends.

Via storing heavy multimedia content in cloud storage systems, social


networks help improves Internet usability. The most popular material on social
media is videos and images, which utilize the entire space available to them.
For all of their resource needs, they have the potential to slow down
applications and servers. Vendors of cloud computing, such as Salesforce and
Amazon, currently provide numerous services, including Customer
Relationship Management (CRM) and Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP).
When they deliver these items through cloud storage, without buying
standalone software or hardware, consumers can use the simplicity and
scalability of the system.

Social networks, in addition to storing heavy data, use cloud storage for data
analytics. So, users can very easily obtain a lot of structured and non-
structured knowledge. The new and improved analytics that Facebook shows
for the benefit of its corporate users is a typical case. Backup costs and data
recovery costs have been significantly reduced by cloud storage. When data is
processed in one location, there is a high probability of losing the data in times
of catastrophe. It becomes next to impossible to recover missing data. With
cloud computing, however, the data is stored on remote servers and remains
available throughout the world. This allows social networking websites to
store their users' private information that they cannot afford to misplace under
any circumstances.
Cloud Applications:
Cloud Computing has its applications in almost all the fields such as business,
entertainment, data storage, social networking, management, entertainment, education,
art and global positioning system, etc. Some of the widely famous cloud computing
applications are discussed here in this tutorial:

Business Applications: Cloud computing has made businesses more collaborative and
easier by incorporating various apps such as MailChimp, Chatter, Google Apps for
business, and Quickbooks.

SN Application Description

1
MailChimp
It offers an e-mail publishing platform. It is widely employed by the businesses to
design and send their e-mail campaigns.

2 Chatter
Chatter app helps the employee to share important information about organization
in real time. One can get the instant feed regarding any issue.

3 Google Apps for Business


Google offers creating text documents, spreadsheets, presentations, etc.,
on Google Docs which allows the business users to share them in collaborating
manner.

4 Quickbooks
It offers online accounting solutions for a business. It helps in monitoring cash
flow, creating VAT returns and creating business reports.
Data Storage and Backup: Box.com, Mozy, Joukuu are the applications offering data
storage and backup services in cloud.

SN Application Description

1 Box.com
Box.com offers drag and drop service for files. The users need to drop the files into
Box and access from anywhere.

2 Mozy
Mozy offers online backup service for files to prevent data loss.

3 Joukuu
Joukuu is a web-based interface. It allows to display a single list of contents for
files stored in Google Docs, Box.net and Dropbox.

Management Applications: There are apps available for management task such as time
tracking, organizing notes. Applications performing such tasks are discussed below:

SN Application Description

1 Toggl
It helps in tracking time period assigned to a particular project.

2 Evernote
It organizes the sticky notes and even can read the text from images which helps the
user to locate the notes easily.

3 Outright
It is an accounting app. It helps to track income, expenses, profits and losses in real
time.
Social Applications: There are several social networking services providing websites
such as Facebook, Twitter, etc.

SN Application Description

1 Facebook
It offers social networking service. One can share photos, videos, files, status and
much more.

2 Twitter
It helps to interact with the public directly. One can follow any celebrity,
organization and any person, who is on twitter and can have latest updates
regarding the same.

Entertainment Applications

SN Application Description

1 Audio box.fm
It offers streaming service. The music files are stored online and can be played from
cloud using the own media player of the service.

Art Applications

SN Application Description

1 Moo
It offers art services such as designing and printing business cards,
postcards and mini cards.

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