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lndefi nite
lntegration
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 I ndefinite I ntegration

1. INTRODUCIION

The concept of integntion originated in course of finding the area of a plane figure. It is based on the limit of the sum ofthe series
whose each term tends to zero and number ofterms tends to infinity. ln fact, it is called integration because ofprocess of summation
as integration means summation. But later it was observed that lntegration isjust the inverse process ofthe differentiation.
ln integration we find the function whcse differential coefficient is given. For example consider the fi:nction 5x4 we want to know
the function whose differential coefficient w.r.t..x is 5xa. One such function is-I5. Again since differential coefficient ofr5 + c is 5r4,
where c is an arbitrary constant, the generat form ofthe function whose d.c. is 5r4 is 15 + c.

Ifd.c. ofa tunction F(r) is/(x) i.e., if ! f g = 1r1 , Uen we will say that one integml or primitive of/(r) is F (x) and in symbols,
tlt
we write
J .f(x)dx=F(x).
The process of finding the integral ofa function is called integration and the funclions which is integated is called the integrand.

tr 4
dx
r(rl =/(-.t ttre, aro {
da
(F(-r) + c) =/(r), wher€ c is an arbitrary consart.

I
Thus, here general value of dr is F (x) + a 314 ir constant of integration.
J/(x) " "ullsd
will change if c changes. Thus, integral of a function is not unique. Thus,
Clearly, integral
J.f {ia, *itt have infinite number of
values and hence, it is called indefinite integral of/(x).

2, FUNDAMENTAL INTEGRANON TORMULAE

since
f {s {x)} =,f 1x1a Jf<x\ * = e(.r) + c, based upon this definition and various standard differentiation formulae, we obtain

the following integration formulae:

tl. J,'a-=!1 +c.n+-l (ii). 1 dr=loglxl+c,whenx*0

Jx
o' *,
(iii).
J
ddx:d+c (iv).
J
d d*=
log" o

(v).
J
sinrdr=-cosx*c (vi).
J
cos,rdr=sinr+c

(vii). sec2xdx=tanx+c (viii). cosec2xdr=-+otx+c

J J
(ix). secilanidt=secr+c (x). cosecrcotrdr :-cosecx+ c
J J
2 lndetinitelntegrction

(ri). J;F dr = tan-r .r * c or -cot-r x * c

W
I
(xii). dx: sin x* c or- cos-l x+ c
I
I :
(xiii). dx cosec-l x*c ol-sec I x* c
J
l,l ,2 -l
3. PROPERTIES OF INDEFINITE INTEGRANON

t. t' J'I ft.r) ar - t J'[/1r1, where t is constant

J ttt*ltil'1,
,,
..xf,(x)l*= !fr{,\a,x lt<la,*...t lf,$)d,
Ittustration 1 Find the iDtegral
x3 +5x2 -4 dx.
J ,,
Solution
x) +5x2 -4 dx
J x1

sl *=t-*s*-+ -24
+c=:+5jr+-+c
= * s - t'-')a, = [,a' * a' - +J
J$
" 2 t+) 2x
Itlustration 2 Find the intesral
J, (, -i)*
Sotution

jr(,-i)* =
Jr,,-rr*= 1,, *-l ldx=L- x+C 3

Ittustratlon 3 Find the integral

sec2 l dx
J ;;;,;

Solution

J#*=J cos2 .r

.1
I
dx
J$* =
J
w'z xdx =
J
{r""', - l) dr = J sec':.rdr - J t ar = uarrx - x + c
sln r

Itlustration 4 l'rnd the mtegral o, the tunctlon

. sin3 x + cosS *
t cos2 ,
"rn2
5olution

sinl r+cosl r ,*= sinl x sinx cosr

u +- "orj, = , --sln_ -x = tan x SeC ri COt x COSeC x
sln_ xcos_ r sln_ -xcos'-x srn'xcos'-r cos'x
sin3.r+cos3 -t :
J sin2 x cos2
dx:- (tan r secr + cotr cosecx)dx sec x - cosec.r + C
,r J
 lndefinite lntagration 3

Illustration J- * =./(x) + c, then find tt" tutu" or

5
" I J{d
Solution

I * =
I#-J--*- =
J
(/1'}
r -I # =
t+ -!
fi =,o,, -r,,, * "

I r- + cos- -r
Illustration 6 Evaluate l- cosec'xr&.
J l+xz
5oIution
(x2 + cos: .r)
6
J cosec2xdr = 1(t+x2-sin2x) *.""2r4, r* -I = - "otx - tan I x *
(l-11 J (t+x2)
=
Jcosec' fp C

Concept Apptication Exercise 1

l. Find the integral

J o-
x)J; dx

2. Find the integal :inx*

r;2-.1
cos x
3. Find the integral ofthe function - cos 2o
cos 2.t
cosr-cosa
f tan,r
4, Evaluate l_dx
J sec -x + tan -r

5. Evaluate [+x +(x+t 1+(x+2)(x+4) d\

J

4. INTEGRAn0N 0F FUNCilON T(ox + b)

tl Ilt.tdt Ftat+bt,r..
Theorem:
JJLt
F(r)-Cthen I lta,'+6tJr -
Proof: Let4r+ b= tthcaadx=.lt
I= + hlll.\
= ).l \at
= -J1(t\dt
I I
= r(r)+c= r'@x+b\+c
aa

Iltustration 7 Find the integral ofthe function sin2 (2r + 5).

Sotution
sin2 12x + 5;dx
J
l-cos 2J2x + 5) (4x + l0)
sin2 12r + 5y = - I - cos 2

J
sin2 12x + 51 dx =
fl-cos(4x+10)
Jz *=il,*-iJ cos (4r + l0) d
4 lndefinito lntog@tion

ll
2? (*E*)..
:;,-* sin(4r+ r0)+c

Illustration 8 Find the integrat ofthe function sin r sin 2r sin 3x.

Solution
sin x sin 2x sin 3.r dr
J
=
J[.', , j,*, , r.r - 3r) - cos {2x + 3x)}]a&

= jJt.t r"o.r - rinrcos 5x)&

I *- I lsinrcos5xd
- 2Jisin2x
2 2J

=
it="] i Jj{'m t'*s')+'in
(x-5'r)} dr

-cos 2x I r 6x sin 4;r) dr

= -f -; J,rin -
-cos 2x I [-cos 6x+-l+(
cos 4xl
8 4L 6 4 )
- cos 2x I
88 l::Tt.=o]..
I
co"z'r]+c
8 t=t
=t l-
Illustration 9 Find the inteoral 611hg fir16116n l::9:j
" I+ cos.r
5oIution

.l ^ 2x-.,
zsln (
-cosr ---------------1 "x .r \
= = tan "-=lsec'--ll
l+cosr 2 cos2 I 2( 2 )
2
-
.x
| - cosr
tan -2_
J I +cosx J
,"c2 ,) +C--2tat 1-x+C
2 1 2
2

td\
t_
Illustration 10 Evaluate
J11.=-.
(2x -7\ I xz -7 x +12
Solution
d\
J (2x-'7),1x2
-7x+12
2d\ 2dr
J (2x-1 J = sec-l(2r - 7) + c
4x2-28x+48 l2x -'7\ lQx -'7)' - |

--_
 lndefinite lnteg?lion 5

sin h
Illustration 11 Evaluate
I sin r
Sotution
sin 3r 3sinx-4sinl x
J sin x J sln J
d.r =J 3dx - J
stn'rdx

=3x-2 J (l cos 2r) dr + c: 31 2r+sinZr+c:x+sin2x+c

Illustration 12 Intesrate the function

' -:-]:-
Jx+a+Jx+b
Sotution

,^l;i -.,ETt -,t;., -.t;.b -(J*; -J'.bl

Jr+r+Jt* J*+, + Jt+t Jx+a - Jx+b (x+a\-(x+b) a-b

lm**=*lg r-r,+o)a,
(x+a\2 (x + b)2
(q-b) 3 3

1 2 ]..
') 3 l
(x+a)2 -(x+b)2
3(a - b) ]..

Concept Application Exercise 2

l. Find anti derivative of sin 2r - 4e3'.

2. Find the integral ofthe firnction sin 4r 3-y cos
3, Find the integral ofthe function sin3 (fu + l).
r-s'nr(2 +2 2r)ra{
4. Evaluate Icos sin
J cos .r + sm.r

J tt*zr+:1 "+l+...)a..
5. Evaluate

6. Evaluate
J*,-
5. INTEGRANON BY SUBSITTUIIONS

lfg(x) is a continuously differentiable function, then to evaluate integrals ofthe form, 1: I IGGD .
c' G) dr,we substitute g(r) = ,,
andg (x) dx : dt.The substitution reduces the integral rc I to a,. After evaluating this lntegral, we substitute back the value oft.
J
Some Standard Trigonometric Substitutions:

Expression Substitution
d'+r x=atan0oracot0
t-i x=asin0oracosd
6 lndelinitelntogrction

i-a2 .x:asec0oracosec0
t;- t;+. x=acos20
\i;-{;
Ei x-a)(x-p)
, = g e62 g+ B sin2 0
\ a-,
Consider 1: (sin"r.cos'r) .d,t,where m, le M
J
(i) Ifone oflrl and n is odd, say rz, then substitute cos.r: ,.
(ii) Ifbothareodd. lhen subslitute cos.r = l or sin x - ,.
(iii) Ifboth are even. use trigonometric identities only.
(iv) Ifz and n are rational numberc una I t * I - 2 I is a negative integer, then substitute cot r = p or tan .r : p.
l))'
Some Standard Formulae:

,. J1 f'lxl 4., =los /r r)l+r

f\r)
2. (/-1')'- *.
!lfr,n' f'@a,=

2x
Illustration 13 Integrate the function
t--"'
Solution

,:l#*
Let I +l=1. Then2xdr: dt.

+ ,: ILa,
:rcrl,l+ c:los(l +;)+c

Illustration 14 lnteslate the functio

" x+xlog-t
Soluton
| a.= [ I *
[ x+xlogi(
J J -r(l+logr)

Let I + log jr = r. Th rn ! d*:d,.

.x

l*=l!a,=bel
= [
J .y(l + logx) Jt
rlic-rosll-rogxl -c
I
Illustration 15 lntegrate the function

Solution

i;;*=Jr4rra
 lndefrnite lntegration 7

Jqra*= [? o, =r^*lrl + c:2 los I {- I I+ c

Solution

l"^-'1- a"
J l+r'
Let tantr:, =
fi *:a,
*= c
!ff 1, ":et+c:etan-"
+

Iltustration 17 Integrate the function "2'-l

Solution
"'\l

["'.'-t a,
J et'+l
Dividing numerator and denominator by d, we obtain
(rr' - l)
e' e'-e'
(e2'+l) e' + e-'

Letd +e-'=t = (d - e-') dx: dt

+ J#;*=J#*=!*=roe rr+c:rostd+e=t+C

x'
Illustration 18 Evaluate:
J
T*, dt
5olution
x' x2 -x
J ffi J
ffi dx

Put ?+2=t2 =xdx=tdtandf =I 2

(t' -?r
z, *, -
(" +])'''
J t I t,' -zla, ='] - -2(x2 +2)ttz + c

Iltustration 19 Evaluate: | ,"in

2' , d*
J Sln r+cos r
Solution
I sin 2x 2sinrcosr f2tanxsec2x
t-&
l.^
J sln + cos^x
.Y
e= J
sln ir + cos _(
dx=
J l+tan"x
I lndefinite lntogration

Puttan2r: I + 2 tan x secz x dx = dt.

+ t-lJ d. =t^ rl+C=tan'l(tan2x)+c.
t+f

I
ILlustration 20 Evaluate:
I .r' Vl + r'
dx

Solution
Put .r = tan 0
= dr: sec2 0 de, the

+l
17fu*=l##=l cosec 0 cot 0 d0 = -cosec 0 + c
x2
+c.

It[ustration 21 Find the integral ofthe function cos

r - sin r .
l+sin2x
Solution
cos -x - sln .r cos .x - sln .x cosx-sln-r
I +sin 2-r (sin2.r+cos2 x) +2sin xcos.r (sinr+cosx)2
Letsinr+cosr:,
.'. (cos r sin x\ dr = dt
cos.x-slnr Il-dx=
cosr-sinr -l
=-r-' +C=sinx+cosx
.
t-" dt +C
J I + sin 2-r J 15in r + ccis x)r J 2 J

@@[[ Evaluate
JG-rdx.
Sotution

t: !"["'t *
Let d-l=?
d dx =2t dt -dx= -- dl
t' +l

r J,]\a,=J*a
I a].\-at=J za-I f,= r, -, ^-', * " = 2Ga - ao-'.FJ * "
I[lustration 23 Evaluate l-:Af
1tl'(x)-2[(x),
' ]..t 1t,y
Sotution
x2 f'(r\-z,l(r)
xf'(x)-2f(x) t
I =J
.f.'^, Dc)
{;'
 lndefrnite lntegration I

Let .-,f(x)
t- -'-'
x'
,2 7'1x1- zx 11x1
dt
x

j idt =2,fi +c =2 {r
IIG) *c=2ff *c

I[[ustration 24

Sotution
(2x + 3)
dx
J (x2 +3x')(x2 +3r+2)+l
Put *+3x=t + (Zx+3)dx=dt

j dt | =c----]-
I d'.=c-,+l
r(t +2)+l J11+l)z xr +3r+l

Illustration 25 F-valuate rlogx(logx-l)dr

Solution

I: I,r log,r (log x - l) dr

=J log ,r (x log x - x) dx
I\t -rlogr-r=,
logxdx=dt
,=l dt

=1 ?+c
2

:1 (x tog r -x)2 +c
2

SoIution

J
r'(ln er) dx: J l(l + lnr) dx

kt t=ix=ir,6\
!! =r t + rnx\
dx

ch = t + C = x\ + C.
J
10 lndefinitelntegmtion

dt
Itlustration 27 Evaluate 1=
J l+la"
-l'
Solution

t:l--LJ
t+Jo2 -t2
Put t=asir.0
cos 0 d0
I: T sin0+sin0
(cos0 +sin e) +(cos0 -sin
I |f :-------------- 0),20
a J sinO+cosO

: f [[, * "ot'-t'n''l*
2JL sin0+cos0l
lg+ I loplsino+cosol+c
=
2 2 -'.
L/r)
sln 'l l+los r+^lij *,
:2- -
\o)

I
Iuustration 28 Int€glate the fiJnction
,.,1* - *'
Solution

;R
I

a
Let
I =6=-\at
Iffi*=l a
ct.--
a
\2
cl

t2
dt

t t t)

:I I
al hr
I
dt

\, ,,

=' : I
+,-, " = - ll,"r *'1.." =- :[,'F].' ='lF )."=-:('F) +C

Ittustration 29
rl.................._dtt
sin 2x
Evaluate:
J 1l+4 cos x)r
5otution

/= J[ rir2,
.*_;2sinxcosx_*
1l+4cosx)' J 13+4cosx)'
Put 3+4cosr=,
4 sill. xdx = dt
 lndefinite lntegration 11

r= _!
8 !+.
7- il"
I
8 J

=
1l 3l )*c
8l t 2t2 )
= z,_l *c
t6r
8 cos.r+3
+C
16(3+4 cos x)2

Illustration 30 Evaluate
11-
.r+ v-r +z (.r.
J
Sotutlon

Pur ,+,[7i=t
= *+z=?+*-zoe
2
')

So, l= J
.r+ ^[,+z a, : l[r1.4)a
*
=
f,l l'' at * [ r''' at = ! f'' - rL * ", o,6"r. I =, .f, ' * z

sin 2.r ,-1"o.t

2
dt
Illustration 31 Evaluate
J
Solution

sin 2x l-1"o*
2
dr
J
Put sin2x+cos3x:,
(2 sin.r cos r - 3 cos2 x sn x) dx = dt

2 sinxcosr j*"r) *:r,

[,-
I: Je 'dr = -e-'
+g = - r-Gnrr+coJrt * a

Itlustration 32 Integrate the functio

*2 1to +l1i
Sotution
3

l
I
l 1,
I
3 3
I
l '('.i)'
,21rn + lyi 14 +l x- (,')t r*+ r*+
x2
[,( x
l
)' I x )'
.r x
x )' '('.i )'
12 lndefinite lntegralion

I
Clearly, derivative of I * __; lS- 41 5.

x
so,tet t+]:r
r
-!-154a*=a, - *-s 4, = -!!
_1
I I

T *c=-(r*{)i*c
t7
J'*l r*+
I

x I'
dt
4 J 4
4

Evaluate r-ll (l + 'r4) l'dx.

J
Solution

j ll
d\
ttx J
dr
t2
r I+-xa
2
l+llxa
Let r+]=lano j*=2,a,
,_t & _ I l2tdt
' J r't(l*Vro)"2 4J.r8r

= -IIu -tt2 dt = -t Jr- -2,'-r)d,

ts 2t3
=-;I-_-+t
53 l*",*n"*,=rf
j
d\
Illustration 34 Evaluatq: '
J ,t{l + r:;0"
Sotution

tef -
dx
J ,'?(l + ,s)44 J
,u[1*,)0"
\x' )
Let ,:r*{ +at=-ff
r= _! dt _rr,5 +c = _(r+l)"' * c= _
(r*.t')"' *.
5 J 1' =

Iuustration 35

Solution
Evaluate
!f*,*
(x+lt dr
'=!f#*=t+W=
x37
J ]t2
(;-.'
Lel
)-"=' '(j'")*="
 lndefinito lntegtation 13

(,*!)a,=-!a,
\ x,/ z

,:}T In=T
dtl +C=
]_
+C

{;-*

Ittustration 36 n*r*", J,*;f;1;aa,

Sotution

'=16-,**i,*=JdT**
Let
r-l 3&
-----------=
- =dt
x+2 (x + 2)'
t4
tt4
r=!3 J I
o, =!(
3l t/4
)*.=1,'^*.-01'-'
3 3(x+2
+C
13t4 )

Ittustration 37 Integrate the function ---

{sinr x sio (x+o)
Solution
I I I cosec2r
/.., - t-. .r-----
{sinrxsin (x+a) {sinr rlsin x cos a + cos x sin a) sin'xJcosa +cot r sin d {cos a +cot rsin a
Let cos d+ cotr sin d=,
- x sin d,dx= dt
cosecz

j lxsin(r+a) dx- J "ose"2,

a+cotrsina
dr

:11+=.Lll6*c
StndJ.\,/I StnAL
-l
sln a [zrC"ra+*trrira.l+c
cosxsinc+c- ,Ci" *
") *'^
-2 2 (.t
cosa+- =_-
sin c sin x sin c 1i .ir,,

Ittustration 38 -
Interatc the functio" E
li r+Jr
Sotution

,:!ffi*
Let ,: cos20 + dx=-2sn0cos0d0
14 lndefinile lntegration

- I cos o
{-2 sin d cos a do)
J l+cos0'

(l :
- cos 0) sindcos0d0)
J I - cos2 0
(l - cos o)
,in o o do
J sin 0 "o.

=-r l (cos 0- cos2 e) d0

=1J cos0d0+ J
1 cos2 0 d0

=-, COS e d0 + (l + cos 20\ de

J J

=-2sing+ e*"b20 *c
2

: r*2sinocose -2sito+c
2

: 0+ -cos2g.cos0- 1-cos20+C
: Ji+ Ji_l' Ji -z..lt -, + c
"o.-'
: -zJl-x +cos-rJr+r,/x-x2 +C

I ln (ln .r)
Illustration 39 Evaluate
J ,1,-. *
Solution

j xlnx
(h r)
ln
dr,let/:ln(lnr)
dt ll
d\ lnr x

= r: Jtat= f,,'*c=){n<n,t)' *c
Evaluate /t"-' + fiG]a'.
Solution

Let /- J(v[*,. v6",,) *= JqffiD*

Put sinx-cosx=z .'. (cos r + sitr J) dr = dz
Also sin2 x + cos2 x - 2 sin.r cos x = I
sn2t=l-?
t: JI J'd' =Jrsin-r z*c
Jt'"
: f sin I (sin x --cos x) + c

l
 lndelnite lntegralion 15

t!+'
Illustration 41 Eualuate I (9,+x+l).. d.
.r

Solution

,=lffi*
[e-'(x+
r)]e-'x
dr
J (l + (x + l) e-')2
I,ut (x+l)e-'=t
| (x + l)e" +e ') dx: dt
e'(-x)dt:dt
1= -[J "1'-
r)r
11+

: -l r[+r-l dt
J (l+,)r

: (iu+ i;r")
-

I
=C-los(l*r)-
' l+l
-C-los(l
- -(x+ lle', '
l+(x+l)e-r

@Evaluate,formeN,t{i^+i^+*)(L}"+3t+6)ll^dx'x>0.
Sotution

r=
J$'^
*r'^ *'") (2rz^ *3r' *6)tt- 6
.r +_x +.r
iI (..) ( 2x2' +3x^ +6
)"^ dr dx

= ,^-')(zr3^ +tr2' *ar^)''' &

J(r'--t*r"'*
Let zf^ +*. + at:t
dt : 6n(l^ ) + i^ -t + i'n -t\ dx

1+t
t
t= Jl,v^ 6m- 6m!-+cdr
| ..
-+I
m
| (zr'- *lxh +6x^\\n+tt/n
= t
+C
6(zr+l)\
16 lndefinite lntegrclion

6. INTIGRANON OF ELEMENTARY TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCNONS

Standard Formulae:
r.J tanxdx=lnlsecxl+C
,.J cotrdr=lnlsinrl+C
3.J sec.r dx = ln lsecr+tanrl+ C: ln tan (;.;)1. .
4. I cosec r dx : ln lcosec x - cotrl + C= ln l* rl* c
I 2l
sin 2-r
Illustration 43 Evaluate: dx
J sin 5-r sin 3.v
Solution

; 2x o1= [ sin (5.r - lr)

sin
J sin5tsin3r J sin 5r sin 3r
=J
sin 5-r cos 3x - cos 5x sin 3x
dt =j (cot 3r- cot 5r)dr
I
log lsin 3xl
I
log lsin 5xl + c
sin 5-r sin 3x 3 5
-dx
dx
Ittustration 44 Evaluate:
J sinx+cosx
5oIution
ldr
t--
J sm-r+cos.r
I
j .nE dr
=f J**" (,*z) * =# "l*(;.;)l."
srnrcos-+cos.rsm-
44
Illustiation 45 Find the integral ofthe function
cos (.r-a) cos (,t- 6)
Sotution

I I sin (a- a) l
cos (x-a) cos (x-b) sin (a-6) 1."il, - ").""(r_a1]
I sln (x-6) -(x _all
sin (a- D) cos (;r - a) cos (r - b)

I sin (x - D) cos (x - a) - cos (x

- D) sin (x - a)
sin (a- 6) cos (-t - a) cos (r - 6)

- :_- [tan (x. b) - tan (x - 4)]

srn (a -D)

f I a.=fJ t
J cos (r - a) cos (r - D) ,t(r-r) J[*t,-al-onrx-a)ldx
I
[- log I cos (r- D) | + log I cos (.t-a)l] + C
sin (a - b)

I
sin (a -D) [..1tr"+l]..
 lndefrnite lntegration 17

Iltustration 46 Evaluate
lp*
Solution
I
*=[----J--*
J l+sin r
dx=
J
@ 'Ji"^(X.;)
=
# i**" 1r. ;) * = a "rl,*,(;. ;)..
Concept Apptication Exercise 3

l. Integate the tun"tion, JiIF .

2. Integate the function ,r \, +2 .

sec x dx
3. Evaluate
J cos 2r
4. Find the intcgral ofthe function tanj 2r sec 2r

5. Find the integral of the function .-f-----

stn .\' cos' -r

6. lntegrate the function 1tr llr'r,r5

& :
7. lf v=
J , *dy = g when x : 0, then find the value of.v when.r 1

l+x2 )

dr
8. Evaluate
J IF
-r' .dt
l. Evaluate
J , ,6 .

(.rr + a)

10. Evaluate 13 ./
rx;.
J ltan

I l. Evaluate
tog(,.+r.[F) r/t
J Jl+x'
12. Evaluare e3W, (x4 + l)- t dr
J

13. Evaluate
cot r dt
J Jsin x

14. Evaluate cosec x atr_

J
uG cos 1"6;
15. Evaluate dx
J J;
16. Evaluate secP x tan xdr
J
18 lndefinte lnteg@tion

t7. Evaluate [ ---L- ar.

r
("'*"-')'
fsinx+cosr
18, Evaluate
JI sin (r-d)
dx dx.

19. Evaluate I
J
tan.r tan 2-r tan -]r dx.

7. INTEGERAIION OF THE FORM

tdx
J quadratic

Standard Formulae and Forms:

(i)
dxl tantX-+a
J 22
Proof: Let r: a tar. 0. Tlten dx: q sec2 0 d0.

l#=l#n* L""n'I
a'(l+t,n'e)
J
ae=! tae=!e*"=Lt^''!+"
a

,,', 1*=*'l;1."
Proof:

I * =
* I(*- fi) * = itnl r- a *^l#1.,
| - r,, I x+o r) .
"
=

[. d. t4' J,.*"u,r*'lG.r,*;;f *' j---J- -;--a

'iil acos'x+bsin'x a+bs
J J

Working Rule: To evaluate this type ofintegrals divide numerator and denominator both by cos2 x, replace sec2.r, if any, in
denominator by (l + tan2 x) and put tan.r = t. So that sec2 r dr = dt

(iv) Form I --=-l-.a

J a+rslnr+cms-x
WorHtrg Rule: Write sin x and cos x in terms of tan (r/2) and then substitute for lan (xlz) = t.

(v) Form IPcos+qsqr+r d

+, sm r+c
J a cos r
Working Rule: In this integral express numeralor as, 1(denominator) + p (diftl. ofdonominator) + I
Find I p and 7by comparing coefficients of sin x, cos x and constant term and split the integral into sum of three integrals.

r rd-c. of (denominator) f &

nJd*lJ d*".i*r* d-rJ;;r+b"orr+"

(vi) Form l@:+l)e

r .E- +bx+c
\vorklng Rule: This linear factor (px + g) is expressed in terms ofthe derivative ofthe quadratic factor a:f + ,r + c together
with a constant as:pr .r= p*+bx+cy + p +px+q=lQqx+b)+lt
ff(x
Here, we find ,l and I and replace (pr + q)by l1(zax+b)+ Pl'
 lndefinite lntegration 19

I I
I[[ustration 47

Solution

!z|;*= I (x -l/ 2)z +3/ 4 dt

I x-ll2 2 2x-l +C
J (x-tt2)2 +(Ji t2)2
dr
6i tan
.!3 /2
+C=
6 tan
J1

Ittustration 48 Inteerate the function

-
l- .
l-.o
Solution
x7
l-x6 t -(rr)2
Derivative ofl is 3l
Let I =t
= 3i &=dt

r* - =
:J3=i[i *l ii l]..= * *li*l..
Ittustration 49 Evaluate:
J#*
Solution
r*1 r*+
,=J#*= h+e=l x dx
x'*-= (.-+l +2
x

Let x- L=t +d (,-!\=0, - ('.;) dx=dt

x \ ,/
dt
: I tan x-Vx I ,2 -l +C
J =lon-'f
7;($f Jz l. o )..= J2
I

Jz
+C= :
Jz
tan
Jz,

Illustration 50 Evaluate [ ,''l' ,*

Sotution

r-4 r-+
x'
,=! *-Ll*=1 a- dt
J
tk
,2 +t +] r+-x -P I
x-

Let 111=u.Then, d
x
r+-xI ,-+) dx=du
20 lndelnite lntegration

': l;+=
^"1=1.'
,*1-t
:l x 1 *c=
2
log
,+1+t
x
2
log
Iti+il +C
Illustration 51 Evaluate [ ---i- dr -
.'ro+xJ+l
5oIution

r:l- dr

Lel l=t = --La,=J6O;

dx:
2-x dt
|
t= J t2 +t +l
dt
2

I
t+-I
=:J dt =L2 tan 2 +C
l+- I .6 J1
2 )'.( 2 , 2

6
I
tan
2r
6
+l
+C=
E
I
tan '
-r
2x2 +l
+C

dx
.-----------
52 Evaluate
J 9 + l6sin' x
Sotution
d\ r & I sec2 x& r dz
(z: tan x)
J 9 + l6sin2 x J 9cos2 x+25sin2, g+25r*r2, J J g+2sr'
lf l ----------------
dz I I taniz. c
=
-25J " (3\, -. 25 -315 -+ 315
z'+l-l
\s/
L tan 5z l' '-+c
5tanr
-15 -+c=-tan 3 15 3

Itlustration 53 Ir
J 5 -*; =' *-' (' * ;) - t' then fi nd the values of a and 6'

Sotution
d\
J 5+4cos.r
dr
J .1X 1X -Y x
5 srn_-+cos_- --sm ,
2 2 ).,.( "o"2 2
 lndelnite lntegrction 21

dr sec' -2dx
=j J
9 cos2 I + sin2 I 9+tan2I
22 z

I,rt t=tznr +2dt= ro'!&

22
ldt 2 tan (;)
L + c =2 t^o-t +C
J 9+tz 3 3 3 3
-=-tan
2l
33
Concept Application Exercise 4
I
r. Evaluate I -|-
J2xt+x-l *.

2. Integate the tuncrion .

*
-l
3. Evaluate
J 7;7i
"2 dx

x2 +4
_--
4. Evaluate dx. I
J -t' + 16
I
5, Evaluate dr
J stn 1+cos r

dr
8. INTEGRATION OF THE FORM
J @
Standard Formulae and Forms:

" J[4=rin-r
rir I+.
Ja2_xz a

Proof: Let x = a srr, 0, tben dx = q cos 0 d0

,"*,J#=J acos0
a2 sin2 e
d0=
J
acos0
(l-sin2 9)
d0
a2 -
o o
"o' do = II do = e +,
=J acos0 = sio-' ! *, ,.sing=I ...0=sin-rl
a t a a

c\ J#+elft*,'*,1*.
Proof:
Lel x = a tAn 0, the'i- dx = a sec2 0 d0
22 lndefinitelntegration

& _--:o "e"' e =-:o secz e

d0=
asec2 e d0= sec 0 d0
d0=
Now,
I ,,1q' + x' J ,,lo' + o2 tun: o
J
./o:11 + tan' o)
J a sec9 J

& :loglsec0+tanel+c (i)

J

x: atan 0 =tan8:1a

+ sec 0: +tan20=
t= t-;-
,,t
.
a' + x'
{'*7
Now from (i). we have

dx
r-----;
\lq'+x' x
log +k
J .,1a' + x' aa

-+-

(iii) dt
= rog lr + \f,' -o'l *
J "
(px + q)
(iv) Form dx
J ax2 +bx + c

Working Rule: This linear factor (px + 4) is expressed in terms ofthe derivative ofthe quadratic factor al + hx + 6 16ggths1

with a constant as;pr +q= 1+ b?+bx+c\+p +px+q=L(2ax+b)+p

cfr
Here, we have to find l, and p and replzce Qtx + q)by llt (2ax + b) + p\.

Illustration 54 lntegrate the function

@
Solution
I
We know that dx=su-t L+C
J
Let 5x: I =+ 5dr: dt

i I lt . t._,
r@^-irw I
dl=-sllr'
5 i;) +C=1sin-r
5
(?) +C

I
Illrstration 55

SoIution
Int€gate the function
@
(x - a\ (x - b'1= t - @ + b\ x + ab =[,-(f)I *P
 lhdafinite lnteg6tion 23

Let x (+) =t = dx= dt

dr
J 2,
la-b\
{.-(+) [2./

=J t+ (,r-a)(x-D) +C
( a-b\2
dt = log
,F1gl.,=*l{.-(+)}.
t--
l.r.l
J/1
x
Illustration 56 Evaluate:
i Vl+x' d\
Solution
7
Put x7 t5'2 dr = dt
2

: i -' )*. =l r"e (,''' * .I*,')*.

,
ti # =ir"s(, *

Concept Application Exercise 5

I
l. lntegrate the firnction
l+4x2
I
2. Inte$ate the function
@
3. [ntegrate the function
r-1
Jr'-l
9. INTEGRATION OF RATIONAL FUNCTIONS BY PARNAL FRACIIONS

An expression of the We P(x): qd{ + a,r{ - ' * ... * a, rx*a,wherea,apa.t,...landt1taalnumbers,ao*0andnispositive

integer is called a polynomial of degree n.

A function of the form { where P and g are polynomials is called Rational Function.
o
Any rational algebraic function is called a proper fraction, ifthe degree of numerator is less than of its denominator, otherwise it is
called an improper fraction.

]or €xample,
+x+2
x2
rs a proper lmchon. *here asx4 -gx2 -lox+1 rs rmproper fiachon.
7 _ 47 J r; ,1 4_. L

function x+ 7 ll
Consider the rational
(2.r 3) (3x + 4)
- 2x-3 3x+4
The two fractions on the RHS are called the partial fractions
-
To integrate the rational function on the LHS, it is enough to integrate tbe two fiactions on the RHS which is easy. This is krown as
the method ofpartial fractions. Here we assume that the denominator can be fractional into linear or quadratic factors.
24 lndefinite lntegration

Not€:
In using the method of partial fractions, we must have the degree ofpolynomial in numerator P(r) always less than that of
denominator O(r). If it is not so, we carry out the division of P(-r) by 0(r) and reduce the degree of the numerator to less
than that of the denominator.

i .. +] = i (r) + 41r) , where rhe degree of P.(-r) < degree of g(r).

B(r) Q(x)

Then to integrate. we apply the method of panial frucrions to

' '!p .
Qlx)

The partial fractions depend on the nature ofthe factors ofO (x). We have to deal with the following different t)?es
Form cfthe rational function Form ofthe partial fraction

AB
(x- a) (x - r) x-a x-b
-+-
px+q A- B
(x - o\x t-a' (x - a)2

px- + pr+r ABC

(x - a) (r-D) (.t - c) x-a x-b x-c
-+-+-
px2+qx+r ABC
.| --------------; * -------=
1r - a)2 1r-6; t-a (x-al' x-b
-
pr2+qr+, A i
Bx+C
,where.l+Dr+ccarurotbe x-a x'+hx+c
(-r - a) (xr + b.r t c)
-+
factorized further
We find the values ofconstants l,I and Cby taking L.C.M. and cross multiplying and comparing coefficients ofdifferent powers ofx.

Illustration 57 Intesrate the rationat function 3x-l

- (x-l)(x-2)(x-3)
Solution
3.r I A B C
Let
(x-l)(r-2)(r-3) =-+-+-
(:r-l) (x-2) (x-3)
+ 3-r l=l(r 2)(-r- j)+A(.r-l)(r 3)+C(, l)(r 2) ... (l)
Substituting.{ = l. 2, and 3 in equation (1), we get
A= l,B= 5,andC=4
3;r-l I 5 + 4
(x-l)(x-2)(x-3) (x-l) (x-Z) (x-3)

J.-r#r--=i{ (:-t)154(x-2) (r-3) dr

= log
-_-+-
fr- ll -5 log l-r- 2 | +4 log l-r-3 | + C

r2
function -
| x
Illustration lntesrate the rational
' x (l - 2x)
 lndefinite lntegtation 25

Solution
It can be seen that the given integrand is not a prop€r fraction,
Therefore, on dividing (l l) byx (l - 2r), we get
t-x2 I lf 2--r )
x(l - 2x) 2 2\ x(l - 2x\ )
Now, (2 - x) =,4 (l -b)+ Bx ... (l)
I
Substituting x
-2 - 0 and - in equation ( I ). we get

A=2al:,dB:3
2-x 2 3
x(l-2x\ =-+-
x l-2x
Substituting in equation (l ), we get

l- x2
_dx= 23 d\
x(l-2x) J{;.i I x l-Zx
= I2 *toe1r;+
- togl I 2rl*C
=j-
2(-2) "
v1
=: rloE,xl-: logll -2xl-C

Itlustration 59 Integmte the rational fruction ------r .

(r'+l)(r-l)
Solution

Let
x At+ B
+
C
...( l )
=
(/ +l) (x - l) (/ +l) G-l)
x=(hr+ B)(x- l)+C(l+ l)
x=Ai -Ax+ Bx-B+ c? + c
ofl, x, and conslant term, we get
Equating the coefficients
A+C:0,*A+B:1,_B+C=0
On solving these equations. we get

.e=- L.r=
222
l.*oc= I
From equation (l ), we get
ll I
x
--x+-
22 ',
(x2 +l) (x - t) x2 +l (r-l)
I _=_-:__ a,
J(rr+l)(.r-t)
.x ,d,
= -:r 7i *.:[ -l-a,*l
xz +l 2J
I
x-l
=-'Ilt :-^
2x dr + l tan r + I log r I + C
4Jx2+l -2 ' -2 I - |
- I toglt'+ l1- ] tan-rx+ I1 tog,.r- I l*c
26 lndefrnite lntagmtion

x
I[tustration 60 Intesrate the ratiooal' fiuction
'*-"'-" (x '
- l)2 (r + 2)
Solution
-,rABC
Lci
(x-l)r (-r+2) (r-l) (x-l)' (x+2)
x: A (x- l\(x +2\+ B (x+2) + C(x t)2
Substitutins -r = l. we set B = 1
J

Equating the coefficients ofl and constant term, we get

A+ C:0, U+28+C:O
?-2
On solving, we get I - i and C=
99 -
x2l2
(-r - l)r (x + 2) 9(x - l) 3(r - l)2 9(x + 2)

I | I
= t___:_ a,=?l
J(.r-l)'/(r+2) 9J(x-l) a,*!l .a,_2[
3J(r-t)r 9J1.r+2)
a.

: ]rog;'-,r. +f+l-1 rosr,x+2r+c

I - 3\r-ll 9 "'
=?."1'-'l- |
9 x+21 3(x_t) *c
" l

Illustration 61 Integrate the rational firnction

# -
Solution

r (.r' + l)
Multiplying numerator and denominator by .r" - I
, we get
I xr-l x,-l
.x (r' + l) -I'-r x (x" + l) x'(.r' + l)
Let f :t +n{-t dx: dt

t |
*=lJ x"(x"+l)*=!l ,'-'a,
I
Jx(x,+l) n J t(t+l)

Let
IAB
,(r+l) r (+l)
l=A(l+t)+Bt . ..( 1)
Substituting, = 0, I in equation (l),weget
A= | atdB: l
lll
,(r+l) , (l+0
'
J r (x" +l)
ar=L J It r I dr
n U-(,-t)l
 lndefinite lntegrction 27

= 1 1tog1 r1 -tog lr+ lll+C

n

:- 1 ltog ;r I - tos l/ + lll +C

n

n
I
* lj;I..
cos _r
Iltustration 62 Integrate the rational function '
(t - sin x) (2 - sin.r)
Sotution
cos x
(l - sin x) (2 - sin x)
Let sin,r = t + cosxdx=dt
f
l_dx
cos -r dt
J(t-sinr)(2-sinr) J (t-t)(2-r)

Let
AB
(t-t)(2-r\ 0 -,) (2- t)
l=A(2-t\+B(l-t) ... (l)
Substituting t = 2 and then t = I in equation (l), we ga.{ = I and I =- I
'l I I
(t-t)(2-t\ 0-0 Q-t\
IJ cosr *=[{ t _ , \0,
fl - sinx) (2 - sin r) J [(l - r) (2 -,)J

- roglr,'+rost2-,t,.-,'rl=l -.=*l*l -.

Illustration 63 Evaluate:
r(x-l)(x-l)(r-3)
J1..-4y...-5*-^
5otution
Improper fraction

(x-l)(x- 2)(x-3)
dr
J (x-4)(x-5)(r-6)
Proper fiaction

,. (,;r - l) (x - 2) (x - 3) - (x - 4) (r - 5) (x - 6)
dr (Adding and subtracting t)
rI (x-4)(x-s)(.r-6)

:J[ 3.2.r 4.3.2 5.4.3 l

(x - 4)(-l).(-2) l.(r-5).(-l) 2.t (x-6)l
:x+ 3 log l-r-41-24 log lx-51+ 30log lr-61+c
28 lndefinite lntegration

Illustration 64 Evaluate:
t Qx2 -l)dx
"r-;P -
J

Solution

| (3x2 -7)&
J 112-ly1x2 +l;
- Jl2(x2 -4)+(x2 +l) *
112 -+y1x2 +ty

=4*.|fi="^".i ".1 x-2 x+2

+C

IUustration 65 Evaluate: l_
rdx
Jsinx(3+cos2r)'
5oIution

le_
J sin x (3 + cos2 x)
r sin
J sin2 x (3 +
x&
cos2 x)

_f sinxd _f dy
-J
o:E rrc +mJ;- J 0rrD0r;5
=
iJ[* 7i]r=; *l#l - # *" ;f, +c, *herer=cos.
lUustration 66 Evaluate:
I cos 2x sin 4r&
J cosa x (l + cosz 2x) '

Solution
cos 2x sin 4xdx 2cos2 2x srn 2x &
J cosa r (l + cos2 2x) J I + cos2r
(1 + cos2 2x)
2

Let cos 2r =, =dt=-ZsnLrdx

t2 dt
J =-ol
'J
"&
l+, (l + 12)
11 +r12 1l + 12)
2

Now
t2 A
B ct+D
(l + r)2 (l + 12) l+r'11 +r12 l+12

- ? =.t1t + t11t + P1+ a 6+ ?'1+ 1ct+ D\{r+ tf

Put t=-l= B=ll2
put t=0 - o=A+VZ+D ...(l)
I\rt ,=l + I -_44+l+4C+4D
+ A+C+D=o ...(2)
From(l)and(2),C=-ll2
Compare coefiicient of f , e + g = g ...(3)
+ A= l/2
From (2) and (3), D = 0
 lndefinite lnlegrction N

Hence. l( t/2 + t/2 - (t / 2)t

/: J|\t+,
(t+,): l+t2 ).

= jtog1t+r':; +c
]r"srr*,r-r|;-
- ltoglr+rl- rog + 121+ C. *hgre 1=...2,
2 "' 2(l+t) 4 "'tr
=]--f

Illustration 67 Evaluate: 1{ +3:+2

*
J(rr+t)r(r+t)
Solution

x(r2 +l)+2(r+l) ,
Ji#h*= J
--_;___=-
(x' + l)' (x + l)
Qx

dr
th+2
J -=--i--
(.r' + l) (r + l) J 1x2 + 112

.r+1 I
I 2 (x2 +l) 2(x+l\ )*.J*.nL*
= j roetl+rl-| q1.r+11+! tanir+2r
Where 1 : r&
t_
J 152 + l)2

Put x=tan0 + dx:sec20de

t- secz edo
J 1l + ran2 012

:J cosz e de

:j l + cos20 --
2
sin 20
e +-
;(-d0 2

t(
2[
o**?l)I+tzn'z0

l,lx
= -2tan ' x * -.----------=
2 l+xz

* = )bg1,' + I - 1 1o, 1' *', * I *-'' * *-' x+

ii +c
I i#h |

l'2+tl L
=1 losl_:-.....-:-l+_tan . r *
x
* (l ----------=
4 -
l(r+ r)'| 2 t+x'
30 lndefrnite lntoghtion

Concept Application Exercise 6

l. Integrate the rational fuoctioD

" (r+l)(r+2)
by partial iactions.
=---J-

2. Integmte the rational functions | .

3. lntegrate the rational tunctior

Cf#t-
4. Evaluate j cos
l-cos.r
r (l + cos r)
dx

I
5. Evaluate d\
J 1x2 - +1 ,lxi
6. Evaluate
I#*
10. INTEGRANON BY PARTS
Theorem:
If a and r, are two functions ofx. then
[**=,(]"a,)-l{fr1,*y*
In applying the above rule, care has to be taken in the selection of first function (r,r) and selection of second function (v). Normally
we use the following methods:
(i) If in th€ product ofthe two functions, one ofthe functions is not directly integrable (e.g., log lr l, sin lx, cos lx, tan rx ...,
etc.) then we take it as the first function and the remaining function is taken as the second function.

e.g., ln the integratioo of tan-r xdr, tan I r is taken as the first function andx as the second fi.mction.
Jx
(ii) Ifthere is no other function then uniry is taken as the second function, e.g., in the integralion of xdr, tan-l x is taken
Jtan-l
as first function and I as the second function.
(iii) Ifboth ofthe functions are directly integrable then the first function is chosen in such a way that the derivative ofthe function
thus obtained under integral sign is easily integrable. Usually we use the following preference order for the first function.
olverse. Logarithmic. Atgebraic. Trigonometric. Exponent).
ln above stated order, the function on the left is always chosen as the first function. This rule is called as_!IA[E

Itlustration 68 lntegate the function r sin r.

5olution
Let I= J x sin -r dx

Taking x as first function and sin x as second function and integrating by parts, we obtain

,=, J.i",a-J{(*,)l sin -r dx dr

=x (- cos x) Jt 1-cosr;
dx

=-rcosx+sinx+C
 lndefinite lntegration 31

lllustration 69 Integrate the function.l d.

Solution

Let I= J ,2dd,

r-r ler--JIe,,)Jn *),.

:t t lz*."' dx=x2 e' -zJ* a'
"'
Again integating by parts, we obtain

-on-,1, !n *- j{(*,) J".^}*]

:la -z1xa J"' a"l:;a -zlxd dl+ C

: ;d -2 xd + 2{ + C = e- (} - 2r + 2) + C

r
Ittustration 70 Integrate the function
@
Sotution

Let ,= tl*a
'Jr-,'
raking cos-rr as rirst tunction and as second function and integrating by pans, we obtain
t*l
-'r'r[-r'-1 -.t;= -]
["". ,t;=
-U="". -l x+ J ,*f
-[.,/i=.". .I+I +C

@@ Evaluate:
Jx
sin x secr -rrlr.

SoIution

x sinx secl x dr = t"n r. .ec2 r d.

J J,
=, J ,ecr{sec-.tar.x)dx- J I J sec r Gec: tan x) drl dr
se"2, t a""2 , sec2 , tan r
l-dx+c=x---+c
2 J222
32 lndefinite lntegration

rf,'+r [tog tr' + l) - 2log x]

I[[ustration 72 Integrate the function
x
Solution

J,1r lrg tr' + t) - 2 rog,r]

.l
.r

J7; [log 1r'z + t;- tog r'z]

x
r-a--
{r'+t
{ log
tqP)l=+*(,.;)
:irF*( 1+ '2
x
I I

.r-
I
ffi., (,.i)
Ler ,:Jiffi"'('.4 dr

Let r+lx' =r -)
+ ]&=dt

,: J:,F}"'(,.*)*=-r J^fi
rcc, a, =-! 1,i toe,a,

,= -i[,.,, 1,i "-\(*^r,)1,,4")

lI l
rlz t l
2
log ,
3 t+. 2
213
2 log
'-iJ'i.)
rlz i log ,-t,i1*r=-t,il log t
:); I *(,.+)-3]..
2
213 9 t 3t 3
*c=-+J I +

Itlustration 73 e*r.u,. J199J1d!a-.

5o Iution

J'"'" l';l':' ' * = Jsec2 r'rog.(r+sin2 r)ah

I 2sinrcos r
= log tr - sln-xr. utnr I
J I +sin .r
r+:- t*
- tog,, ( I- sin2 x) . tan x - z -r-,r.tan.rdx
JIsi,nt l+sin'x
= los" (l + sin2x) . tanx - 2x + 2J##
= log" (l + sin:x) . tan x - 2x + tD ran-l(f tan r) + C
 lndefinhe lntegration 33

Iltustration 74

Sotution
Evaluate
J ;r- dr

xdx :2t
J lF and putl - I = l, so that 2x dx dt and

dt

'= lo;fr*=[ ( t2 +l
But tan l/:
J t2 +l
dt
J
,.J-a
f +l

I'fif.
.r=-1.
f+l
t

:
i;.'l t2 +l-l
(,' * ,)'
.h

: l+zt^'t'-zt
I-;-
r/r' - I **-,
=' *ltanrr+c:!
t=!2t+l 2 2
----n-
x
.[: -r +C

10.1 Integration by Cancettation

Standard Formuta:

e' t I G) + f ' (x)) d'' = e' f (x) + c

I

Ittustration 75 r*r""t. J[99lr-Ioe,"'") rlr

Solution

l(ff-"".')*
j cos -(
-I
dr-lsmxlocxdr
: cos r loB r - - sin, tos rdr- sin x log ra& (Integrating first integral by pafls)
J J
:cosrlogr+c

Itlustration 76 Evaluate
sin2 r.sec2 r+2t-r.rir-' r..,[]7 *
J

' Jt-*2 1l+tan2x)

5oIution

lsin'
r..*' r+ 2 tuo r' rir-t r..i/i'17
*
J J, -x2 1l+tan2x;
34 lndefinitelntggfttion

x)
.-Gt,sin-l -] .

F
stn ,I 2 tan -r
dx
rI

:
J
rsin2 x

sin2 x sin-l x
dx+
J
2 sin x cos x sin-l x dx

- J Zsln rcosrsln xdx+ J I sm -r cos -x stn ' x d.r

= sinzr sin I,r + C

Illustration 77 Integrate d (sinr + cos x).

Solution
Let r= J d lsin + cos x) dr -x

Let /(x) = sin.r

+ /(r) : cos x
+ r: la g61+71,yy a,
JA 66)*71111*=df(x)+c
It is known that,
.'. .I=lsin-r+C

Illustration 78 Intesrdte the functio

- n '"' - .
(l+r)r
Solution

Let ,= If;*=1".{
#)-
=1".{#}-=i"'{* #F} dt
I
Let "ftr): I +x
-l
'f(xl= (l + r)',

IfV*=l' {r<'\+ t'{')}*

It is known that, (x) + C
J lf(x) f(x)\dx:
d + d f

l rr'.&="'
.I+x)r l+x
*c
11

Evaluale: e '11 - tan x) sec -rdx.

J
Solution
Puttingx=-2,
I= (sx z + sec z. tan z) dz
)4
 lndefinite lntegration 35

I=-J"' *
{"*, *Gec.t}a,
=-dSecz+k: e'secx*c

Itlustration 80 Evaluate
J'(;;)*
Solution
(.,x 1x - x x\
srn-
It+sinr) I -+cos- r+zsmrcos,
t,.#;]
e t_t I

It+cosr./

Ir*z.iol"o"r)
_ e,l 2 2l_e, I sec2
r
-+ tan
x
... (l)
I\2) z"or'I I
2 2 2

Let t^
i =t<-l +f<l= ! so.'z
I
It is known that,
I n VO*f eldx-df(x\+C
From equation (l), we obtain
e'(l+sinx) I *C
J (l + cos r)
*_ nan
2

(;r2 + l)
Iltustration 81 Evaluate: e' dr
J (.r + l)2
Solution

-l+_2\ dx
J[.,(.r2+tJ dr_ 1",(x2
1x+l)'z J (x+l)r
x-l 2
J"I x+l ' 1x+l)2 dx

dlf(x\+f (x)l dx.where/(x) = 4 *af{r)= 2

J .r+ I (r + l)."
(r- l)
l_ l+c
Ix+l.i

2x :
Illustration 82 Ifl(x) =
Ja(*-',* (l+x-)- -----------;--; ak,/(0) 0 then find the value of/(l).

Sotution

2x 112 I
f@= I e tan r + ------------; d\= tan dx=e' tan .r - -----= +c
(l + r')' J l+x' l+ x' (l+r')' I+-r'

"r(0)
=0 +c= I
(r l\ +l
+ f(r): el---l
(4 2)
6 lndefinite lntegration

10.2 Standard Integntion Using by Parts

(i) Je^
sin bxdx=-i z la sin bx - b cos Dx) + C
-
(it) cos 6x d.r =;fi,u"rnu*+acos,n)+C
Je^

IUustration 83 lntegrate the function y' sin.r.

Solution

Let t= J?, silx ar .. (l)

Integating by parts, we obtain

1= sin x
Saa,- y{(fr"a,)!u.*1*
r=rio*.{_!*rr.**
,2' sin, I
e2' cos x dr
J
Again integrating by parts, we obtain

e:'.sinx_ rf..,.,
,- 22LJ [",,*_ j{(**.,)1,,,*}*]
= ,_ e" sin-r _ t
f"orr.r" _ r'lr_riorr{a.'l
2 21 2 2 l
-'r

t ["".o,
= 1-- "".,in,
2 21 2 '*t 2J[.2, "in _./rl+a
l
r ain -a
_____l r I
I: ---r
"l' "2' "na +c
244
f.2t2t e slnr ______
_l=
e cosl Ll'
-
424
,f :. stn-I Pr, cosr -'l
. .ttg I

5L 2 4 l
lr
:, ,: a 12sin, cosrl +C

10.3 Integration of Irrationat Functions Using by Parts

Standard Formulae:

rl J.f' +,'a.= )1,' * .frr l..*.f'*,' l*.

proor: /=
lJ; * a,
= G* Ira,-l[f(.,4-11, a,)a,*,
 lndefinite lntegntion 37

= x,[a, +x, - JI --!: *a, *,

J': **'
-.t I l
= rJo2+12 _ l!_!_:3_ a,*,
J 12
v4 + r 1
=
',t"\; -JG.i a,*Jffia,*,
+ 2t=,J?17 * o' ln l'-
I I va'+r'l+ c
-l
+ t=;^k +r *t^l-*J" *1,,
@ !'tt - id, =;.k - "' - 4,|,* J,' -*l*.
X 11 1 A 2,\
(iii) 2 2, _la'_x' +-srn 'lrll_ l+.'
J 2' 2 \a)

Illustration 84 Iotegrate the functio ,E +4, + 6 .

"
Solution

Let I: J
+4x+6 dx=
J 1x +212 + 1Ji12 &
(r+ 2) a
x2 +4x+6 +- log (r+2) + +4x+6 +C
2 2

_ (r+2) x2 +4x+6 + log c

2 l<,*zl* ^[,\+,*al*

Iltustration 85 Integrate the functio, f- 4,

-t'
Solution

Let l: J
l-4x- x2 dr=
J
5 )2 - (x+2)2 dx

, (x+2)
-4x- x2 + l.i'-' ['*=2 )* c
2 2 (J5 l
Iltustration 86 tntegrate the function x sin I x.

Solutlon
Taking sin I r as first function and, as second function and integrating by parts, we obtain

1=sin, x
J,*- J{(*,--' IJ"*1*
:sinlx x
7
I ,d, 2.

2 J
@ 2

=2*rJ
x I I -x
-t-
12 sin-l

vl-x
2

dr
38 lndefinile lntegrction

'2sin-r. r.Ir-*' L] *

="',;''*iJ{+-
: t-w-t, ; l;F + I -}-
sin-, r + c
:
I r* -r)sin-r x+ i.,[r-,' . c
7T. INTEGRATIONS OF IRRAIIONAL FUNCTIONS

Form Substitution

Substitute for Linear = n(Quadfatic)'+ n. Find ra and n by

./Q*a"uti" a, comparing coeflicient ofi and constaDt tem.
Jr-lo.u.
Substitute (Liiear) :L
l-----]- a. [(Lio*), a.. Jrr-in""t) *
J (LiDear)r Linear) J Linear) J (Linear)r
J
J( J(

I
dt substitute Linear =1
J Linear Quadratic) t

LLr
Substitute for .r = I then /redu"es to [ 'd -,t"n
'
J @'+DJli substiruteforrl+s=1.
t ! 1p/ +qyln2 +s

I[[ustration 87 Evaluate: t---):a,

J (r -")Jl+,'
Sotution
tt
Puning x= :ar,ddx=- . dt,weget
tt'
(-1)"
,_l \ r') _ f tdt
'-rFm--r(,,-DE
Let P + I = u2,we Eet 2tdt:2udu
du ,-Ji
J
x . l
-1,t2)-,2 zJi
log
;E
,o
I
log
,lr' +t - Jz
+C=- I

iE log l,F; "l +C

I I ,ll+ x' - Jzx
Jr'?+r+.,8 |

Itr;l
- -rE log t: +C
lJt*r'*J7,
 lndefinite lntegration 39

I
Iltustration 88 Evaluate: t___J_a,
J (x+ l)Jx2 x+ + I

Solution
I
t: dx
J (x+l .r2 +x+l

Let r+ I = 1 =
t
*= -\at
t'
I dt dt
J
I 1_r + !_r +l ?il.=-t (l- t)2 +(r-t2)+t2 I lf -t+l
t I t

J
dt

I
2
3
=-'*
l(,-;).
J';l.. =-',1 r+l 2+ rf,'-r.l
ll
x+l
+C
t--
2
+-4

lt
3 tan J--
Ittustration 89 Evaluate j ---;----
cos- rVtan' x + tatr' x+
4

tanr
dx.

5olution
3(tan x - l) sec2 .r clt
J (tanr+l tan3 x + tan2 x + tan x

Puttanr=,

j (,+l 3(t -t)dt

t'+t2 +r
3
J (+l)2
(t' -t\dr
t3 +r'+t

I
I

3
t' dt
J
, *Z*L ,+ !+t
t t

I\t 1+! +1:/

t
tl g,,
r=
rr=
6l
fi, = u,^', 1
cotr+tanr+l +C

t ,2 -l
Iltustration 90 Evaluate: I -'-
J1x2+t;.,h+ra
-dx
5otution

|J ,'-r *
(x2 +t)Jra +l

1 ,2(t-vx2) *
J ,21x+Ur1rl*2 +vr'
40 lndefinitelntegQtion

:j (x+Vx.
(l - vx2) dx
(x+llx)2 -2
Putting r + 1/,r = 1, we have
I:I_L
,J,tJ
-2
Again putting i 2= ,? ,21 41 : 2t 7t , 1r,1s gs1

vdv _| t^n-ry
It -----:----- I -l
-=.=_tan
x2 +llx2
+c
=
J gz +2)y Jz Jz 2

l[[ustration 91 Evaluate; l........:dx

' (l - r')Jro - r

Sotution

[ ," ,-*= J
dx
'(l-.r')r/r"-| (r' - 1)' ,2 -l
x2 +l
/;, +r
t_ : -
Put
,ir,_t
r (r'-r)' '? (x2-t) zx-tx2+t)z-r
-l2\xt- +t I .' . -
tx'-t\'
dx=dz
)
r---
Vx'- I -2x
{r'+l (r -r,
-2x
(x2 -tf/2 J x2 +l

2x
j
dx= dz=z+c=
F; '-
J (l-r':)r,fa-t !r'-t
-dr=dz
Concept Apptication Exercise 7
l. Integrate the function r log.r.
2. Integrate the function r sec: r.

3. Evaluate r a..
Jsec3

4. Evaluate Ji ar.
J"o.

5. Inregrate rhe tunclion rt ' [#)

6. Evaluate
J(r,rt
,u,
i - ' *"'])a .
 lndefinite lntegration 41

7, lntegrate the tunction

ffiu .

S. Let
Je'U(r)- f'G)l dx = OG).'rhen find the vatue of 1".p1*
9. Evaluate f(
**2\' ,*.
J\.r+4i "'
t0. Integrare lhe fun.tion r[-l .

11. Evaluate: log(,tl +-r) rlr

J

12. Evaluate: log ,r (log r + 2) dx

J
13. Evaluate: e-' log (s' + l)dir.
J
14, Evaluate: ,lor, log", , dr
J " .

15. Evaluate: j (r-l)Jx+2

.r+l

-x
16. Evaluate: dx
J (x2 + +y
-lA '[1\ 1

cos0 + sin 0
17. EYaluate: cos 20 h d0
J
"".0-ttr0
I 2x+2
18. Evaluate: sin dx
J +8r + l3
42 lndefinite lntegrution

SOLVED EXAMPLES

MrscrluHrous PnogLri{s Blseo or 0rr on Monr sin (t oor) (cos r)rm

rrlr 0rr Coucem (b)
100
*a

lloor) ("o"r)lm
j-
Example 1 If ,'."-z' 4t:"x 1a? + bx + c\ + d, rher,
(c) ------L----l------
"o" +C
J
(loor) (rin r)lm
ot o: L.t= 1..= 1 (d) ------:--J-l----l=
"o. +C

tut a:-1.a= 1..= l

5olution
224 r : oo, + ,) . (sia .r))e &
J Gin tt
tc) o: 1.a=-t..:-1
22 =
J
(t"i, t, oor)
"o,
r + cos l00r . sin ,11sin x1e
)
d
(d) a:l.b:l,c: ll2
sin (100x) cos x . (sin x1e dx +
Solution J g-.---Y-\--

Jr'."'' & = e-u @i + bx+ c)+ d Jcos(100r).

(sin .r)rm ck

Differentiating both sides, we get sin (100x)(sinr)lm 100 f

100 -
cos{100,r)(sinr;roo I dr
*. e+ = e-b (Zax + b\ + @i + bx + c) (_ 2e-\ -100 J
: e-b 1- 2a? + z1a - b) x + b - zc) + cos (100r) (sin x)rm dr
J
I
2
,2(a-b)=0,b-2c=0 sin (t00x) (sin x)lm
+C
100
I .ll
.D:--.c=-- Hetrce, the correct option is (e).
2 24
Hence, the correct

f "J
optiol is (a).

*r-.*,
s-u.,t-r' tst-r, L
I r J fr;=,1 r. [t'i) ..**",,,,
r e N and need not be distinct, then the value of (p + q + r) is
".
where C is the constant of integration and/(x) is positive, then (r) 6024 (b, 6022
/(x) + g (x) has the value equal to (c) 6021 (d) 6020
(a) /+sinr+2r O) /+sinr
Solution
(c) l-sinx (d) d+sinx+x
j *^,* *
dr rr2s7 +l-r2s7
Solution
x(x2m7 + l) J
(e' + cos ;r + l) - (e' + sin x+ r)
J
d:( I .x2ffi
e'+sin.x+x J r. -. t+_x ,m7
dr
=h(€r+sinr+r)-x+C
.'. I
=lnr- 2007
/(r)=et+sinr+x and 8G)=-x ln6 +lm?)+ c
/(x)+g(x)=d+sinx
_ ln r2m7 - ln(1 + r2m7)
Eence, the correct option is (b). + c
2W7
, / 2m7 \
I J
('io{tot')
'io* ')* "wut' =
fr m

.io (loor) ("ior)rm

[#r,_]..
(.)---++C ;. p+q+r:6021
Hencg the correct optlon is (c).
 lndefinite lntegration 43

f srn + cos -x + sin -r -

I ff
[ fG) e=s(r),then J.r-' {,)rt i'"coaro = Jl_dx-r
(l + sin 2.r)
cos .x

(r) 8.t (r) (b) r/r (r) - 8(/-' (r)

sln -r + cos ,r sin .r + cos .r
(c) r/{ (r) -tt (.r) (d) ,fr (r)
J 3+sin2x
dx- - d\
J (3 + sin 2.r)
I
Sotutlon It lt
Putting rl : sinx-cosx in 1r and lr: sinx+cosx in 1:, we
Given lnO* =Arl get
r=[f'{i.u* -r-.tdt,tdt2
t ____________L
J(:+(t-rf yy J {l+1rrt -t)l
= f-t (r\ J d\ - J{*r'<t!*}* dr, I dtz
=J
4't- J 2+r,
=,1 ,
{*\-1,fif.{,)* l.
=xf | (x)- lxa 6) g11 4 l+l-+*'(#)..
Let I l2+sinx-cosx
f-t (x)=t + x=flt\ anddlfalxly: at : -tnl-
2 l2-sinx+cosx
+ I=xfJ (x)- lf Oa =*It{i-e{t)
_ ,= *-'lthr*jo.r]*a
= ,fr (x) -zlfr(r)\ J2 \ .,/2 )
Hcnce, the corroct opdon ls O). Hence, the correct option is (c).

Example 6 or,= J (ln x)n &, then + z/, ,=

J'* ''11+'*"1
1n
I d(cot-t'r) is equal to
(ln x)'
(a) (b) x (ln r)^' 1e; -eb '' + C 15; eb-! + C
x
(c) x (ln x)' (d) none ofthese (c) -x . eu-'' + C (d) None of these

Solution 5olution

r(n) (ln r)'-' +,'1.[--fla.

t, x([n x)n dt e rr +.,
J -I J l+x'JI
=r(ln.r)o_211,_1y
+ Jo + nl, 1= x (ln
- x)' = -J,* '('.#")*
Hence, the correct optlon is (c).
: -J,^ '&- j .( dr
I JdHb*isequarto l+x2

2+sinx-cosxl l. stn-r + cos -r

=-
J"^'t 6r-t."ta-'t +J"^-"a,+c
(", +C
;hl --l--tan'
2-sinx+cosxl J2 t; :-x.e*"+C
Ilencg the correct opdon is (c).
2+sinx-cosr sinx+cosx
o) ihl 2-sinr+cosr -r5 I
tan
2
+C

l2+sinx-cosxl
Erample 9 ,r l dx
=rJ"ot, + u,ltun\ +r,
o |r" l2-sinr+cosrl t; tan ---Jr-
srn r + cosr
+C sinSx.cos5x
where C is the constant of integration, then
(d) None ofthese

Sotution
(r) a=z.t=-l (b) a=2,b: ?
3
2 sin .r
J (3 + sin 2x) {c) a=+,t=-! (d) a=-2,b=
1

-dx
44 lndefrnitelntegrction

Solution Sotution

dr dr l+cosecrdx= Jt+"t., dt
=J J J
J sln -r
3
-a stn Jtl",
"or' cos' , .rx
stn-+cos-
22 dt
- [+=r.= [(r] tan':1ljgqi.tr ^xx J
lsln-cos-
'Jtan'. ' .'/tan'x 22
.xx
sm-+cos-
Let 1 = tan.(
= dt=seclxdt 22
=J dr
.l .:
..fx
= ,- J';', at = )rr 12 + rt 2dtl t- sto--cos-
22
:
t" .I-I
z q:1),2
-21 1g Put srn--cos-=a
22
3
x-x
cos-+sln- dr :2dt
- - 2r/cot .. 1 '- ,/tan' .r + C 22

F
2dt I
= 2sin- ,
= o: 2.h:?
,3 J

Herce, the correct optiotr is (d). Hence, the correct option is (d).

Example 10 If g(.r)&=g(x),then ,, =- t(r)tr/" cftentr)

J J ZAh=n + is

J
g (x) lf (x) + f' (x)) dr is equal to (e) (l +l) O) I +.r"
(c) { + x-' (d) none ofthese
(a) s(.r)l-r) - g(.r)/(x) + C (b) s(x) f '(x) + C
(c) 8(r)ft) + C (d) s(.r)l(r) + C Solution

We have
r&
t_= dx
Solutlon J y2 J (n-tltn
6, a 111"-ttr" .-2 .,,-l r+1
lsr:i)U@+f'(x\\dx x

= Js(,) f (x) dx + I e{x)f '@ax tdx

-= Jl_7'r (l + r1'' I,"
= rct(l s at a,) - l(r' aJ sat a,) ax + sltf'{';,ar l+tn=randirr n I -'-'
dx:dtor &.
! Put -" -- =-d'n .
Xn+l
: /(r)
d.x) J sA) f' {,1 a, + gc)f' (x)dx + C dr tdt
J Then t_
J x2 (xn +l)("-t\tr n J rt,-t1r.
:ft) 8(r) + c t (r) rh = g(x) I
g
J ,t''-tt' *"
=-lnJl,r,-,0,--!.n l/n-l+l
Hence, the correct option is (c).

l+cosec,rd = =1rt'+s:-\l+xo)ttn+c
J Iletrce, the correct optlon is (b).
(a) sin-l (tan.r - sec x) + c
(b) 2 sin ' (cos x) + 6 I The value of the integpl

(c) sin I xr
cos-+sln- J{r'z+r){r-' + 2x-e'yttto dr is
22 )." )
.rx
(a)
ll
(l+2t1tttto+g ol I O* l)ttuo+"
(d) sin I
sln--cos-
22 )." (c)
6
(-r + l)rl/lo+6 (d) None ofthese
1
 lndefinite lnteg6tion 45

Solution
Exampte 16 If Jrf+-919a"=ffi *c,,n"n
I: T (.r2 + x)(xa + zralttto &
(r\ I (r\
=J (x + l)(x2 + zxlttro & (a) P
\i )-7,
(b) P
l;.1=
Ji
(r\
Nowputl+2r=r + (x+lpx: &2 (c) P [r)=' (d) P l- l+
lt
l.8/ "( 4 J'
\2)
dt | ,lo *. Sotution
J
1m . -
2 2 ll ,rvro - -lrruro
n
rsec:x-2010
+ = .11r2 + 2xyllllo +c I
JSlnx. ,n* tu

Hence, the correct option is (a).

Example 14 dr
i#'*- 2010
J stn 20 t0 _x
dx

J lf(x)g"(x)- f"(x)g(x)l
is equal to
- t,ffi*zoroiiffi,.tt'+d
.c
,'o,lro *..
r"r g4!'l
(x, -[s sln .r
(bl .f ' (x) cG) - flx) g: (x\ + c
(c) fix) g:(x) -f'(x) s(x) + c = tao .r +
f 2010
Gm xt'or" J (sro rt'orc '.ft
(d) fx) e/G) +/'(r) 8(x) + C
Sotution -Iffi*-'
J lf
(x)s"G\ - /" (x)e(x\dx tan .r

: (x) eG) &

(sin t)loln -
Ir(x) s'@ e - I f" ... ptttl3t:ta"L=Jl
:(" e J
c' ( I f'(x)s'G\ H€nce, the correct optiotr is (b).
-(satf'at-ls'l"of'G)e)
'(x) s(x) +
= fix) s:(x')
Eetrce, the corr€ct option ls (c).
-f c r
the value ofll) is

Jt ["" <r+r'+zl1l * isequalto (^) - rt2 O) - l/4

(c) t/2 (d) l/4
( a) I
2
xe e +c $) l,'"" +"
Sotution
I
(c) e e +t (d) !r2 d' +"
, "" lr= J ,(r*\+7x6 I 5xE
dr
Solution
Putting l=
+.r
\x
5
x' I
-7
t6'rt
:J e" 1l+r+2t11e' dt J ll
2 + , +-
2
dx

xx
:I e' 1te" + 1e" +2t2e"11dt
Put, z* !*!=,
, x' x'
:I e'1y1t1+ y'1qat =
lr' lt"" ) *
/.x)= - J -;=-+c
drl
where r= ,t'.
t'I
Henc€, the correct option is (d).
48 lndefinitelntegrction

2x7
x7
+x2 +l
+c ,=:(l:,- I*)
l0) 0
r r-l
,1 2\2 ,+l -,--r,)+c
=1[1
)
lx) =
2x7 + x2 +l ) =r,r: i :1rIt",-,1_1*,,-'I lnr
4 x./ 2 +C
Hence, the correct option is (d). \ ln x+ \ .tr

Hence, the correct option is O).

J#9***', Example 19 e'(.r - l) (x - ln x)

dr is equal to
J
,) _lh 1ln2
'' fm
tat
,r) -r - 121+ C
x-lnx+l
2 4
r"ra(ry;." (b)
"' +c
-i*'(Y)."
-r
lnx-x
or ]r, lr.r*,
(c) e,/.r-lnx)
l-l+c (d) e' r-hr-l +c
lnr+r I -l [!:)*. \.r') ,I
tcl ]rn lnr-x +-tan
2 (ri Solution

roI [rlt'-',l
I llnx+x/
* I tun-' l.!lll..
\ , )) 2
fer(x-l)(x-lnx)
Jt*
e
Solution
t- ,r
=
J'(i-+ )t In
;
dx

'=Jffffi*=l ,2 Ilogr)a
dx
: jr. {r({
l.;l -t , [, )
Put
Y=, * '-t;" =0, ='(1)+-+."
'=l&=Je#--; :41r-trr-t;*r.
r
=:t (r2+l)-(r2-l)
(,' + t) (r' - l)
Herce, the correct optior is (d).
 lndefinite lntegration 47

NCERT LEVEL EXERCISE

l. Find the integrat

l$"" *\ a, 19. I-oteerate the function --i...:
- 9-4x'
.

I
2. Find the intesra, -2x - --2x
:;;-j
I(r- G .h
20. Integrate the function
e'^ +e'
;.
3. Find the integral
J --T-
+3x+4
x3
dt 21, Evaluate
xdx
J l-.xcotr

4. Find the integral

It-Ji* 22. Evaluate:
J
secPxtanxah

5. Find the integral

J
sec r(sec x + tan -:r) dr 23. Evaluate "-" d,
J l+e'

6. Evaluate
J;
I +.c9s2
sln_ -x
x* 24. Evaluate j tan x sec2 x l-trlt.2 x &

sln.r
tdx 25. Evaluate dx
7. Evaluate J smr-cosx
JI - rin ..
x+[
26. Evaluate
8. J
Evaruate:
J** Jt+12
27. Find the integral ofthe function cos 2r cos 4r cos 6x
9. Evaluate:
J{t
o ,- ,)' a
"ot 2t. Find the integral of the function sins r cos3 x.

29. Find the integal of the function sin 4x sin 8x.

rc. ff 4d'('ltxl - ql ]t" such rhat./ (2) - 0. rhen find
cosr
30. Find the integrat ofthe funcrion :
.f (x). l+cos.r
l-cos2x 3 I . Find the integral of the function sina -r.
ll. Evaluate:
J
tan dx
l+cos2x 32. Find the integral of the function tana r.
dr sin2 r-cos2 x
12, Evaluate . l- 33. Evaluate: dt
J srn .Y + JJ cos .r J sin2 r cos2 x
(log.r)'?
13. Integrate the function
x
. 34. EYaluate: ldr
J 4*'+g
14. lntegrate the function sin r sin (cos r).
p.,-r>0. 35. Integrate the function
15. Integrat€ the fimction {(2-x)'+l
y'x+4
I2 36, lntegrate the fun",iro
16. Integrate the function
o;rlf frA.
(x + l) (r + log r)2 x2
17. EYaluate: dr 37. Integnte the function
J lx +a

18. Intesrate the fuDction I,x>0 sec

?
r
r (log r)- ' 3E. Integrate the function
{tan' -r + 4
48 lndefinite lntegQtion

39. lntegrate the function 60. Evaluate: sin r(sin.r + 2 cos x) ak

Je'
x2 +2x+2
61. Intesrare the tun",ioo r'11 - l) .

40. Inte$ate the function

I \x xz ).
9x2 +6x+5 ('-3)
62. Inteerate the firnctioo a
41. Integrate the function
I (x-l)''
(x-t)(.r-2) (l x)&.
63. Evaluate sec x + tan
Je'
I
42. lntegrate the function 64. tntegrate the functioo f - arz .
8+3x-.x2
x+2 65. Integrate the function x2 +4x+1.
43, [ntegrate the function
F 66. Integrate the function
.2
+JI_X

44. Intesrate the function 2

-4
x'-2x-5 67. Integate the function t+L.
9
dx
45. Evaluate:
J xz +2x+2 68. lntesrate
- the functioo ---l-.
x-xt
46.
&
Evaluate:
I t+3sin2 x 69. Integrate the futr"6oo J- .
x2 +xt
47. lntegrale
(x-l)(x-2)(x-3) 70. lntegrate the funstisr
- --!gj-.
sin(x a) -
3r+5
48. Integrate p'loz, _ e1bt,
.r3 -x2 -.x+l' 71. lntes,-ate the fimction :-- '
e3loex _ e2lo9,
49.
2x-3
Integrate
- l) (2x + 3)
cos r
@
(.x2 72, lntegrate the function

50, Integrate
tdx
J x(x2 + l) x'

(l-r)(l+12)'
73. Integrate the function
Ft
3'r-l- . 74. IDtegrate the function
52. Integrate the rational function (l + e') (2 + e')
(x+2)2'
I
75. Int€grate the firnction '
53. Integrate the rational firnction (.x2 + t) (x2 + 4)
*+ .tl-
54. Integrate the function r sin 3.r. 76.
srn '{r -cos '{x
lntegrate the function ,xe [0, l].
55. Integrate the function.r log 2x. sln -l G+cos-rJi
56. Integrate the firnction I log r. [-
57. Integrate the function x tan-lx. 77, Integrate the function tan-l
!t+r'
5t.
59.
Evaluate:
J
[r3e"&
Lntegrate the function (sin-lx)2.
78. Evaluate:
Jf-
 lndefinite lntagration 49

STATE LEVEL EXERCISES

Srrelr Connecr Auswrn Tvpr

8.
J
r+-xI
\.1/

)
'[+) dr is equal to
I -----A-------- is equal to
J| sln- r. cos' -r
(a)
r( 1)'*c (b) ? (, * I )''' *.
(r) tanr+cotr+C (b) (tanr+cotx)2+C 3['' x) 5 \. x/
(c) tanr-cotr+C (d) (tan r - cot x)2 + C
(c) -lx+ l)"' * (d) l'*f)"0*.
2.
J
sn zxd (t x) is equal to 3\ x) " 1 l. x/
(e) 2ln lcosxl + C O) ln lcos xl + C 9.
t&
t_:
(c) 2 ln lsec.rl + C (d) ln lsec xl + C J r+rlogr

tdt (.) log(l + logr) +c (b) log(l +logx)+c

3
J J-*J--z (c) logx + log (logx) + c (d) None ofthese

(") 10.
Jtr -
cos r) cosec2 x dr equals to
I 1y'n-1x-213n7+c &)3 1ln -1x-z'13n1+ a

(a) 161I +c (b) cot ll2) *.

c)+ l(x -2)3n - lDl+ s @1 l@-af -inl+c
!
.o^ ar;
<o )',"i.' (d) 2tat
2
+c

w
4. a, b, e R* is equal to
Jo*
1t.
&
(a) @b .b')' . -
t (bl d 'o I is equal to

lr1 @o . b\* ' ' log a log b

( x-a\ x-a +c
kl
''
a
,'o
ln ao .lni.ho
+C (d) None ofthese
(a) sin I
[;J*" (b) tan I

(c) cos- (T)." (a) It n (T)."

a
2'
5. rf

(r)
J
F
log 2
dr = 1( sin-'(2') + C , then K is equal to

(b) (log 2)/2

rz. Jffeeuarsto
(c) tD
lcot r tan r -
6. l- d=
(d) l/(log 2)
o,.r(f) +c orr"s($)."
J sec'r-l
1c1 z.li -z tari Jl*" (d) 2 Jr -an-'Ji+c
(r) cotr-r+c (b) -cotr+r+c
(c) cotr+r+c (d) -cotr-r+c rl. ff I = JJi + rir, , dr , then 1is equal ro
7 r5l (tan-l -r + cot-l r1& =' (a) -Z1fi-tlnr*6' O) sin(/2)+ms(r2)+C
J
51
(c) cos (x/2) sin (.r/2) + C 1a; Z.[ - sin x +C
'52L16nrx+cotrx)+c
1e1

52
14.
t"{l dr is equal to
"52I- 11sn-l r
151 - col-l x) + c Jl
(c) zt5l +-+c
E
(a) tan-r(l; + 6 c); tan ( I
x'f +c

,t 1c; 11tanrly2+c (u); (tan i)t I

+c
(d)
'522::+:+c
50 lndefinitelnlegrction

I cosec 0 - cot 0
15. t_de= 21. The value of [--l- a.
J cosec 0 + cot O J 11_ 5), "
(a) 2 cosec e-2cote- e+ c
1"1
' l*. (b)-l +c
(b) 2 cosec e 2cote+ e+ c r-5 x-5
(c) 2 cosec e+ 2 cot 0- e+ c 2
(d) None ofthese
(c)
' (n - - +c (d) -2(x - 5)3 + c
5 )''

16.
I sin3 -r + cosl
--- .--;---------
-rdx=
,
22. fi I fli dx = ft,), ttren a is
Jl sm_ -r cos_ -t
J[/t,)]'?
(a) tanr+cotr+c (b) tanx-cot-x+c (b) tf")13
(c) cosecr-cotr+c (d) sec r - cosec .r + .r
@t itr<'t)'

17.
J
'-;@-
dr
nry (d) t rr'?

tlx+l'12 dx
(") r"ct""(;+;)+. 23. l+ ls eorral to
J r(xr + l)
(a) logx +c (b) log,x+2tanlx+c
, z\l+.
ol jr,e",( -+-
2 6) 1c; log, 1f +c (d) los" {.r(l + l)} + c

G) r"c*t(;+;)+. 2

x z\l+c
21
J fr "ouu*to
tol ]roe"ot( -+- (a) .r 2 tan t (b) x+2tarit (x/2)+ c
2 6) (c) r-4
11121+
tan t (xl2\ + "c (d) r+4tant1x/21+c
I sin x + cosec ,r fsecrdr
t8.
Jt_&=tan x 25.
J ,,
{Co,
(a) sinx-cosecr+c (b) cosecx-sinx+c (r) sin l (tan r) + c (b)tanr+c
(c) log tan r + c (d) log cot x + c sin x
(c) cos I (tan.r) + c (d) ---+c
D. tI 2' =e= vcos x
12x + t), d\
26. To find the value of , thc suitable
J ,J;* ,,
-
1e) jrog(2.r+l)+
fi-*" substitution is

ll (a) x: a cos t (b) ,r = 2a cos /

O) ; log (2x + l) - zp, *g+ c (c) x: Zqt (d) .r : 2a sin2 t

27.
I xdx
(c) 2log (2-r + l) +
I
c
Jl-r"rr-
2e, *r+ (e) log (cos -r - -r sin .r) + c
@) log(xsinx-cosx)+c
(d) 2log(2.r+l)- (c) log (sin x -; cos x) + c
d-*" (d) None ofthese
,r, 1xa_+x2+l
J x'-x+l
*_ 28. |
J x(2log x
'-2 - x) a,=
L + I.
(r) -r- (b) 1..3 - l r' +, +. (a) log(2 logx-x)+q (b) log [ , )*.
-x'+x+c "3 2 l2logr-xJ
l, +-l.
(c) -x- x' - x+c (d) None oftbesc (c) Iog (x - 2 log x) + c (d) log l. '
\x-2logxl
')*"
 lndefrnite lnteg@tion 51

29. JI tin'
sln -r - cos x
d, = @ lro "" +,2"? +"" +"
{c) r|"x' - *"
@): log(sinx-cosx)+x+c )xa "" - "r2
(d) None ofthese
(o); flog(sinx-cosx)+r]+c
rdx
-16. -
"2 I log(cosx-sinx)+x+c
J 7+5".r-,
tct
I I ,l
(a) tan-l tan +c
(o; flog(cosx-sinx)+x]+c G G 2

I -l I
(b)
30. If f
*t4'*l d=tcos4.r+c
J cosr-tan-x
then Jr
-laI] E tan ;)."
(r) k=-tt2 t:-ll8 (c) -t tan ,(
' ,\ +c
(c) k=
O) Itan ,]
-l/4 (d) None ofthese
tal jtan ' (". i)..
$. tf f (x) = I l'* , and/(o) = o, then the
' 1r + x'z1(l +./t + x'J
of/( l) will be
value 37.
J,fiid"=
(e) los(l+€) O) los(l+Jr)-;
trl j[,in-','? * ,[ - ,.,]*.
(c) to1!+ J ++ (d) None ofthese

rul j[',"'-*'+.,[J]+.
32. e2x+lo9, dx=
J
(c) sin-l 12 * .r[ - rt *.
ori (2x-l)e2'+c @l
!<zx
+r) e2' + c
(d) sinrr:*.,[-r'*.
t") 12 (2x-l)e2'+c @) +t1e2' + c
)1zx ft. Jtan3
2x sec2x dr =

33. rf ln (r2 +,r) dr= x ln (x2 + r) + A,thetA = (8) 1sec32.r-lsec2x+c

J 62
(r) 2x + ln(r +
l) + constant
(b) 2r * ln(x + l) + constant o) 1r""'2r+fr""2r*"
62
(c) Constant
(d) None ofthese (c) 1 ,""' 2, - f ."" 2, *,
93
34.
L,
lsm -+:ldr=Il.
(d) None ofthese
Jd
| " Jo'-,') Ancxrurs
(s)
I - r-r (b) ae' sin-r I +6
-e'sm'-+c
aa a I
rdr
sin 2
J l+cos2x
(c) e' sin-rI
a
+c 1ay $+c
,lo' - ,' (r) -1log(l+cos2x)+c (b) 2 log( I * cos2 x) * c

35. ,5 ."" &=

J (c) jlog(l+cos2x)+c (d) c-log(l +cos2x)

<O xze" +"i +c (KCET 200s)

)ro "i -
52 lndefrnite lntegration

+ sin dt 8. of e' (x3 + 5xa + l) dx is equal to

The value
2. e J
J l+cosr
@) {l+d+c (b) {l+c
(a) @) dtan.r+c (c) 5xa d+c (d)d*tl+c
"'tana.
2 (KCET 2007)
(l + sin r)
(c) e' :--_.----:- +c (d) c-e^-ircol -
I - cos .r 2 e. rhevatueorJ{{a, q.

(KCET 200s)
ror[tJ]*" I--l)
3. j (1+tanr)d
e-' x
_
cos
1,1
\r-1./
(b) log t_t
[*+t./
+c

(a) e'tanx+c (b) ersecx+c (x-t)

(c) log(l - l) +c (d) r+log +c
(c) lsecr+c (d) dtanx+c Ir+r./
(KCET 200t
(KCET 2007)
4, The value
txJ+3x2+3r+l
of I --------------:- dh. ts td
.r 1r + l), lo. Jl-tan'-r
[tt"n: is equat to

(e) tan-rx+c (b) log(x+ l)+c l-tan-Y

(c) llog(x+l)+c (d)
I (r) log _ +c 61 tog[91I+c
l-tan-r
--+c
(r+l)
l+tan_x

(KCET 2m6) (c) :I log:-+c

l-tanx (d) llosljlgr+c
z l+lan x 2 l-tan x
5, The valuc of
cosecr dx is
J (BITSAT 2007)
cos l+logun?
r
I xsinr dx=---+C
It. Jxcosr-sinr-l
1al - tan(t+rgr-;)..
(a) - log I x sinr-cosr- I I
(b) log lx sinx - cos x - I
tt) .""'z(r + ros t ol)+" (c) -loglxcosx-sin,r- I
I

(d) loglxcosx-sinr- I I
(UPSEAT 2008)
rcl tan (r +lont-I)+.
- 2)
12.
J "--'' lr
* 'rla=
I l+r'l
tO) sin'z( t+lontol)+.
' 2) (KCET 2006)

dx {a1 L ,S*-" *" O) ;e*-'' +c

6.
J ,./16
- t6 (c) ,ran-', *" (O ''+c
1
|e*
(o) seca "12f.""44 *.
ot
+c (KCET 2009)
13. cosec(x - a) cosec r& =
(c) trl
J
(d) none ofthese
tsec-+c : I
(e) log lsin x sin (x - a) l+ c
(KCET 2006) stn 4
_t
7. of ' ,h i, (b)
The value
I l+cos8r -::
sm4
log Isinx cosec (x - a) l+ c

(8) tan8r +c o)
I
(c) lloglsinxsin (r - a)l + c+ c
8 fla*" sln 4
.. tan 4x
(c) s!ef+c (d) -:-
I
log lcosec x sin (x - a) | +c (KCET 2009)
srl a
-+c (KCET 2007)
 lndefinite lnlegration 53

- th 2'
u. J
12
l-cos2x "'d is eouar to 20.
I (l - cos x) cosec2xdx = f(x) + c +f(x):
(a) -d cotx+ c (b) dcotx+c tr) tan j ft) cot I
2
(c) -2d cot x + c (d) 2e' cotx + c
(BTTSAT 2009) (c) ztani rat
'' ]unl
2
rs. Jf 2-th'a'=
2

2+cosx IEAMCET 20101

l,fsinx+cosx'l dr is
-+t--'( | ,-*;1
tarax/2 21.
c) ',/3
+ log (2 + cosx) + C J"
(r) /tanr+c (b) (/. sec.r) + c
,1 tarJ.x/2
(b)
6 tan' + log (2 + cosx) + C (c) €rcotr+c (d) (d cosec x) + c
(KCET 2011)

(c)
4
- tan -r
tan x/2
- log (2 + cosx) + C
22. When r > 0, then
J
cos -t [,-,1)**
It+x'J
(d) 0 IOdisha JEE 20101 (e) 2x tan-r x (l + l) + c
log
-
logG dx is equal
O) 2xtanlx+log(l +l)+c
16. to (c) 2 F tan-rx + log1 + i)) + c
J 3x (d) [r tan-r .r-log(l -11] +6 (KCET 20r l )

1ry
I lrog Gy'? + c G) ] lrog .,[)'z + c ( @_* E)*=
,,. J[!a-x x \a+ )
(c1 1d)
](ogx)'?+c J0ogr)'?+c (a) 2 sin I
(:). "
lwB JEE 20101

| .G, a, =t tan-trn, then (t. rn) rs

n, Jr(x+l) O) ,".t-'(;) +c
(&) (r,G) o) (2,J;) (c) 2 cos (;). c
(c) (2,x) (d) (1, x)
(KCET 2010) (d) 2, *"-'(r)*.

rr. J/trt sin , co s -a,=V/ ,1bsl(x)+c

. rhen
IEAMCET 201l I

f (x't:
24. j cotr-tanr
l+cos4x

(a) _
' ' absin2x 3_ o) _.__3_
(b"
(a) - 4.r + c O) |cosa.,+c
-a'lcos2x |cos
2 2
-&=
''tcl ob cos2x (d)
(b2 - a2) cos 2x
(c)
|sin
4x + c (d) -lcos 4, +
"
(KCET 2010) [EAMCET 2O1U

,r. i#S dx:f(x)+6 - IG)= 25.

J
cos 2x
_dx=
cos ,r
(r) 2 sin r r + tan rl +C
+ log lsec
(r, tt)28 log(l+x+x8) (b) 2 sinx loglsecr-tanxl +C
l.*T
(c) 2 sin x - log lsec r + tan xl +C
c) r.*', (d) None ofthese
(d) 2 sin -r + log lsec x - tan rl + C
IEAMCET 20101 lwB JEE 20111
54 lndefinitelntegQtion

t 2dx
26.
JI (e- +e ',)'
ts equal to n. .rlG-\{
+ l),
a,=
15

<at- --fi+c o) n' *"- *c

I
@+
-t+l
o)(r "-
+ l)'

Idt x.et
- --l-e ')'
tcl -.! ,+C (d) +c
(e' + l)' (e"
(BTTSAT 2012)
G'
#F " (r+ l)
- (KCET 20t])
dt (r2 - l)
27
J 7@ 33. If J
(.r + l)2 x(r2+x+l)
d\

_t
<q 1.,{r* *" O) 7Ja+x+c '-l
= 7*r-r f '2
+'+t'l*.
-
x )-'
G) *.F7*" G't
*Jo* *, in which c is a constant then ,4 =
I
IEAMCET 20121 (a) i2 G)3
(c) 2 (d) I
2E. If [sec2 x coseca xak =
J3 - ] cofx + t tan x-2 cot r + c, IEAMCET 20141

t=
then
(r) 3 O)3
v. JlG!D'
.r(x' + l)
a=
(c) z (d) I
[EAMCET 20121
(r) loglr(l+l)l+C
O) los hl +C
29. fi Jl-=---!
x0ogr-2)(logr-3)
(c) Iog lxl + 2 tan-rx + C

(r) t llocr-ll
-:.- -=I+C,thenr=
" -r los"llogx-21
| I
c, .r(-r-) +C [Kerala PET 20151

(b) los
logr-3
logx-2
x. .ljl-*=
x +o
llogr-2
(c) log (r) !t"n (+) +C (b) l tun-' +C
lt"sr-3 ,IQ
'
(d) Iog l(log r 3) (tog x 2)l IEAMCET 20131

(c) l sin-l
x
+C (d) l cos-'
x' +C
r-sinr ;
30. (;) . , (;)l a a
J l+cosx "' l'""
lKerela PET 20151
(a) -4 (b) 4
-dk=xtAn (r2 + 2) a(t+raD-rr)
(c) 2 (d) -2 &=
IEAMCET 20131 "( x2 +l
3t. f"or'-]rar.n*oi.
J sinot'x
(!) log aa" ^-" +c

(r + tan-l x)
cot'r cot" -l x o)
(r) (b) - log a
n n-l
-
(c) -cot' x
(d)# (cl
log a
(d) log a{; + tan-r .x) + c IMH CET 20161
- (KCET 2013) -+f,
 lndelnito lntegration #

37. (sec .r)' (tan3 r + tan r) dr is equal to 39. rf f(x) dr = log og sin .rl + c, then/(r) :
J J log (sin x)
(e) sec'*2x+C @) tan-'2x+C
(r) cot x (b) tan x
(c) sec-*lx +C (d) tan" - r (c) sec r (d) cosec r
m+l ' m+)
IMH CET 2016l
lKerala PET 20161
3t. The value of
-+( *. t(i#)- = tx + B tos(2d -5) + c then
I
le'(r2 tan x+ tan-l x+l; dr (t) A=s,B=3 (b),4=5,8=-3
J ,r-r is equal to
(c\ A=-s,B=3 (d),4=-s,B=-3
(e) I tan-l-r +a (b) tan-r 1e1 + 6 IMH CET 20161

(c) tad (€") + c 1d; e*-'' +c

IKCET 20r61
S lndefinitelntegratioh

JEE LEVEL EXERCISES

Srlclr Conneo Amswrn TYprs *r3)'

6y 9.-t)'- - <r*-at -G *c
Level 1

I
(Jr+r(x'z-Ji)
dx= n, .=4 -'"*rt" *,
J ,G+r+.,f,
(O =!f
G 12)e - (r t-2)to c
or ,-t'*.
+
s l+x+c
tl--l- *=
2 7
{o f,-,*c @\
l-x'1+c ,,fi-e2'
(a) r-log[1 * ,{t- 1*"
z. r+= at then1,*2=
"u
l! " O) r+log[1 *,[-"u1*"
(r) L --t, (b) (c) logll + ,[t -
"u 1-r*"
n+t n (d) None ofthese

at -f,-+ {+ 2
(d) ----= -/"
n+ z 8.
I e3'+e'
l7;7q,4'=
3.
!*rr^" r* is equalto 1a1
| toglea'-4+ t1+c
O) tan-' (l - e) + c
trt -l . +c
l+ x' (c) tan-r (l + e-) + C
(a) tad (e*-e')+C
O) tan-lr+C
(c) xtan-rr- j bglr +fl+c 9.
Jtrg#*'isequarto
c): lno+14)+1h(l+13)+c
F
1
(d) +C

4. * z * rton r+secx;1r'2 dx =
(,)l ln(l xal - I * r'r1r "
+ 5, 11

J{t
(r) log (sec r + tan r) + c G'} ln(l+14)-h(l+r)+c
(b) log (sec .r + tan x)l/2 + c
(c)
(d)
log sec r (sec x + tan r) + c
None of these
(d)
i ln(l + 11) + ln (l +.r) + c

5.
J [+e'
e to. Ja.irr."or].*"f * isequalro

(e) log(l+ e) - x - e-'+ c (e) cos.r+ jcos2r-lcos3x+C

O) log(l +s)+x-e-r+c
(c) log(l +e)-x+e-r+c !
(d) log( I +d)+x+e-r+c O) cosx- j cos 2x - cos 3.r + C

(c) cos.r+lcos2.r+]cos lr+ c

@ Jt, * r) t, * z)1 (x + 3) d' =
(") q#-1l#.c (d) cosr-lcos2.r+lcos3r+C

Encircled questions are trickier/tougher than non-encircled ones.

 lndefinito lntegmtion 57

ln r)
(tan (8) - rcosr+C tU) .rF sln.r + C
. -.-dx
J slnr.cos.r
ts equal to
(c) 2.,6 cos -r + C (d) C-2$cosr
(a)
1
I
ln (tan x) + C (b) th (tan2 .r) + C
2

(c) 1 (ln (tan x))2 + C (rt) None ofthese

18.
Jql{*t""ou""o

12.
fl-&=
2

sintx-cos8r
o,*( -j)"'*. I , i(,-+) 5/.1

+C
Jl-2sin'rcos'r
(a) (sin Zr)/2 @) - (sin 2x)i2
t.r i(r + j)"'*' (d) None ofthese

(c) - (sin r) /2 (d) -sin2 x fl

l-- 19.
r+rr +16
dr equals
rl. Irr = [ l)-'d..th*/"o*1. J x(l + r'
Jl2+x
trt 3'i + r an-l (rt )+ c
(e) ,G + 2 ,6 - r + 3 sin-t
E-, 4
1

O) .rE+2..16-.r +zsin-t
ff., 15y Il*6,-'('t)*c
2
.1

I-*6,un'(r*)+c
(c)
(d)
,[ +2

none ofthese
.'f - .r + 5 sin-'
E-, 1"1

31'
l0
-l

+ ot--'(r* )+ c
1a1
)
tt f'(x) = and/(o):- ,* **rru (l
-,*.f1r @ rr I =
Ja' log + I ) dr, rhen / equals

is equal to (!) r+ (e-'+ l)log(d+ l)+C

(r) - los (J, +l) o)l (b) x+(l+l)log(r'+l)+c
(c) x-(e-'+ l)log(l+ l)+C
(c) l+J7 (d) log (l + Jj; (d) none ofthese
15. lta*r(l + cos r()
J cos *l e =
J sec x + cosec x
(r) log (sec r+ tan x)+2anL+c I .t
( a) cos,r+smI-[ log lcosec r - cos x))+ C
,
(b) log (sec r+ tan x)-?t:r'!r+c
(b
I .l
unx-cosx_[ loglcosecx-cotxl)+C
2
(c) log (sec r+ tan x) + tn !r+ c

;f [.i.,* *., ;! "o,o,-

(d) I+c tcl * ros *.,1) I + c
los(sec x+ tan r)'2
- tan

,u,
jtrt,- *.,1- ;f re l*'o{'*ola)
\-/ rf J[!91-{:-:E-t-E
6D e,+sin-r+r
d! ==lo&(/(r))+s(r)+c,where
-cot(x+El4t+c
C is the constant of integration and/(x) is positive, then
/(x) + g (r) has the value equal to ."(i-,)*
(e) d+sin.x+2x (b) d+sinx 22. =,4 tan I fix)) + B, where,{, I are
J 2+sin2r
(c) d-sinx (d) l+sin.x+.x
constants. Then the range of,{/(.r) is
r
17.
I[,tr cos )r
-.Slnr
,& equals (a) t- l,
(c) [0, l]
ll O) t-Jt,
(d) t-1,0I
f l
*
Encircled questions arc tickier/tougher than non-encircled ones.
* lndefinito Inlogntion

/-\ fl ---------------- I 29. lf x = f ' (t) cos r + f ' (t) sn t andy - - f " (r) sin, +/'(r) cos r,
/^.\ )- -
\--l J 5sc .r1tan r + cossec r + cot r : I/:
dx dy
(") (sinr+cosr+r)+C
then
rI aI.( dt d, equals

;
(a')f'(t) +.f"(r) + c (b)f"(t) + l"'(t) + c
o); (sinx-cosr-x)+C (c) f (t\ + f"(t't + c (d) f'(t)-.f"(t\+ c

G); (sinr+cosx-r)+C @ Ja tr tanr

+ + tan2.r) dx is equal to

(d)
"2 I (-sinr+cosi-r)+C (r) /tanr+c (b) /secr+c
(c) dsinr+c (d) /cosx+c
al+-rsinx+cosx
24.
J -r(l + cos r) 31.
,[ln6'a.=
cos r
x
(s) log irl + log sec +C tar7 x
a (a) tanT x+c (b)
7
x
(b) log l"rl + 2 log sec +C .. tan7x -+c
2 (c) 'l
(d) secTr+c
x
(c) log lrl - 2 log sec +C -*c
(d) loglsecr-tanrl+C
, .12.
J
lL,r,=
+2
{x2
L<r<L , then slnr-cos.r
zs. lf
42 J ./l - sin 2x
e'i' ' cos xdx = (r) +27312 + 21x2 +2)tt2 +c
;(r'
(e) e"'n'+ c G) esrnr-cNr+c
(c) esrr +ms,+ c (d) ecos,-sint+c ol ]tr' +2)3'2 -2(x2 + 2)tt2 + c

26. sin x.cos x . cos 2.r .cos 4x .cos 8x ak is equal to

J
(") +2)3t2 +(xz +2)tt2 +c
(e) -fcos16.r+C 1(r'
161 --!-.or
256
16* *6
(d) (x2 +2)3t2 - (x2 + 2\t/2 + c
(c) -1 cos l6x + c (d) None ofthese 3

27.
.E;;
J sln rr cos
dr is equal to
33
Iffi****
@) 2,lwx +c (b) 2rftotx+C (a) ln.r + Z u0*f)*"
o $*c (d) None ofthese
(b) rn:-
] aO-ll*"
28.
Ji$ *"0*,,o
(c) rnx-
|n6+f1+"
1ay j.[+l1z+r'?;+c
ol JJ +,'t,' - rl + c
(d) rnx+
| uO-ll*"
3x+2 :
34. Let F(r) be the primitive of w.r.t. r. Ifr(10) 60
(c) l(l + 12)3/2 +c
then the value ofF(13) is

(d) (a) 66 (b) 132

l,'[*,, (x2 -z)+c (c) 248 (d) 264
Encircled questions are trickier/tougher than non-encircled ones.
 lndefinite lntegrction 59

35. lntegral of + 2cot x (cot r + cosec x) w.r.t.ris Level 2

ffi
xdx
(a) 2ln cosl +c .10. is equal to
J

(b) 2 h sin I+c

<"t j rr(r*.[*,')*" (b) 2 l+ ,ll;7 +c
"2 f h.o. {+.
(")
2
1cy z(r+.f+")+" (d) none of these
(d) h sinx- ln(cosecr - cotr) +c

36. The integrat j .[o. , d equ"t, lr. JIr(lI -'1 a **t

"a; "'^- + x')
t"nxe $t,'
(a) +L o1 2sS;; + c (r) rn:+
I u1*11*"
cos "r

r-_-- ] uO-/1t"
.ICOI -Xe' (b) rnx-
tcl -|"@+c (d)
2Jcos r
+C

37. The value of

J
G-6 dis ,r
tcl tnx -
J
tn(l+17)+c

(d) lnx + ? (l -.r7) +c

6Y ,P -t -otuo-'
E=1 +( ln

') 42. tf
..['-o' *ot^-' E:71 +c
6y (t) (d + a\ raIi (xl2) + C
") (b) ({ - e-') cot (x/2\ + C
(c) 1x2 - a21 + a2 tarr-l
l',1,'=1., (c) (l - e-) sec (r/2) + C
(d) I
lan xlo + c (d) (y' - e1 cosec (r/2) + C

38
, .E-r'-* 43
I+'(
x
e '
d\
J56,5,_,1-drisequarto
(e) 1r'-lnr+c (u)
1a; zt o-'1-.+f -121+.
|hr-e'+c
(b) tur-'1r+ fJ;a. (c) 1 (lnr)2-x+C
2
g {u+c

1c; zt--'1r-.[J;+t -'=l *vx> o is equar ro

@ "',? +e^)
v ,tI x(x"
(d) zcot-'1, + ,[]1-; ,
t .')
(b)hI -r*
r or m
7 )*'
-19
J-r
sin sec3 xdr =
[r.4)."
"2 1 [sec2 r-tanx]+c
tat
o r"(2.{)." (d)h( r+ +c
x1
(o); [rsec2x-tanx]+c
45.
ln ,*r[*r') dr equals
c); [rsec2r+tanx]+c J
-x.
l+ x2

"2 1 [sec2 -r + tan r] + c

(d) 1ay .,[+l rn (, + f *,')-, *.
a
Encircled questions are trickier/tougher than non-encircled ones.
60 lndefrnite lntegration

ol j r" (,. rti . ,')- .,/t x

+ *2
50
J
(r'? - l) dr
1)
tra +:r'? + r) t",.-l(, +

cl ] r" 1,.rti*,')*fr7*"
.
(r) l/r)l +c
logl tan-t (x +
(b) logl tan-t (.r - l/x)l +c
1ay .[*r' I"(r*.*[* r')*r*" (c) logl cot-r (x + 1/r)l +c
(d) logl cor' (x - l/x)l +c
46. le_ -
Jr*$*r 51.
J"#"\ isequarto
,
(r) 1x+ l)'3 -3(x+ l)r8 + 3log lr+$+r1 + c , 1 tan-r(rllr)+c
I (
3
O) 3 tan-l (xl/)+ c
t
O) ; C* t;23+36+ t)ra+3 los ll+$+11 + q (c)
I
sin-l(rll3) + c (d) 3 sin-l (rll3) +.c
1
<"> a *lyz3 +31x+ l;rB+ 6
) 52. The varue of J('-'-r)r'3 *,,
(d) (r+ l)B +3(r + l1t/3 + g Jx'
4rl

;( l-,)
f cos 5r + cos
47. | _
4-x
J l-2cos3x
dx is eourl to (0 +C or -|(1-r)"' +C
(a) -
f *"o,,)*c o;( ,-1) +C (d) None ofthese

(b) - I (2r + l)
$zr*,r,)*. 51.
I u4o,*ty*
(c) -
$2r*"o.,)*c (a) o) (r,+*D,,, -c
sin 2,;r
.,,;*;riz.c
(d) -
2 ).. (c) (d) +C
tdt
-+Sln-r G1*Dtn-,+c (xz + 4x + l)tt 2

48. t_-
J cos (2x) cos (4x) rc f-]-!-- d, - c ln |,rl + 6 ln l-r7 + l1 r a. thsa
J .r(l + x')
l+Ji sin}x
(a)
2J2 ' l- 2 sin 2-r -](loc
-Lton l sec 2r - tan 2r l)+c
(t) a=t,b=1 *rq:-r,b=1
(b)
#"r ll-€'l' 1l-l,,os-'
ll+J2sin2xl 2
I sec2r-tan 2x r)+c (c) a:r,D= I Ol'=-r,u:-1

n' +"'l##*l-]ooe 5: I = '* 2

J(ri+lx+lU.r+l dx is eoual to
r'oz'-tunz' D+"
(d) none ofthese t
*.
(a)
6 tan-l ---L')
+ l)
J3(r ,
J*:!-
r
49 ,r a,=rc1+c,thenrhevalueof =
,lg,rt.r) (b)
2
tan
I
-5]*c
J3(r l),+
-n
(a)
,6 (b) -L x
F
2,!3 +C
(c) (d) -
2r
.16 E (d) None ofthese
d
Encircled questions are trickier/tougher than non-encircled ones
 lndefinile lntegntion 6'l

56.
x2 -l dr 2xe"n'-t-l
J I (b) loC +C
(ra + 3x2 + t) tan-l ,+- x
2xe"'-l+l
(a) tan-l ( ,*l)*c
x) (c) log
2xe'in'-l+t
+C
2xe""-l-l
(b) .r+ 1 tan -' l.,*f)*c
x/ 2xe"'o'+l+l
x \ (d) log +C
2xe'" -l +l
("r m ltun '[, * ] ll* c
| \ x)l sln
l
@J d\=
" 1k1,.+ll+c
(d) 1l * ,1 Jt * *J , **t',
2 | rl (a)
"or'
sec I (sec x + cos x) + C
(b) sec I (sec .r - cos x) + C
r -l;- dx is eoual to
57. 1]- (c) sec I (sec r tan r) + C-
J xJr+l
(d) sec I (sec r + tan r) + C
(a) ln lr-.fLrl-tan-r x+C
I lf\x).q'(x) - f '(x).a(l)l
@) ln lx + 1f,L l l- tan-r .r + C
62.
J l@,arr)
{log 0(r) - log/(x)}dr is
equal to
(c) ln l.r - ..f,'? - r l- sec-r x + C
(s) log QG) +k or j{r"ce{e}' +k
(d) tn lr+1f,'z-rl-sec-t .r+C f(x)
(c) 9(x) tos eG) +
k (d) None ofthese
5s. If J[-------- 4------ + C. then the flx) " f(x)
-.f(r)
1rl + 3r2 + 3x+ l) J.r2+ 2x-3
dx :a(tan2x+ b\
value of (l )=
63. If
J .or'
J l+c,then
,J.i ,2,
(o) o (b, d2
(c) -trl2 (d) z
,"r.=*.0=i ot ,= {,t=s
6D[,,',toto'.,,na
J Srn-.x(srn- r + cos' -r)-
at,:!,t=-ft s !,t: li
-
- a=

r"t -1[tur'{*t]"t*.
3[ tan'x J
64,
J
eh'(sec r - sin -r)d is equal to
(e) effi. cosx+ C (b) ee. sinr + C
1l 'T"
rur Z\tan'.(+l/l"' * c (c) _eM.cosr+C (d) ee. secx+C
2tfi x
(c) - I tan5 .r + I
2/5

+C
65.
J l+tanr
+ Cot' x+-4 dt is equal to
, tan5 t
))
2ts -
(e) e'tan z) (b) e'tan x--x4 +c
(d)
'21
cotsx+l
+C --rl+c
4)
cot
3L
(c) e* tan + c (d) None ofthese
xcosx+l 4
@ The value of J ,t2x3 e"in' + x2 dr is
-
66.
J
"oar-*rl, dr rs eoual to
l.6re""+l-ll l - cos'x
(a) loglr--l+C
lr/2xe""+l+ll 1a; x1+ C
]sin-r(cosr/2
'Encircled questions are trickier/tougher than non-encircled ones.
62 lndelinitelntogration

(b ) sin-l(cos3i2x)+C
, (b) 2 +c
? cos-l1cos3/2 x; + c
J=
(c)
xl
F_;
3
(c) 2 +c
(d) None ofthese

(d) r_l
(f) *=oh 2
l-x l-r
+c
67 ,rtJ(.6)',*ro J' *",,hevaluesoraandt,
xf+I
d\
respectively, are If ,t: J ,r--- , then 1 equals
_
r,1i x,
i i |

E **-, [,
2
(a)
2
and
5
(b) :25 and
2
a) 1 -r +C
(c) I and 2 (d) None ofthese
2 x3

ln
2

(;+
(b
,
I E .tt -
,2
+ .rr tan +C

68.
J ,2 -l
d is equal to
(c)
,
I E + tan-r !f,'? J +C

r
, . r2 x
(a
i['(#)'.. (b )
I
ln It-!ll
\, -t
*"
2 ))
"2 1
(d)
,2
* tun-' .[' - t +C
(c)
i['(=))'.. (o; ln (=)

69.
& is equal to @ !###*drisequarto
J (r-p) (x- p)(x-q)

61 _2__@_*" @-*E=" ot -4-*c (b) tq

' xP* q +l +c
P-elx-q
(c) +c (d) none ofthese <"t - ,{ -*c (d) -;;-
.x' '+l
+c
x- px.x - q)
& U. rc t = (l + l) dx, then / equats
@ O': T ,o ,lo, * ,,
log
, then l equals ["-'
(a) x + (e-'+ l) log (l + l) + C
-4
I
a22+x - I a22+x +c O) r+ (d+ l) log (l + l)+C
(a)
a t+ i7 (c) .r - (e-r + l)log(l+ l)+C
I (d) none of these
(b --t a2 +x2 - $ {o' * ,')''')* ,
o t: @J ,'+zr-tS-S-,
.r2 +l
dr is equal to
I
(c) a27+x - ,G 1a2 + x213t2 +c
[:
I lr \la'r-;-----; t \la-
r, + r-;'l (e) 2 sin-r t-!+z+,
(d) -7 + x' - c
a [, 3x3 l+
(b) 2 cos-r ,-L+z+,
@j o*Ji\f,J dx is equal to _r

(c) sin I ,-!*2*"

,l
(a) 2
F-F +c
(d) cos-l ,-!+2+,
-r
' Encircled questions are trickier/tougher than non-encircted ones
 lndefinite lntegtation 63

@ Irr: |ffi,*"nlequars I

(") + i+ 6*- -#F;t1,"

@ Jra..I., r[,. F I dx=
)
(a) +C O) ":+C
-r+ l+ x2 {l+r'
(b) I Ir ,@ *7 '- L= <"' + ,2)'''l+
L; " 1c; ,-'1r+.r,/i+r';+C (rt) e'(r + f-+r) +C
I
G)+ a22+x + +c
a t: z.l,
(a2 x2)3/2
r,[##]-=
ror 1 lr
L,
r-;--
\la'+ x'" + ,
I
o2 +12 +c 6t ex -:+c (b)
"' +C
+
,,./t x2 Jl+r'
xlogx -I
@J G2 - l1trz (c) e'+ +C (Q e'f+x'? +C
logx . ^
@
(a) sec-rr +
J,'-t Numgnrcll Vllur Tvpe

r
F
log
(b) cosec-lx - +C r. Ir J[_! dr = A cos4r + B, rhen the value of
cot .r - tan -r
A is-.
(c) sec-rx -
;F log r +C
,. * Il*dr= A tar;t (/(.r)) + r, then rhe vatue
(d) sec-Ir-g+c
J,'-l ofl( l0) is
3, ff ax= 7(x) + log lcosxl, where/(.r) is apolynomiat
ttlrn'x
@ J*"rr,*",1+tanr)r&= of degree l, in tan x, then the value of n is_.
I
( a) [sin 2x log,(l + tanr) +r- log lshr + cos.rl] + C
, 4. Letf(x):
Jr"b' { I +, cos * . ln x + sin x) dx and
I
(b ) [sin 2x log"( I + tanx) r loglsinx-cosxl] +C
2
I(
'\2):)= +.
4
rhen the value of (fl Et\/,t
"
is- .

I
(c) [sin 2r log.( I + tanr) -x + log lsin x + cos rl] + C
, (x2 + l) dr I
and/(-l)=
d I
2
[-sin 2x log.(l + tarx) + r + Iog lsinx + cos xl] + C
s. r-etl(r) =
J .r3+3x+6
. Then the

value ofl(-2) is_.

sec2 x + tan -r)
61
\--l J1r2(r * _
(xtanr+ l)r 6. rr
J?j#=## dr=.4 lnlcosr+sinx -zt+ Bx+ c,

(a)
1
then the value of ,ilB is_.
--l
xtanx+l.
+ 2 log I r sin -r + cos x | + C

0l ---I
rtanr+l.
+ Z log | .r sin .r + cos r l+ C ' "{(:)'.(;)']'"*:,,(:)'.'(;)'.''
2
then the value oflB is
(c) --lI + 2 log x sin x + cos .r l+ C
xcotx+l- I
'(L- Dt' +c. where x27
8. IfJx26.1x - t1r'.1s x - 3) dr =
2

tol --l C is a constant of integration, then the value oft is equat

- + z log;x cos r + cos r I +C
_rtan_r+l to
{ Encircled questions are bickier/tougher than non-encircled ones
54 lndefinilelnlegration

(c) 2 sec-r(fa) + c
l. rr [t$ ax = e n[t -9rz + B(cos-r 3x1] + c,
' {l - 9x' (d) 2 tan-r ,!2" -t *"
thenl-8is_.
2. tf xltr{o + ?) dx: O6) ln(l +l) + rrl (r) + c then
5 J
lo. ttJ{sec r)e/5 (cosec xlli dr = t tan'r + C, then t+ r, is
equal to_. (r) 0 (r) = l+x2
2
Ol ,rAl: f
('. i) dr (c, vG)=-l+12 (d) None ofthese
It. If J then [s2(r)] is equar 2
l+xe' "r I #F+ I..,
to (where [.] denotes the greatest integer functiou) _. 3. J
sin xd(sec r) =/(x) -g(r) + c, then

(r) /(r) : sec.r O) /(r) = tan r

".,t J *fu = -zr"c
[r. ff) + /t-r) + c,
4.
(c) g(x):2r
I + cosec x dr equals
(d) s(x) =r

r{os r- + c
ttren ttre uatue r[f)
or "\8/ = (e) 2sin-r{inl + c O) f cos
(c) c-2 sin-r (l -2 sinx) (d) cos-r (l -2sini)+c
If Jei*J-f -
13. (3xa +2x3 + 2x'1dx =r,(r) + c , then the s. n x2 .e-2'ax = e-2' (axz +bx+c)+d , then
J
value of i(l) . i(-l) is_. (a) a= | (b\ b=z
I
. (l + r)[(l -r+x2)(l+x+x2)+x2 ] (c) (d) d€ R
14, lf F(x)= t| ' . = 3r"' +2x)=+ ro then 2
l+2x+ 3xz + 4x5 + "dt.
the value of [F(99) - F(3)], where [.] denotes the greatest 6. ff lt-r:) ddx= df (xt+ c, thei
integer functioo, is _. ' (x' + t)'
(a) /(r) is an even function
rS. ff & =.r + a log lsin x 2 cos xl + /r (where /r (b) /(x) is bounded tunction
JJsla -
(c) Range of/(x) is (0, ll
be an arbitrary constant) then a is equal to _. (d) /(r) has two points of extrema
r-l
16. If i e = loe"( + c, then 7. ff ,tI " * =/(e(r)) + c, then
14 - 4rl + 8r2
-8r+ 4 ^x)) x'+ax+l
minimum value offx) is equal to _. (a) /(x) is invene trigonometic function for lal>2
.2.^
)'r*". (b) /(x) is logarithmic fimction for lal < 2
17. lf JI i , dr =lx), then the value (c) g(x) is quadratic function for lal> 2
+2x) + xa
xo +2xr +2xr +5
of ffil) -10)1, where [.] represents the greatest integer (d) B(r) is rational tunction for lal < 2
function, is_.
8. If Jfsin-rx-cos-l rd =
t8. Letfx) = *
'[,'*"otl,
andfo) = 0. Then the value of
(cosx + 2)' ls1 le, - 4a 1,, - 116:7] + 2 x + c, then
fittl2)is _.
(8) /(r) : sin r (b) /(.r) = cos.r
Murnplr Connrcl ANswrRs Tvrr
G) A:L ld) A::
l. The value(s) of
& is/are
J ,,!ze'
-
le4ii**=, *(=).
r
9. If
(a) Ji + c
2sec t

O) -ztan'-+" rt--'(])*ctn*
l2e' - |
 lndelinite lntegrction 65

@ A=-: ot r=l LrHrro Col,rpnrurrsror Tvpr

For Qu€stlons 1 to 3
@ A=; (o B=-; y =/(x) is polynomial firnction passing through point (0, I ) and
which increases in the int€rvals (1, 2) and (3, -) and decreases
in the intervals (- -, l) and (2, 3).
10. j( l+tanrtanl2 dt is equal to
l. Ifl( ) : - 8, then the value ofl(2) is
I

(a) -3 (b)-6
(a)
J(
tanxcotl-l dr (b)
J
sec rd (c) -20 (d) -7
2
2. If/(l) = - 8, then the range of/(x) is
lr-o"rl (.) [3, -) (t) t-*, -)
(c) -loglsecr-tanrl+C ,.,_,*lGl., (c) [-7, -) (d) (*, 6]
3. If/(r) = Q [6 fou'real rcots then range ofvalues ofleading
coeflicient of polynomial is
I dx
11. The value of
J l+ecosx
must b€ same as (r) l4te,Uzl O) [4/e, l]
(c, ll/3, rl2) (d) None ofthese
(a)
I -'IJ=,-r]2) +c, For Ouestlons 4 and 5
,lr -
"' IJt+e r(x - l)
(e lies between 0 and t) ,'J dt
(x2+l)(x+l) ,3 +r'+,
2
(b) *,-'f 'Il*,1')2) +c,
{l -"' (Jt+e =;*" * c, tt*
(e lies between 0 and l) lffil-uo-',74r
4. The value of/( I ) is
e+cosr+r,ft:l sinx (r) (h) 2
1cy $bg
tle'-l l+ecosx
+c,
(c)
I
3 (d) 4
(e is greater than l) 5. The value of lim tan-r .,f;(il is

..prog , * "o, r * ,,ftl "in

, +c, (a) 1d2 (b) ,tJ4
1a1 (c) z (d) ztt
- | l+€cosr
'1"'
(e greater
is than I ) For 0uestions 6 to I
12. If J xe'
*= plSa If J ,3-6.12+llr-6 dx:(Ai+ax+q x2 +4x+3
-2logg(x)+C then
x2 +4x+3
,,/r+a
f., -r +1
W,
dx
then
(8) /(r)=x- I

.[+"'+r
(b) e(x) =
F; 6.
J

Value of ,4 is
I
(c) g(x) = -r-- (d) f(x)= 2(x (b) I
./l+e'-l
2) a)
t
(c) 3 (d)_i
t.r. ,rJcos8r-cos7x & =K sin 3x + M sin 2r + c then 7. Value of C is
J l+2cos5x
r= (e) - 37 (o)-+
(a) r(= -tl3 G) l/3
t4
(cl M= -rt2 <d) M=ttz (c) ^
3
(d) 37
+1. J
tf J[ ': +c.wherecis
l+x'-
14. dx=Aloelxt+-
- 8. Value of I is
x(x'+l)' (r) 66 (b) 66
the constant of integration, then
(r),4=l O) l=-l (c) :J (o-+
(c) ,=- I (d) B:1
fi lndelnite lntogration

Mrrru Mrrcx Tvpr 2. Match the following columns:

Column I Column II
l. Match the functions with the integrals given in which they
appear. (a) (p) 0

Column I ( olumn II
n l*a'=r"a-t(/(r)+c,
J
Jl_4,
then t is geater than
.;r2-r+l
(a) rlr (p)
J ,3 -4r2 +4,
log ft (b)
rlffia:.nt'1t". (q) I

(b)
J#*
-1.
(q) log l.x - 2l
(c)
then a* is $eater than

Irf 'n+l ar=ltnl-xl" +-I[+r', +,,.

(r) 3

(r)
I
J x1x2 + l)
(c)
Io,-rL* (r-2) where r is the constant of integration,
then zt is lesser than
x5 +l d\
(d)
J n;:, (s) (d)
e =*rnt( . tan
,rlJ 5+4cosr ;).,, \
(s) ;l

(0 ; then ,t t is geater than

 lndefinke lntegration 67

JEE ARCHIVES

JEE (Mmu) 2021 Qurmons (Au- Foun Srssroxs) t

5. dr
Single Correct Answer Type
The integral
J
@ is equal to

(where C is a constant of integration)

sln,!+cos.r
r. rr rfE dx = asin-l + c. where

,;[#)' ,i(#)'
5
J8-sin2x
c is a constant of integration, then the ordered pair (a, D)
+C +C
is equal to:

,i(.)'
I
(a) (-t, 3)
,i(#)
5
O) (3, l)
(c) (1,3) (d) (1, -3) +C +C

2. Let f be a twice differentiable function defined on R

Numerical Value Type
such that/(o) = l,f'(0)=2 mdf'(x'S rt 0 for all x eR. If
l. For real numbers a,p,yand5,if
lf:n l::nl= q for allr e R, then the value orl(l)
l-f'tx) 7"1'11 l1+ tan-l
x2 +l
lies in the interval:
1x2 -
I dr
(a) (e, 12) (b) (6, e) r:+l
(xa +3.r2 +l)tan-r
(c) (0,3) (d) (3,6) ,I

3. The value ofthe integral x2 +l T(x2 -D

I
sin 9. sin20(sin6 0 + sino 0
l-coo20
r.in' e;.,6.1n0 e * l.io' 0 * o
d0 is:
=
"r"r" [*'( )).,*'
x2 +l
(wher€ c is a constant of integra.tion)
+d tan +C
.r

(r) *[l l - lEsin' e*r.ioo e - zrao e]i * " where C is an arbitrary constant, then the value of
lo(a + P1,+6) is equal to _.
ol {[e- z*,te-l*"oe-6"o12o]i+. )
"l c*;i =,*-, (?) ., [o-*) .
",
tc) fi [e-zsiu6a-lsinoe-osin2 0]i +c x > 0 where C is the constant of integration, then the

value of 9(..f3a + 6) is equal to

I
(d) t - t8"or' o +9"oso o - 2"os6 o]i +.
18 [l
3.
[## 6 = L1* *u tos"(4e' + 7e-' )) + c,
1.
.
l}enryatJ-;#;-3185.2,
! <-2lo&2,
d, r>
" -.
.;;;--- r*; 0,is€qusl
where C is a constant integration, then r + v is equal to
to: (where c is a coNtant ofintegration)
(a) lo&ll + 5.r - 7l + c

(b) 4 log[l + 51- 71 I

4. If [,,t-'
J sm- r +cos-
, r d =dlo&ll +ranrl
"
(c)
lbg" l.r'?+s,- l+c
z + plo& lr + tanr + tan2r | + /*-' (2ff1)-t
(d) log" x' + 5x- I +c when C is constant of integalion, then the value of
18 (a+ p+ l) _.is
68 lndefrnitelnteg@tion

JEE (Aovercro) Qursno rs (2010-2021)

Single Correct Answer Type

l. t*"
The integral [ ,- d, equsls (for some
'
'(secr+tanx)"
arbitrary constant /f)
(.) - f-1t"."r**rt'I*x
lL't 'l
r + tan r)"' '
(sec
--L------r.''--
(b)
tl I
(sec r + tan x)2 +K
(sec r + tan r)r Ir 1 tt7

(c)
(secx + tan
If*lr.or*,-rr']
x)'r'' [l 7. ') +K
(d)
t."",*;I- {}
*
} r'*' *'-'r'} * r
(IIT-JEE.20l2)
 lndefrnite lntegration 69

ANSWERS

CoHcspr Appucmor Exrncrsr 1 I

to. - rn(l*r')*c
.l^5
"22
t. !ri
35 -!rl +C 2. 2l tx-3secx+C tl. I2 log (r + + 12) +c
3. 2 [sin.r + x cos a] + C 4. secr - tan.r +r +c
2 rz. log + t; + c
5. L+x+C ] 1.ra

2
2
13. - +C
vsln r
CoHcrpr Appr.rcmoN ExERcrsE 2
cot3 .r
14. - cotr - --t- *"
I -!*"zr-!""
23
15. 2 sinef +c
,. - cos 7x 1!9!r 16'
t42 16. r""'r +"
p
-cos (2x + l)
^5'2*6 cosl 12x + l)
+C
I
17. -
4. sin2r+c z(e" +t)
5. (l -x) r+c
t8. (cos a- sin a) (r - a) + (sin d+ cos d)
72 -+c
c. L+r-L-h lr+t l+c x loglsin (-x - a) | + c
32 ll
19. - loglsec3x - -logl sec2rl-log secxl+r
CoHcrpr Appr-rcnnoN ExERcrsE 3
Corcrrr Appr.rcmoN ExERcrsE 4
L16 (l + 2x211 ag
,. 2x-1 +C
2.?5 (x + 2)st2
4
(x+2)3n+C J., 2(x+l)
3
2. tatr-t (y') + c
3. sin I (tan r)
I x2-x +l +C
-
4.
(sec 2x)3_-+L
sec 2x 3
2
log
x2+x+l
62
zJzo-, l,"-1)*.
I
5. -2 tan2r+logltanr]+C r. -Lt lzx.l2 )
6. I G - t)''' *
7 4
(l,l)4i3 + c
s. lo"-'( tan2 r-l +C
I Jz l. J2 x tan

J'
16-x2
Corcrpr AppucanoN EXERCIsE 5
8.- +C
l6r
I I
5
r. j roe
lz,
- rt+, . rl- c
9 I+ a
+C
t0 t'
70 lndefinite lntegrction

2. sin I
r+ 3
+C 14. trcn,-t-*c
4 2- 4

J-.*1, * .,[, - rl. c I .En-Jt

,E 15. 2Jx+ 2 +
6 x+2+ J' +C log

Coucrrr AprucmoN ExERcrsE 6

t6.
I
*-,!E *.
l. ron- ('* 2)'
(r+l) * c sin0+cos0
_Lh
17. I =sin 20 h
cos0-sin0 2 lsec20l+C
z. ronl'-ll-ltanrx+c I
ilu.', *-,[]r,.u)-,*
- lx + ll 2 ra. 4r2+8-r+13 +c
2

, ]*lf*|.. NCERT LEVEL EXERCISE

4. log I secr + tanr - 2tan x/2 + C
|
l. 13 ",,*r* c z. t+nnlxl -2x+C
5.
i6 log
./G+t -"6 *-'I @ +C
2 "'.
r +l + .6 l-i I
"1 q2*z I
3. 1az
1
8G+c l. l*r*c
7
6. 1 ,, xa lx2 1l *a 5. tan.\+sec.r+C 6. 2cotx r+c
6 (.r' + l)'
5l
7. tanr+secr+c 8. L-L+r+..
53
CoHcrrr Appr.rcruox Exrncrsr 7
9. tanr-colr-4r+c. ,0. ,o* 1-l?2
*2 log, _ 12
38
,, *,
24 ll. L*.
2

,r. ',.,n,.n['* o) +c.

2. rtanr+loglcosrl+C 2 2 " \2 6)
I
3. +c (log, )3
;[secxtanx+log(sec.r+tanr)l ,r. *a 14. cos (cos x) + C
3
4. zlG sinJi +cosJil+c
tx
_t
15.211
l'
+ 41r/2 8)+C 16. ------i- + C
5. 2rtan-t x- log (t +l)+ C l8(2+ 3rr)r

o. y'. tuof +" (log r)r-' *a

x t7 (x + logx)3 +c. ,r. (l- -)
-.1

7. dtzD.x+C _t
8, q(x'1+ er f (x) 19. --- loel9-4ll+C zo. 1 loe tA+ext+c
8 2"
,. o[ +' aJ]*. 21. log(sinx-x cosx) + c. 22, """'
p
*
*".
[-r

rc. ' ,[r - ,' +2 sin-l l+ c 23. log(e'+ l)-x-e'+c Zl. -]{t-tan2r)r':+.
2

11. x log (l +.r) - 2r + log (r + l) 2s. j tx + loeGin x - cos x)l + c

12. x (log.r)2 + c
26. (xt + l)t'2 +log(x+Jr'+l)+c.
13. -(e-r+ l) tog(/+ l)+x+ (
 lndefinitolntegration 71

I lsin l2r sin 8x

_l_+_+r+.- sin 4x'l
I2 ron- l'*lltl --+C4
4 ll+c n,.
27.
4l t2 8 lx (r-l)
-
,r. cos6 , _ coso , +C nq. !loglx+r -frrogt, I
6 4 flogtzr+31+C
29.
I sin 4x sin l2r +C 50, loe rl llonl*t*c
, 412 2'
30. r-tan{ + C 51. log lx ll* 1 log t +f + 1sn ry+ (
2
7 +C
3r. 1-1sin2-r+ I sin4r+c 52. 3loe t+21+
(x+2)
8432
32. 1
J
tanl x - tan -r +.r + C 53.
lbcl#1..
33, tanr+cot.r+C
*. -xcos3
34.
I
tan '(?) +c. 39 *lsin3r+c
6
x2 log2x _x2
,r. *,
35. log
I
+C 24
Itr-'l*.'[t-4,-sl 56.
,3 log, x3 -
3
(Jil)+c 39
36.
,6 tznt
51.
x
tan -'r-I+1t"o-tr+c
I log
l,'-r[ -r l-c
2
37.
3
s8. 1"" r12 - lt +..
38. log tanr+ 2
lzn2 x+4 +C
59. x(sinrx)+2.[ -7 sin'r-2r+C
3e. logl(x+l)+ + 2x+2 +C 60. d sin2x+c.

6t. L+
*. * *, (u#). x
C
"
.,1(,-1). x2 -3x+2 +C
62.(.r "' ,ag
l)'
-
'. 63. dsecr+C
,. '''(H).. 64.
;,[l - 4f -l,in-r 2, + c

lr.,',f,t- I +ztog lr+.fi'? - r +C 65. (r+2) + 4r +l

3
logl(x+2)+
2 2
I
logll -2x - s l+ ,." l'-'- {l +C
2 +4r+l ++C
G -l.r-l+./ol
44.
2
2x-3 +3x- x2 + 13 2r - 3)
45. ftan_' (r + l)]+C 66.
4 8".n-r f\J13,/ +c
46. ! tarr-t (ztzox) +
". 67.
;.17
+' 3
+-
2
tog;r*r,f,'+11*c
loglr-ll-2loglr-21 +- loglx-31+C
3
47. L
2 2
72 lndefinite lntegrction

31. (c) 32. (b) 33. (c) 34. (c) 3s. (b)
68. 1 log
2
l*l +C 36. (c) 37. (c) 38. (a) 39. (a) 40. o)

JEE LEVEL EXERCISES

69. 2.tj -*1 + axa -6lo9 l+ xi +C
Srxels Connrcr Arswrn Tvpr
70. sin a log I sin (x-a) I +r cos a + C
Level 1
71, l/3 +c
/sinr\
r. (c) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (a)
72. sin I tt +C 6. 7. r. 9.
lzl r1.
(a)
(c)
(a)
12. (b)
(b)
13. (b) 14. (d)
(c) 10. (b)
ls. (d)
73. lsin-l (-r4 t + c 16. o) 17. (c) 1E. (a) re. o) 20. (c)
4" 21. (d) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (b) 2s. (a)
74. loolt
+" l+c 26. (b) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (c) 30. (a)
-12+ e'l 31. o) 32. (b) 33. (c) 34.(b) 35. (b)
36. 3e. (b)
75. I 6rr-l ,- I *-l r *" O) 37. (a) 3E. (a)
362
Level 2
2(2x-r)
,0. J-r+ZGj -r+c 40. (b) 41. (c) 42. (a) 43. (c) u. (a)
xfi "*-t
45. (a) 46. (a) 47. (d) 48. (b) 49. (a)
zz. j(,.".-',-.[J)+c s0. (a) sl. (b) s2. (b) s3. (b) 54. (c)
ss. (b) s6. (c) s7. (d) st. (a) 59. (c)
(tto")"' 60. (a) 61. (a) 62. (b) 63. O) 64. (c)
,r. -(,-")"'
t/2 - 3/2
*. 6s. (b) 66. (c) 67. (b) 68. (c) 6e. (b)
70. (b) 71. (b) 72. (d) 73. (c) 74. (c)
STATE LEVEL EXERCISES 75. (a) 76. (b) 77. (d) 78. (c) 7e. o)
r0. (d) 81. (a)
SrrelE Connrcr Alswrn TYpr
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (a) s. (d) Nunrnrcll Vllur Tvps
6. (d) 7. (a) 8. (b) 9. (a) 10. (a)
1. (-{.125) 2. (10.4) 3. (8) 4. (l) s. (2)
rr. (a) 12. (d) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (a)
6. (.0.75) 7. (-r) E. (9) e. (0) 10. (2.0
16. (d) 17. (b) rE. (a) t9. (a) 20. (a)
11. (3) 12. (-0.5) 13. (l) 14. (3) ls. (2)
21. o) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (a) 25. (a)
16. (l) 17. (0) 18. (0.s)
26. (d) 27. (c\ 28. (b) 2e. (b) 30. (b)
31. (b) 32. (^) 33. (d) 34. (c) 3s. (a) Murnplr Connrcr Alswrns Tvpr
36. (a) 37. (a) 38. ( a)
l. (a), (b), (d) 2. (a), (c) 3. (b), (d)
Ancxryrs a. (a), (d) 5. (a), (c), (d) 6. (a), (b), (
7. (a), (b), (d) 8. (a), (d) 9. (a), (b)
l. (d) 2. (a) 3. (c) 4. (d) s. (c)
10. (a), O), (c), (d) 11. O), (c) 12. (b), (d)
6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (a) e. (d) r0. (d)
13. O), (c) 14. (a), (d)
11. (c) 12. (b) 13. (a) 14. (a) rs. (b)
16. (a) 17. (b) 1r. (d) 19. (a) 20. (a)
Ltrxro Cor,rpRrxENsroN TypE
21. (b) 22. (a) 23. (b) 24. (d) 2s. (c)
26. (a) 27. \c) 28. (d) 2e. (b) 30. (a) 1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (c) s. (a)
6. (a) 7. (d) E. (b)
 lndofinite lnte$ation 73

Mrrnn Marcx Tvpe l{umerical Value Type

l. (6) 2. (15) 3. (7) 4. (3)
r. (a) -+ (p, q, r); (b) + (p, q, r); (c) -+ (p, q, r, s);
(d) r (p, q, r, s, t)
JEE (Aovnxcro)
2. (a) -+ (p, q); (b) -+ (p); (c) -, (r, s); (d) -+ (p, q)
Single Correct Answer Type
JEE ARCHIVES 1. (c)

JEE (Mnrn)
Single Correct Answer Type
!. (c) 2. (b) 3. (d) 4. (b) s. o)
Testimonials
When ljoined Shatru sir's class, ln the beginning I wasn't too sure ofwhat my shortcomings were in Maths. Sir not only identified them but
also help me fix them. All this took quite some time, but sir was always there to constantly motvate me. He was more like a friend than a
teacher and this made the process of learningvery interesting. The variety of problems he provided me with was commendable. His efforts
helped me develop speed and accuracy. He also often discussed with me the different strategies during an exam, and as a result lwas able
to choosethe best one for myself.
-Avinandan Bose, WBJEE Rank # 1, JEE-Adv Rank f 104, llT Kanpur

I always dreamt of being in the best institute in the best branch. And here I am today pursuinS Computer Science (BTech) in llT-Bombay. A

large reason for this dream coming true is Shatru 5ir. From Day one of his coaching he was very interactive with the class. His mo6ve is to
make every student understand before moving on. This helped me cover a lot in the coaching itself. And in case ofdoubts he was always
available for clarifying them. He used to keep the atmosphere joyous while teaching which clearly showed his passion towards teaching.
This also enabled everyone to be involved in the class lecture. His friendly behaviorenables the students to interact more in class and I used
to enjoy attending his classes. Until the very last day before the exams he kept us motivated by giving us ideas on how to approach the
papers and not to panic under any circumstance. lt were his vital inputs because of which I can pursue my dream today. I am very thanHul
to him for all he has done and wish him allthe best for hisfuture endeavors.
-NavneetAgarwal, llT-Bombay (Computer Science)

It was in class 11when lAaronyak Dewanjigot enrolled in Shatrudha sir's classes. He is a very motivational and persistent teacher, and was
not perturbed by teaching virtually. ln fact, I never noticed any di_erence between Sir's o_ine and online classes, I even felt I was sitting in a
classroom sometimes. Sir would encourage each and everyone in the class to participate and speak up and he gave individual ca re to each
student's strength and weaknesses. He made sure that every minute of those Zoom meetings was put to use, and his daily assignments
were very helpful. When JEE Advanced got postponed Sir took extra classes and made sure that all his students were not forgettint the
concept. My mother frequently told me that I am not llT material. (And I agreed.) She also used to callShatrudha sir on the phone and told
him about how I didn't want to study and always played video games. Sir was always very patient in hearing out. Sir convinced my mother
that I had the capacity to go to llT. His exact words were 'llT bheihna hai usko' (We have to send him to llT). He started pushing me very hard
and often called to keep track of how eveMhing wasgoing on. And finally allthe mofivation and persistence was fruitful .
Thank you sir.
-Aaronyak oewanji, llT KGP

ljoined Shatru sir in class 12 as a confused and unsure 17 y/o. He is literally one ofthe best teachers I have ever met. He knew exactly what I
was capable of and would go above and beyond in terms of e_ort to help me acheive my true potential. Not only an extremely amazing
teacher who made you fall in love with the concepts( One ofthe BEST lectures oflEE Combinatorics in my opinion I have ever attended was
his class!!) but also a big brother with whom you can share your life's personal problems and also joke about things. lwould literally call him
at random times regarding various "fears" and "stress factors" of mine and he would always give me just the right advice I need in that
moment! I truly feel extremely luckyto have met such an amazingteacher/guide/friend !!
Thank you for eveMhing sir!!
0ebadrito Roy, llSc Banglore

A "teacher" is an understatement for shatru sir. He is a three dimensional being -A teacher, a friend and guide.
a ljoined sir,s institute in
class 1l with the hopes ofjoining an llr. And now after 2.5 years offun-filled classes, where having
fun went;t par with academics, it,s safe
to sav I have been able to fulfillthat dream. sir's fluid technique ofteachint the concepts, innumelble
sums ofalllevels of di_culty, various
trick, exam strategies and doubt-clearing sessions were certainly of the upmost help,
AlFin-all sir is the perfect teacheri JEE aspirant
needs'Not to mention sir's motivational speeches which helped us immenselywheneverwe
felt down orwere nervous before exams.
-Srinioy Ghosh, T Roorkee

Shatru sir is a brilliant teacher and he makes a complex subject

like mathematics easy and en.loyable. He kept us motivated
and never hesitated in clearing our any of doubts. Under hii guidance throughout
we practiced a lot of pioblems from each topic within
which helped us a lot in competitive exams. Being his student a time
was truly a great experience.
_Areesh_Ul-Eimaan,
lSl Kolkata

shatru sir has always been a great mentor,friend

and teacher. Treating the class to some patties
jokes in the middle' he always manages after a long class or cracking some
to lift the student s sprriti. He'exptain, .orpr",
student has unde^tood the concept well sometimes topi., ,"rv irtuiir"rv .na ,akes sure every
the ct"* *outJ iu.orn" so interes6ng
always kept motivating us and pushed that i would lose track of 6me. shatru sir
us to achieve our b"ti. n" i", ,.0"
.e fu, in rove with math.
-Dewang Kr Agarwal, All lndia
Topper, tSC-2019
 ABOUT MATHS FACULTY

Shatrudha Prasad

A graduate of llT Madras, started a teaching stint when

he was himself a
student. This experience of his brought him to terms with
the ground

\ realityofrealproblemsandlssues,anaspirantfaces'Heisapotentcombi-
his age and
nation of wvo things. He is young and old' Young because of
oldbecauseofhislongyearsintoteaching.HisclassesinMathsareKinetic
Energy replete. He can traverse from end of the spectrum
to the end in any
deftly
topi-eamlessly. He punches power in suitably calibrated quantities
andeffectively,makinghimperfectfromastudentperspective'lfsabout
time, that his services reach out to every nook and corner of the country'
with students being the biggest beneficiaries' Shatrudha regularly holds
counsellingsessionsforparentsandisagreatdrivingforce.Aperfect
combination of Teacher, Guide and Motivator. Hundreds of testimonials
written by his ex-students strengthen all the above claims'

mABATHOn
ACADEMY
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coNTAcr No.- Es6r 6,'srol zqSol$r ults 8o8tzo6t

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