CHAPTER -01

RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS

One Mark questions.

1. Define a reflexive relation [K]

2. Define a symmetric relation . [K]

3. Define a transitive relation [K]

4. Define an equivalence relation [K]

5. A relation R on A = {1, 2, 3} defined by R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (3, 3)} is not symmetric why ? [U]
6. Give an example of a relation which is symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive. [U]
7. Give an example of a relation which is transitive but neither reflexive and nor symmetric. [U]
8. Give an example of a relation which is reflexive and symmetric but not transitive. [U]
9. Give an example of a relation which is symmetric and transitive but not reflexive . [U]
10. Define a one-one function. [K]

11. Define an onto function [K]

12. Define a bijective function. [K]

13. Prove that f : R  R defined by f(x) = x2 is many-one. [U]

14. Prove that f : Z  Z defined by f(x) =1+ x2 is not one one. [U]
15. Let A = {1, 2, 3} B = {4, 5, 6, 7} and f = {(1, 4), (2, 5), (3, 6)} be a function from A to B. Show that f
is one-one. [U]
16. Write the number of all one – one functions from the set A = {a, b, c} to itself. [U]
17. If A contains 3 elements and B contains 2 elements, then find the number of one-one functions
from A to B. [U]

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Question Bank: Department of Pre University Education
18. Define a binary operation. [K]
19. Find the number of binary operations on the set {a,b}. [K]
20. On N, show that subtraction is not a binary operation. [U]

21. On Z (The set of positive integers) define * by a *b  a  b .Determine whether * is

a binary operation or not.
[U]

22. On Z , define * by a *b  ab , (where Z+ = The set of positive integers), Determine

whether * is a binary operation or not.

[U]

23. On Z , define * by a *b  ab2 ,(where Z+ = The set of positive integers) Determine

whether * is a binary operation or not.

[U]

24. On Z , define * by a *b  a b ,where Z+ is the set of non negative integers, Determine

whether * is a binary operation or not. [U]

25. On Z , define * by a *b  a  b , (where Z+ = The set of positive integers)Determine

whether * is a binary operation or not. [U]

26. On Z , define * by a *b  a , (where Z+ = The set of positive integers),Determine whether

* is a binary operation or not. [U]
27. Let * be a binary operation on N given by a * b = H.C.F. write the value of 22 * 4. [U]
28. Is * defined on the set A={1, 2, 3, 4, 5} by a * b = L C M of a and b, a binary operation ? Justify
your answer. [U]
29. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and * is a binary operation on A defined by a * b = H C F of a and b
Is * commutative? [U]
30. Let * be a b.o on N given by a * b = L.C.M.of a and b. find 5*7 [K]
31. Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and * is a binary operation on A defined by a * b = H C F of a and b.
Compute (2 * 3) . [U]
32. Let * be a b.o on N given by a * b = L.C.M.of a and b. find 20*16. [U]

33. On Z , define * by a *b  a  b where Z+ is the set of non negative integers, determine

whether * is a binary operation or not. [U]

34. On Z , define * by a *b  a b where Z+ is the set of non negative integers, determine

whether * is a binary operation or not.
[U]

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Question Bank: Department of Pre University Education
35. On Z (the set of nonnegative int egers) define * by a *b  a  b a, b  Z

Is * is a binary operation on Z+ . [U]

36. On Z (the set of nonnegative integers) define * by a *b  a  b a, b  Z .

Is * a binary operation on Z+ . [U]

37. Show that ‘0’ is the identity for addition in R. [K]
38. Show that 1 is the identity for multiplication in R. [K]
39. Show that there is no identity element for subtraction (division) in R. [U]
40. On Q * is defined as , a * b = a – b .Find the identity if it exists. [U]
41. On Q * is defined as a * b = a + ab. Find the identity if it exists. [U]
ab
42. On Q * is defined as a * b   a, b  Q, find identity. [K]
4
43. On Q * is defined as a *b  a  b  a, b  N, find identity if it exists. [U]

44. On N, a * b = L.C.M of a and b. Find the identity of * in N. [K]

45. Show that –a is the inverse of a under addition in R. [K]
1
46. Show that is the inverse of a  a  0  under multiplication in R. [K]
a
47. Given a non-empty set X, consider the binary operation *: P  X   P  X   P  X  given by

A*B  A  B  A, B  P  X , where P(X) is the power set of X. Show that X is the

identity element.
[U]

48. Given a non-empty set X, let *: P  X   P  X   P  X  defined by

A  B   A  B   B  A 

Show that the empty set  is the identity and all the elements of P(X). [U]

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Question Bank: Department of Pre University Education
Two Mark Questions.

1. Define a reflexive relation and give an example of it. [K]

2. Define a symmetric relation and give an example of it. [K]
3. Define a transitive relation and give an example of it. [K]
4. Define an equivalence relation and give an example of it. [K]
5. If f : R  R is defined by f(x) = 3x – 2. Show that f is one-one. [A]

If f : N  N given by f  x   x check whether f is one-one and onto. Justify your

2
6.

answer.[U]

If f : Z  Z given by f  x   x check whether f is one-one and onto. Justify your answer. [U]
2
7.

If f : R  R given by f  x   x
2
8. check whether f is one-one and onto. Justify

your answer. [U]

If f : N  N given by f  x   x check whether f is one-one and onto. Justify your answer.

3
9.

[U]

10. If f : Z  Z given by f  x   x 3 check whether f is one-one and onto. Justify your answer.

[U]
11. Show that the function f : N  N , given by f(x) = 2x is one-one but not onto. [U]
12. Show that the function given by f(1) = f(2) = 1 and f(x) = x – 1, for every x > 2, is onto but not
one-one. [U]
13. Prove that the greatest integer function f : R  R given by f(x) = [x] is neither one-one nor
onto [U]
14. Show that the modulus function f : R  R given by f(x) = | x | is neither one-one nor
onto.[U]

x
 ,x0
15. Show that the Signum function f : R  R defined by f  x    x is neither one-
0 , x  0

one nor onto [U]

 n 1
 2 if n is odd
16. Let f : N  N defined by f  n    State whether f is bijective. Justify
 n if n is even
 2
your answer. [U]

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Question Bank: Department of Pre University Education
17. Let A and B are two sets. Show that f : A  B  B  A such that f(a, b) = (b, a) is a bijective
function. [U}

18. If f : R  R is defined by f(x) = 1 + x2, then show that f is neither 1-1 nor onto. [U]
19. Prove that f : R  R given by f(x) = x3 is onto. [U]
20. Let f :2, 3, 4, 5  3, 4, 5, 9 and g : 3, 4, 5, 9  7, 11, 15 be functions defined

f(2) = 3, f(3) = 4, f(4) = f(5) = 5 and g(3) = g(4) = 7 and g(5) = g(9) = 11. Find gof. [U]

21. Let f : 1, 3, 4  1, 2, 5 and g :1, 2, 5  1, 3 given by f = {1, 2), (3, 5), (4, 1)} and

g = {(1, 3), (2, 3), (5, 1)} write down gof..[U]

22. If f : A  B and g : B  C are one-one then show that gof : A  C is also one-one.[K]
23. If f : A  B and g : B  C are onto then show that gof : A  C is also onto.[K]
24. State with reason
whether f : 1, 2, 3, 4  10 with f  1, 10  ,  2, 10  ,  3, 10 , (4,10)

has inverse.[K]
25. State with reason whether
g  5, 6, 7, 8  1, 2, 3, 4 with g   5, 4  ,  6, 3 ,  7, 4  , 8, 2  has

inverse.[K]
26. State with reason whether
h : 2, 3, 4, 5  7, 9, 11, 13 with h   2, 7  ,  3, 9  ,  4, 11 ,  5, 13

has inverse.[K]
27. Consider the binary operation V on the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} defined by a v b = min {a, b}. Write
the operation table of the operation V. [K]
28. On Z, defined by a * b = a – b Determine whether * is commutative. [U]
29. On Q, defined by a * b = ab + 1. Determine whether * is commutative [U]
ab
30. On Q , * defined by a * b  Determine whether * is associative. [U]
2
31. On Z+, * defined by a *b  2ab . Determine whether * associative. [U]
a
32. On R – {–1}, * defined by a * b  Determine whether * is commutative [U]
b 1
ab
33. Verify whether the operation * defined on Q by a * b  is associative or not . [U]
2

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Question Bank: Department of Pre University Education
Three Mark Questions.

1) A relation R on the set A = {1, 2, 3......14} is defined as R = {(x, y) : 3x – y =0}. Determine whether
R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive. [U]
2) A relation R in the set N of natural number defined as R = {(x, y) : y = x + 5 and x < 4}. Determine
whether R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive. [U]
3) A relation ‘R’ is defined on the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} as R = {(x, y) : y is divisible by x}. Determine
whether R is reflexive, symmetric, transitive.
4) Relation R in the set Z of all integers is defined as R = {(x, y) : x – y is an integer}. Determine
whether R is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.
5) Determine whether R, in the set A of human beings in a town at a particular time is given by
R = {(x, y) : x and y work at the same place}
6) Show that the relation R in R, the set of reals defined as R = {(a, b) : a < b} is reflexive and
transitive but not symmetric.

7) Show that the relation R on the set of real numbers R isdefined by R = {(a, b) : a < b2} is neither
reflexive nor symmetric nor transitive.
8) Check whether the relation R in R the set of real numbers defined as

R = {(a, b) : a < b3} is reflexive, symmetric and transitive.

9) Show the relation R in the set Z of integers give by R = {(a, b) : 2 divides (a – b)} is an equivalence
relation.
10) Show the relation R in the set Z of integers give by R = {(a, b) : (a – b) is divisible by 2} is an
equivalence relation.
11) Show that the relation R in the set A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} given by R = {(a, b) : |a-b| is even} is an
equivalence relation.
12) Show that the relation R on the set A of point on cordinate plane given by
R = {(P, Q) distance OP = OQ, where O is origin is an equivalence relation.

13) Show that the relation R on the set A  x  Z : 0  x  12 given by

R = {(a,b) a  b :is a multiple of 4 }is an equivalence relation.

14) Show that the relation R on the set A  x  Z : 0  x  12 given by R = {(a,b) :a=b }is an

equivalence relation.

15) Show that the relation R on the set A  x  Z : 0  x  12 given by

R = {(a,b) a  b :is a multiple of 4 }is an equivalence relation.

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Question Bank: Department of Pre University Education
16) Let T be the set of triangles with R – a relation in T given by R = {(T1, T2) : T1 is congruent to T2}

Show that R is an equivalence relation.

17) Let L be the set of all lines in a plane and R be the relation in L defined as R = {(L1, L2) : L1 is

perpendicular to L2}. Show that R is symmetric but neither reflexive nor transitive.

18) Let L be the set of all lines in the XY plane and R is the relation on L by
R = {(l1, l2) : l1 is parallel to l2}. Show that R is an equivalence relation.

Find the set of all lines related to the line y = 2x + 4.

19) Show that the relation R defined in the set A of polygons as

R = {(P1, P2) : P1 and P2 have same number of side } is an equivalence relation.

20) If R1 and R2 are two equivalence relations on a set, is R1  R 2 also an equivalence relation.?

Justify your answer. [A]

21) If R1 and R2 are two equivalence relations on a set, then prove that R1  R 2 is also an

equivalence relation.[A]

22) Find gof and fog if f : R  R and g : R  R are given by f(x) = cos x and g(x) = 3x2.

Show that gof  fog. [U]

23) If f & g are functions from R  R defined by f  x   sin x and g  x   x Show that
2

gof  fog. [U]

24) Find gof and fog, if f  x   x and g  x   5x  2 [U]

25) Find gof and fog, if f  x   8x and g  x   x [U]

3 13

26) If f : R  R defined by f(x) = (3 – x3)1/3 then find fof(x). [U]

27) Consider f : N  N, g : N  N and h : N  R defined as f(x) = 2x, g(y) = 3y + 4,

h(z) = sin z  x, y, z  N. Show that f (g h)  (f g) h [U]

28) Give examples of two functions f and g such that gof is one -one but g is not one-one.[ S]
29) Give examples of two functions f and g such that gof is onto but f is not onto.[S]

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Question Bank: Department of Pre University Education
Five Mark Questions

7  3 3x  4
1) Let A  R    , B  R    define f : A  B by f  x   and
5 5  5x  7
7x  4
g : B  A by g  x   . Show that fog = IB and gof = IA. [U]
5x  3
2) Consider f : R  R given by f(x) = 4x +3.Show that f is invertible.Find the inverse of f. [U]
3) Consider f : R  R given by f(x) = 10x + 7. Show tht f is invertible. Find the inverse of f. [U]
4x  3 2 2
4) If f  x   , x  , show that f o f(x) = x for all x  . What is the inverse of f
6x  4 3 3
[U]

5) Consider f : R    4,   given by f(x) = x2 + 4. Show that f is invertible with the inverse

[U]

f–1 of f given by f 1  y   y  4, where R+ is the set of all non-negative real numbers. [U]

6) Consider f : R +   5,   given f(x) = 9x2 + 6x –5. Show that f is invertible with

 y  6 1 
f 1  y     .
 3
 
[U]

7) Let f : N  R. be a function defined as f(x) = 4x2 + 12x + 15. Show that f : N  S. Where S is
the range of f, is invertible. Find the inverse of f
[U]

8)  
Let Y  n 2 : n  N  N. Consider f : N  Y as f(n) = n2. Show that f is invertible.

Find the inverse of f.

[U]

Show that f :  1, 1  R, given by f  x  

x
9) is one-one.
x2

Find the inverse of the function f :  1, 1  Range of f.

[U]

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Question Bank: Department of Pre University Education
  4 4x
10) Let f : R     R be a function defined by define f  x   . Find the inverse of
 3 3x  4

 4
the function f : R     Range of f.
 3
[U]

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Question Bank: Department of Pre University Education