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Introduction To Computer

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Introduction To Computer

Document

Uploaded by

abdulhameedyusuf02
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© © All Rights Reserved
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COURSE CODE: CMP 111

COURSE TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO COMPUTER


NUMBER OF UNITS: 3 Units
COURSE DURATION: Three hours per week
COURSE LECTURER: JOHN TEMITOPE OGBITI

INTENDED LEARNING OUTCOMES

At the completion of this course, students are expected to:

1. Define the concept of Computer


2. History of Computer and generations of computer
3. Understand the characteristics of a computer, classes of computer, types of computer and
functions of personal computers
4. Components of a Personal Computer and categories of an operating system
5. Principles of Networking
6. Program development: algorithms and methods of representing algorithms

COURSE DETAILS:

Week 1-2: Introduction to computer History and generations of computers


Week 3-5: the characteristics of a computer, classes of computer, types of computer and
functions of personal computers
Week 6-8: Components of a Personal Computer and categories of an operating system
Week 9-10 Principles of Networking: computer network, topology, Internet and Benefits of the
Internet
Week 11: Program development: algorithms and methods of representing algorithms concept of
algorithms: flowcharts and pseudo code

Week 12 Revision

RESOURCES

• Lecturer’s Office Hours:


• Mr. John Temitope Ogbiti, Monday 1-2pm,
• Course lecture Notes: http://www.edouniversity.edu.ng/oer/compsc/cmp111.pdf
• Books:
• Introduction to Computer science, A text book for beginners I Informatics by Gilbert Brands.
• Introduction to Computer science, by Thomas J. Cashman.

• Exams:

1
• Final, comprehensive (according to university schedule): ~ 70% of final grade
Assignments & Grading
• Academic Honesty: All classwork should be done independently, unless explicitly stated
otherwise on the assignment handout.
• You may discuss general solution strategies, but must write up the solutions yourself.
• If you discuss any problem with anyone else, you must write their name at the top of your
assignment, labeling them “collaborators”.
• NO LATE HOMEWORKS ACCEPTED
• Turn in what you have at the time it’s due.
• All home works are due at the start of class.
• If you will be away, turn in the homework early

PREAMBLE:

The computer is fast becoming the universal machine of the twenty-first century. Early
computers were large in size and too expensive to be owned by individuals. Thus they were
confined to the laboratories and few research institutes. They could only be programmed by
computer engineers. The basic applications were confined to undertaking complex calculations
in science and engineering. Today, the computer is no longer confined to the laboratory.
Computers, and indeed, computing have become embedded in almost every item we use.
Computing is fast becoming ubiquitous. Its application in engineering, communication, space
science, aviation, financial institutions, social sciences, humanities, the military,
transportation, manufacturing, the extractive industries to mention but a few.
Computers can do such a wide variety of things because they are programmed to do so. This
means that computers are not designed to do just one job, but to do any job that their programs
tell them to do. By definition, a computer system is a device that accepts input known as data
from the user, process the inputs based on a set of instructions called program and produce
the results or output also called information.

Definitions
Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as input from the user and
processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called program) and gives the
result (output) and saves output for the future use. It can process both numerical and non-
numerical (arithmetic and logical) calculations.
A computer has four functions:
a. accepts data Input
b. processes data Processing
c. produces output Output
d. stores results Storage

2
SOFTWARE COMPOINENTS
Software is a set of instructions that operate a computer, manipulate the data and execute
particular functions or tasks. In other words, it is a programs, routines, and symbolic languages
that control the function of the hardware.
For software (the instructions) to perform various functions, it must be programmed. That is, the
instructions need to be written in a programming language that the computer can understand.
Without a program, a computer is useless.
Computer program is a sequence of instructions that can be executed by a computer to carry out
a process.
There are two kinds of software, systems software and applications software.

PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT
We said earlier that software is a program that tells the computer what to do and how to do it.
This implies that without the software computer will practically do nothing and you will not be
able to use it at all. This software cannot be seen like we see the hardware. They are programs.
Programs are coded set of instructions that instruct the computer to perform specific task. In
other word, it tells/instructs the computer what the user intend to do. So to communicate with the
computer we would need software, before we can have software we would need to write a
program. To write a good program we need to develop algorithm and a flowchart. So, what are
they?

COMPUTER NETWORKS

Networks are systems that are formed by links. For example, roads that connect groups of people
together create a physical network. Connections with your friends create your personal network.
Websites that allow individuals to link to each other’s pages are called social networking sites.

People use the following networks every day:

 Mail delivery system


 Telephone system
 Public transportation system
 Corporate computer network
 The Internet

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