Consider Pavlov's experiments with dogs as described by Gross (2015) and answer the

following.Before conditioning, the taste of food will make the dog salivate. The salivation is referred
to as a/an ______.
a.
unconditioned stimulus
b.
unconditioned response
c.
conditional stimulus
d.
conditioned response
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The correct answer is: unconditioned response

Question 2
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Which phase of training would help an organisation to understand how to create an effective learning
environment?
a.
Analysis of training needs
b.
Development of learning content
c.
Implementation of training
d.
Evaluation of training
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The correct answer is: Analysis of training needs

Question 3
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Consider Pavlov's experiments with dogs as described by Gross (2015) and answer the
following.During conditioning, the bell is paired with the food. The bell does not naturally produce
salivation. The bell is referred to as a/an ______.
a.
unconditioned stimulus
b.
unconditioned response
c.
conditional stimulus
d.
conditioned response
Feedback
The correct answer is: conditional stimulus

Question 4
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Latent learning implies _______.
a.
a relatively permanent change in behaviour
b.
learning can take place in the absence of reinforcement
c.
learning that does not immediately affect behaviour
d.
improved performance
Feedback
This is correct. See Gross (2015), Chapter summary

The correct answer is: learning can take place in the absence of reinforcement

Question 5
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Classical and operant conditioning are both types of ______ learning.
a.
all of these
b.
avoidance
c.
associative
d.
active
Feedback
This is correct. See Gross (2015), Does conditioning work in the same way for all species.
The correct answer is: associative

Question 6
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______ is the desired result when designing and implementing a training program.
a.
Learning
b.
Behaviour
c.
Skills
d.
Knowledge
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The correct answer is: Learning

Question 7
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Complete the sentences: Working in a group enhances the individual's performance through the
process of _______________. When working in a group causes performance anxiety, there is
evidence of ___________.
Select one:
1.
social facilitation; social interference
2.
performance facilitation; group anxiety
3.
social performance; social anxiety
4.
group think; negative judgement
Feedback
Please see study guide on Moodle, Lesson 9: Section 9.8: Social facilitation in groups multichoice
The correct answer is: social facilitation; social interference

Question 8
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Why is it complex to determine with confidence that a cohesive group will be a high performing
group?
Select one:
1.
A cohesive group overcomes social loafing through teamwork.
2.
Cohesion among group members improves group functioning and productivity.
3.
Cohesive groups share the same norms and values.
4.
Performance quality impacts group cohesion more than group cohesion impacts performance.
Feedback
Please see study guide on Moodle, Lesson 9: Section 9.10: Teamwork multichoice
The correct answer is: Performance quality impacts group cohesion more than group cohesion
impacts performance.

Question 9
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What can a group leader do to limit groupthink?
Select one:
1.
Empower group members to develop a sense of unity and cohesion.
2.
Facilitate diverse thinking and giving different tasks to different people in the group.
3.
Allow group members to work from home.
4.
Require full discussion of all alternatives, appointing devil's advocates and using small group
discussions.
Feedback
Please see study guide on Moodle, Lesson 9: Section 9.14: Groupthink
The correct answer is: Require full discussion of all alternatives, appointing devil's advocates and
using small group discussions.

Question 10
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Groupthink is a phenomenon that would most probably occur under which of the following
circumstances?
Select one:
1.
Group members disagree with one another and work in isolation with a biased leader.
2.
Group members are stressed even though they have good leadership and direction.
3.
Group members work in isolation and experience no stress or disagreement.
4.
Group members are unified and work in isolation under an authoritative leader.
Feedback
Please see study guide on Moodle, Lesson 9: Section 9.14: Groupthink multichoice
The correct answer is: Group members are unified and work in isolation under an authoritative
leader.

Question 11
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Our self-esteem is dependent on which of the following?
Select one:
1.
A high self-regard and the self-approval we experience when we belong to a group
2.
A high self-worth and a high self-regard
3.
Belonging to exclusive and superior groups of people
4.
Identifying with a group of people that we value
Feedback
Please see study guide on Moodle, Lesson 9: Section 9.5: Identity and membership multichoice
The correct answer is: A high self-regard and the self-approval we experience when we belong to a
group

Question 12
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 Question text
How does belonging to a group enhance one's sense of self-esteem?
Select one:
1.
By denigrating groups that we do not belong to, we elevate our personal and collective self-esteem.
2.
We identify with the success and prestige of the group we belong to, which downplays our own
failures.
3.
Through social comparison, we take pride in belonging to superior groups in society.
4.
All of these.
Feedback
Please see study guide on Moodle, Lesson 9: Section 9.5: Identity and membership multichoice
The correct answer is: All of these.

Question 13
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Peter Perkin, the Managing Director of Allbuild, a construction company, received various customer
complaints about his contractors being unprofessional. The contractors have also started to complain
that they are unfairly and inequitably compensated. It also seems that there is no confidentiality and
Allbuild easily gives out names and contact details of contractors to marketing companies. What can
Peter do to address these examples of poor ethical behaviour and practices in his company?
a.
Employ an ethical consultant to identify the causes of the unethical behaviour in Allbuild
b.
Send all the contractors on ethical training in the construction industry
c.
End the contracts of all unethical contractors and appoint new contracts
d.
Establish a code of conduct specifying acceptable company practices
Feedback
This is correct. Please see Moerdyk et al., chapter 8, pages 184
The correct answer is: Establish a code of conduct specifying acceptable company practices

Question 14
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Sue works as a corporate secretary in a publishing company headed up by CEO, Mark Ndube. Sue’s
best friend is also in an administration role. Her name is Margret, and she reports to Lungile, the new
Executive Marketing Manager. Sue and Margret run a church choir and soup kitchen in their
community. Whom of these people are responsible to take up a leadership role?
a.
Mark and Lungile.
b.
Mark, Sue, Lungile and Margaret.
c.
Sue and Margaret.
d.
Mark and Sue.
Feedback
This is incorrect. Please see Moerdyk et al., chapter 8, pages 179
The correct answer is: Mark, Sue, Lungile and Margaret.

Question 15
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True or false: Ubuntu is a leadership style.
a.
True
b.
False
Feedback
The answer is False. Please see Moerdyk et al., chapter 8, page 193
The correct answer is: False

Question 16
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The following authors agree on a definition for leadership:
a.
John Maxwell and Peter Drucker
b.
Bill Gates and Peter Drucker
c.
Bill Gates and John Maxwell
d.
None of these
Feedback
This is correct. Please see Moerdyk et al., chapter 8, pages 189
The correct answer is: None of these

Question 17
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Pete Langa, an electrical enginieer is globally renowned for his electrical knowledge, design skills
and insight into the generation and transfer of electrical currents. The employees of Power Company
voted that Pete be appointed as new Generation Manager, because they have come to trust him over
the years not only for his skills and expertise, but for the way he interacts with them. Pete’s ability to
influence Power employees stem from which power base:
a.
Personal referent power
b.
Coercive and reward power
c.
Formal legitimate power
d.
Expert and referent power
Feedback
This is correct. Please see Moerdyk et al., chapter 8, pages 189
The correct answer is: Expert and referent power

Question 18
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Lettie Khumalo, heads up an NGO and is well liked by her employees. The NGO receives numerous
donations from restaurants for the soup kitchens they run at various schools in the area. Lettie is
known to take home some of the meat received and employees happily follow her lead. Lettie
Khumalo is an example of which type of leader:
a.
Transactional leader
b.
Participative leader
c.
Democratic leader
d.
Unethical leader
 Feedback
This is correct. Please see Moerdyk et al., chapter 8, pages 182
The correct answer is: Unethical leader

Question 19
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Mangobi Mbanda, the CEO of Power Company, was appointed by the executive committee about 10
years ago. Power’s employees trusted Mangobi Mbanda’s leadership competence from the start
without any question. He has over the years built good and trusting relationships with his employees.
Mangobi’s ability to influence Power employees stem from which power base:
a.
Personal referent power
b.
Coercive and reward power
c.
Formal legitimate power
d.
Legitimate and referent power
Feedback
This is correct. Please see Moerdyk et al., chapter 8, pages 180-181
The correct answer is: Legitimate and referent power

Question 20
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A sustainable career is a career that achieves a meaningful balance between _____related aspects of
life and______.
a.
work; leisure
b.
family; life values
c.
life; work
d.
work; family
Feedback
This is incorrect. See Coetzee and Schreuder (2020) Section 2.3.
The correct answer is: work; family

Question 21
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The following describes the social space element of the ‘new” type of career in the 2020s world of
work.
a.
The career is boundaryless with global mobility
b.
The individual as proactive agent owns the career
c.
The career is short-term and unpredictable
d.
The career is idiosyncratic and shaped by values and interests
Feedback
This is correct. See Coetzee and Schreuder (2020) section 2.3.2.

The correct answer is: The career is boundaryless with global mobility

Question 22
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Peoples’ careers situated in the broader societal context have become boundaryless and more
complex because of ______.
a.
change in the nature of jobs
b.
globalisation
c.
all of these
d.
technology
Feedback
This is correct. See Coetzee and Schreuder (2020) Section 2.3.2. Peoples’ careers situated in the
broader societal context have become boundaryless and more complex because of increasing
globalisation, technological evolution, and changes in the nature of jobs.

The correct answer is: all of these

Question 23
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Which form of employability capital involves one’s “knowing whom” assets?
a.
Cultural capital
b.
Career capital
c.
Social capital
d.
Human capital
Feedback
This is correct. See Coetzee and Schreuder (2020) section 2.4.

The correct answer is: Social capital

Question 24
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Agency in career management requires the development of, ______ to help sustain a career?
a.
employee responsibility

b.
organisational career management
c.
specific competencies
d.
career self-management
Feedback
This is correct. See Coetzee and Schreuder (2020) Section 2.3.3. Agency in career management
requires the development of career self-management to help sustain a career.

The correct answer is: career self-management

Question 25
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Which one of the following is required to enhance an employee’s value to an employer?
a.
Career capital
b.
Cultural capital
c.
Social capital
d.
Human capital
Feedback
This is correct. See Coetzee and Schreuder (2020) section 2.4. Human capital is required to enhance
an employee’s value to an employer.

The correct answer is: Human capital