CHAPTER

Pair of Linear Equations

3 in Two Variables

KEY POINTS

Lincar equation in

two variables

a,x +b,y +G =0 () ...

a,t + by tc, =0 ... (2)

Equation of a
straight line

Method to solve

ax + by tc=0
Solution (x, y) Points
lying on straight linc, Algcbraic Graphical
method method

Intersecting

(intersect at
lines

l
a

point)
*X b,

one solution

Coincident
b #
Elimination Method
ax+by =c ...(1)
Infinite solution

a,r +b,y=C, ...(2) Parallel lines a b,

3
Substitution Method by a,
Multiplying eq. (1) (Non Intersecting) No solution
ax+ b,y +c, =0 ...(1) and eq. (2) by a, making
a,r + b,ytc, =0 ...(2) coefficient of x same and
Substituting the value of hence eliminating x and
x from (1) in eq. (2)
cq. finding y.
and finding y and
vice versa.

VERY SHORT ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

1. If the lines given by 3x+ 2ky =2and 2r + 5y= 1 are parallel, then the value of
k is

Ifx =a and =b y is the solution ofthe equation x y =2and x+y =4, then
2.
the values of a and b are respectively

22 Mathematics-X
3. A pair of linearequations which has a unique solution x= 2 and y =-3is
(a) x+y=l and
2x-3y =-5
(b) 2x +5y =-11 and 2x-3y =-22
(c) 2x+Sy =-11 and 4x+ 10y =-22
(d) x–4y- 14=0 and 5x-y- 13 =0
4. The area ofthe triangle formed by the lines r =3,y =4 and x =y is
5. The value of kfor which the system of equations 3x + 5y =0 and kx + 10y =0
has a non-zero solutions is

6. If a pair of linear equations in two variables is consistent, then the lines

represented by two equations are:
(a) Intersecting (b) Parallel

(c)always coincident (d) intersectingor coincident

7. For 2x+3y =4, y can be written in terms of x as
8. One of the common solution of ax + by= c and y axis is

(d)

9. If ax + by =c and lx+my= n has unique solution then the relation between the
coefficient will be:

(a) am # lb (b) am =lb (c) ab =Im (d) ab Im

10. In AABC, ZC =32B, ZC= 2(ZA+ ZB)then, ZA,ZB,ZC are respectively.

(a) 30°,60°,90° (b) 20°, 40°, 120°

(c) 45°,45°, 90° (d) 110°, 40°, 50º

11. If x= 3m -1 and y =4 is a solution of the equation x+y =6,then find the value
ofm.
12. What is the point of intersection of the line represented by 3x- 2y =6 and the
y-axis?

13. For what value of p, system of equations 2x tpy = 8 and x +y=6 have no
solution.

14. A motor cyclist is moving along the line xy=2and another motor cyclist is

moving along the line x-y= 4 find out their moving direction.
15. Find the value of forwhich pair oflinearequations
k 3.x +2y=-5andx- ky=
2 has a unique solution.
16. Write the solution ofy =x and =-. y

17. If 2:r + 5y = 4, write another linear equation, so that lines represented by the

pair are coincident.

18. Check whether the graph of the pair of linearequations x+ 2y -4 =0and 2x+
4y- 12 =0 is intersectinglines or parallel lines.

19. What is the value of p, for which the pair of linearequations xty=3 and

3x tpy =9 is inconsistent.

20. Ifwe draw lines of x =2 and y =3 what kind of lines do we get?

SHORT ANSWER TYPE ()QUESTIONS (2 MARKS QUESTIONS)

21. Form a pair of linear equations for: The sum of the numerator and denominator

of the fraction is 3 less than twice the denominator. If the numerator and

denominator both are decreased by 1, the numerator becomes half the

denominator.

22. For what value of p the pair of linearequations (p + 2)x–(2p + 1)y =3(2p-1)

23.
and 2x–3y=7has a unique solution.
ABCDE is apentagon with BE|| CD and BC DE, BC is perpendicular
If the perimeter of ABCDE is 21 cm, find x and y.
| to CD

3 cm 3 cm

B E
5 cm

x-y

24. Solve for x and y

X-=3 and _2y_2

2 2 3 3
25. Solve for x and y

3r+ 2y = 11 and 2r+3y =4

Also find p ifp = &x +5y
26. Solve the pair of linear equations by substitutionmethod x -7y +42 = 0 and
X-3y- 6=0
27. Ram is walking along the line joining (1,4)and (0,6)
Rahim is walking along the line Joining (3, 4)and (1,0)
Represent on graph and find the point where both of them cross each other
28. Given the linear equation 2r + 3y -12 =0, write another linear equation in

these variables,such that. geometrical representation of the pair so formed is

()Parallel Lines (ii) Coincident Lines

29. The difference of two numbers is 66. Ifone number is four times the other,find
the numbers.

30. For what value of k, the following system of equations will be inconsistent
kr + 3y =k-3
12x +ky =k
SHORT ANSWERS TYPE (1)QUESTIONS
31. Solve graphically the pair of linear equations 5.r-y =5 and 3x-2y =-4
Also find the co-ordinates of the points where these lines intersect y-axis
32. Solve (CBSE)

=a+ b
a

-2
33. For what values of a and b the following pair of linear equations have infinite
number of solutions? (CBSE)
2x + 3y=7
ar + y) - = +b-2
b(r– y) 3a
34. Find the value of k for no solutions
(3k + l)x+ 3y- 2 =0
(k + 1)x + (k-2)y -5 =0
35. Solve the pair of linear equations
152r –378y =-74
-378x + 152y =-604
36. Pinky scored 40 marks in a test getting 3 marks for each right answer and
losing 1 mark for each wrong answer. Had 4 marks been awarded for each
correct answer and 2marks were deducted for each wrong answer, then pinky
again would have scored 40 marks. How many questions were there in the test?
37. Father's age is three times the sum of ages of his two children.After 5 years his
age will be twice the sum of ages of two children.Find theage of the father.

38. On selling a T.V. at 5% gain and a fridge at 10% gain, a shopkeeper gain
? 2000. But if he sells the T.V. at 10% gain and fridge at 5% loss, he gains
7 1500 on the transaction.Find the actual price of the T.V. and the fridge

39. Sunita has some 50and 100 notes amounting to a total of 15,500. If the

total number of notesis 200, then find how many notes of? 50 and 100 each,
she has.

LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

40. Solve graphicallythe pair of linear equations 3x–4y + 3 =0 and 3x+ 4y– 21
=0
Find the co-ordinatesof vertices of triangular region formed by these lines and
x-axis.Also calculatethe area of this triangle.

41. A and B are two points 150 km apart on a highway. Two cars start with different
speeds from A and Bat sametime. they move in same direction,they meet in
If

15hours. If they move in opposite direction,they meet in one hour. Find their

speeds

42. The ratio of incomes of two persons A and B is 3: 4 and the ratio of their
expenditures is 5:7. If their savings are ? 15,000 annually find their annual
incomes.

43. Vijay had somebananas and he divided them into two lots A and B. He sold the
first lot at the rate of 2 for 3 bananas and the second lot at the rate of ? 1 per

banana and got a total of 400. If he had sold the first lot at the rate of? Iper
banana and the second lot at the rate of 4 for 5 bananas, his total collection
would have been 460. Find the total number of bananas he had.

(HOTS,Exampler)

44. A railway half ticket cost half the full fare but the reservationcharges are the
same on a half ticket as on a full ticket. One reserved first class ticket costs
R 2530. One reserved first class ticket and one reserved first class half ticket

from stations A to B costs 3810. Find the full first class fare from stations A to
B and also the reservationcharges for a ticket. (Exemplar)
45. Determine graphically, the vertices of the triangle formed by the lines y =x,
3y =x and x+y= 8. (NCERTExemplar)

46. Draw the graphs of theequations x =3,x =5 and 2r-y-4 =0.Also findthe
area of the quadrilateral formed by the lines and the x-axis.
(NCERTExemplar, HOTS)
47. A nirudh takes 3 hours more than Nishi to walk 30 km. But if Anirudh doubles
his speed, he is ahead of Nishi by 1½ hours. Find their speed ofwalking.
48. In a two digit number, the ten's place digit is 3 times the unit's place digit.
When the number decreased by 54, digits get reversed.Find the original
number.

49. A two-digitnumber is 3 more than 4 times the sum of thedigits. If 18 is added

to the number, digits reversed. Find the number.

50. Find the values of a and b for infinite solutions

() 2x-(a–4)y = 2b + 1

4x-(a- 1)y= 55-1

(ii) +
2x 3y =7
2ax +ay= 28– by

ANSWERS AND HINTS

1. k= 15
4
2. a=3 and b= 1

3. (c)2x+ 5y =- 11 and 4x + 10y =-22

4. sq. unit 5. k6
6. (d)intersecting or coincident 7. y=2r
3

9. (a)am lb

10. (b)20°, 40°, 120° 11. m =1

12. (0,-3) 13. p=2
14. move parallel 1s, k2 3

16. (0,0) 17. 4x + 10y =8

18. Parallel lines 19. p=3

20. Intersecting lines 21. x-y=-3,2r-y= 1

22. p 4 23. x= 5, y=0

24. 4,2 25. x 5,y = =-2,p=30
26. 42, 12 27. (2,2)
28. (i) 4x +6y + 10 =0
(ii) 4x + 6y-24 =0

29. 88,22 30. k=-6

31. (2,5)(0,– 5)and (0,2) 32. x =a',y =b?
33. a =5, b= 1 34. k=-1
35. 2, 1 36. 40 questions
37. 45 years

38. T.V. =20,000 Fridge = 10,000

39. 50 notes =90, 100 notes=110

40. Solution (3,3),Vertices (-1,0) (7, 0)and (3,3), Area = 12 square units
41. 80 km/hr, 70 km/hr

42. 90,000, 1,20,000

43. Let the no. of bananas in lots A be x and in lots B be y

2
Case I : ,ty =400 > 2r +3y = 1200
4

Case 2 : X+ =460 5x+4y 2300 =

x=300, y=200, Total bananas =500.

44. Let the cost of full and half ticket be x&? 2 and reservationcharge by

y per ticket.

Case I :xty= 2530

Case 2:x +,+y

+ty+; =3810
x=2500, y = 30
Full first class fare is 2500 andreservationcharge is 30.

45. Vertices of the triangle are (0, 0)(4,4) (6, 2).

46. Area of quadrilateral ABCD where,

A(3, 0), B(5,0)

C(5, 6), D(3, 2)

2 AB x (AD +BC)
x

- 2 x2x(6+ 2) =8 sq. units.

10
47.
3 km/hr, 5 km/hr

48. 93

49. 35

50. (i) 7, 3
(ii) 4, 8
 PRACTICE-TEST
Pair of Linear Equations In Two Variables
:
Time 45 Minutes :
M.M. 20
SECTION-A
1, For what value of k system of equations
x+ 2y=3 and 5x +ky +7=0 has a unique solution. 1

2. Does the point (2, 3) lie on line represented by the graph -

of3 x 2y =5. 1

3. The pair of equations x =a and y =b graphicallyrepresentes lines which are:

(a) Parallel (b) Intersecting at (b,a)

(c) Coincident (d) Intersecting at (a,b)
4. For what value of K, the equations 3x -y +8 =0 and 6x – Ky=-16 represent
coincident lines? 1

(a) (c) 2 (d) -2

2
SECTION-B
5. For what value of a and b the pair of linear equations have infinite number of
solutions
2r-3y =7
ax + 3y =b 2
6. Solve for x and y
0.4x +
0.3y = 1.7
0.7x-0.2y=0.8
7. Ifthesystem of equations 6x + 2y=3 and kr +y =2hasa unique solution,find
the value of k. 2
SECTION-C
8. Solve for xand y

x+y =a+b
ax- by =a'-b 3
9. Sum of theages ofa fatherand the son is 40 years.Iffather's age is three times
that of his son, then find their ages. 3
SECTION-D
10. Solve the following pair of equations graphically.
3x + Sy =12 and 3x-Sy =-18. 4
Also shade the region enclosed by these two lines and x-axis.