Tutorial Sheet – 4 (Magnetic Circuits)

1. The magnetic circuit shown in Fig. 1 has dimensions Ac = Ag= 9 cm2, g = 0.050 cm,
lc = 30 cm, and N = 500 turns. Assume the value of the relative permeability,µr = 70,000 for core
material. (a) Find the reluctances Rc and Rg. For the condition that the magnetic circuit is operating
with Bc = 1.0 T, find (b) the flux and (c) the current i.
[Ans. (a) Rc =3785 AT/Wb, Rg = 442321.3 AT/Wb (b) 9×10-4 Wb (c) 0.8 A]

Fig. 1

2. A 680 turns coil is wound on the central limb of the cast steel frame as shown in Fig. 2. A total flux of
1.6 mWb is required in the gap, find what current is required. Assume that the gap density is uniform
and that all lines pass straight across the gap. Dimensions are in cms.
[Ans. 1.95 A]

Fig. 2

3. The mean diameter of a steel ring is 50 cm and a flux density of 1.0 Wb/m2 is produced by a field
intensity of 40 AT/cm. If the area of cross section of the ring is 20 cm2 and if a 500 turn coil is
wound around the ring; (a). Find the inductance of the coil in Henry; (b). When an air gap of 1.0 cm
is cut in the ring and the exciting current is changed to maintain a flux density of 1.0 Wb/m2 then
find the new inductance of the coil. Ignore the effects of leakage and fringing.
[Ans. (a) 79.6 mH (b) 35.2 mH]
4. The magnetic circuit of Fig. 3 has a cast steel core with dimensions as shown. It is required to
establish a flux of 0.8mWb in the air gap of the central limb. Determine the mmf of the exciting
coil, if for the core material µr = ∞. Neglect fringing. [Ans: 1343.98 AT].

Fig. 3
5. In the magnetic circuit shown in Fig. 4, the area of cross section of the central limb is 12cm2 and
that of each outer limb (A to B) is 6 cm2. A coil current of 0.5 A produces 0.5 mWb in the air-gap.
Find the relative permeability of the core material. [Ans: 7627.51]

Fig. 4

6. For the magnetic circuit shown in Fig. 5, find the self and mutual inductances between the two
coils. The relative permeability of the core is 1600. [Ans: L1=0.73 H; L2=3.55 H; M=0.64 H].

Fig. 5
7. An iron ring (Fig. 6) of mean length 30 cm has an air gap of 2 mm and a winding of 200 turns. The
iron has a permeability of 1.25×10-4 and the coil carries 1 A current. What is the flux density in the
core? [Ans: 50.1 mWb/m2].

Fig. 6
8. The magnetic circuit of Fig. 7 consists of an N-turn winding on a magnetic core of infinite
permeability with two parallel air gaps of lengths g1 and g2 and areas A1and A2, respectively. Find
(a) the inductance of the winding and (b) the flux density Bl in gap 1 when the winding is carrying a
current i. Neglect fringing effects at the air gap.
𝐴 𝐴 𝜇𝑜 𝑁𝑖
[Ans. (a) 𝜇𝑜 𝑁 2 (𝑔1 + 𝑔2 ) b) ]
1 2 𝑔1

Fig. 7

9. A magnetic circuit with a single air gap is shown in Fig. 8. The core dimensions are: Cross-
sectional area Ac = 1.8 × 10-3 m2, Mean core length lc = 0.6 m Gap length g = 2.3×10-3 m, N = 83
turns. Assume that the core is of infinite permeability and neglect the effects of fringing fields at
the air gap and leakage flux. (a) Calculate the reluctance of the core Rc and that of the gap Rg. For a
current of i = 1.5 A, calculate (b) the total flux, (c) the flux linkages of the coil, and (d) the coil
inductance L.
[Ans. (a) 0, 101.73×104 (b) 1.2 X 10-4 Wb (c) 0.01016 WbT (d) 6.78 mH]

Fig. 8

10. Two identical inductors 1 H each, are connected in series as shown Fig. 9. Deduce the combined
inductance. If a third inductance is similarly connected in series with this combined inductor, with
the dots all at the left ends what are the resulting inductances? What do you infer is the relation
between number of turns and the inductance of a coil? Assume coefficient of coupling as 1.0.
[Ans. 4H; 9H;]

Fig. 9
11. (a) Two coils X of 12000 turns and Y of 15000 turns lie in parallel planes so that 45 % of the
flux produced by coil X links coil Y. A current of 5 A in X produces in it a flux of 0.05 mWb,
while the same current in Y produces in it a flux of 0.075 mWb. Calculate (a) The mutual
inductance and (b) The coupling coefficient [67.5mH, 04108]

(b) Two similar air-cored coils of 600 turns mutually link each other so that coil ‘Y’ links
70% of the total flux developed in coil ‘X’ and vice-versa. A current of 1.0 A in coil ‘X’
produces a total flux of 0.075 mWb in itself. When the current in coil ‘X’ changes at a
uniform rate of 200 A/s, determine the voltage induced in coil ‘Y’. Also compute the self
inductance of each coil and the mutual inductance between them.
[6.3V, L=45mH, M=31.5mH]

12. The following parameters refer to two mutually coupled coils ‘a’ and ‘b’:

Ra = 20 Ω, La = 120 mH, Na = 1500; Rb = 4 Ω, Lb = 31 mH, Nb = 750;

Co-efficient of coupling, k = 0.95
An alternating voltage of 20V r.m.s. at angular frequency of 1000 rad/s is applied across coil
‘a’. Compute, under steady state condition, (i) voltage across the terminals of coil ‘b’ when it
is open circuited, and (ii) current in coil ‘a’ when the terminals of coil ‘b’ are short circuited.
[ (i) (9.4+ j1.56) V, (ii) (0.511 – j0.2) A]

13. Find the impedance seen by the source in the circuit in Fig. 10. [ZS = 2.25∠20.9° Ω]

Fig. 10

14. Find the currents I1 and I2 and the output voltage Vo in the network shown in Fig. 11.

Fig. 11

[I1 = 4.29∠137.2° A, I2= 0.96∠-16.26° A, Vo = 3.84∠-106.26° V]