Name:______________________________________

Grade level:_________________________

ENGLISH QUARTER 1 (Week 2 Module 1)

Factors and Characteristics of Public Speaking

Have you ever experienced giving a message in programs and other celebrations? Have you stood
in front of the class to present your oral report? Was it a good experience? Why?
Probably some would say that it was fine, but for others, it was a not so pleasant experience because
they felt uncomfortable, not confident, and nervous during the course.
This lesson talks about what public speaking is and the characteristics of an excellent public speaker.

What is Public Speaking?

Public speaking is the process of communicating information to an audience. It is usually done

before a large audience, like in school, the workplace, and even our personal lives. The benefits of
knowing how to communicate to an audience include sharpening critical thinking and verbal/non-
verbal communication skills.

There are five elements of public speaking.

1. the source of the message (Who)

2. the message itself (What)
3. the audience (For Whom)
4. the actual delivery method (Medium)
5. the speaker's intent for the speech (Effect)

Three Important Factors of Public Speaking (Aristotle BC 384-322)

1. Ethos (The Ethical Appeal)- credibility and character of the speaker

Ethos consists of convincing your audience that you have good character and are credible; therefore,
your words can be trusted. Ethos must be established from the start of your talk, or the audience will not
accept what you say.

2. Pathos- (The Emotional Appeal)- ability to create a connection between the speaker and
the audience
Pathos is to persuade by appealing to the audience's emotions. As the speaker, you want the
audience to feel the same emotions you feel about something; you want to emotionally connect with hem and
influence them. If you have low pathos, the audience is likely to try to find flaws in your
arguments.

3. Logos –(The Logical Appeal) logical arrangement of words or sentences

Logos is to appeal to logic by relying on the audience's intelligence and offering evidence in
support of your argument. Logos also develops ethos because the information makes you look
knowledgeable. Ask the following questions to decide if you have achieved logos:

Are my messages coherent?

Does the evidence support my claims?
Will the audience's actions lead to my desired outcome?

Public speaking can be terrifying if you don’t have the qualities or the eloquence (persuasiveness) to
inspire.

Here are the essential qualities of all public speakers:

1. Confidence

Confidence is the mother of all the other attributes that make a successful presentation. According
to a study published by the University of Wolverhampton, "a highly confident speaker is viewed as
more accurate, competent, credible, intelligent, knowledgeable, likable, and believable than the less
confident, uncertain speaker."

If you find yourself feeling a little nervous before a presentation, find a way to let it go as the
audience will never see it if you let it loose. You must defeat your anxiety, have confidence in your
subject, and be yourself while you are on stage.

2. Passion
Passion is a strong feeling of enthusiasm for something. To effectively communicate with
people through speech, you need to have a passion for your subject. Without passion, your speech is
meaningless. Passion elicits emotions that flow naturally. Emotions move the audience and efficiently
express the message.

3. Introspection and Self Awareness

Understand who you are and what your strongest qualities are. Capitalize on your strengths and
improve your weaknesses.

4. Be Yourself

You don't have to be someone else on stage; all you have to do is be yourself. Sometimes,
no matter how much you believe in your message or how well you've rehearsed, if you don't act
like yourself in front of the group, your audience may view your speech as not sincere, but
calculated. Authenticity is important.

There are many ways to help create more 'authentic' speeches.

a. Practice, not memorization

To 'be yourself' in a presentation, you shouldn't memorize your speech in absolutes.

Practice your speech as often as possible, but be willing to change the wording. This makes it
easier to change it up during the actual presentation if things aren't going exactly as planned.
Memorization can set up a barrier between you and your audience.

b. Speak in a natural voice

Any connection you've made with your audience could be broken by tones that seem
'fake' or 'too perfect.' In general, you should try to speak in a conversational tone. If you say a
few "ahhs= and <umms," that's ok, don't sweat it.

c. Voice Modulation
Avoid talking in a tone that seems too well-rehearsed, but you still want to take your
delivery speed and inflection into account when you practice your speech. To practice
proper rhythm, record yourself giving your speech and listen to it later. You’ll be able to tell
exactly when and where you start to sound inauthentic. You can still use effective voice
modulations while employing your natural voice.

d. Keep it Short and Sweet

If you’re only given 30 minutes to give a speech, don’t force yourself to fill the entire
time allotted. The main purpose of delivering a speech is to attempt to get your point across, and
that might not require a whole hour. Research conducted by Dianne Dukette and David Cornish
(2009) shows that, on average, adults can only sustain attention for around 20 minutes and that
their short-term response to the stimulus that attracts attention is only seconds. This means that
when you stand up in front of a crowd to present, you only have eight seconds to attract the
audience's attention.

5. Connect with your Audience

A speech is just like a conversation, which means you need to communicate your
message to someone else. In this sense, there is no difference between talking to one person or
to a thousand.
The best ways to connect with your audience are:
• Tell stories.
• Be aware of your target audience.
• Know the energy in the room.
• Be willing to poke fun at yourself.
• Work on your non-verbal body language
Activity-1: Write true if the concept of public speaking is TRUE and FALSE if NOT.

_______1. Public speaking develops self-confidence.

_______2. It can help you promote ideas and move people to action on issues that affect
them directly.
_______3. Public speaking is not an effective oral communication technique.
_______4. A public speaking presentation is the same as an online presentation.
_______5. Public speaking is a skill. It can be learned.

Activity 2: Draw a line to match the public speaking element in Column A with its meaning in
Column B.
1. Who a. actual delivery method
2. What b. the audience
3. Whom c. speaker/source of the message.
4. Medium d. the speaker’s purpose of the speech
5. Effect e. content/ the message itsel

Activity 3: Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. It involves communicating purposeful information before a large audience to inform, influence,

or entertain a group of listeners.
a. Casual communication c. Lecturing
b. Verbal communication d. Public Speaking

2. The person who is presenting an oral message to the listeners is called.

a. Speaker c. Audience
b. Announcer d. Prompter

3. Which of the following is a misconception about public speaking?

a. Public speaking is just delivery (speech content doesn’t matter).
b. You can’t learn to be a good public speaker; you have to be born a naturally good speaker.
c. The best public speakers not only speak smoothly, but they also say important and
interesting things.
d. Both a and b

4. To prepare for public speaking, you should

a. Share your speech on social media.
b. Buy expensive gadgets.
c. Be organized, practice as often as possible.
d. Memorize your speech word by word.

5. Which of the following is the what of the speech?

a. Method of delivery c. Speaker/ source
b. Content d. Speaker's intent for the speech.

B. Analyze and answer the following question. (2-3 sentences)

“Why do we need to know the factors in public speaking?”
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________

Name:______________________________________
Grade level:_________________
 ENGLISH QUARTER 1 (Week 2 Module 2)

Understanding Implicit and Explicit Signals

When communicating to someone, everything you say and do means something. Oftentimes, misunderstanding occurs
when the message perceived is different from the intended message. In this module you are expected to:

1. define implicit(non-verbal) and explicit(verbal) communication;

2. identify the different forms of non-verbal communication; and3. determine the implicit and explicit signals as well as
verbal and non-verbal cues used by the speaker to highlight points. (EN10V-lc-1b.4)

WHAT I KNOW

Here is a pre-assessment you have to take before the lesson in this module.

Directions: Fill in the blank with the correct word, either explicit or implicit , in the correct form.

1. ______________ information is often easier to argue about and debate, since the exact meaning is open to
interpretation.

2. _______________ information, on the other hand, explains the meaning clearly so people can understand it easily.

3. Some teachers are vague about their classroom rule and expect students to have an ______________ understanding
of academic behavior.

4. Children learn language in an ____________ manner, because they are too young to learn grammar rules.

5. I can’t believe you cheated on your essay when I gave _____________ instructions not to plagiarize!

Let’s explore!
Communication is what we do to give and get understanding; it is the process of sending and receiving messages.
Successful communication occurs when there is understanding.Every day you communicate with your family, friends,
colleagues and even strangers. You have a wide range of linguistic choices to communicate your thoughts, ranging from
the explicit to the implicit. Communication can be verbal,using oral language to convey a message, or nonverbal,
including facial expressions,and body language. Sometimes a message’s original meaning gets lost in the translation
between thought and the act of communicating it. Learning how to communicate effectively helps you maintain healthy
relationships, resolve conflicts peacefully, excel in school, and eventually get and keep jobs

Explicit communication or verbal communication

refers to specific information conveyed in written or spoken words. The things we say or write are shared by means of
words. Since it is explicit, the words are clearly and directly stated.On the other hand, Implicit communication or non-
verbal communication is a communication without words, only visual cues. You "give off" messages through gestures,
body language, facial expressions, tone and vocal qualities, and eye contact. Thus the message is not directly stated but it
is implied or hinted.The way you deliver your message is just as vital as the words you speak or write. There are many
different types of implicit or non-verbal communication.
a.Facial expressions – The principal source of feedback. Facial expressions are universal such as expressions for
happiness, sadness, anger, and fear are the same across culture.

b.Eye contact – The most expressive element in face-to-face communication. The way you look at someone can
communicate many things including interest,affection, hostility or attraction.

c.Body movements & posture – The way you stand, your posture and bearing also send messages.

d.Gestures – The movement that you make with a part of your body, especially your hands such as waving or pointing
and etc.

e.Haptics – also known as “touching”. Examples such as handshake, tap on a shoulder, a hug, pat on the head or grip on
your arm convey different messages.f.

Proxemics – refers to the amount of space that individuals naturally maintain between each other which communicates
meanings.g.

Voice – The way in which a message is spoken is as important as what is said.The timing and pace, how loud you speak,
tone and inflection can indicate anger, sarcasm, affection or confidence

In public speaking, a speaker must be able to effectively use both verbal and nonverbal cues in delivering the speech in
order to engage the interest and sustain the attention of the audience.

Verbal cues refer to the spoken text itself and to the spoken words,including the use of powerful or leading statements,
questions, interjections,repetition, contrast, narration, anecdote, examples, humor, idioms,quotations, or figurative
language.

Nonverbal signals include eye contact, facial expressions, hand gestures, posture, movement, and other forms of body
language.Moreover, Explicit is clear and direct. Basically anything someone tells you in clear language is explicit.

Implicit is implied , rather than directly stated. A facial expression can be an implicit signal. But, any hint you give
indirectly is an implicit signal.Here is an example: Let's say you have two sauces on a table, a green one and a red one,
and I'm trying to tell you that the red one is spicy. "Do not eat the red sauce! It's way too spicy." - Very explicit"I think the
green sauce is better, I don't like spicy things that much" -Implicit.I'm saying I don't like the red that much, and I don't like
spicy things.Since the two pieces of information are given at the same time, you can probably guess the red one is spicy.
"Wow, a little bit of the red sauce is more than enough." (while I drink water) - Implicit. So we know the red sauce must
be strong. Since water calms spiciness, and I'm drinking water, it's likely that the red sauce is spicy.

Activity 1 Listen to the speech of Brutus.

Observe and list down the verbal cues and non-verbal signals used by the speaker. Access it through this link: Brutus:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gq0PBt1J6Pg

In case, you have no access to the internet, the copy of the speech is provided below.

Romans countrymen and friends, listen to what I have to say and be silent so that you can hear. Trust me for my honour
and show respect so that you will follow what I say. Judge me according to your wisdom and use your understanding so
that you will be able to judge better. If there is anyone in this assembly, any dear friend of Caesar’s, to him I say that
Brutus’ love for Caesar was no less than his. If then that dear friend demands to know why Brutus rose against Caesar,
this is my answer –not that I loved Caesar less but that I loved Rome more. Would you rather Caesar were living, and all
die slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to all live as free men? As Caesar loved me, I weep for him; as he was fortunate, I
rejoice at it; as he was brave, I honour him; but as he was ambitious, I killed him. There are tears for his love; joy for his
fortune; honour for his valour; and death for his ambition. Is there anyone here so lacking in pride that we wants to be a
slave? If there is, speak,because it’s he I have offended. Who is here so low that he doesn’t want to be a Roman? If any,
speak, for it’s him I have offended. Who is here so vile that he does not love his country? If any, speak, for him I have
offended. I have done no more to Caesar than you would do to Brutus. The things that Caesar died for are recorded in
the Capitol. His glory, for which he was renowned, is not understated; not his offenses exaggerated, for which he suffered
death Here comes his body, mourned by Mark Antony, who, although he had no hand in Caesar’s death, will receive the
benefit of his dying – a place in the commonwealth, as which of you won’t? With this I leave you: that as I slew my best
friend for the good of Rome, I have the same dagger for myself when it shall please my country to need my death.List
down the verbal cues and non-verbal signals used by the speaker. Write your answer on your activity notebook.

Verbal Cues Non-verbal Cues

Activity 2: Write it and Do it

Write a 3- paragraph essay on what do you do to reduce, recycle and reuse your waste. Use implicit and explicit signals to
emphasize important points on your essay. Write your answer on your activity notebook.

Name: _________________________________
Grade level:___________________
 ENGLISH QUARTER 1 (Week 2 Module 3)

Formal and Informal Definitions of Words; Elements Specific to a Genre; and Sensory Images

This module is about learning the formal and informal definition of words. By the end of this module, students
will identify the purpose of the lesson.
A. Preliminary of Lesson Motivation - Classify It
Classify the given words whether it is formal or informal. Write your answers on the table.
bike bye dad fridge kids mother offspring place residence
television

FORMAL WORDS INFORMAL WORDS

Lesson Proper
A definition explains the meaning of a certain word or phrase. It is a logical technique that reveals the meaning
of a term or word. All definitions aim to explain, clarify, or specify a term.
There are two kinds of definitions: formal and informal.Analysis A formal definition is based on a short, logical
pattern that includes as much information as it can within a minimum space. It consists of three parts, namely:
•The term (word or phrase) to be defined
•The class of object or concept to which the term belongs.
•The differentiating characteristics that distinguish it from all others of its class

The dictionary is filled with formal definitions, but it is not the only place where you will find them. Writers
often include formal definitions when they are writing about something that may be unfamiliar to their
readers.
In textbooks, you may find the formal definition of terms listed at the beginning, at the end of a chapter, or in
the glossary, which is a mini-dictionary of terms relevant to that text.
There are times that words are defined according to how they were perceived by an individual.
In an informal definition, the writer uses known words or examples to explain an unknown term.
These definitions maybe Synonyms or Antonyms introduced by or, in other words, or like.
For example, the word, "freedom"Formal Definition:
Freedom is the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint.
Informal Definition:Freedom, also referred to as liberty or independence, is a state people reach when they are
free to think and do whatever they please.

Activity1. Combine and Define

Directions: Make a formal definition of the given words, using Table a, find and rewrite thecorrect definition of
each item. Write your answers in table B.
Table A

Newspaper is an electronic system hat can store, retrieve,

and process large
amounts of information

Depression Is an electronic system of sending images and

sounds by a wire or
through space

Precipitation is a paper hat is printed and

distributed usually daily
or weekly and that
contains news, articles of
opinion, features, and
advertising

Computer a serious medical in which a person feels

condition very sad, hopeless, and
unimportant.

the process of separating a solid

substance from a liquid
Television

Activity 2.
Directions: Read the following sentences. Write F for the formal definitions and I for the informal definitions.
___________1play- a recreational activity;especially the spontaneous activity of children.
___________2. dog- man's bestfriend
____________3. concert- a public performance of songs
____________4.camp- summer activity especially for children.
__________5. work- the labor, task, or duty that is one's accustomed means of livelihood.
__________6.gourmet- a connoisseur of food and drink.
___________7. celebrity- Angel Locsin.
___________8. book- a set of written, printed, or blank sheets bound together into a volume.
___________9. poem- a composition in verse
____________10. comedian- Vice Ganda

Name: ________________________________________________
Grade level:________________
 ENGLISH QUARTER 1 (Week 2 Module 4)

Features of Persuasive Text

In this module, you will learn more about persuasive text and its features. You will also learn about persuasive
techniques and devices, factual claim, opinion, and commonplace assertion. This module will help you
formulate specific reasons for your opinions and will provide you an opportunity to research facts related to
your opinions. As you develop an understanding of how writing can influence or change another thoughts or
actions, you can begin to understand the persuasive nature of the marketing you are exposed to through
televisions, the internet and the other media

Warm up activity:I Believe

Directions: Think of something that you believe in and explain why. It could be your belief about life, love,
education, or religion. State reasons to support your belief in three to five sentences.
I believe that…
__________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________

Lesson Proper
What is a persuasive text?
A persuasive text is a text that comes in a form of an argument, exposition,discussion, review, or an
advertisement, the main purpose of which is to present apoint of view and to persuade the readers.
Persuasive texts can be used to…

Purpose Persuasive statement

1. Make a change 1. “Everyone should follow the law.

2. Prove something wrong 2. “Our mayor is the best leader.”
3. Support a cause 3. “Please donate for the orphanage.
4. Urge people to act 4. “Stop disobeying quarantine rules!”
5. Get people agree with you 5. “I am sure you’ll agree with me that the teachers
are frontliners, too.”
6. Create interest
6. “Gardening is a great hobby.”
7. Stir up sympathy
7. “If we don’t extend our financial help, many people
might starve.”

Features of Persuasive Text

1. It begins with a clear thesis statement.
2. It includes supporting ideas and arguments. Statistics, facts, examples, or quotations are needed to support
the main argument.
3. It uses a clear organization or structure that builds logically from one point to the next, leading to a definite
conclusion.
4. It is usually composed of three parts: introduction, body, and conclusion.
5. It usually uses transition words or phrases that show how ideas are connected.
6. The conclusion of the persuasive text should repeat the main purpose of the text.

Activity 1. Persuasion Time

Directions: What do you think about this idea? Write a persuasive text on the space provided below. Refer to
the rubrics for the scoring.
Topic: Junk food – Should it be banned at school?

___________________________________________________________________
Title