umor Year 2022-2s

Name Surmit
Class mehantcas ergg
Subject Heat tonsfer Roll No. 2210249908
Semester Sth
X

IN DE
Submission Date Remarks/Signature
Experiment Description Experiment Date
Sr. No.

O1Study t CondueHn
heat tansfer in
Compo&ite agal

O3>Study abot heat

tans fer foom
pin--fio.

o9Studg about

04)4udy ab ot
thermal Conduct
irity meta

asStudy abot
Stefan boltman
apparats.

Study abo Heat

4ran&fer tDugh
NatTa onveHon.
 Erperiment No. -o1
cIASsMAte
*
Heat tronsfer 4hToyh Conmpogite es O1

Study of Coduction heot 1*ansfes in Composite

A IM=
To detemine total ther mal Ses igtance
+hes ma Condectiv ity t Compo&ite reOce. To
Calculate +hermad . Condueivity Of« one roote rial
in Compo&ite To plot the temnpenature
proile along
along the Conposite
Conmposite usau.

Cashen ateMpeature qradient eisB

there tron&er frm the hig
termpergture oegin too
Ener 8tyansfferred
Tans fex at
tthe DoYe terpeature9Iadieat
AT

cOhen the poo portionaity Constant iA ingeTted.

-KA T

cohexe q
Heat toaner nate
dTld) Temperatune aradien.in the dire et het
Khemal conducivity et the matenal
 cIASSMAte
Otg
Pagn

*Theoxy
Aclirect apicaion of forÍYS law is h

plane fourier'b euti on

ohere the +hermal Comdetivit i8Cenaidees

s
ConstontThe ual hickneas X
and Ti and

materia i preAeNt, as in he muliplayerL

1n mate
he temperatureATadienta three

t-K,A AXA
--KcA
Axe

Descriptin
The ppaatws Consist t heoter &ardui che
a

betuoeetso sbeo& heet Three 8labs et

diterent mateid are povíde4 on both ides
CernpOßite gtrueture.
AB
heter,hih fsn
pres-frome ib provided to
eNAure He perfear
Contat blo the sabs A
yarionee iÀ poorida
the
p
to the h
eotes& meaturerm ent
Voltme
dgital
are emheds
Ammeter. Temperatuse aentm
bl inner ae Ahe the slab, tó reod tb

+emperatuse athe Bua he enerim

jp &

calculatim Can
Can be mode aceoraio
 lclASSMAe
Date
Page: OB

Utiues egied
O
Ele aticty&pyiSi phose 220v Ac, soH2
S-1SAmp

Benh
a
rea
procedure I
Experiment
TOHNledure
OEAurthe oNains oNoeR Soí+eh given On

theponel is
a
at off positi on 2dimnmerstat

Coneet nc 8ppy to the &et-up

Vo l4n
Set the heaser ilp by -the
th aimes8tet
hour, NOte doon the readin
volt eteY ompebre ad tenperaturei
taye afer 10 nmînete
the
Teadng et tenperatures
COXiMrocadure
OAer espenment ( overrehe dirmer
S+at to epOsitin.
8f+eh ofFhermai
Suoite oFF electc

Ob&evationA &

Caleati ons
 cIASSMAte
Oate
Pogn:

DATA -
mm
O.02_m20
O.O2m
3 OD|2_m (2m

ObservaHontable
T4
|7 T T3
VA
NO-(Vot(Ams 23-8
359So-3
02-) O-913$3:9 44 s336344 25-4
264

02:) 68-2 S2. |5y

Calcletie
TO Lot
plot the itemperasure profile
3S
DiStance
SS. 43|6
Avg +em
At d
istance

At distonce 20 tep. (T4t Tle

At distance Bs Arqtemp. (Ts t Ta2

Heat sppUed bthe heat er,

Amout et H
eat Tangler,
csthere
A d
m.
 eIASS MAe
:
Date
Page: S

lifferene AT
Overal teMp 2.

herrmat cnductny

X3

Nomnencare
A Area heat tsanfer,
Diamnete, m

Therma) censo

Theral CEdet vì t t roeswondM|me

hema Baretewwm'e
Amoutt HT,
4Heotfln
Rt To tel thermal e
tonea t Csmpdre

T = 1
erfoes tem
T s Tu Lhertce 4-em
 elASSMAte
Date
Pag8

Ts &T Lnterfae. temp: 2^4 ae 3r4

Vol|4 neter red

Heat

MS

pres

Precaions:
)e tte Stebiuze Ac &inale phare spply sny
The o|+y Shoed

Ceeg cmner Stet at

Stert

indcat
 E DperoentN Date
Page:

1emperatuYe distbun
forced
To Study the pinunder foe
fsee and
the e lenqth ota
eat tsangfer.
Coveionh
Itroduio: are ed to a
o
Ho8
E4ended urfas from rom a sutees
Aure to
heat fan8 fer
rate increase val
+he
henenex tto&&ibe
íble to
Core btiient
+he
beat transfer the feuid.
erence b he ae
db- ornmon and the
To et &hapes. cATÁnferenticl
fabscated, in er a

andpiNataketoCenene
Panoiua eCanples

*
familiar etomplos S4 Ck t
tha
a
tn
u
Tfeee
It i8 obyio temp
Vet tan a
fe 8ufaThe
fron prima2
diminish Ot
negu
The desio et the fins herefoe fin The
eoge t the temp: dsto bios
Aompe pi h.
TOetemp: dstabuie
tanhm)
in ett etveneA ml
 T- Tr Cos hlnCL-n])-+HSinhmlL-M)
Cosh(mlt H
Sinh(oL)
T-Tr
wohere ,Tr ree sream temp: e
ar

L length et the io

fin porome er (m)= he

kA

C
= peimeter

iA Conne
end
a
the deet os
det. Theet other
po

bloer a and the alr

&tien 8ide
to the
the is heat by ahecter,
ots ide dt and
e
t he fin
rature at Ave p+s ag he leth
Tem RTO PT 1o0 type tem
-
roeeUTed he air
+he legth
measuTed an meteroneblouer.
dlive

oia. tfAo= 124 nm

135mm
Lengt ot he in
pipe =
dia. t the
( ca )= 0.64
Co-et.iiens bt dscharge
eleme
(13 Naturos Conyoion volH
heaser
t-he Bay
Stet to
 cIASSMAte
Page: 9

( 23 ote eoonthe -
en ensora ead
(3:) hen St-eady ede tA
Teaehea
Qrnien

)
Reat the Soe eeri mnt

2) orced onvetin
froUre
Sta
5he heae
anel adt dimm Stet

Stes+ the bloCoand +hediferene

t- lere

3
O4e doon the ten ens
mterval et

4) hes S4esly Stete iA seehe, oeord t

to aso
arobient

pepet +he

Ob8ervati ons
 (10)

manometet
An bient peacu
Eperi Pooex

T
T3 Ty Ts T6

Cm

fercd
Cenveon
free
ConveetHon

CalcainM
free Conven
ete
Ti+T t Ta t TtTs

*c (Te =T6)
I
Q=
he w
As% AT

Tm

AT= Tm-T
Tm t T
2

1
KA
(Tnf t 2731S)
4,= afo'aT Nn bis3 (GX)
V2
 cIASSMAte
Pags:

A= m
-anh(m3
rm

Cosh m(L-n) H

Sin mlL-n J

Comy + H

in (rol)
base te st
espeimnta

Tm T¢

and

hen

Tm T+T tTs ty tTs

Tae
Tm Tm t
2
Te

m2
 .
AH hi-he -)
AH

Ja'- a,t
m)s
A
m

LTe +2331s J
anal

Nu Kar ,wme
he

EPiCeny
ten(ml)
m

hA (Ts-Ta)

Coshmll-ny t H

To-Te ColhmL) HStohm)

Tam baretem 1 =T
 cIAsSMAte
L3

and aaboVe 4han 230v of

Soiteh 55) betre

op
-Jixea
are at

4) AHsey

Tsowl shoHy
pon
the ghty hee the
Nosnenlatre
nn
ot pipe

A m

A-s
m

feimeter
dJa.

Acc elera to to -8ty-

Grarhofts
bh nmononeter eaol

H aram
ramter )

tH Head
hey metel
reral
haet annt o-ebtew, n..
Eeme
Amete

kair Ther Csnoetty wm'c

pron no.

Amout haat tanfet

a
surtee tem
Tm
mentem

Volmer Te
V' vety t
m
m] s
atl
 Éenment
Emissiv meaA urenent oparatus * cIASSMAte
Date :

4he Rasli aios be

bet tsanAfer b
blaue
body and testplase.
Atm
find
plae.

terpmit thema rodia

ion1nernna ali tim an leto
Coa ve an doe
ptn A
maseril nmem
bodes Can enn{t- ad)atir
have
etthe rodati
fon the 8uraund

and
The

the emisdive
QndiA ually denoted
the t 4he emisive
e
Bu ree to e
missiue

fr a
blat body
b
abrptivity =I and by th
Cou
ircho Law ot
 beones nety Emissivity be
bleer body nature t 4e sta
&uree dpend 4he

eimentel dg
and temp. The to meaUTe
qnd fetcoted &urfeeoat
the test plae

i &ize and is pondd sit

Copper p
lates ideial p
Cote rnounted
n

hea coi1& %ond ttehs The

enoue uny The heaty
8ue
endtured natural
vaied
y a
sparate linmo
T]p to tthe hear

Stat po
ao|+mt
The +ep +he
Soitehes. &etr
A Cept
Another PtD terp
ne ead the am ient

plate
lampbtae to fom tne ideaiA ed bok &urtae
he
p
lote
& e
te4 plae
1+o be determin)ed, he heat er 1nPut to te
tuo plote are is&ip aed eepeso
Condei onvein and SalUatini he +hat
n&wh:
a eey iesiatin
unde Steady Stete te het Aor toth
onveiiA &amne
Case, wrnes te Burfee teMp
4ne
Chorte
beeae
to
eren
 cIASSMAte
Dats
Pagn:

UHUHes Teuired
electicity 8uyfy pha se, 22ov Ae4 V
Am

Eyermenta pooeedure
Gradually joCYease the
e E
to the hea ter
plate adjst it to
to t est plae
b
Cek pot e

Chee the tem? t te tuo Plases woit

fMterals and od iust e
IP t he
he dim mer stet +nat
maintaidOesarne term

tate
he Steady Stee

GAfHex ae the Stedy Stete, Contio

seord +tne tenoltOeerd and Armmete
for kb ot e
Catea,

Tne potedwe fovano

sder

S
Hcation
peel
OTestplate eia 1 60 mn
_Bloue plase - .
(9) da, S te tr hothplaes A, O- ov.
C4) Vo|trme ter 300V|
 3 NOS,

(6 Heater for t et lote and b(ar

p þlete.
het and sanduoiched blto
&
7meinica
sica
m

A( T T,4)

t Speeirn to be deterJ,
(9 &mis&i viy

ßo|t3nan 6nStont (o) S-64x|*

Ste fan w/me

Blcuk plate'
v , =
Voltage, Amperage Iposenput,, Vr Blar plabe, Tl)

Tesr ptose
Anpeange watay
volle Ts,'.To
 cIASSMAte
:
Date

secaio'and man
hntenanin8ton
the stebi Ci3e A-c
betore

ensun
the an
to beater Stas
3 Voltaye
undiktured
ne smby
au
S) Nee hoe
tha 160 voltd
(e t terN

frea fom du
aporatw

shawaig +he |p

cheeKk he fue and

ight
e
MaOA
bea

voltaag qiren to heater

tne
no Tijh he hetex &oeret
ompee doer hate
bus mea
jtehit
and
Nonenclate
Heap to coae th lamp bloK,

Qs Het I to +est
to test ?
(at

A
Ts - 8
urfee tem
Amers +e. bt

to be detemd
Emiasivi
 Experiment No-o4 cIASSMAte
Thesma CondcHvity ta meteu ro4 Deto
:

ObjeHYe P

Study Condeios heat trans er in met od.

-
Aim To eersine thera conducHvit 4
etaJ

phyica popety de?ned as the abiity

Sebtane. to Cenclect heat. ThesMal Condeuiy
dapenl&
Stede matter, cYStaljne Stsuetee et a
soud
the ternperoture
hosnqgeneoun maerial
Thee
abe heater oitl heat the bos oSite and
hea sil be he bo
othe end• Sine the
+hat te heat trofer
tte Ceper masny deee to a
nial
CondeeiSn ond ot Steady State heatCnte
ghau be equa to the beat abtoA the
usaer a
end. The heat Cond cees
Steacystate +emperature
the rOd. T= f) the st eoy State
heat balnce at tthe end

Hea
Cesduuced
|=-kA dt
 22

ty t
So,thernal ondc
K=
-A (dt1
a
Steady tete he hoat
anial ond in can be
rmainy
the ermpratre ÀenSGA
veri ied b

nsusin materia eadings

dia
enan i n
hee
The rae
raph bo

t a
met bos, one end
The
a
pora comiA+
t shich iA heted ban
0her ed he mide Ailled
ugth
Coa ed b Cyeinieo shel
bar iA &uol pousder. The ternper..
theheaser
+heatbestoA inua at diterent on
8et
+he irs)mer Stet for cEnt
he heat
irCwaed erature
temp erture noted two +ernP

2Amp
eleit Bpy; 1 phas, 220v A,
 cIAsSAtc
Date :

Coynet
Garnerto dan
Jiven
fane are at
ENsure that
fone
Stas t
at Cten
head

SoHz).
Susrteh onthe fone)
Ssiteh

Smiete interal
80me tnTe
sUre that ahien

Ca dre

Adjust
(3) Susiten ott thepanl it thha
Si+en ven estapones

34aCold.
 n
XSPeiica
ber 2Sm

+e Se-f
bar
mounted
No
denp RTDPT -400

dia

dia
S
tat f haater 2
Am, 23ov Ae

oto 2s Armp.

tempert
Tem?
mui chanes Busi ten,
Ob erratim

Tempe 1 3

See

Te 3 (nt enp et cold uate

gsined esas er (ct S

Hes area
Hes tater Poi
 clASSAte
ate :

Fago: S

obtein he sope dTd

e
alea

Cosnp ce it cith the eitecaure

Kcopper
=
3322 (coashna.

meitenon Ces insteis

StabiUz AC Bingla
n
hase
Nerer Swith betre
ensunA the
Qe tt oAiHs:
roltaye to heater to be StaH ¡ncren sLouty
ed,

Neer Usthe
and above tan
G)OpeTate &eletr Ste teat

TDe posaibili

ot eo
ondA+

Ne
nt bo
ae satr

ternp.
 Ecpeiment No.
cIassmAte
(ate

Stefan bol13ron aP parat ragm:2

Obeive in
adiatin heas tani fer by blaao
and Study

A`n: To fnd Stetan bo|+ ron Cs tant

ntodeeisn:A| Sbstaees temp

eletmaye ALI bodio

Oediem
em
a
part

ai t emal
Theory The most Comony e4
Stean
tetes tha

emmive Pour &urfa

The Conton popaHalit

The Steon bol+3nan

loncrA la
sp
Oves tte ente etun o
2velengts
LSave fr
o
to
The obetw
 a
hemisr here
h
hanisfhere
ifed aboe
t
fthe hernPhere Tne Corer test nodeeed
ee The 8enr
are roesuA

ne

eeired
Beh sea

a
loe neno
t
Qre at
3
PositHn.
Connet eatri
dsied
deoremes ont

i eJ
seevi

openig 94

Noote
 ciAssMAte
ngo
29

Closi
eperime

hon aham ber heae

dren

Data
Obenan

te TJ:t 293

m
A

th rahTv t and
 raneane

betereeUg
Nerer
ONloff tehe
 clASSMAte
Date
:1
Heat tansfe tho gnatral eonveN

lon vert on.

Heat trans fer trouhnatna
Aim To na o the Hea transfer o-eicient
et veical Cyinder fn atusa Conve
Apporatui
appasa meo Heat tansfer
fr
Co- ebci ent

AppaÝat descsipHon
e an fabicated
Dotural ConveH oy phenomenom fm
term t aNerageheat
sanses Co-etieient

iA op t top and botton

fashion. The dt
Qnd ferms and eno SeA uehich eVshe
side
made t ka acryua f vAualigan
A VertHcal ube
heat elernent
The
hieh heat fs_BUTfe
fson
enVe n
The temp eratuYe
e heat
2eren -{emperatu
1he heater
and vo meter and Can voned
Citau
dinrnes Stat•
 Theo i
moton psodeCad dus to
Thefwd
hoge in density es wti fo temperate
adien t The mehonism ot heat toana fer in nve
Cated fse natnel
these
Cenve t the Pinple mode heat oasfer
frPipes, tns mi33in ie emgeratiy cot,
and mong other poaucaJ
hot sadatr

The moement t feud in fe

Cenven tefet +hat tfd
Paice in imnediate vidnty hot obe
beeSSe saner thon
ho dns 7ty:The oes fid
be efaed olou idereat what
ase Caled Conveti Ces. The Carnt
orynat shen body forea yraritanal, entnga
feeed in ghes ttere
aTe dens ity sodient The fore uihen inttea
bueyon
preng enee ot gra
furee usheh b
dei
ond the bedy
peocedue
Soiteh onthe sayp y
and adjyt he ner

+etet input
diner Stet and adst de ed heat

aut emperature

(4) Note doon the input

 jcIASSmALe
Oate
|as:33

pta
piameter (DJ= 36mm ang 4h(4)Soor

eet 220 vo1 2

voltae Ampexe Ti Ts T6.

AsI-Tas

As JtDL

Te
=
TtT t Ta +T +Tr +T +Ta

Ta
 dime Stat at Zeno potkitorn betc

nner
INce
e
+he oltage gday
.

Dont Stop dyfy bfo he tes

Operate honnel eiteh t tennperatre indic

NoSen clare

Amere

Ta Arnbjet teem.
Hect toanstes co-eten
H
eat foanSer
As = 8tae area
Dia 4ebe

t es e
E
=
lenth
t
tbe&Urta

T
T. CwreAenp