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Statistics and analytics

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22 views7 pages

Sa 1

Statistics and analytics

Uploaded by

nobita.doraemon07081961
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Statistics and Analytics

UNIT:1 STATISTICAL DATA COLLECTION AND TYPES


Statistics and Analytics
Government Polytechnic, Dhanbad

UNIT:1 STATISTICAL DATA COLLECTION AND TYPES

Statistics:
Statistics is the study of the collection, analysis, interpretation,
presentation, and
organization of data. In other words, it is a mathematical
discipline to collect,
summarize data.
According to statistician Sir Arthur Lyon Bowley, statistics is
defined as
“Numerical statements of facts in any department of inquiry
placed about each other”.
Data analysis is the process of filtering, transforming, and modelling data to
discover useful information.

Example: before planning a business plan, analysis of budget, resource and


target
sets the perfect example for data analysis.
Scope:
Statistics is used in many sectors such as psychology, geology, sociology,
weather
forecasting, probability and much more. The goal of statistics is to gain
understanding from the data, it focuses on applications, and hence, it is
distinctively
considered as a mathematical science.

Methods:
The methods involve collecting, summarizing, analyzing, and interpreting
variable
numerical data. Here some of the methods are provided below.
❑ Data collection
❑ Data summarization
❑ Statistical analysis

Data
Data is a collection of facts, such as numbers, words, measurements,
observations
etc. Data can be defined as a systematic record of a particular
quantity. It is the
different values of that quantity represented together in a set. It is a
collection of
facts and figures to be used for a specific purpose such as a survey or
analysis.
When arranged in an organized form, can be called information.
Types of Data
 Primary Data: Primary data or raw data is a type of information that is obtained
directly from a first-hand source through experiments, surveys, or observations.
 Secondary Data: Secondary data is the data which has been already collected
and analyzed by someone other than theactual user.
The primary data is further classified into two types.
Qualitative data:It is descriptive data. They represent some characteristics
or attributes. They depict descriptions that may be observed but cannot be
computed or calculated. For example, data on attributes such as intelligence,
honesty, wisdom, cleanliness, and creativity collected using the students of
your class a sample would be classified as qualitative.
Example- She can run fast, He is thin.
Quantitative data-:It is numerical information. These can be measured and
not simply observed. They can be numerically represented and calculations
can be performed on them. For example, data on the number of students
playing different sports from your class gives an estimate of how many of the
total students play which sport. This information is numerical and can be
classified as quantitative.
Example- an Octopus is an Eight-legged creature.
Types of quantitative data:
1. Discrete data: It has a particular fixed value. It can be counted.
These are data that can take only certain specific values rather than a
range of values.
For example, data on the blood group of a certain population or their
genders is termed as discrete data. A usual way to represent this is by
using bar charts.

2. Continuous data: It is not fixed but has a range of data. It can be


measured. These are data that can take values between a certain
range with the highest and lowest values. The difference between the
highest and lowest values is called the range of data.

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