M.tech - Embedded Systems
M.tech - Embedded Systems
SEMESTER – I
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SEMESTER – II
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SEMSTER - III
SEMESTER - IV
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Course Objectives:
To learn about ARM Microcontroller architectural features
To understand the ARM ‘C’ Programming for various applications
To study the DSP processor fundamentals and its development tools
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Learn about ARM Microcontroller architectural features
Understand the ARM ‘C’ Programming for various applications
Study the DSP processor fundamentals and its development tools
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
ARM Cortex-Mx Processor: Applications, Programming model – Registers, Operation - modes,
Exceptions and Interrupts, Reset Sequence, Instruction Set (ARM and Thumb), Unified
AssemblerLanguage, Memory Maps, Memory Access Attributes, Permissions, Bit-Band Operations,
Unaligned and Exclusive Transfers. Pipeline, Bus Interfaces.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Exceptions, Types, Priority, Vector Tables, Interrupt Inputs and Pending behaviour, Fault
Exceptions, Supervisor and Pendable Service Call, Nested Vectored Interrupt Controller, Basic
Configuration, SYSTICK Timer, Interrupt Sequences, Exits, Tail Chaining, Interrupt Latency.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
LPC 17xx microcontroller- Internal memory, GPIOs, Timers, ADC, UART and other serial
interfaces, PWM, RTC, WDT.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Programmable DSP (P-DSP) Processors: Harvard architecture, Multi port memory, architectural
structure of P-DSP- MAC unit, Barrel shifters, Introduction to TI DSP processor family
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
VLIW architecture and TMS320C6000 series, architecture study, data paths, cross paths,
Introduction to Instruction level architecture of C6000 family, Assembly Instructions memory
addressing, for arithmetic, logical operations.
Textbooks:
1. Joseph Yiu, “The definitive guide to ARM Cortex-M3”, Elsevier, 2nd Edition
2. Venkatramani B. and Bhaskar M. “Digital Signal Processors: Architecture, Programming and
Applications” , TMH, 2ndEdition.
Reference Books:
1. Sloss Andrew N, Symes Dominic, Wright Chris, “ARM System Developer's Guide: Designing and
Optimizing”, Morgan Kaufman Publication.
2. Steve furber, “ARM System-on-Chip Architecture”, Pearson Education
3. Frank Vahid and Tony Givargis, “Embedded System Design”, Wiley
4. Technical references and user manuals on www.arm.com, NXP Semiconductor
www.nxp.com and Texas Instruments www.ti.com
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Course Objectives:
To understand an overview of system design approach using programmable logic devices.
To get exposed to the various architectural features of CPLDS and FPGAS.
To learn the methods and techniques of CPLD & FPGA design with EDA tools.
To learn software tools used for design process with the help of case studies.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Understand an overview of system design approach using programmable logic devices.
Get exposed to the various architectural features of CPLDS and FPGAS.
Learn the methods and techniques of CPLD & FPGA design with EDA tools.
Learn software tools used for design process with the help of case studies.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Programmable Logic Devices: The concept of programmable Logic Devices, SPLDs, PAL devices,
PLA devices, GAL devices, CPLD-Architecture, Xilinx CPLDs- Altera CPLDs, FPGAs-FPGA
technology, architecture, CLB and slice Stratix LAB and ALM-RAM Blocks, Different types Xilinx
FPGAs, DSP Blocks, Clock Management, I/O standards, Additional features.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Analysis and Derivation of Clocked Sequential Circuits with State Graphs and Tables: A
sequential parity checker, Analysis by signal tracing and timing charts-state tables and graphs-
general models for sequential circuits, Design of a sequence detector, More Complex design
problems, Guidelines for construction of state graphs, serial data conversion, Alphanumeric state
graph notation
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Sequential circuit Design: Design procedure for sequential circuits-design example, Code
converter, Design of Iterative circuits, Design of a comparator, Design of sequential circuits using
ROMs and PLAs, Sequential circuit design using CPLDs, Sequential circuit design using FPGAs,
Simulation and testing of Sequential circuits, Overview of computer Aided Design
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Fault Modeling and Test Pattern Generation: Logic Fault Model, Fault detection & redundancy,
Fault equivalence and fault location, Fault dominance, Single stuck at fault model, multiple Stuck at
Fault models, Bridging Fault model.Fault diagnosis of combinational circuits by conventional
methods, path sensitization techniques, Boolean difference method, KOHAVI algorithm, Test
algorithms-D algorithm, Random testing, transition count testing, signature analysis and test bridging
faults.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Fault Diagnosis in Sequential Circuits: Circuit Test Approach, Transition check Approach, State
identification and fault detection experiment, Machine identification, Design of fault detection
experiment.
Textbooks:
1.Digital Electronics and design with VHDL- Volnei A. Pedroni, Elsevier publications.
2. Fundamentals of Logic Design-Charles H.Roth,Jr. -5th Ed.,Cengage Learning.
3. Logic Design Theory-N.N.Biswas,PHI.
Reference Books:
1. Digital Circuits and Logic Design-Samuel C.LEE,PHI, 2008.
2. Digital System Design using programmable logic devices- Parag K.Lala, BS publications.
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Course Objectives:
To explore the architecture and instruction set of ARM processor.
To provide a comprehensive understanding of various programs of ARM Processors.
To learn the programming on ARM Cortex M.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Explore the selection criteria of ARM processors by understanding the functional level trade
off issues.
Explore the ARM development towards the functional capabilities.
Expected to work with ASM level program using the instruction set.
Understand the architecture of ARM Cortex M and programming on it.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
ARM Embedded Systems
RISC design philosophy, ARM design philosophy, Embedded system hardware, Embedded system
software.
ARM Processor Fundamentals
Registers, Current Program Status Register, Pipeline, Exceptions Interrupts and Vector Table, Core
Extensions, Architecture Revisions, ARM Processor Families.
Architecture of ARM Processors
Introduction to the architecture, Programmer’s model- operation modes and states, registers, special
registers, floating point registers, Behaviour of the application program status register(APSR)-Integer
status flags, Q status flag, GE bits, Memory system-Memory system features, memory map, stack
memory, memory protection unit (MPU), Exceptions and Interrupts-what are exceptions?, nested
vectored interrupt controller(NVIC), vector table, Fault handling, System control block (SCB),
Debug, Reset and reset sequence.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Introduction to the Arm Instruction Set
Data processing instructions, branch instructions, load-store instructions, software interrupt
instructions, program status register instructions, loading constants, ARMv5E extensions,
Conditional execution.
Introduction to the Thumb Instruction Set
Thumb Register Usage, ARM-Thumb Interworking, Other Branch Instructions, Data Processing
Instructions, Single-Register Load-Store Instructions, Multiple-Register Load-Store Instructions,
Stack Instructions, Software Interrupt Instruction.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Technical Details of ARM Cortex M Processors
General information about Cortex-M3 and cortex M4 processors-Processor type, processor
architecture, instruction set, block diagram, memory system, interrupt and exception support,
Features of the cortex-M3 and Cortex-M4 Processors-Performance, code density, low power,
memory system, memory protection unit, interrupt handling, OS support and system level features,
Cortex-M4 specific features, Ease of use, Debug support, Scalability, Compatibility.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Instruction SET of ARM Cortex M
Background to the instruction set in ARM Cortex-M Processors, Comparison of the instruction set in
ARM Cortex-M Processors, understanding the assembly language syntax, Use of a suffix in
instructions, Unified assembly Language (UAL), Instruction set, Cortex-M4-specific instructions,
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Course Objectives:
To understand the fundamental properties of digital Integrated circuits using basic MOSFET
equations and to develop skills for various logic circuits using CMOS related design styles.
The course also involves analysis of performance metrics.
To teach fundamentals of CMOS Digital integrated circuit design such as importance of
Pseudo logic, Combinational MOS logic circuits and Sequential MOS logic circuits.
To teach the fundamentals of Dynamic logic circuits and basic semiconductor memories
which are the basics for the design of high performance digital integrated circuits.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Demonstrate advanced knowledge in Static and dynamic characteristics of CMOS,
Estimate Delay and Power of Adders circuits.
Classify different semiconductor memories.
Analyze, design and implement combinational and sequential MOS logic circuits.
Analyze complex engineering problems critically in the domain of digital IC design for
conducting research.
Solve engineering problems for feasible and optimal solutions in the core area of digital ICs
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
MOS Design Pseudo NMOS Logic: Inverter, Inverter threshold voltage, Output high voltage,
Output Low voltage, Gain at gate threshold voltage, Transient response, Rise time, Fall time, Pseudo
NMOS logic gates, Transistor equivalency, CMOS Inverter logic.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Combinational MOS Logic Circuits: MOS logic circuits with NMOS loads, Primitive CMOS logic
gates–NOR & NAND gate, Complex Logic circuits design–Realizing Boolean expressions using
NMOS gates and CMOS gates, AOI and OIA gates, CMOS full adder, CMOS transmission gates,
Designing with Transmission gates.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Sequential MOS Logic Circuits: Behavior of bistable elements, SR Latch, Clocked latch and flip
flop circuits, CMOS D latch and edge triggered flip-flop
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Dynamic Logic Circuits:Basic principle, Voltage Bootstrapping, Synchronous dynamic pass
transistor circuits, Dynamic CMOS transmission gate logic, High performance Dynamic CMOS
circuits.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Semiconductor Memories:Types, RAM array organization, DRAM – Types, Operation, Leakage
currents in DRAM cell and refresh operation, SRAM operation Leakage currents in SRAM cells,
Flash Memory-NOR flash and NAND flash.
Textbooks:
1. Neil Weste, David Harris, “CMOS VLSI Design: A Circuits and Systems Perspective”, 4th
Edition, Pearson, 2010
2. Digital Integrated Circuit Design – Ken Martin, Oxford University Press, 2011.
3. CMOS Digital Integrated Circuits Analysis and Design – Sung-Mo Kang, Yusuf Leblebici,
TMH, 3rd Edition, 2011.
Reference Books:
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1. Introduction to VLSI Systems: A Logic, Circuit and System Perspective – Ming-BO Lin, CRC
Press, 2011
2. Digital Integrated Circuits – A Design Perspective, Jan M.Rabaey, AnanthaChandrakasan,
Borivoje Nikolic, 2ndEdition, PHI.
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Course Objectives:
To learn the instruction set architectures from a design perspective, including memory
addressing, operands, and control flow.
To understand the advanced concepts such as instruction level parallelism, , out-of-order
execution, chip-multiprocessing and the related issues of data hazards, branch costs,
hardware prediction.
To study the multiprocessor and parallel processing architectures.
To learn about the organization and design of contemporary processor architectures.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Learn the instruction set architectures from a design perspective, including memory
addressing, operands, and control flow.
Understand the advanced concepts such as instruction level parallelism, out-of-order
execution, chip-multiprocessing and the related issues of data hazards, branch costs,
hardware prediction.
Study the multiprocessor and parallel processing architectures.
Learn about the organization and design of contemporary processor architectures.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Fundamentals of Computer Design
Fundamentals of Computer design, Changing faces of computing and task of computer designer,
Technology trends, Cost price and their trends, measuring and reporting performance, quantitative
principles of computer design, Amdahl’s law.
Instruction set principles and examples- Introduction, classifying instruction set- memory addressing-
type and size of operands, operations in the instruction set.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Pipelines
Introduction ,basic RISC instruction set ,Simple implementation of RISC instruction set, Classic five
stage pipe line for RISC processor, Basic performance issues in pipelining , Pipeline hazards,
Reducing pipeline branch penalties.
Memory Hierarchy Design
Introduction, review of fundamentals of cache, Cache performance , Reducing cache miss penalty,
Virtual memory.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Instruction Level Parallelism the Hardware Approach
Instruction-Level parallelism, Dynamic scheduling, Dynamic scheduling using Tomasulo’s
approach, Branch prediction, high performance instruction delivery- hardware based speculation.
ILP Software Approach
Basic compiler level techniques, static branch prediction, VLIW approach, Exploiting ILP,
Parallelism at compile time, Cross cutting issues -Hardware verses Software.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Multi Processors and Thread Level Parallelism
Multi Processors and Thread level Parallelism- Introduction, Characteristics of application domain,
Systematic shared memory architecture, Distributed shared – memory architecture, Synchronization.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Inter Connection and Networks
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Course Objectives:
To provide broad understanding of the requirements of Real Time Operating Systems.
To make the student understand, applications of these Real Time features using case studies.
To use the real time operating system concepts.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Acquire knowledge on Real Time features of UNIX and LINUX.
Understand the basic building blocks of Real Time Operating Systems in terms of scheduling,
context switching and ISR.
Understand on Real Time applications using Real Time Linux, ucos2, VX works, Embedded
Linux.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Introduction
Introduction to UNIX/LINUX, Overview of Commands, File I/O,( open, create, close, lseek, read,
write), Process Control ( fork, vfork, exit, wait, waitpid, exec).
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Real Time Operating Systems
Brief History of OS, Defining RTOS, The Scheduler, Objects, Services, Characteristics of RTOS,
Defining a Task, asks States and Scheduling, Task Operations, Structure, Synchronization,
Communication and Concurrency.
Defining Semaphores, Operations and Use, Defining Message Queue, States, Content, Storage,
Operations and Use.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Objects, Services and I/O
Pipes, Event Registers, Signals, Other Building Blocks, Component Configuration, Basic I/O
Concepts, I/O Subsystem.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Exceptions, Interrupts and Timers
Exceptions, Interrupts, Applications, Processing of Exceptions and Spurious Interrupts, Real Time
Clocks, Programmable Timers, Timer Interrupt Service Routines (ISR), Soft Timers, Operations.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Case Studies of RTOS
RT Linux, MicroC/OS-II, Vx Works, Embedded Linux, and Tiny OS.
Textbooks:
1. Real Time Concepts for Embedded Systems – Qing Li, Elsevier, 2011.
Reference Books:
1. Embedded Systems- Architecture, Programming and Design by Rajkamal,TMH, 2007.
2. Advanced UNIX Programming, Richard Stevens.
3. Embedded Linux: Hardware, Software and Interfacing – Dr. Craig Hollabaugh.
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Course Objectives:
To understand various protocols in computer networks
To learn about congestion control and quality of service in computer networks
To study various aspects of adhoc wireless networks
To study various aspects of wireless sensor networks
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Course Objectives:
To understand the basics related to SoC architecture and different approaches related to SoC
Design.
To select an appropriate robust processor for SoC Design
To select an appropriate memory for SoC Design.
To realize real time case studies
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Understand the basics related to SoC architecture and different approaches related to SoC
Design.
Select an appropriated robust processor for SoC Design
Select an appropriate memory for SoC Design.
Realize real time case studies
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Introduction to the System Approach: System Architecture, Components of the system, Hardware
& Software, Processor Architectures, Memory &Addressing. System level interconnection, An
approach for SOC Design, System Architecture and Complexity.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Processors: Introduction, Processor Selection for SOC, Basic concepts in Processor Architecture,
Basic concepts in Processor Microarchitecture, Basic elements in Instruction handling. Buffers:
minimizing Pipeline Delays, Branches, More Robust Processors, Vector Processors and
Vector Instruction extensions, VLIW Processors, Superscalar Processors
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Memory Design for SOC: Overview: SOC external memory, SOC Internal Memory, Size,
Scratchpads and Cache memory, Cache Organization, Cache data, Write Policies, Strategies for
line replacement at miss time, Other Types of Cache, Split – I, and D – Caches, Multilevel
Caches, SOC Memory System, Models of Simple Processor – memory interaction.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Interconnect, Customization and Configurability: Interconnect Architectures, Bus: Basic
Architectures, SOC Standard Buses , Analytic Bus Models, Using the Bus model, Effects of Bus
transactions and contention time.
SOC Customization: An overview, Customizing Instruction Processor, Reconfigurable
Technologies, Mapping design onto Reconfigurable devices, Instance- Specific design,
Customizable Soft Processor, Reconfiguration - overhead analysis and trade-off analysis on
reconfigurable Parallelism.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Application Studies / Case Studies: SOC Design approach; AES-algorithms, Design and evaluation;
Image compression–JPEG compression.
Textbooks:
1. Computer System Design System-on-Chip - Michael J. Flynn and Wayne Luk, Wiely India Pvt.
Ltd.
2. ARM System on Chip Architecture – Steve Furber, 2ndEdition, 2000, Addison Wesley
Professional.
Reference Books:
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1. Design of System on a Chip: Devices and Components – Ricardo Reis, 1st Ed., 2004, Springer
2.Co-Verification of Hardware and Software for ARM System on Chip Design
(EmbeddedTechnology) – Jason Andrews – Newnes, BK and CDROM.
3.System on Chip Verification – Methodologies and Techniques –PrakashRashinkar, PeterPaterson
and Leena Singh L, 2001, Kluwer Academic Publishers
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Course Objectives:
To familiarize the HDL simulator / synthesis tool
To design and implement given combinational circuit on FPGA device
To design and implement given sequential circuit on FPGA device
Course Outcomes (CO):
Familiarize the HDL simulator / synthesis tool
Design and implement given combinational circuit on FPGA device
Design and implement given sequential circuit on FPGA device
List of Experiments:
Student has to design his/her user defined library components by using and standard HDL simulator
/ Synthesis tool for target FPGA device.
1. Combinational Logic Circuits
a. Generic Multiplexer.
b. Generic Priority Encoder.
c. Design of RAM Memory.
d. Code Converters.
e. Combinational Arithmetic circuits
f. Ripple Carry Adder.
g. Carry-Look ahead adder.
h. Signed and Unsigned Adders.
i. Signed and Unsigned Subtractors.
j. N-bit Comparator.
k. N – bit Arithmetic Logic Unit.
l. Parallel Signed and unsigned Multipliers.
m. Dividers.
2. Sequential Circuits
a. Shift Register with Load.
b. Switch Debouncer.
c. Timer.
d. Fibonacci Series Generator.
e. Frequency Meters.
Software Requirements:
Xilinx Vivado, Intel Quartus Prime Pro, Lattice Diamond, equivalent EDA software
Hardware Requirements:
Xilinx / Altera / Lattice / Equivalent FPGA development kits
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Course Objectives:
To write the ARM ‘C’ programming for applications
To understand the interfacing of various modules with ARM 7/ ARM Cortex-M3
To develop assembly and C Programming for DSP processors
Course Outcomes (CO):
Install, configure and utilize tool sets for developing applications based on ARM processor
core.
Design and developtheARM7 based embedded systems for various applications.
Develop application programs on ARM and DSP development boards both in assembly and
C.
Design and Implement the digital filters on DSP6713 processor.
Analyze the hardware and software interaction and integration.
List of Experiments:
Part A) Experiments to be carried out on Cortex-Mx development boards and using GNU tool-
chain
1. Blink an LED with software delay, delay generated using the SysTick timer.
2. System clock real time alteration using the PLL modules.
3. Control intensity of an LED using PWM implemented in software and hardware.
4. Control an LED using switch by polling method, by interrupt method and flash the LED once
every five switch presses.
5. UART Echo Test.
6. Take analog readings on rotation of rotary potentiometer connected to an ADC channel.
7. Temperature indication on an RGB LED.
8. Mimic light intensity sensed by the light sensor by varying the blinking rate of an LED.
9. Evaluate the various sleep modes by putting core in sleep and deep sleep modes.
10. System reset using watchdog timer in case something goes wrong.
11. Sample sound using a microphone and display sound levels on LEDs.
Part B) Experiments to be carried out on DSP C6713 evaluation kits and using Code Composer
Studio (CCS)
12. To develop an assembly code and C code to compute Euclidian distance between any two
points
13. To develop assembly code and study the impact of parallel, serial and mixed execution
14. To develop assembly and C code for implementation of convolution operation
15. To design and implement filters in C to enhance the features of given input sequence/signa
Software Requirements:
Keil for ARM, Code Composer Studio
Hardware Requirements:
ARM Cortex Mx Development Boards, TI TMS C6713 evaluation kit
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Course Objectives:
• Identify an appropriate research problem in their interesting domain.
• Understand ethical issues understand the Preparation of a research project thesis report.
• Understand the Preparation of a research project thesis report
• Understand the law of patent and copyrights.
• Understand the Adequate knowledge on IPR
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Analyze research related information
Follow research ethics
Understand that today’s world is controlled by Computer, Information Technology, but tomorrow
world will be ruled by ideas, concept, and creativity.
Understanding that when IPR would take such important place in growth of individuals & nation, it is
needless to emphasis the need of information about Intellectual Property Right to be promoted among
students in general & engineering in particular.
Understand that IPR protection provides an incentive to inventors for further research work and
investment in R & D, which leads to creation of new and better products, and in turn brings about,
economic growth and social benefits.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Meaning of research problem, Sources of research problem, Criteria Characteristics of a good research
problem, Errors in selecting a research problem, scope, and objectives of research problem. Approaches of
investigation of solutions for research problem, data collection, analysis, interpretation, Necessary
instrumentations
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Effective literature studies approaches, analysis Plagiarism, Research ethics, Effective technical writing, how
to write report, Paper Developing a Research Proposal, Format of research proposal, a presentation and
assessment by a review committee.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Nature of Intellectual Property: Patents, Designs, Trade and Copyright. Process of Patenting and Development:
technological research, innovation, patenting, development. International Scenario: International cooperation
on Intellectual Property. Procedure for grants of patents, Patenting under PCT.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Patent Rights: Scope of Patent Rights. Licensing and transfer of technology. Patent information and databases.
Geographical Indications.
UNIT - V
New Developments in IPR: Administration of Patent System. New developments in IPR; IPR of Biological
Systems, Computer Software etc. Traditional knowledge Case Studies, IPR and IITs.
Textbooks:
1. Stuart Melville and Wayne Goddard, “Research methodology: an introduction for science &
engineering students’”
2. Wayne Goddard and Stuart Melville, “Research Methodology: An Introduction”
Reference Books:
1. Ranjit Kumar, 2nd Edition, “Research Methodology: A Step by Step Guide for
beginners”
2. Halbert, “Resisting Intellectual Property”, Taylor & Francis Ltd ,2007.
3. Mayall, “Industrial Design”, McGraw Hill, 1992.
4. Niebel, “Product Design”, McGraw Hill, 1974.
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Course Objectives:
To differentiate between a General purpose and an Embedded System.
To provide knowledge on the building blocks of Embedded System.
To understand the requirement of Embedded firmware and its role in API.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Expected to differentiate the design requirements between General Purpose and Embedded
Systems.
Expected to acquire the knowledge of firmware design principles.
Expected to understand the role of Real Time Operating System in Embedded Design.
To acquire the knowledge and experience of task level Communication in any Embedded
System.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Introduction to Embedded Systems: Definition of Embedded System, Embedded Systems Vs General
Computing Systems, History of Embedded Systems, Classification, Major Application Areas,
Purpose of Embedded Systems,
Characteristics and Quality Attributes of Embedded Systems.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Typical Embedded System: Core of the Embedded System: General Purpose and Domain Specific
Processors, ASICs, PLDs, Commercial Off-The-Shelf Components (COTS), Memory: ROM, RAM,
Memory according to the type of Interface, Memory Shadowing, Memory selection for Embedded
Systems, Sensors and Actuators, Communication Interface: Onboard and External Communication
Interfaces. DDR , Flash, NVRAM
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Embedded Firmware: Reset Circuit, Brown-out Protection Circuit, Oscillator Unit, Real Time Clock,
Watchdog Timer, Embedded Firmware Design Approaches and Development Languages.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
RTOS Based Embedded System Design: Operating System Basics, Types of Operating Systems,
Tasks, Process and Threads, Multiprocessing and Multitasking, Task Scheduling.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Task Communication: Shared Memory, Message Passing, Remote Procedure Call and Sockets, Task
Synchronization: Task Communication/Synchronization Issues, Task Synchronization Techniques,
Device Drivers, How to Choose an RTOS.
Textbooks:
1. Introduction to Embedded Systems - Shibu K.V, Mc Graw Hill.
Reference Books:
1. Embedded Systems - Raj Kamal, TMH.
2. Embedded System Design - Frank Vahid, Tony Givargis, John Wiley.
3. Embedded Systems – Lyla, Pearson, 2013
4. An Embedded Software Primer - David E. Simon, Pearson Education.
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Course Objectives:
To explore the difference between general purpose programming languages and Embedded
Programming Language.
To provide case studies for programming in Embedded systems.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Learn the basics of Embedded C with reference to 8051.
Understand how to handle control and data pins at hardware level.
Introduce objective nature of Embedded C.
Understand the specifications of real time embedded programming with case studies.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
PROGRAMMING EMBEDDED SYSTEMS IN C: Introduction to embedded system, Processor
used, programming language used, operating system used, developing embedded software.
INTRODUCING THE 8051 MICROCONTROLLER FAMILY: Introduction, The external
interface of the Standard 8051, Reset requirements, Clock frequency and performance Memory
issues, I/O pins, Timers, Interrupts, Serial interface, Power consumption.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
EMBEDDED WORLD: Introduction Installing the Keil software and loading the project,
Configuring the simulator, Building the target, Running the simulation, Dissecting the program,
Building the hardware.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
READING SWITCHES: Introduction, Basic techniques for reading from port pins, Example:
Reading and writing bytes, Example: Reading and writing bits (simple version),The need for pull-up
resistors, Dealing with switch bounce, Example: Reading switch inputs (basic code).
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
ADDING STRUCTURE TO YOUR CODE: Introduction, Object-oriented programming with C,
The Project Header (MAIN.H), The Port Header (PORT.H), Example: Restructuring the ‘Hello
Embedded World’ example.
MEETING REAL-TIME CONSTRAINTS: Introduction, Creating ‘hardware delays’ using Timer
0 and Timer, Example: Generating a precise 50 ms delay, Example: Creating a portable hardware
delay, The need for ‘timeout’ mechanisms, Creating loop timeouts.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
CREATING AN EMBEDDED OPERATING SYSTEM: Introduction, The basis of a simple
embedded OS, Introducing sEOS, Using Timer 0 or Timer 1, alternative architectures, important
design considerations when using sEOS.
MULTI-STATE SYSTEMS AND FUNCTION SEQUENCES:Introduction, Implementing a
Multi-State (Timed) system, traffic light sequencing, Animatronics dinosaur, implementing a Multi-
State (Input/Timed) system, Controller for a washing machine
Textbooks:
1. Embedded C By Micheal J. Pont Pearson Education, 2002.
2. Embedded C Coding standard-Michael Barr from Neutrino.
Reference Books:
1. Real Time Concepts for Embedded systems-Qing Li,Caroline Yao, CMP Books 2003.
2. Embedded/Real Time Syatems-KVKK Prasad, Dreamtech press,2005
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Course Objectives:
To Learn about Electro mechanical sensors.
To Learn the use of the thermal sensors and magnetic sensors for embedded system.
To learn the basics of radiation sensors, smart sensors and actuators.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Learn about Electro mechanical sensors.
Learn the use of the thermal sensors and magnetic sensors for embedded system.
Learn the basics of radiation sensors, smart sensors and actuators.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Sensors/Transducers
Principles – Classification – Parameters – Characteristics - Environmental Parameters (EP) –
Characterization.
Mechanical and Electromechanical Sensors
Introduction – Resistive Potentiometer – Strain Gauge – Resistance Strain Gauge – Semiconductor
Strain Gauges -Inductive Sensors: Sensitivity and Linearity of the Sensor –Types-Capacitive
Sensors:– Electrostatic Transducer– Force/Stress Sensors Using Quartz Resonators – Ultrasonic
Sensors.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Thermal Sensors
Introduction – Gas thermometric Sensors – Thermal Expansion Type Thermometric Sensors –
Acoustic Temperature Sensor – Dielectric Constant and Refractive Index thermosensors – Helium
Low Temperature Thermometer – Nuclear Thermometer – Magnetic Thermometer – Resistance
Change Type Thermometric Sensors –Thermoemf Sensors– Junction Semiconductor Types–
Thermal Radiation Sensors –Quartz Crystal Thermoelectric Sensors – NQR Thermometry –
Spectroscopic Thermometry – Noise Thermometry – Heat Flux Sensors.
Magnetic sensors
Introduction – Sensors and the Principles Behind – Magneto-resistive Sensors – Anisotropic
Magnetoresistive Sensing – Semiconductor Magnetoresistors– Hall Effect and Sensors – Inductance
and Eddy Current Sensors– Angular/Rotary Movement Transducers – Synchros – Synchro-resolvers
- Eddy Current Sensors – Electromagnetic Flowmeter – Switching Magnetic Sensors SQUID
Sensors.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Radiation Sensors
Introduction – Basic Characteristics – Types of Photosensistors/Photo detectors– X-ray and Nuclear
Radiation Sensors– Fiber Optic Sensors.
Electro analytical Sensors
Introduction – The Electrochemical Cell – The Cell Potential - Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE)
– Liquid Junction and Other Potentials – Polarization – Concentration Polarization-– Reference
Electrodes - Sensor Electrodes – Electro ceramics in Gas Media.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Smart Sensors
Introduction – Primary Sensors – Excitation – Amplification – Filters – Converters – Compensation–
Information Coding/Processing - Data Communication – Standards for Smart Sensor Interface – The
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Automation.
Sensors –Applications
Introduction – On-board Automobile Sensors (Automotive Sensors)– Home Appliance Sensors –
Aerospace Sensors –– Sensors for Manufacturing –Sensors for environmental Monitoring.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Actuators
Pneumatic and Hydraulic Actuation Systems- Actuation systems – Pneumatic and hydraulic systems
- Directional Control valves – Presure control valves – Cylinders - Servo and proportional control
valves – Process control valves – Rotary actuators.
Mechanical Actuation Systems- Types of motion – Kinematic chains – Cams – Gears – Ratchet and
pawl – Belt and chain drives – Bearings – Mechanical aspects of motor selection.
Electrical Actuation Systems-Electrical systems -Mechanical switches – Solid-state switches
Solenoids – D.C. Motors – A.C. motors – Stepper motors.
Textbooks:
1.D. Patranabis, “Sensors and Transducers”, PHI Learning Private Limited.
2. W. Bolton, “Mechatronics”, Pearson Education Limited.
Reference Books:
1. Ernest O.Doebelin, Measurement Systems - Application & Design,4th Edition,Mc-GrawHill
Publishing company
2. C. Rangan , G Sarma , V.S.V. Mani Instrumentation: Devices and Systems,4th Edition,Mc-
GrawHill Publishing company
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Course Objectives:
To understand concepts of modern control system To explain the concepts of state variables
analysis.
To study and analyze non linear control systems.
To analyze the concept of stability for nonlinear control systems and their categorization.
To apply the comprehensive knowledge of optimal theory for Control Systems.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Understand concepts of modern control system To explain the concepts of state variables
analysis.
Study and analyze non linear control systems.
Analyze the concept of stability for nonlinear control systems and their categorization.
Apply the comprehensive knowledge of optimal theory for Control Systems.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Mathematical Preliminaries and State Variable Analysis
Fields, Vectors and Vector Spaces – Linear combinations and Bases – Linear Transformations and
Matrices – Scalar Product and Norms – Eigen values, Eigen Vectors and a Canonical form
representation of Linear systems – The concept of state – State space model of Dynamic systems –
Time invariance and Linearity – Non uniqueness of state model – State diagrams for Continuous-
Time State models - Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions to Continuous-Time State Equations –
Solutions of Linear Time Invariant Continuous-Time State Equations – State transition matrix and
it’s properties. Complete solution of state space model due to zero input and due to zero state.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Controllability and Observability
General concept of controllability – Controllability tests, different state transformations such as
diagonalization, Jordon canonical forms and Controllability canonical forms for Continuous-Time
Invariant Systems – General concept of Observability – Observability tests for Continuous-Time
Invariant Systems – Observability of different State transformation forms.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
State Feedback Controllers and Observers
State feedback controller design through Pole Assignment, using Ackkermans formula– State
observers: Full order and Reduced order observers.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Non-Linear Systems
Introduction – Non Linear Systems - Types of Non-Linearities – Saturation – Dead-Zone - Backlash
– Jump Phenomenon etc; Linearization of nonlinear systems, Singular Points and its types–
Describing function–describing function of different types of nonlinear elements, – Stability analysis
of Non-Linear systems through describing functions. Introduction to phase-plane analysis, Method of
Isoclines for Constructing Trajectories, Stability analysis of nonlinear systems based on phase-plane
method.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Stability Analysis
Stability in the sense of Lyapunov, Lyapunov’s stability and Lypanov’s instability theorems -
Stability Analysis of the Linear continuous time invariant systems by Lyapunov second method –
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Course Objectives:
To learn the difference between optimal reasoning vs human like reasoning
To understand the notions of state space representation, exhaustive search, heuristic search
along with the time and space complexities
To learn different knowledge representation techniques
To understand the applications of Al: namely Game Playing, Theorem Proving, Expert
Systems, Machine Learning and Natural. Language Processing
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Possess the ability to formulate an efficient problem space for a problem expressed in
English.
Possess the ability to select a search algorithm for a problem and characterize its time and
space complexities.
Possess the skill for representing knowledge using the appropriate technique.
Possess the ability to apply Al techniques to solve problems of Game Playing, Expert
Systems, Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Introduction, History, Intelligent Systems, Foundations of AI, Sub areas of AI, Applications.
Problem Solving – State-Space Search and Control Strategies: Introduction, General Problem
Solving, Characteristics of Problem, Exhaustive Searches, Heuristic Search Techniques, Iterative-
Deepening A*, Constraint Satisfaction. Game Playing, Bounded Look-ahead Strategy and use of
Evaluation Functions, Alpha-Beta Pruning
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Logic Concepts and Logic Programming
Introduction, Propositional Calculus, Propositional Logic, Natural Deduction System, Axiomatic
System, Semantic Tableau System in Propositional Logic, Resolution Refutation in Propositional
Logic, Predicate Logic, Logic Programming. Knowledge Representation: Introduction, Approaches
to Knowledge Representation, Knowledge Representation using Semantic Network, Extended
Semantic Networks for KR, Knowledge Representation using Frames.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Expert System and Applications
Introduction, Phases in Building Expert Systems, Expert System Architecture, Expert Systems Vs
Traditional Systems, Truth Maintenance Systems, Application of Expert Systems, List of Shells and
Tools. Uncertainty Measure – Probability Theory: Introduction, Probability Theory, Bayesian Belief
Networks, Certainty Factor Theory, Dempster-Shafer Theory.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Machine-Learning Paradigms
Introduction. Machine Learning Systems.Supervised and Unsupervised Learning. Inductive
Learning. Learning Decision Trees (Text Book 2), Deductive Learning. Clustering, Support Vector
Machines. Artificial Neural Networks: Introduction, Artificial Neural Networks, Single- Layer Feed-
Forward Networks, Multi-Layer Feed-Forward Networks, Radial- Basis Function Networks, Design
Issues of Artificial Neural Networks, Recurrent Networks.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Advanced Knowledge Representation Techniques
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Case Grammars, Semantic Web Natural Language Processing: Introduction, Sentence Analysis
Phases, Grammars and Parsers, Types of Parsers, Semantic Analysis, Universal Networking
Knowledge.
Textbooks:
1. Saroj Kaushik. Artificial Intelligence. Cengage Learning, 2011.
2. Russell, Norvig: Artificial intelligence, A Modern Approach, Pearson Education, Second
Edition. 2004.
Reference Books:
1. Rich, Knight, Nair: Artificial intelligence, Tata McGraw Hill, Third Edition 2009.
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Course Objectives:
To understand the concepts of different types neural networks
To understand the concepts of fuzzy logic systems
To learn concepts of genetic algorithm
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Understand the concepts of different types neural networks
Understand the concepts of fuzzy logic systems
Learn concepts of genetic algorithm
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Fundamentals of Neural Networks & Feed Forward Networks: Basic Concept of Neural
Networks, Human Brain, Models of an Artificial Neuron, Learning Methods, Neural Networks
Architectures.
Feed Forward Neural Network: Single Layer Feed Forward Neural Network, The Perceptron
Model,
Multilayer Feed Forward Neural Network, Architecture of a Back Propagation Network(BPN), The
Solution, Backpropagation Learning, Selection of various Parameters in BPN. Application of Back
propagation Networks in Pattern Recognition & Image Processing.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Associative Memories & ART Neural Networks: Basic concepts of Linear Associator, Basic
concepts of Dynamical systems, Mathematical Foundation of Discrete-Time Hop field
Networks(HPF), Mathematical Foundation of Gradient-Type Hopfield Networks, Transient response
of Continuous Time Networks, Applications of HPF in Solution of Optimization Problem:
Minimization of the Traveling salesman tour length, Summing networks with digital outputs, Solving
Simultaneous Linear Equations, Bidirectional Associative Memory Networks; Cluster Structure,
Vector Quantization, Classical ART Networks, Simplified ART Architecture
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Fuzzy Logic & Systems: Fuzzy sets, Crisp Relations, Fuzzy Relations, Crisp Logic, Predicate
Logic, Fuzzy Logic, Fuzzy Rule based system, Defuzzification Methods, Applications: Greg Viot’s
Fuzzy Cruise Controller, Air Conditioner Controller.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Genetic Algorithms: Basic Concepts of Genetic Algorithms (GA), Biological background, Creation
of Offsprings, Working Principle, Encoding, Fitness Function, Reproduction, Inheritance Operators,
Cross Over, Inversion and Deletion, Mutation Operator, Bit-wise Operators used in GA,
Generational Cycle, Convergence of Genetic Algorithm.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Hybrid Systems: Types of Hybrid Systems, Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic, and Genetic Algorithms
Hybrid, Genetic Algorithm based BPN: GA Based weight Determination, Fuzzy Back Propagation
Networks: LR-type fuzzy numbers, Fuzzy Neuron, Fuzzy BP Architecture, Learning in Fuzzy BPN,
Inference by fuzzy BPN.
Textbooks:
1.Introduction to Artificial Neural Systems - J.M.Zurada, Jaico Publishers
2.Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic & Genetic Algorithms: Synthesis & Applications -S.Rajasekaran,
G.A. VijayalakshmiPai, July 2011, PHI, New Delhi.
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Course Objectives:
To provide broad understanding of fault diagnosis and tolerant design approach.
To illustrate the framework of test pattern generation using semi and full automatic
approach.
To acquire the knowledge of scan architectures.
To acquire the knowledge of design of built-in-self test.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Provide broad understanding of fault diagnosis and tolerant design approach.
Illustrate the framework of test pattern generation using semi and full automatic approach.
Acquire the knowledge of scan architectures.
Acquire the knowledge of design of built-in-self test.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Fault Tolerant Design
Basic concepts: Reliability concepts, Failures & faults, Reliability and Failure rate, Relation between
reliability and mean time between failure, maintainability and availability, reliability of series,
parallel and parallel-series combinational circuits.
Fault Tolerant Design
Basic concepts-static, dynamic, hybrid, triple modular redundant system (TMR), 5MR
reconfiguration techniques, Data redundancy, Time redundancy and software Redundancy concepts.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Self Checking circuits & Fail safe Design
Basic concepts of self checking circuits, Design of Totally self checking checker, Checkers using m
out of n codes, Berger code, Low cost residue code.
Fail Safe Design- Strongly fault secure circuits, fail safe design of sequential circuits using partition
theory and Berger code, totally self checking PLA design
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Design for Testability
Design for testability for combinational circuits: Basic concepts of Testability, Controllability and
observability, The Reed Muller’s expansion technique, use of control and syndrome testable designs.
Design for testability by means of scan
Making circuits Testable, Testability Insertion, Full scan DFT technique- Full scan insertion, flip-
flop Structures, Full scan design and Test, Scan Architectures-full scan design, Shadow register DFT,
Partial scan methods, multiple scan design, other scan designs.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Logic Built-in-self-test
BIST Basics-Memory-based BIST,BIST effectiveness, BIST types, Designing a BIST, Test Pattern
Generation-Engaging TPGs, exhaustive counters, ring counters, twisted ring counter, Linear
feedback shift register, Output Response Analysis-Engaging ORA’s, One’s counter, transition
counter, parity checking, Serial LFSRs, Parallel Signature analysis, BIST architectures-BIST related
terminologies, A centralised and separate Board-level BIST architecture, Built-in evaluation and self
test(BEST), Random Test socket(RTS), LSSD On-chip self test, Self –testing using MISR and
SRSG, Concurrent BIST, BILBO, Enhancing coverage, RT level BIST design-CUT design,
simulation and synthesis, RTS BIST insertion, Configuring the RTS BIST, incorporating
configurations in BIST, Design of STUMPS, RTS and STUMPS results.
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Course Objectives:
To acquire the knowledge on various models of Co-design.
To explore the interrelationship between Hardware and software in a embedded system
To acquire the knowledge of firmware development process and tools during Co-design.
To understand validation methods and adaptability.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Acquire the knowledge on various models of Co-design.
Explore the interrelationship between Hardware and software in a embedded system
Acquire the knowledge of firmware development process and tools during Co-design.
Understand validation methods and adaptability.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Co- Design Issues
Co- Design Models, Architectures, Languages, A Generic Co-design Methodology. Co- Synthesis
Algorithms
Hardware software synthesis algorithms: hardware – software partitioning distributed system co-
synthesis.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Prototyping and Emulation
Prototyping and emulation techniques, prototyping and emulation environments, future
developments in emulation and prototyping architecture specialization techniques, system
communication infrastructure.
Target Architectures
Architecture Specialization techniques, System Communication infrastructure, Target Architecture
and Application System classes, Architecture for control dominated systems (8051-Architectures for
High performance control), Architecture for Data dominated systems (ADSP21060, TMS320C60),
Mixed Systems.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Compilation Techniques and Tools for Embedded Processor Architectures
Modern embedded architectures, embedded software development needs, compilation technologies,
practical consideration in a compiler development environment.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Design Specification and Verification
Design, co-design, the co-design computational model, concurrency coordinating concurrent
computations, interfacing components, design verification, implementation verification, verification
tools, interface verification.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Languages for System – Level Specification and Design-I
System – level specification, design representation for system level synthesis, system level
specification languages,
Languages for System – Level Specification and Design-II
Heterogeneous specifications and multi language co-simulation, the cosyma system and lycos
system.
Textbooks:
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1. Hardware / Software Co- Design Principles and Practice – Jorgen Staunstrup, Wayne Wolf –
Springer, 2009.
2. Hardware / Software Co- Design - Giovanni De Micheli, MariagiovannaSami,Kluwer Academic
Publishers, 2002.
Reference Books:
1. A Practical Introduction to Hardware/Software Co-design -Patrick R. Schaumont, Springer, 2010.
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Course Objectives:
To familiarize with embedded systems programming concepts
To implement different embedded communication and interfacing protocols
Course Outcomes (CO):
Familiarize with embedded systems programming concepts
Implement different embedded communication and interfacing protocols
List of Experiments:
Interfacing the regular USB webcam with the device and turn it into fully functional IP webcam &
test the functionality.
12. FM Transmission
Transforming the device into a regular FM transmitter capable of transmitting audio at desired
frequency (generally 88-108 Mhz)
Software Requirements:
Keil / Python
Hardware Requirements:
Arduino/Raspbery Pi/Beaglebone
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Course Objectives:
To understand the concepts of Embedded ‘C’ programming
To implement given program on 8051 microcontroller
To implement given program on LPC2148 microcontroller
Course Outcomes (CO):
Understand the concepts of Embedded ‘C’ programming
Implement given program on 8051 microcontroller
Implement given program on LPC2148 microcontroller
List of Experiments:
Embedded C programming and testing using 8051 advanced development board and KEIL
tools.
1. (i) Program to perform arithmetic operations.
(ii) Program to perform sorting of numbers.
2. Program to shift LED’s Left and right.
3. Program for DIP switch interface.
4. Program to display message in LCD 8 bit mode.
5. Program to display picture in GLCD 128X64.
6. Program to send data serially through serial port.
7. Program to display I2C RTC(DS1307) to Hyper terminal window.
8. Program to display digital temperature sensor output.
9. Program for 4X4 matrix keyboard with LCD.
10. Program to interface stepper motor.
11. Program to interface relay.
Embedded C programming and testing using LPC2148 development kit(Real time
environment)
1. Program to interface LED and implement Multi-tasking.
2. Program to display RTC-ADC on LCD.
3. Program to display message on GLCD
Software Requirements:
Keil for C51, Keil for ARM
Hardware Requirements:
8051 Development boards, LPC2148 Development boards
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Course Objectives:
To acquire knowledge on communication protocols of connecting Embedded Systems.
To understand the design parameters of USB and CAN bus protocols.
To understand the design issues of Ethernet in Embedded networks.
To acquire the knowledge of wireless protocols in Embedded domain.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Acquire knowledge on communication protocols of connecting Embedded Systems.
Understand the design parameters of USB and CAN bus protocols.
Understand the design issues of Ethernet in Embedded networks.
Acquire the knowledge of wireless protocols in Embedded domain.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Embedded Communication Protocols
Embedded Networking: Introduction – Serial/Parallel Communication – Serial communication
protocols -RS232 standard – RS485 – Synchronous Serial Protocols -Serial Peripheral Interface
(SPI) – Inter Integrated Circuits (I2C) – PC Parallel port programming - ISA/PCI Bus protocols –
Firewire.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
USB and CAN Bus
USB bus – Introduction – Speed Identification on the bus – USB States – USB bus communication
Packets –Data flow types –Enumeration –Descriptors –PIC 18 Microcontroller USB Interface – C
Programs –CAN Bus – Introduction - Frames –Bit stuffing –Types of errors –Nominal Bit Timing –
PIC microcontroller CAN Interface –A simple application with CAN.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Ethernet Basics
Elements of a network – Inside Ethernet – Building a Network: Hardware options – Cables,
Connections and network speed – Design choices: Selecting components –Ethernet Controllers –
Using the internet in local and internet communications – Inside the Internet protocol.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Embedded Ethernet
Exchanging messages using UDP and TCP – Serving web pages with Dynamic Data – Serving web
pages that respond to user Input – Email for Embedded Systems – Using FTP – Keeping Devices and
Network secure.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Wireless Embedded Networking
Wireless sensor networks – Introduction – Applications – Network Topology – Localization –Time
Synchronization - Energy efficient MAC protocols –SMAC – Energy efficient and robust routing –
Data Centric routing.
Textbooks:
1. Embedded Systems Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction - Frank Vahid, Tony
Givargis, John & Wiley Publications, 2002.
2. Parallel Port Complete: Programming, interfacing and using the PCs parallel printer port - Jan
Axelson, Penram Publications, 1996.
Reference Books:
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1. Advanced PIC microcontroller projects in C: from USB to RTOS with the PIC18F series - Dogan
Ibrahim, Elsevier 2008.
2. Embedded Ethernet and Internet Complete - Jan Axelson, Penram publications, 2003.
3. Networking Wireless Sensors - BhaskarKrishnamachari, Cambridge press 2005.
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Course Objectives:
To understand the concepts of different types of serial buses.
To learn about CAN, PCIe and USB architecture
To learn about data streaming using serial communication protocols
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Understand the concepts of different types of serial buses.
Learn about CAN, PCIe and USB architecture
Learn about data streaming using serial communication protocols
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Serial Busses- Cables, Serial busses, serial versus parallel, Data and Control Signal- data frame, data
rate, features, Limitations and applications of RS232, RS485, I2C , SPI
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
CAN ARCHITECTURE- ISO 11898-2, ISO 11898-3, Data Transmission- ID allocation, Bit
timing, Layers- Application layers, Object layer, Transfer layer, Physical layer, Frame formats- Data
frame, Remote frame, Error frame, Over load frame, Ack slot, Inter frame spacing, Bit spacing,
Applications.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
PCIe
Revision, Configuration space- configuration mechanism, Standardized registers, Bus enumeration,
Hardware and Software implementation, Hardware protocols, Applications.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
USB
Transfer Types- Control transfers, Bulk transfer, Interrupt transfer, Isochronous transfer.
Enumeration- Device detection, Default state, Addressed state, Configured state, enumeration
sequencing. Descriptor types and contents- Device descriptor, configuration descriptor, Interface
descriptor, Endpoint descriptor, String descriptor. Device driver.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Data streaming Serial Communication Protocal- Serial Front Panel Data Port(SFPDP)
configurations, Flow control, serial FPDP transmission frames, fiber frames and copper cable.
Textbooks:
1. A Comprehensive Guide to controller Area Network – Wilfried Voss, Copperhill Media
Corporation, 2nd Ed., 2005.
2.Serial Port Complete-COM Ports, USB Virtual Com Portsand Ports for Embedded Systems- Jan
Axelson, Lakeview Research, 2nd Ed.,
Reference Books:
1. USB Complete – Jan Axelson, Penram Publications.
2.PCI Express Technology – Mike Jackson, Ravi Budruk, Mindshare Press.
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Course Objectives:
To describe the various elements that make an industrial robot system
To discuss various applications of industrial robot systems
To analyze robot manipulators in terms of their kinematics, kinetics, and control
To design a model robot manipulators and analyze their performance, through running
simulations using a MATLAB-based Robot Toolbox
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Describe the various elements that make an industrial robot system
Discuss various applications of industrial robot systems
Analyze robot manipulators in terms of their kinematics, kinetics, and control
Design a model robot manipulators and analyze their performance, through running
simulations using a MATLAB-based Robot Toolbox
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Introduction & Basic Definitions: History pf robots-robot anatomy, Coordinate Systems , Human
arm Characteristics , Cartesian , Cylindrical, Polar, coordinate frames , mapping transform.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Kinematics – Inverse Kinematics:Kinematics , Mechanical structure and notations , description of
links and joints , DenavitHatenberg notation , manipulator transformation matrix , examples inverse
kinematics.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Differential Motion – Statics – Dynamic Modeling: Velocity Propagation along links, manipulator
Jacobian – Jacobian singularities – Lagrange Euler formulation Newton Euler formulation basics of
trajectory planning.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Robot Systems : Actuators Sensors and Vision: Hydraulic and Electrical Systems Including Pumps,
valves, solenoids, cylinders, stepper motors, Encoders and AC Motors Range and use of sensors,
Microswitches, Resistance Transducers, Piezo-electric, Infrared and Lasers Applications of Sensors :
Reed Switches, Ultrasonic, Barcode Readers and RFID – Fundamentals of Robotic vision.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Robots and Applications.: Industrial Applications – Processing applications – Assembly
applications, Inspection applications , Non Industrial applications.
Textbooks:
1. Robotics and Control : R.K. Mittal and I.J. Nagarath, TMH 2003.
2. Introduction to Robotics – P.J. Mckerrow, ISBN: 0201182408
3. Introduction to Robotics – S. Nikv, 2001, Prentice Hall,
4. Mechatronics and Robotics: Design & Applications – A. Mutanbara, 1999, CRC Press.
Reference Books:
1. Robotics – K.S. Fu, R.C. Gonzalez and C.S.G. Lee, 2008, TMH.
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AUDIT
COURSE-I
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Course Code L T P C
21DAC101b DISASTER MANAGEMENT 2 0 0 0
Semester I
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1. R.Nishith,SinghAK,“DisasterManagementinIndia:Perspectives,issuesandstrategies
2. “’New Royal book
Company..Sahni,PardeepEt.Al.(Eds.),”DisasterMitigationExperiencesAndReflections”,PrenticeHa
ll OfIndia, New Delhi.
3. GoelS.L.,DisasterAdministrationAndManagementTextAndCaseStudies”,Deep&Deep
Publication Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi
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AUDIT
COURSE-II
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UNIT - II
Thematic overview: Pedagogical practices are being used by teachers in formal and informal
classrooms in developing countries. Curriculum, Teacher education.
UNIT - III
Evidence on theeffectivenessofpedagogicalpractices,Methodologyfortheindepthstage:quality assessmen t
of included studies. How can teacher education (curriculumandpracticum) andthescho curriculum and
guidance materials best support effective pedagogy? Theory of change. Strength and nature of th body of
evidence for effective pedagogical practices. Pedagogic theory and pedagogical approaches. Teachers’
attitudes and beliefs and Pedagogic strategies.
UNIT - IV
Professional development: alignment with classroom practices and follow-up support, Peer support,
Support from the head
teacherandthecommunity.Curriculumandassessment,Barrierstolearning:limitedresourcesand large class
sizes
UNIT - V
Researchgapsandfuturedirections:Researchdesign,Contexts,Pedagogy,Teachereducation,
Curriculum and assessment, Dissemination and research impact.
Suggested Reading
1. AckersJ,HardmanF(2001)ClassroominteractioninKenyanprimaryschools,Compare,
31 (2): 245-261.
2. AgrawalM(2004)Curricularreforminschools:Theimportanceofevaluation,Journalof
3. Curriculum Studies, 36 (3): 361-379.
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Course Code L T P C
21DAC201b STRESSMANAGEMENT BY YOGA 2 0 0 0
Semester II
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OPEN
ELECTIVE
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Course Objectives:
To know about Industrial safety programs and toxicology, Industrial laws , regulations and source
models
To understand about fire and explosion, preventive methods, relief and its sizing methods
To analyse industrial hazards and its risk assessment.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
To list out important legislations related to health, Safety and Environment.
To list out requirements mentioned in factories act for the prevention of accidents.
To understand the health and welfare provisions given in factories act.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Industrial safety: Accident, causes, types, results and control, mechanical and electrical hazards, types,
causes and preventive steps/procedure, describe salient points of factories act 1948 for health and safety,
wash rooms, drinking water layouts, light, cleanliness, fire, guarding, pressure vessels, etc, Safety color
codes. Fire prevention and firefighting, equipment and methods.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Fundamentals of maintenance engineering: Definition and aim of maintenance engineering, Primary and
secondary functions and responsibility of maintenance department, Types of maintenance, Types and
applications of tools used for maintenance, Maintenance cost & its relation with replacement economy,
Service life of equipment.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Wear and Corrosion and their prevention: Wear- types, causes, effects, wear reduction methods, lubricants-
types and applications, Lubrication methods, general sketch, working andapplications, i. Screw down grease
cup, ii. Pressure grease gun, iii. Splash lubrication, iv. Gravity lubrication, v. Wick feed lubrication vi. Side
feed lubrication, vii. Ring lubrication, Definition, principle and factors affecting the corrosion. Types of
corrosion, corrosion prevention methods.
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Fault tracing: Fault tracing-concept and importance, decision treeconcept, need and applications, sequence
of fault finding activities, show as decision tree, draw decision tree for problems in machine tools,
hydraulic, pneumatic,automotive, thermal and electrical equipment’s like, I. Any one machine tool, ii.
Pump iii. Air compressor, iv. Internal combustion engine, v. Boiler, vi. Electrical motors, Types of faults in
machine tools and their general causes.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:
Periodic and preventive maintenance: Periodic inspection-concept and need, degreasing, cleaning and
repairing schemes, overhauling of mechanical components, overhauling of electrical motor, common
troubles and remedies of electric motor, repair complexities and its use, definition, need, steps and
advantages of preventive maintenance. Steps/procedure for periodic and preventive maintenance of: I.
Machine tools, ii. Pumps, iii. Air compressors, iv. Diesel generating (DG) sets, Program and schedule of
preventive maintenance of mechanical and electrical equipment, advantages of preventive maintenance.
Repair cycle concept and importance
Textbooks:
1. Maintenance Engineering Handbook, Higgins & Morrow, Da Information Services.
2. Maintenance Engineering, H. P. Garg, S. Chand and Company.
Reference Books:
1. Pump-hydraulic Compressors, Audels, Mcgrew Hill Publication.
2. Foundation Engineering Handbook, Winterkorn, Hans, Chapman & Hall London.
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Course Objectives:
The main objective of this course is to give the student a comprehensive understanding of
business analytics methods.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
Students will demonstrate knowledge of data analytics.
Students will demonstrate the ability of think critically in making decisions based on
data and deep analytics.
Students will demonstrate the ability to use technical skills in predicative and
prescriptive modeling to support business decision-making.
Students will demonstrate the ability to translate data into clear, actionable insights.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:
Business Analysis: Overview of Business Analysis, Overview of Requirements, Role of the Business
Analyst.
Stakeholders: the project team, management, and the front line, Handling Stakeholder Conflicts.
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:
Life Cycles: Systems Development Life Cycles, Project Life Cycles, Product Life Cycles, Requirement
Life Cycles.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:
Forming Requirements: Overview of Requirements, Attributes of Good Requirements, Types of
Requirements, Requirement Sources, Gathering Requirements from Stakeholders, Common Requirements
Documents.Transforming Requirements: Stakeholder Needs Analysis, Decomposition Analysis,
Additive/Subtractive Analysis, Gap Analysis, Notations (UML & BPMN), Flowcharts, Swim Lane
Flowcharts, Entity-Relationship Diagrams, State-Transition Diagrams, Data Flow Diagrams, Use Case
Modeling, Business Process Modeling
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:
Finalizing Requirements: Presenting Requirements, Socializing Requirements and Gaining Acceptance,
Prioritizing Requirements. Managing Requirements Assets: Change Control, Requirements Tools
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R21 Regulations
Course Objectives:
Introduce and explain energy from waste, classification and devices to convert waste to
energy.
To impart knowledge on biomass pyrolysis, gasification, combustion and conversion process.
To educate on biogas properties ,bio energy system, biomass resources and their classification
and biomass energy programme in India.
Course Outcomes (CO): Student will be able to
To know about overview of Energy to waste and classification of waste.
To acquire knowledge on bio mass pyrolysis, gasification, combustion and conversion process
in detail.
To gain knowledge on properties of biogas, biomass resources and programmes to convert
waste to energy in India.
UNIT - I Lecture Hrs:10
Introduction to Energy from Waste: Classification of waste as fuel – Agro based, Forest residue,
Industrial waste - MSW – Conversion devices – Incinerators, gasifiers, digestors
UNIT - II Lecture Hrs:10
Biomass Pyrolysis: Pyrolysis – Types, slow fast – Manufacture of charcoal – Methods - Yields
and application – Manufacture of pyrolytic oils and gases, yields and applications.
UNIT - III Lecture Hrs:12
Biomass Gasification: Gasifiers – Fixed bed system – Downdraft and updraft gasifiers – Fluidized
bed gasifiers – Design, construction and operation – Gasifier burner arrangement for thermal heating
– Gasifier engine arrangement and electrical power – Equilibrium and kinetic consideration
in gasifier operation
UNIT - IV Lecture Hrs:12
Biomass Combustion: Biomass stoves – Improved chullahs, types, some exotic designs, Fixed bed
combustors, Types, inclined grate combustors, Fluidized bed combustors, Design, construction and
operation - Operation of all the above biomass combustors.
UNIT - V Lecture Hrs:10
Biogas: Properties of biogas (Calorific value and composition) - Biogas plant technology and
status - Bio energy system - Design and constructional features - Biomass resources and their
classification -
Biomass conversion processes - Thermo chemical conversion - Direct combustion - biomass
gasification- pyrolysis and liquefaction - biochemical conversion - anaerobic digestion - Types of
biogas Plants – Applications - Alcohol production from biomass - Bio diesel production -
Urban waste to energy conversion - Biomass energy programme in India.
Textbooks:
1. Non Conventional Energy, Desai, Ashok V., Wiley Eastern Ltd., 2018
2. Biogas Technology - A Practical Hand Book - Khandelwal, K. C. and Mahdi, S. S., TMH,
2017
Reference Books:
1. Food, Feed and Fuel from Biomass, Challal, D. S., IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd., 1991.
2. Biomass Conversion and Technology, C. Y. WereKo-Brobby and E. B. Hagan, John Wiley
& Sons, 1996
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R21 Regulations
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